考研考博-英語-四川化工職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川化工職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

(1)ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaoncemerelyexportedrawmaterialsandcashcropsinreturnformanufacturedgoods.Peopleinthesecountriesprovidedformostoftheirownneedsthroughsubsistenceagricultureandsmall-scalecrafts.Intime,though,peopleinthesecountriesgrewincreasinglydependentontheglobaleconomy,becauselocalcraftscouldnotcompetewiththecheap,factory-madeexportsofthedevelopedcountries,suchasEuropeannations,theUnitedStates,andJapan.Todecreasetheirdependence,manydevelopingcountriessoughttostrengthentheireconomiesbybuildingfactories,moderndams,androadsduringthe1960and1970s.Governmentfrequentlymadepoorfinancialchoices.However,infrastructureprojectssuchasdamsandhighwayswereoftentoomassiveforlocalneeds.Choicesaboutindustryweresometimesnotbasedonthebestinterestsofthecountry,andprotectionfromcompetitionfrequentlyresultedininferiorgoods.(2)Asresult,productscouldnotcompeteontheglobalmarketwiththehigher-qualitygoodsfromtheindustrializedcountries.Manydevelopingcountriesthenhadlittleincometopayoffdebtsincurred(招致)duringtheirexpansion.

Afewdevelopingeconomiessucceededinbuildingprosperitythroughindustrializationduringthe20thcentury.ThemostnotableofthesewereSouthKorea,Singapore,andHongKongS.A.R.LikeJapanduringthe19thcentury,theyestablishedtariffsandotherbarrierstoprotectlocalproductsfromforeigncompetitionandinvestedlocalwealthinindustrialdevelopment.(3)AlsolikeJapan,theyfocusedonsellingtheproductstheymanufacturedtoforeignconsumersinordertobringwealthintothecountry.Bytheendofthe20thcenturysomeexpertsconsideredtheseeconomiestobedeveloped,ratherthandeveloping,althoughmanyofSouthKorea’seconomicsuccesseswerereversedinthefinancialcrisisof1997.(4)Followingasimilarpath,Chinaadvancedeconomicallythrougharapidexpansionofmanufacturedexportsduringthelate20thcentury.

Meanwhile,multinationalsbasedintheeconomicallydevelopedworldsetuplow-wagemanufacturingfacilitiesinsomedevelopingcountries,particularlyinSoutheastAsiaandinCentralandSouthAmerica.Thesefactoriestypicallygeneratedfewlong-termbenefitsforthelocaleconomy.Theprofitsflowedoutsidethecountrytotheshareholdersoftheforeignmultinationals.Also,thedevelopingcountrieswereforcedtoparticipateina“racetothebottom”toattractmultinationalinvestment.(5)Ifadevelopingcountryoritspeoplesoughthigherwagesorenforcedlabororenvironmentalprotections,multinationalsoftensimplyrelocatedproductiontoacountrywithlowercost.

【答案】1.中南美洲、非洲和亞洲的發(fā)展中國家曾經(jīng)僅僅依靠出口原材料和經(jīng)濟作物換取制成品。

2.因此，產(chǎn)品無法在全球市場上與工業(yè)化國家的高質量產(chǎn)品競爭。

3.也像日本一樣，他們專注于向外國消費者銷售他們制造的產(chǎn)品，來為國家?guī)碡敻弧?/p>

4.20世紀末，中國通過制造業(yè)出口的快速擴張，實現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展。

5.如果一個發(fā)展中國家或其人民要求更高的工資、實施勞動保護或環(huán)境保護，跨國公司通常只需要將生產(chǎn)轉移到成本更低的國家。

2.單選題

AlthoughtheBillinitspresentformisasignificantimprovementonitsfirstform,itremains（）flawed.

問題1選項

A.seriously

B.soundlessly

C.solemnly

D.strictly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。seriously“認真地；嚴重地”；soundlessly“無聲地，靜悄悄地”；solemnly“莊嚴地，嚴肅地”；strictly“嚴格地，完全地”。句意：盡管這項法案目前的版本比第一版有很大提高，但是仍然有著______不足。能夠修飾”不足”這個詞的只有seriously這個詞，因此選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

（）oforganicfoods--atermwhosemeaningvariesgreatly--frequentlyproclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.

問題1選項

A.Captives

B.Addicts

C.Contestants

D.Advocates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。captive“俘虜”；addict“吸毒成癮的人；入迷的人”；contestant“競爭者”；advocate“擁護者”。句意：有機食品這個術語的意義至今多樣，它的______宣稱這類食品比其他食品更加安全，更加有營養(yǎng)。選項D符合題意。

4.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseonyourANSWERSHEET.

Oneofthestrangestaspectsofourlifeisthewidespreadlackofconcernaboutthedangeroftotaldestructionbynuclearweapons,apossibilitypeopleareawareof.Theexplanation,Ibelieve,isthattheyaremoreproudofthanfrightenedbythegadgetsofmassdestruction.Also,theyaresofrightenedofthepossibilityoftheirpersonalfailureandhumiliationthattheiranxietyaboutpersonalmatterspreventsthemfromfeelinganxiousaboutthepossibilitythateverybodyandeverythingmaybedestroyed.Perhapstotaldestructionisevenmoreattractivethantotalinsecurityandnever-endingpersonalanxiety.

【答案】我們生活中最奇怪的一個方面是，人們普遍不關心核武器可能帶來徹底毀滅的危險，而人們也知道這種可能性。我認為，可以解釋為，他們對大規(guī)模毀滅性武器與其說感到害怕，不如說感到自豪。此外，他們對個人失敗和被羞辱的可能性是如此恐懼，以至于他們對個人事務的焦慮阻礙了他們?nèi)鷳n每個人、每件事都可能被摧毀的可能性。也許徹底的毀滅比完全的不安全感和無休止的個人焦慮更有吸引力。

5.單選題

Shehastobevery______becauseshehasn’tmuchmoney.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.economical

C.sparing

D.careful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項economic“經(jīng)濟學的，經(jīng)濟上的”，B項economical“經(jīng)濟的，節(jié)約的”，C項sparing“適度的”，D項careful“仔細的，小心的”。根據(jù)后面的句子hasn’tmuchmoney“沒有太多錢”可知，空格部分表示“節(jié)省，節(jié)儉”符合語境。句意：她必須非常節(jié)儉，因為她沒有多少錢。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

6.單選題

InPlato’sRepublicwefindadiscussionaboutmoralityandselfishness.Plato’sbrotherGlauconistryingtomakeSocratesgivesomegoodreasonsforwhyitisbettertobejustthantobeunjust.Glauconinsiststhatallpeoplebynaturelookafterthemselves,andwheneverwecangetawaywithsomething,wewilldoit,regardlessofhowunjustitmaybetoothers.Unfortunately,wemayreceivethesametreatmentfromothers,whichishighlyunpleasant,soforthesakeofpeaceandsecurityweagreetotreateachotherdecently—notbecausewewantto,butbecauseweareplayingitsafe.Moralityisjustaresultofourlookingoutforourselves.Ifwecangetawaywithsomething,itisournaturetomakethemostofit.

WhatGlauconissuggestinghereabouttheoriginofsocietyisafirstinWesternthought.Histheoryisanexampleofwhathasbecomeknownassocialcontracttheory,andthistypeoftheorybecameparticularlyinfluentialmuchlater,intheeighteenthcentury.Asocialcontracttheoryassumesthathumansusedtoliveinapre-socialsetting(withoutrules,regulations,orcooperation)andthen,forvariousreasons,gottogetherandagreedonsettingupasociety.Generally,socialcontracttheoriesassumethathumansdecidetobuildasocietywithrulesforthesakeofthecommongoodorforthesakeofself-protection.Thetheoryistodayknownaspsychologicalegoism.

ToGlaucon,decentpersonswilldo“unjust”thingsjustasquicklyasscoundrelsiftheyknowtheycangetawaywithitsincetheirhumannaturesareidentical.HereGlauconisactingasthedevil’sadvocateinordertomakeSocratesdefendjusticeassomethingthatisgoodinitself.Surelyweallcanremembereventsinourlivesthatshowthatwedon’talwaysactoutofself-interest.WemayrememberthatMotherTeresaandotherunselfishsoulshavespenttheirliveshelpingothers.Thepsychologicalegoistwouldcontendthattheymaynothavebeenawareoftheirtruemotives,butselfishitwas,somehow.Thesepeople,probably,wantedtogettoHeaven,toatoneforpastwrongdoing,ormaybetheyjustwantedtofeelwarminside.

Thistheory,cynicalasitmaysound,hasestablisheditselffirmlyinthemindsofmanymodernpeople.Somehow,thistheoryremovesthehalofromabovetheheadofeveryheroandeveryunselfishpersoninthehistoryofhumankind.Onereason,then,forthistheory’spopularityisitspresumedhonesty.Closelyrelatedtothenotionofhonestyisourmodernfascinationwithcynicism.Oftentimes,peoplearetrulyselfishanddevious,andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.However,thereisadifferencebetweenthiskindofprudentskepticismandauniversalcynicismthatbordersonparanoia.Suchradicalcynicismdoesn’tallowforthepossibilityoftheexistenceofgoodnessandkindness,andthisisoneoftheerrorspsychologicalegoistsareproneto.Psychologicalegoistsneversaythatwecan’thelpbeingselfishtothebone—theyjustsaythatthereissomehiddenselfishmotiveforwhateverwedothatwemaynotbeevenawareof.

1.WhatisthemainreasonformentreatingeachotherdecentlyaccordingtoGlaucon?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesocialcontracttheory?

3.HowwouldpsychologicalegoistsinterprettheexampleofMotherTeresa?

4.Whaterrorsarepsychologicalegoistslikelytomake?

問題1選項

A.Itisnotrightforonetobeunjusttootherpeople.

B.Itisbeneficialforpeopletoretainpeaceandsecurity.

C.Moralityandselflessnessarewhatweshouldpursue.

D.Wearepronetomakethemostofsomething.

問題2選項

A.Itiscontrarytopsychologicalegoists’beliefs.

B.Itrecordshumanlifeinaworldwithoutoperationandrules.

C.Itpresumesthatasocietywithrulesistoguaranteethebenefitsofall.

D.Itassumesthatpeoplearebynatureunselfish.

問題3選項

A.Shehelpsothersforthesakeofherself

B.Justiceisgoodinitselftothedevil’sadvocate.

C.Descentpersonswilldounjustthingsaswell.

D.Sheisatypicalpersonwithfeelingsofparanoia.

問題4選項

A.Theydonotjustifytheirtheoryfully.

B.Theyhavechangedpeople’sview.

C.Theyneverwarnpeopleoftheirunawareselfishness.

D.Theygototheextremeofdisbelievingpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“forthesakeofpeaceandsecurity...weareplayingitsafe.”為了和平與安全,我們同意善待彼此——不是因為我們想這樣做,而是因為我們謹慎行事。也就是說人與人之間保持和平與安全是有益的。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關鍵詞“socialcontracttheory”定位到原文第二段,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“Generally,socialcontracttheories...forthesakeofself-protection.”一般來說,社會契約理論認為,人類決定建立一個有規(guī)則的社會是為了公共利益或自我保護。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)關鍵詞“MotherTeresa”定位到第三段最后三句,心理利己主義者認為他們可能沒有意識到自己的真實動機,但從某種程度上來說,他們是自私的。這些人可能是想上天堂,為過去的錯誤行為贖罪,或者他們只是想感受內(nèi)心的溫暖。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Suchradicalcynicism...psychologicalegoistsareproneto.”這種極端的犬儒主義不允許善良和善良存在的可能性,這是心理利己主義者容易犯的錯誤之一。也就是說他們很極端,容易懷疑他人,所以選項D正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

7.單選題

Salariesfor（

）positionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.

問題1選項

A.legal

B.optional

C.voluntary

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】句意:做臨時性的工作拿到的工資好像比固定工作要高。

形容詞辨析。Legal法律的，合法的;optional可選擇的，隨意的;voluntary自愿的;temporary臨時的。根據(jù)句子已知信息permanentones(固定工作)推測D符合句意。

8.單選題

Increased（）canreleasetheworkersforothertasks.

問題1選項

A.efficiency

B.effect

C.effectiveness

D.effort

【答案】A

【解析】句意：提高工作效率可以使工人們有更多的時間做其他的任務。選項A符合語境。

9.單選題

Thehumanvoiceoftensounds（）onthephone.

問題1選項

A.twisted

B.irregular

C.deformed

D.distorted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項twistedadj.扭曲的；B選項irregularadj.不規(guī)則的，無整齊的；C選項deformedadj.丑陋的，畸形的；D選項distortedadj.歪曲的，失真的，受到曲解的。根據(jù)humanvoice可知，D項符合搭配。句意：人聲在電話里聽起來總是有些失真。

10.單選題

Ihappenedtobecaughtinashower.Itwasjustacoupleofminutes（）Iwaswetthrough.

問題1選項

A.before

B.since

C.that

D.until

【答案】A

【解析】考查時態(tài)。A選項before“在……之前”，說明兩個時間或兩個事件之間的先后關系，句子一般用過去時，例如：Shedidn’tunderstandmebeforeIexplainedittoher.（在我向她解釋之前，她不理解我的意思。）；B選項since“自……以來”，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，例如：Heleftthevillagein1982andIhaven’tseenhimsincethen.（1982年他離開這個村子，從那以后，我沒再見過他。）；C選項that“那個”，做代詞或引導從句，這里在名詞后應該引導定語從句或者同位語從句，在此題中不適用，排除C選項。D選項until“直到……時候”，不符合句意，排除D選項。句意：我碰巧遇上陣雨了。只過了幾分鐘我就渾身濕透了。綜上所述，A選項符合題意。

11.單選題

ThelostcaroftheThompsonswasfoundforsakeninthewoodsoffthehighway.

問題1選項

A.vanished

B.scattered

C.abandoned

D.rejected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。forsake意為“拋棄，遺棄”；vanish意為“消失”；scatter意為“驅散，散開”；abandon意為“放棄，拋棄”；reject意為“拒絕”。

句意：湯普森一家丟失的汽車被發(fā)現(xiàn)遺棄在遠離高速公路的樹林里。

12.單選題

Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Beforeconsideringthisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanother,isdistinguishedfromcompetition,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesindependentlystrivingforsomethingwhichisininadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotbeawareofoneanother,whilethepartiestoaconflictare.Conflictandcompetitionarebothcategoriesofopposition,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionisthuscontrastedwithcooperation,theprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.Thesedefinitionsarenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimitedresources,butconflictisnot.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccur,andisprobablyanessentialanddesirableelementofhumansocieties.

Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Socialanimals,suchasmonkeysandcattle,fighttowinormaintainleadershipofthegroup.Thestruggleforexistenceoccursnotinsuchfights,butinthecompetitionforlimitedfeedingareasandfortheoccupancyofareasfreefrommeat-eatinganimals.Thosewhofailinthiscompetitionstarvetodeathorbecomevictimstootherspecies.Thisstruggleforexistencedoesnotresemblehumanwar,butratherthecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.Theessenceofthestruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatareinsufficienttosatisfyall.

Amongnationsthereiscompetitionindevelopingresources,trades,skills,andasatisfactorywayoflife.Thesuccessfulnationsgrowandproduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,andthusleadtoconflict.Itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorgivesthedefinitionsofsometerminorderto（）

2.Accordingtotheauthor,competitiondiffersfromconflictinthat（）.

3.Thephrase“functioninthedisserviceofoneanother”mostprobablymeans（）

4.Theauthorindicatesinthepassagethatconflict（）.

5.Thepassageisprobablyintendedtoanswerthequestion“（）'

問題1選項

A.argueforthesimilaritiesbetweenanimalsocietiesandhumansocieties

B.smoothouttheconflictsinhumansocieties

C.distinguishbetweentwokindsofopposition

D.summarizethecharacteristicfeaturesofoppositionandcooperation

問題2選項

A.itresultsinwarinmostcases

B.itinduceseffortstoexpandterritory

C.itisakindofoppositionamongsocialentities

D.itisessentiallyastruggleforexistence

問題3選項

A.betrayeachother

B.harmoneanother

C.helptocollaboratewitheachother

D.benefitoneanother

問題4選項

A.isaninevitablestruggleresultingfromcompetition

B.reflectsthestruggleamongsocialanimals

C.isanoppositionamongindividualsocialentities

D.canbeavoided

問題5選項

A.Whyisthereconflictandcompetition?

B.Isconflictdesirable?

C.Iswarinevitable?

D.Cancompetitionleadtoconflict?

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干定位至第一段。作者給出一些兩種對抗術語的定義是為了將兩種對抗加以區(qū)分。C項正確。

2.題干問的是競爭對比沖突的不同在于什么。定位至第二段：Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict（許多作家根據(jù)動物世界為生存而進行的斗爭中具有適者生存的規(guī)律這一點，認為戰(zhàn)爭是不可避免的。通常來講，這種斗爭從本質上來說是競爭，而不是沖突）。據(jù)此可知，競爭不同于沖突是因為競爭從本質上來說是為了生存。

3.根據(jù)題干定位至第一段：Conflictandcompetitionarebothcategoriesofopposition,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.（沖突和競爭都是對立的范疇，被定義為社會實體互相傷害的過程）。因此，該短語為互相傷害。

4.文章最后指出：Itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis（盡管競爭不可避免，卻不能認為國家間類似于戰(zhàn)爭的沖突也是不可避免的）。據(jù)此可知，作者認為沖突是可以避免的，D項正確。

5.文章開篇點明主題：Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters（一個讓世界上許多偉大的作家憂心的問題是：戰(zhàn)爭是否不可避免）。后文從各方面論述了“戰(zhàn)爭是否不可避免”這個問題。

13.翻譯題

6.Insteadofbeingapproachedbyhumanpersonnel,thebankfoyerisstaffedbyarobot,whichservesasthebanklobbymanager,andisabletocommunicatewithcustomerstomeettheirneedsandsolvetheirproblems.Thedifferencebetweenatraditionalself-servicebankandtheunmannedbankistheintelligentself-serviceequipmentwhichisabletoaccessvariousbankingserviceswithinthebranch.

【答案】【參考譯文】

6.在銀行大廳迎客的不是人類員工，而是作為銀行大堂經(jīng)理配備的一個機器人，它能與客戶交流互動以滿足其需要并解決其問題。傳統(tǒng)的自助銀行和無人銀行之間的區(qū)別在于智能自助服務設備，它能夠訪問分支機構內(nèi)的各種銀行服務。

14.填空題

Peopleareoften（1）whentheyseethatIhavefiveumbrellasintheroom.Thetruthisthattheyaren’tallmine.Severalvisitorshave（2）umbrellasintheoffice.Idon'tknowwhythis（3）

happening.MaybeIshouldputupa（4）bythedoorremindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo.

大意:當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候，通常會感到困惑。真相是，不是所有的雨傘都是我的。很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。我不知道為什么一直會這樣。也許，我應該在門口貼張便利貼，以提醒他們走的時候帶上雨傘。

【答案】1.puzzled

2.left

3.keeps

4.note

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)句中“當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候”推測,主句部分為:人們通常感到困惑。

2.詞匯題。句意:很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。而且此處應填動詞的過去分詞,即left。

3.詞匯題。句意:為什么這件事總在發(fā)生?？蘸鬄閔appening，因此填keep語義跟語法上都符合。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的remindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo以及前面的putup推測此處應填note(便利貼)。

15.翻譯題

加拿大移民條例雖不把英籍香港華人與其他英國殖民地人民一視同仁，然加拿大比美國較為關心香港移民卻是千真萬確的事。1962年，加拿大方面鑒于香港難民眾多，在各方呼吁下，自動提出愿意接受香港方面100個家庭單位來加。多倫多《明星報》（TorontoStar）在3月23日的社論中還譏諷其為一種姿態(tài)罷了。其實，移民局早已著手調查，尋找符合條件并愿意赴加的家庭。還有一些組織和機構，如“教會聯(lián)合總會”（GeneralCounciloftheUnitedChurch）于9月開會時曾大聲疾呼加拿大應該容納香港難民10000名。11月21日第一批來自香港的家庭抵加，至年底計有62個家庭單位，合共人數(shù)139名由港抵加。11月16日，貝爾宣布調查中國移民舞弊案結束。移民局長表示那些在加華人如愿歸化入籍，手續(xù)將加以簡化。反對黨派、輿論界、加拿大華人團體一致?lián)碜o移民局的這項宣布。

【答案】ItistruethatCanadaismoreconcernedaboutHongKongimmigrationthantheUnitedStates,althoughCanada’simmigrationlawsdonottreatBritishHongKongChineseasequalstootherBritishcolonists.In1962,inviewofthelargenumberofrefugeesinHongKong,Canadavoluntarilyofferedtoaccept100familyunitsfromHongKongundertheappealofallparties,whichhasbeensatirizedasapracticeofformalismbyTorontoStar’sEditorialonMarch23th.ButthetruthistheImmigrationAuthorityhasalreadyundertakinginvestigation,lookingforqualifiedfamilieswhoarewillingtoCanada.Otherinstitutionsandorganization,suchastheGeneralCounciloftheUnitedChurch,haveclamoredinmeetingCanadashouldaccept10000HongKongrefugeesGeneralCounciloftheUnitedChurchinSeptember.OnNovember21th,thefirstbatchoffamilyfromHongKongarrivedinCanada.Anestimated62familyunitfromHongKong,totalnumberof139followingtillthisyearend.OnNovember16,BaerannouncedtheendofChineseImmigrationFraudinvestigation.TheimmigrationministersaystheprocesswillbesimplifiedforthoseChineseinCanadawhowanttobecomenaturalized.Oppositionparties,opinionmakersandtheChineseCanadiancommunityallsupportedtheannouncement.

16.單選題

Ifyouwanttoclarifythefact,youneedtwowitnessesto______thatthisisyoursignature.

問題1選項

A.notify

B.certify

C.assure

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項notify“通告，通知；公布”；B選項certify“證明；保證”；C選項assure“向……保證；使確定；保證；使相信”；D選項assume“設想；假定”。certify和assure都是及物動詞，但certify后一般接從句，assure后一般接人稱代詞，意為“向……保證”。句意：如果你想澄清事實，你需要兩個證人來證明這是你的簽名。因此B選項正確。

17.單選題

Ourassociation,whichhasconsistentlypressedforgreateremploymentopportunitiesforthedisabled,willpublish,（）proposalsinthenearfuture.

問題1選項

A.their

B.our

C.his

D.its

【答案】D

【解析】考查代詞的用法。從association后的定語從句可以看出，這里的association是作為一個整體概念出現(xiàn)的，因此謂語用單數(shù)形式haspressed，那么后面對應的形容詞性物主代詞也應該表示單數(shù)概念，A選項their“他們的”，B選項our“我們的”是復數(shù)概念，排除A，B。association是物不是人，C選項his“他的”用來指人，D選項its“它的”用來指物。因此D選項正確。

18.單選題

Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatthepiano（）after11ofo’clockatnight.

問題1選項

A.wasnotplayed

B.nottoplay

C.notbeplayed

D.didnotplay

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。在itis+表示要求、建議、必要、命令意思的形容詞或分詞+主語從句的結構中。句子使用虛擬語氣。其結構是“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略，且此處表示被動。本句句型是：Itisrequestedbysbthat…，所以句子要用虛擬語氣。句意：飯店管理部門懇請客人晚上11點以后不要打開收音機。所以本題選擇C選項正確。

19.單選題

Duringpregnancy,thebloodcarriesessential____andoxygentothedevelopingbabyandcarriesawaywaste.

問題1選項

A.nutrients

B.nuisance

C.initiatives

D.ration

【答案】A

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項nutrients“營養(yǎng)物；養(yǎng)分”；B選項nuisance“損害；麻煩事”；C選項initiatives“倡議”；D選項ration“配給量，定量”。句意：在懷孕期間，血液攜帶必要的____和氧氣給發(fā)育中的嬰兒，并帶走廢物?？崭裨~與氧氣并列，都是嬰兒需要地東西，A選項nutrients“營養(yǎng)物；養(yǎng)分”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為A。

20.單選題

Thelocalgovernmenthas（）thelandownerstofishthesewaters.

問題1選項

A.transformed

B.ransferred

C.licensed

D.allocated

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：當?shù)卣呀?jīng)（）地主在河里釣魚。transformed轉變；transferred移動、轉移；licensed許可；allocated分配。故選C。

21.單選題

Duringperiodsofsocialandculturalstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbythatallrealcreativeworkmustbedoneby（

）thedisenfranchised.

問題1選項

A.managers

B.dogmatists

C.imposters

D.specialists

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。disenfranchised被剝奪公民權的；manager“經(jīng)理；管理人員”；dogmatist“教條主義者；獨斷家；獨斷論者”；imposter“騙子；冒名頂替者”；specialist“專家；專門醫(yī)師”。句意：在社會和文化穩(wěn)定時期，很多藝術學院如此牢固地被教條主義者控制，以至于所有真正有創(chuàng)造性的工作都由被剝奪了公民權的人來完成。由allrealcreativeworkmustbedonebythedisenfranchised.可知B項符合題意。

22.單選題

Shellfishgivethe（）appearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistencealthoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.

問題1選項

A.misled

B.deceptive

C.initial

D.understandable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：貝殼魚給人一種享受平靜生活的假象,但實際上它們的生活是一場不斷的斗爭。misled為動詞,把...帶錯方向,誤導,放在此處不符合語法；deceptive迷惑的,虛偽的；initial最初的；understandable可以理解的。選項B符合句意。

23.單選題

Technologicaldevelopments（）newskillsinmanyindustries，leavingthoseworkerswithoutdatedskillsoutofwork.

問題1選項

A.necessitate

B.associate

C.negotiate

D.differentiate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項necessitate“使成為必要，需要”，B選項associate“聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系”，C選項negotiate“談判，商議”，D選項differentiate“區(qū)分，使有差別”。句意：技術的發(fā)展使許多行業(yè)產(chǎn)生了新技能，使那些擁有過時技能的工人失業(yè)。因此，A選項符合句意。

24.單選題

Inthemid-1990s,threeseniorfemaleprofessorsatM.I.T.cametosuspectthattheircareershadbeenhamperedbysimilarpatternsofmarginalization.（1）Afterperformingtheinvestigationandstudyingthedata,thecommitteeconcludedthatthemarginalizationexperiencedbyfemalescientistsatM.I.T.“wasoftenaccompaniedbydifferencesinsalary,space，awards,resourcesandresponsetooutsideoffersbetweenmenandwomenfaculty,withwomenreceivinglessdespiteprofessionalaccomplishmentsequaltothoseoftheircolleagues.”Thedeanconcurredwiththecommittee’sfindings.Andyet,aswasnotedinthecommittee’sreport,hisfellowadministrators“resistedthenotionthattherewasanyproblemthatarosefromgenderbiasinthetreatmentofthewomenfaculty.SomearguedthatitwasthemasculinecultureofM.I.T.thatwastoblame,andlittlecouldbedonetochangethat.”

（2）

Thecommittee’smostevocativefindingwasthatthediscriminationfacingfemalescientistsinthefinalquarterof20thcenturywasqualitativelydifferentfromthemoreobviousformsofsexismaddressedbycivilrightslawsandaffirmativeaction,butnolessreal.NoteveryoneagreesthatwhatwasuncoveredatM.I.T.actuallyqualifiesasdiscrimination.

（3）

Eveniffemaleprofessorshavebeenshortchangedorshuntedaside,theirmarginalizationmightbearesultofthesamesortsofdepartmentalinfighting,personalityconflictsand“mistakenimpressionsthatcausemalefacultymemberstofeelslightedaswell.‘‘Perceptionsofdiscriminationareevidenceofnothingbutsubjectivefeelings,”Kleinfeldscoffs.

（4）

InFebruary2012,theAmericanInstituteofPhysicspublishedasurveyof15,000maleandfemalephysicistsacross130countries.

（5）

“Infact,”theresearchersconcluded，“womenphysicistscouldbethemajorityinsomehypotheticalfutureyetstillfindtheircareersexperienceproblemsthatstemfromoftenunconsciousbias.”

問題1選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題2選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題3選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題4選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthans