翻譯題型的三大考點(diǎn)1.ppt

翻譯題型有三大考點(diǎn)： 1. 固定搭配考點(diǎn)： 這是翻譯中的最為核心的考點(diǎn)。比如說名詞與動(dòng)詞搭配，形容詞與名詞搭配，動(dòng)詞與副詞的修飾關(guān)系，名詞與介詞搭配，更為重要的是常見的固定詞組以及固定表達(dá)，這些都可能成為本次考試的命題重點(diǎn)。 例：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功歸因于) natural talent.(大綱樣題)。,2. 核心語法考點(diǎn)： 這部分語法考點(diǎn)大多數(shù)是以前詞匯語法考題考點(diǎn)的重現(xiàn)和轉(zhuǎn)移。核心語法考點(diǎn)最重要的虛擬語氣，其次是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、從句知識(shí)、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語動(dòng)詞等。 例1：The professor required that _ (我們交研究報(bào)告) by Wednesday .(真題) 例2：Not only _ (他向我收費(fèi)過高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. (大綱樣題),虛擬語氣 第一種：由 “ if ”引導(dǎo)的虛擬句子 (1). 與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反：If - + were/did-, - + would do- If I were you , I would marry him. (2). 與過去的事實(shí)相反：If - + had done-, - +would have done- If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam. (3). 與將來的事實(shí)可能相反：If -+ should do-, -+ would do- If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?,第二種：用在表示要求、建議、命令等的名詞從句中 從句謂語形式為：“-(should ) + do sth 類似用法的動(dòng)詞有： insist (堅(jiān)持) , suggest (建議) , order(命令) , propose (建議) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建議) , desire (要求、請(qǐng)求) , request (請(qǐng)求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (寧愿), recommend(推薦) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 擁護(hù)、提倡) ,maintain(堅(jiān)決主張)等后面的賓語從句中。,第三種： 用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等) + that -”結(jié)構(gòu)中,第四種： 用在It is time that - 結(jié)構(gòu)中, 表示“該干某事了”, 含建議的意思, 用動(dòng)詞過去式。 e.g. It is time (that) we went to bed . 注意: time 前可加about (表示“大約”) 或high(表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”) 等。,倒裝句 so/such.that用于句首時(shí)，后面要倒裝 So little did he know about the subject that he had to stay up preparing for the exam. as, though, no matter how （what）, however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語時(shí)，從句需倒裝 Young as he is, he has accomplished a lot. However cold it is, he will go swimming in the lake. 用于so, neither, nor后面 He didnt go to the concert, neither did his family.,表示否定意義的詞如no, hardly, never, scarcely, seldom, barely, rarely, no longer, not until, no sooner.than，hardly.when, not only.but also, not, little, at no time, by no means（決不）, on no account（決不）, in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances等放在句首時(shí)后面主謂要倒裝。 On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals in the zoo. Hardly had I arrived when a quarrel broke out. Only + adverb（副詞）, prepositional phrase（介詞短語）, adverbial clause（狀語從句）置于句首時(shí)，后面的主謂需要倒裝。 Only in this way can we hope to solve the problem of environmental pollution.,3. 核心動(dòng)詞以及動(dòng)詞短語的考查: 例：Though a skilled worker, _ _(他被公司解雇了).（真題）,四級(jí)翻譯解題方法： 第一步：首先快速瀏覽句子，先看英語，從而判斷劃線處所填句子的形式、時(shí)態(tài)。 第二步：看括號(hào)里面的漢語，以核心謂語動(dòng)詞為切入點(diǎn)，找準(zhǔn)主謂賓、分清定狀補(bǔ)。 第三步：先翻譯主謂賓、后翻譯定狀補(bǔ)。動(dòng)詞注意時(shí)態(tài)，名詞注意單復(fù)數(shù)。 第四步：檢查，潤(rùn)色,2006年6月 四級(jí)翻譯題 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _ _(找到去歷史博物館的路). 88. _(為了掙錢供我上學(xué))， Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 89. The professor required that _(我們交研究報(bào)告)。 90. The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂). 91. Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了).,參考答案： 87.finding the way to the history museum 88. In order to support my studies (to finance my education) 89. we hand in our research report(s) 90. the more confused I am 91. he was fired by the company,2006年12月 四級(jí)翻譯題 1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to _(適應(yīng)不同文化中的生活). 2.Since my childhood I have found that_ _ (沒有什么比讀書對(duì)我更有吸引力). 3.The victim _(本來會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)活下來) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 4.Some psychologists claim that people _ _(出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)). 5.The nations population continues to rise _ _(以每年1200萬人的速度).,答案 1. adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures 2. nothing is more attractive to me than reading 3. would have a chance to survive/of survival 4. may feel lonely when they are away from home 5. at a speed of 12 million per year,2007年6月 四級(jí)翻譯題 87. The finding of this study failed to _ _ (將人們的睡眠質(zhì)量考慮在內(nèi)). 88. The prevent and treatment of AIDS is _ _ (我們可以合作的領(lǐng)域). 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete_ _ (決定退出比賽). 90. To make donations or for more information, please_ _ (按以下地址和我們聯(lián)系). 91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning_ _ (如果你方便的話).,參考答案 87. take peoples sleep quality into account 88. the field where we can cooperate / the field in which we can cooperate 89. decided to quit the match 90. contact us at the following address 91. if it is convenient for you / at your convenience,2007年12月 四級(jí)翻譯題 87. _ (多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明), doctors can treat this disease successfully. 88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _ (我比以前更容易累了). 89. I am going to pursue this course, _ (無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲). 90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _ (它更加方便和省時(shí)). 91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _ _ (是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的), not how much they can earn,參考答案 87. Owing to (thanks to) a series of new inventions 88.I am apt to / inclined to be more easily tired than before 89. no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make 90. the latter is more convenient and time-saving 91.is weighed upon how much they can borrow,練習(xí) 1I have had great deal of trouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同學(xué)) 2_(我們沒有人料到主席會(huì)出現(xiàn)) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. 3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(正如預(yù)料的那樣). 4. Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much_(是一門科學(xué)，也是一門藝術(shù)). 5. Some women _(本來能夠掙一份很好的工資) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.,答案: 1.keeping up with the rest of the class. 2. none of us expected the chairman to turn up 3. as was to be expected 4. an art as it is a science 5. could have made a good salary.,練習(xí) 6Over a third of the population was estimated_(無法獲得) to the health service. 7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_(習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到) his lecture. 8. The price of beer_(從50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season. 9.Wed like _(預(yù)訂一張餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 10. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(想找麻煩).,答案 6. to have no access 7. to students being late for 8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to $4 9. to reserve a table for 10. to make trouble,練習(xí) 11.The students _ （有權(quán)進(jìn)入） the library only in the afternoon. 12. （我們都很同情） _the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. 13. （如果我有錢了） _, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 14.The soldiers_ （非常疲累由于沒有休息一直向前走） in a blizzard. 15.No one likes _ （被當(dāng)作） a poltroon.,答案 11.have access to 12. We all sympathized with 13. If I were rich 14.are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest. 15.to be regarded as,練習(xí) 16: The truck driver is _(對(duì)這起交通事故負(fù)全責(zé)). 17:In the court, the defendant _(聲稱自己是清白的). 18:Unemployed, John _(幾乎無法維持生計(jì)). 19:_(中國(guó)政府聲明任何情況下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 20:_(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first.,答案： 16: responsible for the traffic accident. 17: claims himself innocent 18: nearly couldnt live on himself 19: Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China 20: If you want to be respected by others,練習(xí) 21.there is no rush now - _ (比賽已經(jīng)取消了). 22. Im not supposed to let anyone in without a card, _ (但對(duì)你我就破一次例). 23. _ (我們得把休假日推遲) until youre better. 24. Dont bother carrying all those things, _ (我本不想給你添許多麻煩). 25. _ (我不大想去參加那個(gè)聚會(huì)), but Id better put in an appearance.,答案： 21. the match has been cancelled 22. but Ill make an exception in your case 23. well have to put off (going on) vacation 24. I didnt mean to give/bring you a lot of trouble 25. I dont really want to go to the party,練習(xí)： 26.Animal experiments will continue to be necessary to resolve existing medical problems _( 盡管一些人公開反對(duì) ). 27.Professor Clark was a bit strict with us, _( 但我們確實(shí)從他那里學(xué)到了