初中定語從句專項講解與練習(xí)

1、定語從句（初中）在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包才that,which,who（賓格whom,所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。三、定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補(bǔ)充

2、說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1 .that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語。例如：Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.（that作主語）Thecoat（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.（that作賓語）2 .which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語。例如：Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.（作主語）Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.（作賓語）3 .who,whom用于指人，who用

3、作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時可用who代替whom.例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.（作主語）Whoistheteacher（whom）LiMingistalkingto?（作賓語）注意：1）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語時，who、that、which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時，只能用"介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)（此時關(guān)系代詞不能用that代替）。例如：Thisisthehouse（which/that）welivedinlastyear.（可?。㏕hisisthehouseinwhichw

4、elivedlastyear.（不可省，關(guān)系彳詞不可用that）Pleasetellme（whom/that）youborrowedtheEnglishnovelfrom.（可?。㏄leasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.（不可省，關(guān)系代詞不可用that）2）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIh

5、avebeento.b.被修飾的先行詞為all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代詞時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?=Ididn'tunderstandthewordsallthathesaid.c.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few,no,just等詞修飾時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.這就是我丟的那輛自行

6、車。d.先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？f.主句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that,而不用which.例如：ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。3)關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that的情況：a.先行詞為that,th

7、ose時，用which,而不用that.例如：What'sthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，一般用which,而不用that.例如：(同(1)Thisistheroominwhichhelives.這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which,而不用that.例如：Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法(1) when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.這是他到達(dá)的時間。(2

8、) where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：Thisisplacewhereheworks.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。(3) why指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲至1J注意："介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)有時可與其他關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞互相轉(zhuǎn)換Thatisthehousewheremyfatherusedtolive.=Thatisthehousewhichmymotherusedtolivein.=Thatisthehouseinwhic

9、hmymotherusedtolive.上句中：inwhich=where六：練習(xí)(一)1 .?DidyoufindthenotebookJimhadgivenmeformybirthday?A.who?B.?whom?C.which?D.whose2 .That'sallIhaveseenandheard.?A.which?B.that?C.where?D.what3 .Haveyouseenthemanplanweweretalkingaboutyesterday?A.?who,them?B.its,them?C.whose,/?D.whose,them4 .TheOscariso

10、neofthefilmprizesofferedtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.?A.whicharenot?B.thathavenotbeen?C.thathasnot?D.thathasnotbeen5 .Heneverreadsanythingisnotworthreading.?A.that?B.as?C.who?D.which6 .Themancoatisblackiswaitingatthegate.?A.who's?B.whose?C.that?D.ofwhich7 .cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst.?A.

11、Anyone?B.thosewho?C.However?D.Theonewho8 .Thepolicecaughtthemanstolemyhandbag.?A.he?B.that?C.whom?D.which9 .Thegirlisreadingunderthetreemysister.?A.which,is?B.whom,was?C.who,is?D.who,was10 .GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher?lovedclimbing.?A.who?B.whom?C.he?D.which11 .Don'ttalkaboutsuchthingsofyou

12、arenotsure.?A.whichB.whatC.asD.Those12.Isthisthefactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone?13.IsthisfactorysomeforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone?14.Isthisthefactoryheworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone?15.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplacescouldn&

13、#39;tbefound.?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat?16.Canyoulendmethenoveltheotherday?A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutit?C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout17.Isthereanythingtoyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongs?C.thatbelongD.whichbelongs?18 .-“Howdoyoulikethebook?"?-"It'squitedifferentfromIre

14、adlastmonth."?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat?19 .Theywereinterestedyoutoldthem.?A.inwhichB.inthatC.allthatD.ineverything?20 .-Doyouknowthetownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeIhere.?A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming?初中英語定語從句練習(xí)題（二）1.IstillrememberthenightIfirstcametothehouse.2.I'llneverforgetthe

15、daywemeteachotherlastweek.3.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,isthebestseasonthere.4.IwillneverforgetthedaysIspentwithyourfamily.1.1 'llneverforgetthelastdaywespenttogether.6 .ThisistheschoolIusedtostudy.7 .Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedlastweek?8 .Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedthepaint

16、ingexhibition?9 .HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,isfamousfortheWestLake?10 .HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou,liestheWestLake?11 .TomwillgotoShanghai,livehistwobrothers.12 .IliveinBeijing,isthecapitalofChina.13.TherewasatimetherewereslavesintheUSA.14.Itisthethirdtimeyouhavemadethesamemistake.15.ItwasinthestreetIme

17、tJohnyesterday.1.1 Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.17 .ThemomentIsawyou,Irecognized（認(rèn)出）you.18 .Thisistheverynovelaboutwe'vetalkedsomuch.19 .Thisisthewayhedidit.20 .Whoisthestudentwaslateforschooltoday?初中英語定語從句練習(xí)題（三）將下列每組句子改寫為帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句。1 .Thenurseisverykind.Shelooksaftermysister.2 .WewatchedtheplayTeahouse”.TheplayTeah