2019外研社版高中英語(yǔ)選修三 Unit 6 Nature in words 知識(shí)清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀secrecyn.保密,秘密狀態(tài)shavingn.刮胡子flushv.(使)發(fā)紅plumn.李子;梅子faintlyadv.微弱地;模糊地disposev.排列,布置sparklen.閃耀,閃光reddenv.(使)變紅glaren.刺眼的強(qiáng)光flaken.小薄片weathercockn.(公雞形)風(fēng)標(biāo)churchn.教堂rhymen.兒歌,童謠alabastern.雪花石膏goosen.鵝feathern.羽毛bloomv.開花bleakadj.陰冷的;陰郁的fadev.逐漸消失;褪色orchardn.果園clustern.串,叢,簇wheatn.小麥pilev.堆放,摞起tingev.著淡色于……wagonn.四輪運(yùn)貨車reapv.收割(莊稼)backyardn.后院moribundadj.垂死的,奄奄一息的tremblev.顫抖,發(fā)抖throbv.生機(jī)勃勃;熱鬧chorusn.合唱曲robinn.知更鳥catbirdn.貓鵲doven.鴿子jayn.松鴉wrenn.鷦鷯(一種褐色小鳥)marshn.沼澤,濕地fablen.寓言alertv.提醒,使(某人)意識(shí)到knowinglyadv.故意地gypsymoth舞毒蛾posthumousadj.死后獲得的marineadj.海洋的diamondn.鉆石重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記insistv.堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為prospectn.開闊的景觀,景色enhancev.改進(jìn);增強(qiáng)sweepv.吹過(guò);掠過(guò)banv.禁止,取締dozennumber一打;許多thoroughadj.仔細(xì)的;縝密的preciseadj.精確的;一絲不茍的launchn.推出,發(fā)起reputationn.名譽(yù),名望核心詞匯拓展weeklyadj.一周一次的,每周的→weekn.星期,一周inspectorn.檢查員,巡視員→inspectv.檢查,巡視→inspectionn.檢查;查看;視察bendv.變彎曲→bentadj.彎曲的innocentadj.天真無(wú)邪的→innocencen.天真無(wú)邪;無(wú)辜charmn.魅力,魔力→charmingadj.迷人的gentleadj.輕柔的;溫和的→gentlyadv.輕柔地;溫和地puzzledadj.困惑的,無(wú)法理解的→puzzlen.謎;不解之謎v.迷惑;使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的elegancen.優(yōu)美;簡(jiǎn)潔→elegantadj.優(yōu)美的,優(yōu)雅的;簡(jiǎn)練的,簡(jiǎn)潔的→elegantlyadv.優(yōu)雅地passionateadj.具有強(qiáng)烈信念的→passionn.強(qiáng)烈情感;激情核心短語(yǔ)速記talkaway喋喋不休,不斷地談comearound/round短暫訪問(wèn)breakout爆發(fā)alertsbtosth提醒,使某人意識(shí)到某事causeharmto對(duì)……造成危害urgesbtodosth督促某人做某事becomeatargetfor成為……的目標(biāo)standby堅(jiān)持,信守(原有的決定、承諾或宣言)attheriskof冒著……的危險(xiǎn)dozensof幾十;很多regard...as...把……視為;把……當(dāng)作ratherthan而不是modestadj.謙虛的;謙遜的monumentn.紀(jì)念碑,紀(jì)念物moraladj.道德上的motivationn.動(dòng)機(jī);動(dòng)力motorn.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)adj.有引擎的;汽車的motton.箴言,格言mountainousadj.多山的mournvt.哀痛;哀悼mouthfuln.滿口,一口multiplyvt.&vi.乘;(使)增加;繁殖murdervt.謀殺musiciann.音樂(lè)家;樂(lè)師Thefactis,however,thatthesnowwasasstrangeandfascinatingtomeasitwastothem.(that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)事實(shí)上,這場(chǎng)雪于我而言,也是同樣的奇異,同樣的迷人。Thenthesuncameout,andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.(bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)接著太陽(yáng)出來(lái)了,等到我坐下來(lái)吃早餐時(shí),太陽(yáng)的光彩已是絢爛奪目,給雪地添了一抹柔和的粉紅色。Thisisnotsomuchbecauseofthequalityofherarguments,strongthoughtheyare,butbecauseofthebeautyandeleganceofherwriting.(not...but...)這并不都是因?yàn)樗龝懈哔|(zhì)量的論點(diǎn)是多么強(qiáng)有力,而是因?yàn)樗利惡透哐诺奈墓P讓讀者喜歡。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。prospect,dozen,bend,tremble,puzzledKnownasaninspector,Mikeinsistedthatheshouldmakeaweeklyexaminationontheproductionprocedureofthefactorycarefully.Onemorning,hegotup,washed,shavedandthenhewentouttowork.Suddenly,therewassomethingonthegroundsohe1.bentdownandfoundsomefeathersofgoose.Inthedistance,heheardtherhymebeingsungfromthechurch.Whata2.prospect！Hesighedandcontinuedhiswaytohiscompany.Therehesawsomecleanerssweepingthegroundthoroughlyandseveralworkerswerebusyunloadingsomepilesofwheatfromthewagon.Hewas3.puzzled;therefore,hequestionedthemwhattheyweredoinginagentlevoice.Theworkersansweredina4.tremblingvoicethattheydidnothingwrong.However,Mikewasalerttothatandhefound5.dozensoffaultsinwhattheyhadsaid.Hethoughtithisdutytoprotectthereputationofthecompanyandavoidanymistakesthatwouldhappen.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯insistv.堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為insist作“堅(jiān)持要求;堅(jiān)持主張”講時(shí),后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)do”;作“堅(jiān)持說(shuō);堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí),其后的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。insiston/upon(sb/sb’s)(doing)sth堅(jiān)持要求(某人)(做)某事Thedoctorinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperated(operate)onimmediately.ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedthatheshoulddrivemethere.→ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedon/upondrivingmethere.我們老師堅(jiān)決要求我們要意識(shí)到自己動(dòng)手的重要性。Ourteacherinsistedthatwe(should)realizetheimportanceofworkingwithourownhands.banvt.明令禁止;取締n.禁令bansbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事abanon對(duì)……的禁令近義短語(yǔ)：prohibit/forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事Whalesareprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling.為了創(chuàng)建更干凈的環(huán)境,禁止每個(gè)人亂扔垃圾。Tocreatecleanersurroundings,everyoneisbannedfromlitteringeverywhere.(ban)Tocreatecleanersurroundings,everyoneisforbiddenfromlittering/tolittereverywhere.(forbid)puzzledadj.困惑的;感到迷惑的[puzzlev.迷惑,(使)困惑n.智力游戲;不解之謎;疑問(wèn)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的]bepuzzledat/about對(duì)……迷惑不解apuzzledlook/expression一臉迷惑apuzzletosb一件讓某人感到困惑的事情Afterhearingthenews,theinspectorhadapuzzled(puzzle)lookonhisface.消防員們對(duì)這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)的起因困惑不解。Thecauseofthefirewasapuzzletothefiremen.(puzzlen.)Thefiremenwerepuzzledat/aboutthecauseofthefire.(puzzledadj.)Whatpuzzledthefiremenwasthecauseofthefire.(puzzlev.;主語(yǔ)從句)regard...as...把……視為;把……當(dāng)作……(regardn.注意,關(guān)注;關(guān)心;問(wèn)候vt.將……認(rèn)為;看待)with/inregardto關(guān)于giveone’sregardstosb代某人向某人問(wèn)候regardlessof不管;不顧(側(cè)重指不計(jì)后果和代價(jià))Ifyouseeyourgentleuncle,givehimmyregards(regard).盡管面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn),阿里(Ali)還是把跑步比賽當(dāng)作了一次為妹妹贏得一雙新鞋的機(jī)會(huì)。盡管在比賽中意外摔倒,阿里還是跳了起來(lái),沖向終點(diǎn)線。至于結(jié)果,阿里贏得了三等獎(jiǎng),獲得了新鞋,像鳥兒一樣飛奔回家。Regardlessofgreatchallenges,Aliregardedtherunningraceasanopportunitytowinanewpairofshoesforhissister.Despiteanunexpectedfallduringtherace,Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.With/Inregardtotheresult,Aliwonthethirdprize,gotthenewshoes,andflewtohishomelikeabird.ratherthan而不是;與其……不如……eq\b\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdoAthandoB,woulddoAratherthandoB,prefertodoAratherthandoB,preferdoingAtodoingB))寧愿做A而不愿做Botherthan除了……;除……之外orrather更確切地說(shuō)morethan很;非常;超過(guò);不僅僅YouratherthanIare(be)responsibleforthelossofyourreputation.星期天,我寧愿出去鍛煉也不愿待在家里玩電腦游戲。IprefertotakesomeexerciseoutsideratherthanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(prefer...ratherthan...)IwouldrathertakesomeexerciseoutsidethanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(wouldrather...than...)IwouldtakesomeexerciseoutsideratherthanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(would...ratherthan...)IprefertakingsomeexerciseoutsidetoplayingcomputergamesathomeonSundays.(prefer...to...)用法點(diǎn)撥ratherthan連接兩個(gè)成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。bythetime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Thenthesuncameout,andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.接著太陽(yáng)出來(lái)了,等到我坐下來(lái)吃早餐時(shí),太陽(yáng)的光彩已是絢爛奪目,給雪地添了一抹柔和的粉紅色。bythetime＋從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)),主句時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。bythetime＋從句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)),主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)。bytheendof＋過(guò)去時(shí)間,句子時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。bytheendof＋將來(lái)時(shí)間,句子時(shí)態(tài)為將來(lái)完成時(shí)。Bythetimethisletterreachesyou,Iwillhaveleft(leave)thecountry.Bythetimethedoctorarrivedatthespot,thepatienthaddied(die).Hehadfinished(finish)readingAesop’sFablesbytheendoflastyear.Nextyearhewillbe22andhewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.→Bythetimeheis22,hewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.(用bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句改寫)(2022新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers...在過(guò)去的七年里,大多數(shù)州都禁止司機(jī)發(fā)短信……(2022全國(guó)乙)Theysimplyinsistonmutualrecognitionandregard.他們只是堅(jiān)持相互的承認(rèn)和尊重。(2021全國(guó)乙)Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthenreplied：“Ohthisisn’tforthecareIhad.Itakethatasagiven.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”這名患者看上去很困惑,然后回答道：“哦,這錢不是因?yàn)槲沂艿降淖o(hù)理。我認(rèn)為那理所當(dāng)然。這錢是因?yàn)槟阕蛱鞄臀易隽祟^發(fā)?！?2021全國(guó)甲)Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.南岸位于泰晤士河?xùn)|部的一個(gè)拐彎處,是英國(guó)滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)的中心,在那里滑板的持續(xù)碰撞讓你的頭嗡嗡響。(2020全國(guó)Ⅰ)Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.工程師們還在努力開發(fā)一種開關(guān)“電閘”,當(dāng)暴露在日光下時(shí),光線就會(huì)消失。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙launchA.推出，發(fā)布(新產(chǎn)品)B.發(fā)射C.發(fā)動(dòng)Wewilllaunchthemoonrocketnextweek.BHeplanstolaunchabigattackontheenemy.CIfacompanylaunchesanewproduct,itmakesitavailabletothepublic.AstandbyA.做好準(zhǔn)備B.袖手旁觀C.遵守(諾言，協(xié)議等)Howcanyoustandbyandseethearchitectaccusedofsomethinghedidn’tdo?BThetroopsarestandingbyandwillnotwithdraw.AThephysicianpromisedtostandbyeverywordhesaid.C快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Herushedtogreether,sweepinghisarmswide.揮動(dòng),舞動(dòng)(手、臂等)Twoalertscientistsfoundthattherewassomethingwrongwiththeradar.警覺(jué)的核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Dozensofvolunteershavebeenassignedtodisposeofthegarbagesincelastweek.John,ratherthanhisroommates,is(be)toblameforthepollutionofthepond.Althoughrejected,Jamesinsistedthatshe(should)come(come)downtowntoexplainthis.Inmyopinion,keepingdogsshouldnotbebanned(ban),butlimitedtocertainareas.Thatwasreallyapuzzlingproblem;nowonderthearchitectlookedpuzzled.(puzzle)Itwastoocoldoutsideandthegirlstoodinfrontofthecottage,trembling(tremble)withcold.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.Thesingerisregardedasarepresentativeoftheyouthofhergeneration.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(不能適應(yīng)新學(xué)校,向朋友求助)我很困惑如何跟他人相處,我已經(jīng)被困擾一段時(shí)間了。(bepuzzledabout)Iampuzzledabouthowtofitinwithothers,whichhasbeentroublingmeforawhile.事實(shí)是,這些天我不能集中精力上課,我覺(jué)得在這所學(xué)校里被冷落了。(that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)ThefactisthatIcannotconcentrateonmylessonsthesedaysandfeelleftoutinthisschool.我試圖讓自己對(duì)這里的生活更有激情,但沒(méi)有成功。(passionate)Itriedtobemorepassionateaboutmylifehere,butinvain.如果你能給我一些建議,讓我的新學(xué)校生活更輕松,我將不勝感激。(make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldoffermesomeadvicethat/whichcanmakemynewschoollifeeasier.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料]動(dòng)作描寫insistv.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為flushv.(使)發(fā)紅;臉紅bendv.變彎曲sweepv.吹過(guò);掠過(guò);打掃enhancev.增強(qiáng);改進(jìn)banv.禁止pilev.堆起tremblev.顫抖人物描寫inspectorn.檢查員puzzledadj.困惑的;無(wú)法理解的passionateadj.具有強(qiáng)烈信念的elegantadj.優(yōu)美的→elegancen.優(yōu)雅reputationn.名譽(yù);名望gentleadj.溫柔的→gentlyadv.柔和地環(huán)境描寫bloomv.開花wheatn.小麥prospectn.開闊的景觀;景色[續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。因?yàn)樵谶^(guò)去的兩年里,我一直保持著冠軍的地位,我被選中參加比賽。我的老師Sara女士堅(jiān)持讓我為比賽多多練習(xí)。我撒謊說(shuō)：“我喉嚨有點(diǎn)痛。”我甚至告訴她不要擔(dān)心,因?yàn)槲覍?duì)任何事情都不困惑。然而,當(dāng)我走上舞臺(tái)時(shí),我的手掌出汗,聲音顫抖。最終,我走下舞臺(tái),羞愧得滿臉通紅。我對(duì)Sara女士說(shuō)：“我本應(yīng)該練習(xí)以提高我的能力?！彼拖骂^,溫柔地告訴我,為一切做好充分的準(zhǔn)備是很重要的。Havingheldthechampionshipforthepasttwoyears,Iwaschosentoparticipateinthecompetition.Myteacher,MsSara,insistedthatI(should)practicemoreforthecontest.“Ihaveabitofsorethroat,”Ilied.IeventoldhernottoworryasIwasnotpuzzledaboutanything.However,whenIsteppedonthestage,mypalmssweatedheavilyandmyvoicetrembled.Finally,Iwalkedoffthestageandflushedwithshame.“Ishouldhavepracticedtoenhancemyability,”IsaidtoMsSara.Bendingherhead,shegentlytoldmethatgettingwellpreparedforeverythingwasofgreatimportance.詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共12分)Alltheproofprovedhisinnocence,sothelawyercancertainlyprovethatheisinnocent.(innocence)Manypeopleatthecent