考研考博-英語(yǔ)-周口職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-周口職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.

InSeptember,1773,theEastIndiaCompanyPlannedtoship500,000poundsofteatotheirAmericanagentsinportsalongtheAtlanticcoast.WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.TheBoltonTeaPartywasthemostviolentofthesesteps.Followingthisactofrebellion,GovernorHutchinsoncalledit“theboldeststrokewhichhadbeenstruckinAmerica.”

Parliamentrespondedtothisactofdefiancein1774bypassingaseriesofactsknownastheCoerciveActs.TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.

1.Accordingtothepassage,parliamentaryleaders（

）.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

3.WhatwastheCoerciveActs?

4.WhatdidtheAmericansdowhentheEastIndiaCompanyplannedtoshipthousandsofpoundsofteatoAmerica?

5.Theword“smuggled”mostlikelymeans（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.importedteafromSouthCarolina

B.weregreatteadrinkers

C.misjudgedtheAmericancolonist

D.fearedthattheywouldhavetobuycheaptea

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theAmericanswantedtobuyteafromHolland

B.teainHollandwascheaperthanthatinEngland

C.thecrowdwasgrowingmorepatient

D.theAmericansagreedtotheimpositionofthetax

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheyweredesignedtohelppaythecostofprotectingthecoloniesfromtheIndians.

B.TheyweretopermittheEastIndiaCompanytoshipteadirectlytoAmericanports

C.Theywereaseriesofactsknownasthetaxontea

D.TheyweredesignedtoshowAmericansthatEnglandwouldnotbepatientwiththeirresistance

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theytriedtodrivethemoutofbusiness

B.TheymedtowelcometheteamerchantsfromtheEastIndiaCompany

C.Theywaitedforthemeetingtodiscussthetaxontea.

D.Theytriedtoacceptportdutiesonimports.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.togetridof

B.tomakeunabletogetair

C.oortakesth.outofacountrywithoutpaymentoflegalduties

D.tobreakintopiecewithviolenceandnoise

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.”，可知議會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人未能了解美國(guó)殖民者。下文就用具體事例說(shuō)明，他們誤以為這些北美殖民者們會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)東印度公司更加便宜的茶葉?？膳袛喑鲎h會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人錯(cuò)誤地判斷了美國(guó)殖民者的意圖和行為。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知他們認(rèn)為美國(guó)人會(huì)買(mǎi)便宜合法的東印度公司的茶葉，而不是購(gòu)買(mǎi)從荷蘭走私來(lái)的更貴的茶葉?？膳袛喑雒绹?guó)人更愿意從荷蘭購(gòu)買(mǎi)茶葉。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.”，可知他們制定這一系列強(qiáng)制性法案的目的是懲罰波士頓，并向美洲各地的殖民者表明，英國(guó)不會(huì)容忍這種對(duì)其權(quán)威的反抗?？膳袛喑鲋贫ù朔ò傅哪康膶?shí)際上是向美國(guó)人表明，英國(guó)不會(huì)容忍他們的反抗。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.”，可知當(dāng)殖民者得知東印度公司的計(jì)劃時(shí)，從南卡羅來(lái)納到緬因州的美國(guó)港口的當(dāng)?shù)夭枞~商人采取一系列措施使他們破產(chǎn)?？膳袛喑霎?dāng)東印度公司計(jì)劃向美國(guó)運(yùn)送數(shù)千磅茶葉時(shí)，美國(guó)人企圖采取措施讓他們破產(chǎn)。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“…legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知美國(guó)人購(gòu)買(mǎi)從荷蘭走私的更貴的茶葉，而不是合法的東印度公司的茶葉，句子中l(wèi)egal和smuggled形成對(duì)比，可知smuggled的意思為“走私的”，可將smuggle解釋為將某物輸入或輸出一個(gè)國(guó)家而不需要支付合法稅款。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Itistimethenationsoftheworld（

）ahalttothemanufactureofnuclearweapons.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldcall

B.call

C.called

D.willcall

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。Itistime(that)sb.didsth.意為“是做某事的時(shí)候了...”。句意：世界各國(guó)是時(shí)候停止制造核武器了。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.單選題

Hemighthavebeenkilled（

）thearrivalofthepolice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceptfor

B.butfor

C.with

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。butfor“要不是，如果沒(méi)有”；exceptfor“除了…以外”。句意：要不是警察來(lái)了，他可能已經(jīng)被殺了。mighthavebeenkilled是對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

I'mworriedaboutwashingthatshirtincaseit（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreases

B.contracts

C.constringes

D.shrinks

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)decrease“減少”，B項(xiàng)contract“收縮”，C項(xiàng)constringe“使收斂”，D項(xiàng)名詞shrink“縮水”；句意：我不敢洗那件襯衫，怕它會(huì)縮水。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Poseidonsatathisdesk,doingfigures.Theadministrationofallthewatersgavehimendlesswork.Hecouldhavehadassistants,asmanyashewanted一andhedidhaveverymany一butsincehetookhisjobveryseriously,hewouldintheendgooverallthefiguresandcalculationshimself,andthushisassistantswereoflittlehelptohim.Itcannotbesaidthatheenjoyedhiswork:hediditonlybecauseithadbeenassignedtohim;infact,hehadalreadyfiledmanypetitionsfor—asheputit—morecheerfulwork,buteverytimetheofferofsomethingdifferentwasmadetohimitwouldturnoutthatnothingsuitedhimquiteaswellashispresentposition.Andanyhowitwasquitedifficulttofindsomethingdifferentforhim.Afterall,itwasimpossibletoassignhimtoaparticularsea:asidefromthefactthateventhentheworkwithfigureswouldnotbecomelessbutonlypettier,thegreatPoseidoncouldinanycaseoccupyonlyanexecutiveposition.Andwhenajobawayfromthewaterwasofferedtohimhewouldgetsickattheveryprospect,hisdivinebreathingwouldbecometroubledandhisbrazenchestbegantotremble.Besides,hiscomplaintswerenotreallytakenseriously;whenoneofthemightyisvexatioustheappearanceofaneffortmustbemadetoplacatehim,evenwhenthecaseismosthopeless.InactualityashiftofpostswasunthinkableforPoseidon—hehadbeenappointedGodoftheSeainthebeginning,andthathehadtoremain.

Whatirritatedhimmost一anditwasthisthatwaschieflyresponsibleforhisdissatisfactionwithhisjob—wastohearoftheconceptionsformedabouthim:howhewasalwaysridingaboutthroughthetideswithhistrident.Whenallthewhilehesathereinthedepthsoftheworld-ocean,doingfiguresuninterruptedly,withnowandthenatriptoJupiterastheonlybreakinthemonotony—atrip,moreover,fromwhichheusuallyreturnedinarage.Thushehadhardlyseenthesea—hadseenitbutquicklyinthecourseofhurriedtripstoOlympus,andhehadneveractuallytraveledaroundit.Hewasinthehabitofsayingthatwhathewaswaitingforwasthefalloftheworld;then,probably,aquietmomentwouldbegrantedinwhich,justbeforetheendandhavingcheckedthelastrowoffigures,hewouldbeabletomakeaquick,littletour.

Poseidonbecameboredwiththesea.Heletfallhistrident.Silentlyhesatontherockycoastandagull,dazedbyhispresence,describedwaveringcirclesaroundhishead.

1.Theunderlinedsentence("It…h(huán)im")inthefirstparagraphsuggestthatPoseidonregardedhisworkwith().

2.Itcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sdescriptionofPoseidon'sroutine("how...inarage")that().

3.Accordingtothepassage,Poseidon'sdissatisfactionwithhisjobprimarilystemsfrom()

4.TheauthorofthepassageportraysthegodPoseidonas().

5.PoseidonisunabletochangeoccupationsforallofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resignation

B.enthusiasm

C.hostility

D.intimidation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.PoseidonprefersperforminghisdutiestovisitingJupiter

B.Poseidonistoobusytofamiliarizehimselfwithhiskingdom

C.Poseidonrequiressilencefortheperformanceofhisduties

D.Poseidon'sdissatisfactionwithhisjobdetractsfromhisefficiency

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theconstanttravelthatisrequiredofhim

B.thelackofseriousnesswithwhichhiscomplaintsarereceived

C.theconstantlychangingnatureofhisduties

D.other'smistakennotionsofhisroutine

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.adissatisfiedbureaucrat

B.apowerfulgod

C.adiscontentedvagabond

D.acapableaccountant

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hisappointmentasGodoftheSeaisinherentlyunchangeable

B.hehasfallenintodisfavorwiththegodsonMountOlympus

C.hecannotimaginealifeawayfromthewater

D.nothingelsesuitshimaswellashispresentposition

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.Poseidon對(duì)他工作的態(tài)度是()。resignation放任,服從;enthusiasm熱心,熱忱;hostility敵對(duì);intimidation恐嚇,威脅。根據(jù)劃線部分的內(nèi)容可知,不能說(shuō)他喜歡他的工作,他這樣做只是因?yàn)檫@是分配給他的。所以他的態(tài)度是聽(tīng)之任之的,選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)劃線部分的描述可知,作者是想表達(dá)Poseidon對(duì)工作的不滿導(dǎo)致了工作效率的下降,選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句"Whatirritatedhimmost一anditwasthisthatwaschieflyresponsibleforhisdissatisfactionwithhisjob—wastohearoftheconceptionsformedabouthim..."最讓他生氣的是聽(tīng)到別人對(duì)他的意見(jiàn),正是這一因素導(dǎo)致了他對(duì)工作的不滿。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)文字內(nèi)容可知,作者將Poseidon描述為不滿的官僚,選項(xiàng)A正確。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第一段后半部分的內(nèi)容可知,選項(xiàng)A.C,D均是Poseidon無(wú)法改變職業(yè)的原因,只有選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有提及。

6.單選題

Thesesurveysindicatethatmanycrimesgo（

）bythepolice,mainlybecausenotallvictimsreportthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unrecorded

B.tobeunrecorded

C.unrecording

D.tohavebeenunrecorded

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配題。根據(jù)句意‘這些調(diào)查表明許多犯罪…，主要因?yàn)椴皇撬械氖芎φ叨紩?huì)舉報(bào)?！_定空格處填的意思是否定含義‘沒(méi)有被記錄’，動(dòng)詞go與否定式的過(guò)去分詞連用，表示某動(dòng)作未發(fā)生，A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Cellphoneusehasexplodedinmanycountries,easingcommunicationbetweenindividualsbutcausingsocialuneasinessaswell.IntheindustrializedWest,cellphoneusehasleapfroggedoverconventionalphonenetworksthatreliedoncumbersometelephonelinesandexpensiveundergroundwiring.InAsiancountries,especiallypooreroneslikeCambodia,suchhighinfrastructurecostsarebeingavoidedbysimplymovingtowirelesscommunication.

However,eveninthemostmoderncountries,cellphoneusehasprovedsomewhatofanovelty,onethathasrequiredaredefinitionofsocialconventions.Theabilitytoalwaysbeconnectedwithanotherperson,nomatterwhereonetravels,’hasledtoafrictionofpersonalspaceanddifferentperceptionsonthevalueofcommunication.Today,cellphoneuserscantalktofriends,workersandfamilymemberswhilecatchingabus,walkingalongthestreetorclimbingaflightofstairs.

Butwhatofthepeoplearoundcellphoneusers?Oftenaloudcellcallinamovietheaterorarecitalhallwillbringsighsofannoyancebytheaudienceasimpatiencewithbeepingandringingincreases.Butshouldgovernmentstepintoregulatetheuseofcellphonesandrestricttheiruse?Somearguethatmarketforcesarebestsuitedtosolvingconsumerdissatisfaction.Proponentsofthisperspectivecitenewrulesinmovietheatersandconcerthallsthatrequirepatronstoturnofftheircellphonesbeforetheperformancebegins.

Others,however,seearoleforgovernmentinharnessingthisnewtechnology.Insomestates,itisnowillegaltodriveandtalkonamobilephone.Asaresponsetotheselawsandbecauseofthecomplicationsofperformingmorethanonetaskwhilespeakingonacellphone,.companieshavedevelopedheadsetssothatuserscantalk“handsfree”.Nevertheless,thissolutionhasperhapsaggravatedsocialfrictionbymakingcellphoneuseevenmoreconvenient.Manyusersarenowseentalkingtothemselves—asignnotofmentalinstability—butoftherapidexpansionofmoderntechnology.

Regardlessofprivateorpublicrestrictionsontheuseofcellphones,societystillhasalongwaytogobeforeitcantrulyacceptandadapttotheburdensofcellphoneuseonthirdparties.Onlywhendistinctsocialnormsarecreatedtodealwithcommoncellphoneusewillthetechnologybecomemoreacceptedandviewedlessasanirritant.

1.TheexampleofCambodiainthefirstparagraphisusedtorepresentacountythat______.

2.Theword“l(fā)eapfrogged”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeansthat______.

3.InParagraph3,whatistheauthor’spositioninregardtocellphoneuserestriction?

4.Accordingtothepassage,oneunforeseenconsequenceofhandfreeusehasbeen______.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmustbeachievedbeforecellphoneusecanbetrulyaccepted?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needsmorephones

B.hasahighpercentageofcellphoneusers

C.usescellphonestoavoidhighinfrastructurecostsoftraditionalphonesystems

D.usesmail

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.cellphonetechnologyisrapidlybecomingoutofdate

B.cellphoneuserscommunicatebyjumpingovernormalphonelines

C.cellphoneuseisexpandingatarapidrate

D.cellphoneusehasreplacedandsurpassedtraditionalphoneuse

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aneutralstance.

B.Firmsupportforrestriction.

C.Oppositiontoanyrestriction.

D.Ambiguousness.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.anincreaseincellphonecosts

B.anincreasedincidentofunusualbehavior

C.anincreaseintrafficaccidents

D.adecreaseinbraincancerfromcellphoneuse

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Governmentmustpasslawstipulatingtheconditionsofcellphoneuse.

B.Socialnormsonnormalcellphoneuseneedtobeadopted.

C.Lawsoncellphoneusemustbeharmonizedwithsocialnorms.

D.Cellphoneuseshouldcontinuewithoutrestrictions.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.TheexampleofCambodiainthefirstparagraphisusedtorepresentacountythat______.1.第一段中柬埔寨的例子是用來(lái)代表______的一個(gè)國(guó)家。

A.needsmorephonesA.需要更多的手機(jī)

B.hasahighpercentageofcellphoneusersB.手機(jī)用戶比例高

C.usescellphonestoavoidhighinfrastructurecostsoftraditionalphonesystemsC.使用手機(jī)來(lái)避免傳統(tǒng)電話系統(tǒng)的高基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施成本

D.usesmailD.使用郵件

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段最后一句“在亞洲國(guó)家，特別是像柬埔寨這樣較為貧窮的國(guó)家，只要改用無(wú)線通訊，就可以避免如此高昂的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施成本”，無(wú)線通訊是上文所指的手機(jī)的使用，綜合理解可以推斷，該段用柬埔寨舉例是用來(lái)代表性地說(shuō)明使用手機(jī)能避免高昂的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施成本，該題選擇C項(xiàng)“使用手機(jī)來(lái)避免傳統(tǒng)電話系統(tǒng)的高基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施成本”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“需要更多的手機(jī)”，柬埔寨需要改用無(wú)線通訊，而不是需要更多無(wú)線通訊，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“手機(jī)用戶比例高”，柬埔寨還在使用傳統(tǒng)的電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“使用郵件”，文章沒(méi)有提到郵件，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Theword“l(fā)eapfrogged”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeansthat______.2.第一段中的單詞“l(fā)eapfrogged”很可能意味著______。

A.cellphonetechnologyisrapidlybecomingoutofdateA.手機(jī)技術(shù)正在迅速過(guò)時(shí)

B.cellphoneuserscommunicatebyjumpingovernormalphonelinesB.手機(jī)用戶可以跳過(guò)普通電話線進(jìn)行交流

C.cellphoneuseisexpandingatarapidrateC.手機(jī)的使用正在迅速擴(kuò)大

D.cellphoneusehasreplacedandsurpassedtraditionalphoneuseD.手機(jī)的使用已經(jīng)取代并超越了傳統(tǒng)電話的使用

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段第二句“在西方工業(yè)化國(guó)家，手機(jī)的使用已經(jīng)超越了（leapfrogged）傳統(tǒng)的電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)，后者依賴(lài)于笨重的電話線和昂貴的地下線路”，從這句話我們可知，手機(jī)的使用已經(jīng)超過(guò)了傳統(tǒng)電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)的使用；結(jié)合第一句“在許多國(guó)家，手機(jī)的使用呈爆炸式增長(zhǎng)……”，也就是說(shuō)許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始使用手機(jī)了，綜合理解可推知，leapfrogged指的是手機(jī)的使用取代并超越了傳統(tǒng)電話，D項(xiàng)“手機(jī)的使用已經(jīng)取代并超越了傳統(tǒng)電話的使用”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“手機(jī)技術(shù)正在迅速過(guò)時(shí)”，是傳統(tǒng)電話正在過(guò)時(shí)，而不是手機(jī)，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“手機(jī)用戶可以跳過(guò)普通電話線進(jìn)行交流”，原文沒(méi)有這種表述，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“手機(jī)的使用正在迅速擴(kuò)大”表述不全，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.InParagraph3,whatistheauthor’spositioninregardtocellphoneuserestriction?3.在第三段中，作者對(duì)于手機(jī)使用限制的立場(chǎng)是什么？

A.Aneutralstance.A.一個(gè)中立的立場(chǎng)。

B.Firmsupportforrestriction.B.堅(jiān)決支持限制。

C.Oppositiontoanyrestriction.C.反對(duì)任何限制。

D.Ambiguousness.D.含混不清。

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】首先定位至第三段，作者在該段開(kāi)頭拋出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題，即“但是手機(jī)用戶周?chē)娜四?？”，然后就舉例了手機(jī)給周?chē)娜怂鶐?lái)的困擾，接著又提到了限制手機(jī)使用的支持者的觀點(diǎn)，但是作者并未在該段表露出對(duì)于限制使用手機(jī)的明顯態(tài)度，只是客觀陳述，所以從該段可以看出，作者對(duì)于手機(jī)使用的限制是中立的立場(chǎng)，該題選擇A項(xiàng)“一個(gè)中立的立場(chǎng)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)決支持限制”、C項(xiàng)“反對(duì)任何限制”和D項(xiàng)“含混不清”根據(jù)解題思路，這三項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,oneunforeseenconsequenceofhandfreeusehasbeen______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章，不用手的一個(gè)意想不到的后果是______。

A.anincreaseincellphonecostsA.手機(jī)費(fèi)用的增加

B.anincreasedincidentofunusualbehaviorB.不尋常行為的增加

C.anincreaseintrafficaccidentsC.交通事故的增加

D.adecreaseinbraincancerfromcellphoneuseD.使用手機(jī)導(dǎo)致腦癌發(fā)病率下降

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段第三、四句“作為對(duì)這些法律的回應(yīng)，以及由于使用手機(jī)通話時(shí)執(zhí)行多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的復(fù)雜性，一些公司開(kāi)發(fā)了耳機(jī)，以便用戶通話時(shí)不用手。然而，這種解決方案可能會(huì)使手機(jī)使用更加方便，從而加劇社會(huì)摩擦。”可知，“不用手”的后果是加劇社會(huì)摩擦，而從該段第二句“在一些州，開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)打電話是違法的”可知，開(kāi)車(chē)打電話容易引發(fā)交通事故，因?yàn)榻与娫捫枰粘鲆恢皇?，而耳機(jī)則是方便人們不用手就能在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)打電話，綜合理解可推斷，這種社會(huì)摩擦的加劇是指交通事故的增加，C項(xiàng)“交通事故的增加”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“不尋常行為的增加”根據(jù)第四段最后一句“現(xiàn)在可以看到許多用戶在自言自語(yǔ)——這不是精神不穩(wěn)定的表現(xiàn)——而是現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展”可知，“不用手”打電話并不是一種精神失常的表現(xiàn)，該項(xiàng)表述與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

A項(xiàng)“手機(jī)費(fèi)用的增加”和D項(xiàng)“使用手機(jī)導(dǎo)致腦癌發(fā)病率下降”沒(méi)有提到，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmustbeachievedbeforecellphoneusecanbetrulyaccepted?5.根據(jù)作者，以下哪一項(xiàng)必須達(dá)到才能真正接受手機(jī)的使用？

A.Governmentmustpasslawstipulatingtheconditionsofcellphoneuse.A.政府必須通過(guò)法律規(guī)定使用手機(jī)的條件。

B.Socialnormsonnormalcellphoneuseneedtobeadopted.B.正常使用手機(jī)的社會(huì)規(guī)范需要被采納。

C.Lawsoncellphoneusemustbeharmonizedwithsocialnorms.C.關(guān)于手機(jī)使用的法律必須與社會(huì)規(guī)范相協(xié)調(diào)。

D.Cellphoneuseshouldcontinuewithoutrestrictions.D.應(yīng)該不受限制地繼續(xù)使用手機(jī)。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章最后一句話“無(wú)論私人或公共部門(mén)對(duì)手機(jī)的使用有何限制，要真正接受和適應(yīng)第三方使用手機(jī)的負(fù)擔(dān)，社會(huì)仍有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。只有當(dāng)建立了不同的社會(huì)規(guī)范來(lái)處理普通的手機(jī)使用時(shí)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)才會(huì)變得更被接受，并被視為不那么刺激。”從中可知如果要真正接受手機(jī)的使用，就要建立不同的社會(huì)規(guī)范來(lái)處理手機(jī)的使用，B項(xiàng)“正常使用手機(jī)的社會(huì)規(guī)范需要被采納”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“政府必須通過(guò)法律規(guī)定使用手機(jī)的條件”作者沒(méi)有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“關(guān)于手機(jī)使用的法律必須與社會(huì)規(guī)范相協(xié)調(diào)”該項(xiàng)表述絕對(duì)，屬于過(guò)度推斷；

D項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該不受限制地繼續(xù)使用手機(jī)”與最后一段內(nèi)容相反，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

8.翻譯題

(1)StanBelin(斯坦?貝林)wasborninthe1930stoanurbanfamilylockedinthegripoftheGreatDepression.Hiswasafracturedfamily,oneinwhichhisparentsfoughtconstantly.Ilivedwithafeelingofimpendingdoom,hesays.Thisfeardrovehimtobeamodelchild.

Stanhasavividmemoryofonceleaningagainstabridgerailingasaboyandgazingatahandsomepartyboatpassingbelow.Hecouldseepeopleondeckenjoyingtheirouting.(2)Itwasasceneofcomfortandluxuryhecouldhardlyhaveimagined.Thatmentalpictureinfluencedtheboy’sideaofsuccess.Hisgoalsbecamemoney,power,andprestige.

Standidwellinschool.Hefoundhisgreatestacademicsuccessinhissciencecourses.Buthelackedtheconfidencetopursueamedicalcareerandturnedtodentistryasaquickerroutetohislife’sgoals.

(3)Hemarriedayoungwomanhehadknownsincehighschool,andforover20yearsStanandJanelivedalifethatmanypeoplewouldenvy.Hisreputationspread,themoneystartedrollinginandhewasappointedtoaprestigiouspositionbyhisstategovernment.Twohealthychildrenwereborn.

(4)Thefamilyhadamagnificenthouse,expensiveautomobilesandtookexoticvacations.

ThecrowningtouchforStancamewhenheboughtaluxuryyachtandsailedtothebridgewhere,asachild,hehadfirstglimpsedwhathehopedwouldbehisfuture.“ItoldJanethestory,”hesays.(5)“AsIspoke,Irealizedthatsomethingwasallwrong.IpossessedeverythingIhadeverdreamedof,butIfeltverysadandhopeless.Whatwasworse,Iknewitwouldneverchange.”

Thenintheearly1980s,adoctorfriendinvitedStantodinner.Thefriendsaidhehadbeenusingcocaineasanantidepressant.Hedescribeditasamarvelousnoaddictivedrug.Standecidedthedrugmightbejustrightforhisowndepression.

【答案】1.斯坦?貝林出生于20世紀(jì)30年代一個(gè)陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條困境之中的城市家庭。

2.這種舒適與奢侈的情景是他無(wú)法想象的。這一情景銘刻在他的腦海里，影響著他對(duì)成功的看法。

3.他娶了一位中學(xué)時(shí)代就認(rèn)識(shí)的女子為妻，20多年來(lái)，他和妻子簡(jiǎn)過(guò)著令人稱(chēng)羨的生活。

4.他們有華麗的住宅和昂貴的汽車(chē)，還常常出國(guó)度假。

5.說(shuō)話時(shí)，我忽然意識(shí)到情況很不對(duì)勁。我已擁有曾經(jīng)夢(mèng)寐以求的一切，但卻感到悲傷無(wú)望。更糟糕的是，我知道這種狀況將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變。

9.單選題

ThesecondreasonwhyMr.Liwentwrongliesinhisfailureto（）someadditionalcomplexities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takenoaccountof

B.giveanaccountof

C.turnto

D.takeintoaccount

【答案】D

【解析】takenoaccountof不考慮,不重視；giveanaccountof說(shuō)明,敘述,匯報(bào)；turnto轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于,變成；takeintoaccountof考慮。句意：李先生犯錯(cuò)的第二個(gè)原因是他沒(méi)有考慮到一些額外的復(fù)雜性。選項(xiàng)A為混淆選項(xiàng),根據(jù)failureto可知,選項(xiàng)D正確。

10.填空題

SometimesIwonderifit’s（

）ittoownacar.Nowadaysparkingissuchanightmare!

【答案】worth。

【解析】固定搭配。beworthit值得。

11.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:Saltisbadforyou—regardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.“Thereisadirectrelationship，”USCongressmanNealSmithnoted,betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn’tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.’’Dustan’smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureunderwentnochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation，”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Foranaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayesJr.admitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.’’Infact,thereisincreasingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium,obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium),genericpredisposition,stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy，”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon’tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（

）

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（

）

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（

）

4.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth.

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders.

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases.

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople.

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure.

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient.

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt.

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt.

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease.

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thatthesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thattheoriginofhypertensionisnowfound.

C.Thatthemoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Thatsaltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的文章意思，以及第三句中的“directrelationship”，可以得出選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容，試驗(yàn)中一半的高血壓患者在食用低鹽食品時(shí)血壓有所降低，可以推斷出低鹽飲食可以作為治療高血壓患者的一個(gè)方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，充足或者稍微過(guò)量的攝入鹽，會(huì)拯救更多的人，而不是只會(huì)害死人，不可能建議所有人群都禁止食用食鹽。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.信息歸納題。根據(jù)文章意思，A選項(xiàng)中的理論并未得到證實(shí)，B和D選項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。用排除法可知，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

ByeducationImeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualtoproduceapermanentchangeinthehabitsofbehavior,ofthoughtandofattitude.Itisinbeingthussusceptibletotheenvironmentthatmandiffersfromtheanimals,andthehigheranimalsfromthelower.Theloweranimalsareinfluencedbytheenvironmentbutnotinthedirectionofchangingtheirhabits.Theirinstinctiveresponsesarefewandfixedbyheredity.Whentransferredtoanunnaturalsituation,suchananimalisledastraybyitsinstincts.Thustheant-lionwhoseinstinctimpliesittoboreintoloosesandbypushingbackwardwithabdomen,goesbackwardsonaplateofglassassoonasdangerthreatens,andendeavors,withtheutmostexertionstoboreintoit.Itknowsnoothermodeoffightorifsuchalonelyanimalisengageduponachainofactionsandisinterrupted,iteithergoesonvainlywiththeremainingactions(asuselessascultivatinganunsownfield)ordiesinhelplessinactivity.Thusanet-makingspiderwhichdigsaburrowandrimsitwithabastionofgravelandbitsofwood,whenremovalfromahalf-finishedhome,willnotbeginagain,thoughitwillcontinueanotherburrow,evenonemadewithapencil.

Advancedinthescaleofevolutionalongsuchlinesasthesecouldonlybemadebytheemergenceofcreatureswithmoreandmorecomplicatedinstincts.Suchbeingsweknowintheantsandspiders.Butanotherlineofadvancewasdestinedtoopenoutamuchmorefar-reachingpossibilityofwhichwedonotseetheendperhapseveninman.Habits,insteadofbeingbornready-made(Whentheyarecalledinstinctsandnothabitsatall)wereleftmoreandmoretotheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment,ofwhichthemostimportantfactorwastheparentwhonowcaredfortheyounganimalduringaperiodofinfancyinwhichvaguerinstinctsthanthoseoftheinsectsweremodeledtosuitsurroundingswhichmightbeconsiderablychangedwithoutharm.

Thismeans,onemightatfirstimagine,thatgraduallyhereditybecomeslessandenvironmentmoreimportant.Butthisishardlythetruthandcertainlynotthewholetruth.Foralthoughfixedautomaticresponseslikethoseoftheinsect-likecreaturesarenolongerinherited,althoughselectionforpurificationofthatsortisnolongergoingon,yetselectionforeducabilityisverydefinitelystillofimportance.Theabilitytoacquirehabitscanconceivablyinheritjustasmuchascandefiniteresponsestonarrowsituations.Environmentandheredityareinnocaseexclusivebutalwayssupplementaryfactors.

58.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

59.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexampleoftheant-lion?

60.Basedontheexampleprovidedinthepassage,wecantellthatwhenaspiderisremovedtoanewpositionwherehalfofanethasbeenmade,itwillprobably____.

61.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouthabits?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEvolutionofInsects.

B.EnvironmentandHeredity.

C.Education:TheInfluenceoftheEnvironment.

D.TheInstinctsofAnimals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Instinctsofanimalscanleadtounreasonablereactionsofanimalsinastrangesituation.

B.Whenitisengagedinachainactionsitcannotbeinterrupted.

C.Environmentandheredityaretwosupplementaryfactorsintheevolutionofinsects.

D.Alongthelinesofevolutionhereditybecomeslessandenvironmentmoreimportant.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.beginacompletenet

B.destroythehalf-madenet

C.spintherestofthenet

D.stayawayfromthenet

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarenaturalendowmentstolivingcreature.

B.Theyaremoreimportantthaninstinctstoallanimals.

C.Theyaresubjecttheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment.

D.Theyaredestinedtoopenoutamuchmorefar-reachingpossibilityintheevolutionofhumanbeings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】58.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。這是一篇科技性的文章，從文中內(nèi)容可知，作者是在講外部環(huán)境和遺傳是互補(bǔ)的因素，主要是為了說(shuō)明兩個(gè)生物和