12在課堂教學(xué)中開展合作學(xué)習(xí)課件

在課堂教學(xué)中開展合作學(xué)習(xí)

CooperativeLearning

inClassroomsCooperativeLearning

inClassroomsWhat’sCooperativelearning？WhydoweuseCooperativelearning？ElementsofCooperativelearningCooperativelearningactivitiesinclassrooms課堂教學(xué)中的合作學(xué)習(xí)為什么是合作學(xué)習(xí)？為什么要進(jìn)行合作學(xué)習(xí)？合作學(xué)習(xí)的基本要素課堂中的合作學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)合作學(xué)習(xí)

CooperativeLearning

合作學(xué)習(xí)理論吸收了認(rèn)知學(xué)派、行為主義學(xué)派和人本主義學(xué)派的思想，是指“學(xué)生為了達(dá)到一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)或完成一個(gè)共同的任務(wù)，在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)，開展的小組活動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)過程。

PAIRWORKGROUPWORKThreebasicways

studentscaninteractwitheachotherastheylearnTheycancompetetoseewhois"best".Theycanworkindividualisticallytowardagoalwithoutpayingattentiontootherstudents.Theycanworkcooperativelywithavestedinterestineachother'slearningaswellastheirown.學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)生之間交互的三種基本方式競爭，看誰“最棒”；為實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人目標(biāo)，獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)，完全不關(guān)注他人；合作學(xué)習(xí)，象關(guān)注個(gè)人的成就一樣，關(guān)注同伴的學(xué)習(xí)。

Withoutthecooperationofitsmemberssocietycannotsurvive,andthesocietyofmanhassurvivedbecausethecooperativenessofitsmembersmadesurvivalpossible

AshleyMontagu

Cooperation

沒有全體社會(huì)成員的合作，這個(gè)社會(huì)就不能存在。人類社會(huì)的生存正是由于其全體成員的通力合作才使這生存成為可能…AshleyMontagu

合作CooperativeLearning

Cooperativelearningisasuccessfulteachingstrategyinwhichsmallteams,eachwithstudentsofdifferentlevelsofability,useavarietyoflearningactivitiestoimprovetheirunderstandingofasubject.合作學(xué)習(xí) 合作學(xué)習(xí)是一種成功的教學(xué)策略。以小型團(tuán)隊(duì)方式進(jìn)行的合作學(xué)習(xí)能夠使具有不同能力水平的每一位學(xué)生參與多樣化的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)，提高他們對(duì)所學(xué)學(xué)科的理解。WhyuseCooperativeLearning?Researchhasshownthatcooperativelearningtechniques:promotestudentlearningandacademicachievementincreasestudentretentionenhancestudentsatisfactionwiththeirlearningexperiencehelpstudentsdevelopskillsinoralcommunicationdevelopstudents'socialskillspromotestudentself-esteemhelptopromotepositiveracerelations

為什么要進(jìn)行合作學(xué)習(xí)?研究證明，在教學(xué)中進(jìn)行合作學(xué)習(xí)，能夠:提升學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)能力和成績水平增強(qiáng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的持久性提高學(xué)生對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)的滿意和成就感幫助學(xué)生發(fā)展口頭的交際能力發(fā)展學(xué)生的社會(huì)交往能力提高學(xué)生的自尊心有助于提高學(xué)生形成樂觀積極的態(tài)度ElementsofCooperativeLearning

Itisonlyundercertainconditionsthatcooperativeeffortsmaybeexpectedtobemoreproductivethancompetitiveandindividualisticefforts.Thoseconditionsare:PositiveInterdependence

Face-to-FaceInteraction

Individual&GroupAccountabilityInterpersonal&Small-GroupSkillsGroupProcessing

ElementsofCooperativeLearning合作學(xué)習(xí)的基本要素只有在一定的條件下，合作學(xué)習(xí)才比個(gè)人努力或人際競爭更加有效。這些條件是：積極和諧的氛圍面對(duì)面的人際交流個(gè)人和團(tuán)隊(duì)的責(zé)任感人與人、組與組間的交互技能有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作過程

PositiveInterdependence(sinkorswimtogether)Eachgroupmember'seffortsarerequiredandindispensableforgroupsuccess.Eachgroupmemberhasauniquecontributiontomaketothejointeffortbecauseofhisorherresourcesand/orroleandtaskresponsibilities.積極和諧的氛圍(同甘共苦)每一位成員的努力對(duì)于小組的成功都是重要和不可缺少的每一位成員在共同的努力中都具有獨(dú)特的貢獻(xiàn)（如：提供的資源，扮演的角色，承擔(dān)的任務(wù)…）RoundtablebrainstormingTask:Setupawordbank

Everydaylife(verbphrasesgetup,watchTV…)Eachmemberwritesdownaverbphraseonthepieceofpaper.Howmanyphrases?Sharingtheinformationinclass(listen)Enlargerthewordbank(talk&write)Start,Stop頭腦風(fēng)暴將要學(xué)的內(nèi)容與已知相聯(lián)系任務(wù):建立詞匯銀行

Everydaylife（每日生活）(verbphrases：getup,watchTV…)每人在小組傳遞的紙上寫一個(gè)關(guān)于每日生活的動(dòng)詞短語.（想、讀、寫）統(tǒng)計(jì)各組所寫的動(dòng)詞短語數(shù)量?在全班分享信息(說、聽)擴(kuò)大個(gè)人和同伴的詞匯銀行(說、寫)圓桌活動(dòng)vocabulary

phrasesDoyouknowtheseanimals?Doyouknowtheseanimals?

Goodmemory!

Watch,memorize,talk,win

Groupthelivingthings!Cando,kinds(animal,birds,insect,)Doyouknowtheseanimals?Read-write-pair-share（writeincircles）

Ananimalisalivingcreaturesuchasadog,lion,orrabbit,ratherthanabird,fish,insect,orhumanbeing.Anylivingcreatureotherthanahumanbeingcanbereferredtoasananimal.Anylivingcreature,includingahumanbeing,canbereferredtoasananimal.Face-to-FaceInteraction(promoteeachother'ssuccess)OrallyexplaininghowtosolveproblemsTeachingone'sknowledgetootherCheckingforunderstandingDiscussingconceptsbeinglearnedConnectingpresentwithpastlearning

面對(duì)面的人際交流(提升每人的成功)口頭解釋如何解決問題把自己的所知傳授給他人核實(shí)雙方對(duì)問題的理解討論目前所學(xué)的概念將目前所學(xué)的概念與已知相聯(lián)系

Cooperativeactivitiesinteachers’training

OrallyexplaininghowtosolveproblemsA.學(xué)生使用手機(jī)的益處與問題B.學(xué)生使用手機(jī)問題的聽證會(huì)Writedownthekeywords口頭解釋如何解決問題A.學(xué)生使用手機(jī)的益處與問題B.學(xué)生使用手機(jī)問題的聽證會(huì)小組討論中寫下關(guān)鍵詞Individual&GroupAccountability

(nohitchhiking!nosocialloafing!)

Keepingthesizeofthegroupsmall.Thesmallerthesizeofthegroup,thegreatertheindividualaccountabilitymaybe.Givinganindividualtesttoeachstudent.Observingeachgroupandrecordingthefrequencywithwhicheachmember-contributestothegroup'swork.Havingstudentsteachwhattheylearnedtosomeoneelse.個(gè)人和團(tuán)隊(duì)的責(zé)任感(無搭車)

保持團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)模。團(tuán)隊(duì)越小，每個(gè)成員的責(zé)任越大；獨(dú)立評(píng)價(jià)每位成員的工作；記錄每位成員對(duì)小組成就的貢獻(xiàn)小組成員之間分享個(gè)人所掌握的知識(shí)Individual&GroupAccountability

(nohitchhiking!nosocialloafing!)Interpersonal&

Small-GroupSkillsSocialskillsmustbetaught:LeadershipDecision-makingTrust-buildingCommunicationConflict-managementskills人與人、組與組間的交互技能學(xué)習(xí)和掌握社會(huì)交際的能力：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力做出決策建立信任相互交流辯論技能Interpersonal&

Small-GroupSkillsJobinterviewLearninghowtoworktogetherMakingaplanDiscussionEyecontactWhatyousaidimpressedmealot,but…人與人、組與組間的交互技能謀職面試學(xué)會(huì)合作的基本技能制定計(jì)劃討論問題注視對(duì)方……“Whatyousaidimpressedmealot,but…”GroupProcessingGroupmembersdiscusshowwelltheyareachievingtheirgoalsandmaintainingeffectiveworkingrelationshipsDescribewhatmemberactionsarehelpfulandnothelpfulMakedecisionsaboutwhatbehaviorstocontinueorchange有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作過程討論決定如何成功的達(dá)成目標(biāo)并保持有效的合作關(guān)系確保每位成員承擔(dān)具體的任務(wù)和明確的責(zé)任調(diào)整合作的進(jìn)程，使之更加有效GroupProcessing有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作過程Speaking:ShoppingWriting:MymotherWriting:EditingWhowillreport?Howmanypoints?GroupProcessingGroupProcessingDramalessonSettherulesDiscusstherulesingroupsReadandshareQuestionSettherulesGroupProcessing戲劇表演課制定戲劇表演的規(guī)則分組討論制定規(guī)則在全班宣讀、分享、統(tǒng)計(jì)質(zhì)疑、討論確定班級(jí)的戲劇表演的規(guī)則有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作過程課堂中的合作學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)NumberedHeads

1234CooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomThink-Pair-Share

Involvesathreestepcooperativestructure.

Duringthefirststepindividualsthinksilentlyaboutaquestionposedbytheinstructor.Individualspairupduringthesecondstepandexchangethoughts.

Inthethirdstep,thepairssharetheirresponseswithotherpairs,otherteams,ortheentiregroup.CooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomAllSsneedpencilandpapertoplaythisgame.TheTwritesaletterontheboard,andshouts,"Startthebus."Thestudentsthenwritedownasmanywordsbeginningwiththisletterastheycanthinkof.Whentheteachershoutsout,"Stopthebus!"everyonehastostopwriting.Thestudentsallgetonepointforeachword.Thegroupthathasthemostwords

wins.StoptheBusvocabularyCooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomPracticeforalltensesyouhavestudied.Withemphasisonthe"time"touseeachtense.Studentsmustuseaverb,andanexpressionoftimeforeach.Student1:"Yesterday,Iboughtasandwichforlunch".

Student2:"Ohreally?Ialways

buyasandwich".

Student3:"Ohreally?Iwillprobablybuyonetomorrow".

Student4:"Ohreally?Lookatme,Iambuyingonerightnow".

Student5:Iwouldhaveboughtoneyesterday,hadIhadthemoney(advancedstudent,3rdconditional)

andsoonthenchangetheverbandgoaroundagain.THE"OHREALLY"GAMEgrammartensesCooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomSs1writesnounslearnedinthelesson.Thegroupmemberswrite4-5nounsthatrelatetothenounIfthegroupaddpicturestothewords,thesheetscanbeusedinaclassroomdisplay.NounStarverbstarvocabularynounsrelatednounspollutionnoisechemicalsdustsmokerubbish/garbage/wastestigerheadlegsfurtailsharpteethCooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomSs1writesverbslearnedinthelesson.Thegroupmemberswritetheotherpartsofthesentence.Readthefunnysentencesinclass.SentenceStar

grammarverbsHeavyindustrypollutesourriverswithchemicals.Anengineerisfixingabigmachineangrily.CooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomShowyourstudentsapicture.Askstudentstowriteaboutthepictureingroups,using“thereis/are”.Sharethesentencesinclass.

Thereis/thereareGame

grammarThereisalakeinthepark.Therearethreeboatsonthelake.Therearesomepeopleplayinginthepark.Thereisamanwhoiswearingabluejacket,runningalongthelake.

Thereis/areGame

grammarCooperativeLearningActivitiesinClassroomGiveeachstudentasheetofpaperandaskthemtowritethefirstsentenceofhis/herstoryatthetopofthepage.Itmayb