2023屆黑龍江省大慶市高三二模英語試題（含答案解析）

2023屆黑龍江省大慶市高三二模英語試題

學校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

NorthernIreland'scapitalandlargestcity-Belfast-hasbecomeatoptouristdestination.

Hereareafewoftheattractionsthatbringinguestsfromaroundtheglobe.

BotanicGardens

BelfastBotanicGardensstartedoutasaprivateparkin1828butopenedtothepublicin

1895.Constructiononthegarden'sfamousPalmHouse,abuildingofglassandiron,started

inthe1830s.Awidevarietyofplantscanbefoundthere,includingonethatisover400years

old!Open:9:00am-4:30pm.(ClosedfromNov.15thtoFeb.15thnextyear.)

Admission:Individual:$9(adult),$5(kidunder14)

Family:$21(Parents&upto3kids)

BelfastCityHall

Belfast'sCityHall,locatedinthecenterofthecity,isagoodplacetobegintouring.The

grandbuilding,whichopenedin1906,housesexhibitsthatarerelatedtoBelfast'spolitics

andgovernment.Outside,thegardensarefullofimpressivestatuesandmemorials.

Open:8:00am-5:30pm.(ClosedonDec.23rd-25th&Jan.1st-3rd.)

Admission:Individual:$10(adult),$6(kidunder14)

Family:$24(Parents&upto3kids)

UlsterMuseum

ThelargestmuseuminNorthernIrelandisBelfasfssplendidUlsterMuseum.Ithasbeen

calledNorthernIreland'streasurehouseofthepastandpresent.Frommummiestomoon

rocks,themuseumpossessesimpressiveart,naturalscienceandhistorycollections.

Open:Weekdays:8:00am-5:30pm.Weekends:10:00am-3:30pm.

Admission:Individual:$8(adult),$4(kidunder14)

Family:$19(Parents&upto3kids)

St.George'sMarket

Award-winningSt.George'sMarketwasbuiltinthe1890sandisBelfast^last

remainingmarkethousedinaVictorianbuilding.Visitorswillfindapproximately200stands

sellingfood,clothes,antiques,craftsandmore.Goearlyforthemarkefsfamousbreakfast,

andtryaspecialtycoffeeorteawhilelisteningtolivemusic.

Open:Weekends:5:30am-3:30pm.

Admission:FREE

1.AtwhattimecanBotanicGardensbevisited?

A.8:30am,Mar.24th.B.9:30am,May7th.C.12:15pm,Nov.30thD.5:00pm,July

17th.

2.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder14payforadmissiontoBelfastCity

Hall?

A.$16.B.$22.C.$24.D.$32.

3.Wheremayyouobserveitemsfromspace?

A.UlsterMuseum.B.BotanicGardens.C.BelfastCityHall.D.St.George's

Market.

Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliableandcheerypresencein

hisneighborhood.

Since2010,Merritthasbeentryingtoachievethemissiontocyclethecircumference

（周長）oftheEarth—24,901miles—withouteverleavinghisownneighborhood.Asa

result,Merrittgottoknowmanyofhisneighbors.UpuntilOctober24,（2021）,henever

realizedthathisdailybicycletripswereasimportanttothemastheyweretohim.

At3p.m.,nearly200peoplegatherednearhishometosuipriseandcongratulateMerritt

ontheendingofhis“round-the-world“adventure,andalargetrophy（獎杯）wasplacedinhis

arms.66Ifsjustunbelievable.Icouldn'thaveimaginedanythinglikethis,“hesaid.

11yearsago,whenhissonKevinbroughtabike,Alstartedcyclingaround.Atfirst,his

rideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12miles,andgraduallythelengthofhisoutings

grew.Astimewentby,hebegantothinkbig-thecircumferenceoftheEarth.Bytheendof

2020,hehadcovered21,565milesintotalandknewhecouldcompletehisgoalbytheendof

2021.

TherewasnocelebrationofthegoalplanneduntilNatalieLondonandTaylorPiecity

camealong.TheywerevisitingLondon'smomwhenMerrittflewbyonhisbike.Attracted

byhisstory,theywalkedovertointroducethemselves.WhentheydiscoveredMerrittwas

justweeksawayfromcompletinghisgoal,theyaskediftheycouldfilmashortdocumentary.

“Wewantedtotellthestoryofthisguy.WhatMerrittrepresentsishowanindividuafs

smallactscanchangeanentirecommunity,saidLondon.Tocelebratethecompletionof

試卷第2頁，共10頁

Merritt'scy-clinggoal,theysecretlyprintedupflyersandplacedthemondoorstepsfor

severalblocks.Buteventheyweresurprisedatthehugecrowdthatgathered.

AlthoughMerritthasnowachievedhisgoal,hehasnoplanstochangetheroutinethat

hasbe-comethehighlightofhisdailylife.

4.WhatcanweknowaboutAlMerritt?

A.Hebicycleswithlotsofneighbors.B.Hebeganhistaskduringhisseventies.

C.Hewasawardedatrophybyhisclub.D.Hevisitedvariousplacesaroundthe

world.

5.HowdidMerrittgettheideaof“round-the-world”adventure?

A.Hewaspersuadedbyneighbors.B.Hissonmadeapracticalsuggestion.

C.Hisphysicalcapabilityimprovedgradually.D.Hewatchedaninspiringdocumentary.

6.What'sthepurposeoffilmingthisshortdocumentary?

A.Toshareunforgettableexperiences.B.Topromoteahealthyoutdoorsport.

C.Tostimulatepositivelifeattitudes.D.Toshowaharmoniouscommunity.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Aseniorbikeracer.B.Anunexpectedharvest.

C.Asuccessfulbigadventure.D.Aneighborhoodinspiration.

Farbeloweverytownandcityliesaninvisiblenetworkofpipescrucialtothelivesof

theirresidents.Oncewaterdisappearsdownapipeortoilet,it'soutofsight,outofmind.The

waterflowsintocontainersthatcarryrainwater,wastewaterandsolidwasteaway.Thereare

threemaintypesofsewers（下水道）：sanitarysewers,stormsewersandcombinedsewers.

Amongthem,sanitarysewersfunctionasacity'sveins（靜脈）.Watercontaininghumanand

industrialwasteiscollectedinsanitarysewersandcarriedtowastewatertreatmentplants.

There,thesolidwasteisseparatedfromthewater,whichisthenpurifiedbeforebeing

releasedbackintotheenvironment.Itwillbereusedforindustrial,agriculturalor

environmentalpuiposes.Furthermore,thegasfromwatertreatmentcanbeusedtoproduce

energy.Theynotonlycontributetoahealthyenvironmentandgoodqualityoflife,butalso

achievethegoalofsustainabledevelopment.

Whilewastewatercollectionandtreatmentarecriticaltothehealthofurbanresidents,

stormsewersalsoplayanimportantrole.Inurbanareas,greenhasgivenwaytoconcrete.As

aconsequence,therehasbeenalossoftheland'snaturalwaterretentionasconcretecannot

takeinrain-water.Whenanextremeweathereventcausesheavyrain,stormsewersmust

copewiththewater,soitdoesnotfloodthecity.However,stormsewersareonlypartofthe

solutiontowatermanagementandfloodprevention.

Toreduceflooding,anintegratedurbanmanagementplanhasbeenadopted,whereall

thefactors-stormsewers,landplanningandeconomicdevelopment-areconsidered

together.Engineeringinnovations,additionalfacilitiesandincreasedgreenspace

requirementsinnewdevelopmentprojectshaveimprovedwaterretentionincities.

Sewershelpimproveurbanpublichealth,preventurbanfloodingandboost

environmentalprotection.Togethertheyprotectvitalwaterresourcesandmaintainthesafety

ofpeopleandproperty.

8.What'sthefunctionofsanitarysewers?

A.Cleaningdirtywater.B.Collectingsolidwaste.

C.Deliveringusedwater.D.Producingusefulgas.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retention“inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Absorption.B.Treatment.C.Purification.D.Distribution.

10.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingparagraph4?

A.Toexplainacomplicatedtheory.B?Toprovidesupportingfacts.

C.Toraiseimprovedsuggestions.D.Todescribearecentphenomenon.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.UrbanUnseenNetworkB.ModemCity'sManagement

C.ExtremeWeather'sSolutionD.Wastewater'sPotentialThreat

Inahigh-techlabonJohn'sHopkinsUniversity'sHomewoodcampusinMaryland,

engineershavebeenbuildingarobotthatmaybeabletostitch（縫針）backtogetherthe

brokentissuesinyourstomachandevenyourbrain,nodoctorneeded.

Therobothasahigh-techcameraononearmandahigh-techsewingmachineona

secondarm.Thegoalistodevelop,inthenextseveralyears,arobotthatmakesthedelicate

workmoreconsistent.

Therobot,knownasSmartTissueAutonomousRobot,orSTAR,whichisrunbya

highlyadvancedcomputerprogram,willadvancetechnologycurrentlyinwideusein

operatingrooms.Therobotcompletesaboutastitchaminute,slightlyslowerthanahuman

surgeon.Butthetestssofarhaveshownmoreconsistencythanwhatthehumanscanachieve.

試卷第4頁，共10頁

Longhoursoftraditionalsurgerycancausehumanhandstogettiredandtremble,which

maycauseaccidentsduringanoperation.RobertLanger,anengineer,saidtheroboticarm

couldchangethewaysurgeriesaredone.Hehashelpedfounddozensofbiotechcompanies

includingGalenRobotics.TheroboticarmbeingdevelopedbyHopkinsengineersisthis

company'sproduct.

GalenCEOBruceLichorowiccomparedtheroboticarmtofutureforsurgeons,sayingit

increasestheirstability,reducestirednessandpreventscramps(抽搐)duringlongsurgeries,

allofwhichleadtosafersurgeries.

GalenRoboticshasitsrootsinresearchfromJohnsHopkinsUniversity,butthe

companyhadbeenbasedinSiliconValleyuntil2019."Thecompanycurrentlyemploysabout

40people,abouthalfofwhomhaveadvanceddegreesfromJohnsHopkins,“saidLichorowic,

addingthatthecompanyplanstogrowto60positionsbytheendoftheyear.

Galen'sroboticarmisnotforsaleyet,butLichorowicsaidthecompanyexpectsto

submitanapplicationtotheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)laterthisyear.

12.WhatcanSTARdo?

A.Shortenoperationtime.B.Replacehumansurgeons.

C.Makeoperationssmooth.D.Advancemedicalstudies.

13.WhatdoesLichorowicthinkofSTAR?

A.Flexible.B.High-cost.C.Promising.D.Unpredictable.

14.WhatcanweknowaboutGalenRobotics?

A.ItissponsoredbyJohn'sHopkinsUniversity.B.ItstillhasitsbaseinSiliconValleynow.

C.Itsrobotarmwillbereleasedlaterthisyear.D.Itisscheduledtoexpandwithinthisyear.

15.Inwhichcolumnisthistextmostlikelytoappear?

A.Mind&Brain.B.Health&Technology.C.Business&

Investment.D.Physics&Medicine.

二、七選五

Manypetownersdesiretotalkwiththeiranimals.Afterall,ifpetswereabletotalk,

peoplecouldtakecareofthemmoreeasilyandhavecloseremotionalconnectionstothem,so

anumberofcompaniesareworkingondevicesandappsthatcouldhelpunderstandwhat

animalshavetosay.

OnesuchappiscalledMeowTalk.16Forexample,onetypeofsoundmight

mean4tfeedme“whileanothercouldbetranslated“l(fā)etmeoutside.^^Theappcanusemachine

learningtoassessitstranslationsandimproveatidentifyingoneparticularcat's

vocalizations.17

Fordogs,aJapanesecompanycalledInupathyhasdevelopedaharness（系帶）witha

heartratemonitortorecorddogs'heartrateandthusassessdogs'emotionalstate.

18

Theharnessalsohasalightthatturnsredwhenthedogisexcited,butwhenthedogis

relaxed,thelightisblue.

Themostobviousapplicationofthistechnologyistohelppetownersempathize（共情）

withandprovidefortheirpetsbetter.19Thereareotherusesfortechnologythat

helpusunderstandanimals.Forexample,somesheepfarmersareusingartificialintelligence

toscananimals'facesanddetermineiftheyareinpain,whichhelpsthemidentifysick

animals.20

Anyonewhointeractsregularlywithanimalscouldbenefitfromunderstandingtheir

animalsbetter.Thusthesetechnologicaldevelopmentsmighttransformthewayweinteract

withthecreaturesaroundus.Maybeinthenearfuture,wecaninteractwithourfurryfriends

moreeffectively.

A.Consequently,theycanstepinmorequickly.

B.That'swhyownerscancuretheirpetsbythemselves.

C.That'sbecausedifferentvoiceindicatesvariousemotions.

D.Themoreownersunderstandtheirpets,theeasieritistomeettheirneeds.

E.Usingvoicerecognition,itidentifiesdifferentsoundsandofferstranslations.

F.It'spossiblebecause,likehumans,itgoesupwhentheyareexcitedorstressed.

G.Ifsimportantbecauseanindividualusesspecificsoundstomeancertainthings.

三、完形填空

TomBradyhasconfilinedthat,afterhisplayingcareerisdone,hewillturnhisattention

toTV,becomingNFL（NationalFootballLeague）leadanalystforFox.Unquestionably,he

hasevery21name,looks,resume（資歷）tobreaksalaryrecordsandeven

overshadowthegamehe's22.

試卷第6頁，共10頁

Buteverybodyhasto23somewhereand,ifhistoryisaguide,Bradywill

24somegrowingpains,thewayeveryanalystdoes.

Surely,that'sno25toBrady.Hehasspentmorethan20yearsanswering

questionsontheothersideofthemicrophone,26howTVpeopleandothermedia

members27theirjobsandexpressingideasorfactsinashortand28way.

Chancesarethathe'snotgoingtobeoverly29infrontofacamera.

Thafsnottosayit's30.Infact,goingfrombeingatop-levelquarterback

（四分衛(wèi)）tosomeonelearninganew3jwhileunderthemicrophonecanbe

32daunting（人畏縮的）.

“Yougofrombeinggreatatsomethingto33ifyou'reevergoingtobegood

atanythingelse,“saidHallofFamequarterbackKurtWarner,nowanNFLNetworkanalyst.

“Youhaveto34thatbattlejustlikeanybodyelsewhogoesfromonejobto

another.^^

“Youhavetobuildyour35upandfigureoutwhoyouwanttobe.”

21.A.excuseB.titleC.qualityD.ability

22.A.coveringB.promotingC.watchingD.describing

23.A.liveB.stayC.hideD-start

24.A.refertoB.getridofC.gothroughD.faceupto

25.A.exceptionB.secretC.changeD.fantasy

26.A.observingB.discussingC.recordingD.understanding

27.A.evaluateB.doC.divideD.keep

28.A.rudeB.coldC.normalD.clear

29.A.nervousB.sensitiveC.superiorD.forgetful

30.A.idealB.boringC.easyD.stressful

31.A.careerB.techniqueC.sportD?system

32.A.stillB.alwaysC.tooD.quite

33.A.predictingB.wonderingC.guessingD.deciding

34.A.avoidB.refuseC.fightD.win

35.A.knowledgeB.characteristicC.reputationD.confidence

四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

“Thereisnoplacelikeitontheplanet.Thelargeamountof36(creative)we

findinDunhuangspans(跨越)athousand-yearperiod,nsaidNeilSchmid,residentscholarat

theDunhuangAcademy.

Duetoitsgreatsignificance,Chinahasrecentlylaunched37culturalheritage

platformsupportedbyblockchaintechnologytosharedigitalmaterialsoftheDunhuang

Grottoes(石窟).

Theplatformwas38(joint)developedbytheDunhuangAcademyand

ChinesetechgiantTencent.Onthisplatform,peoplearoundtheworldcan39

(pennit)tousemorethan6,500piecesofhigh-definitionmaterialsinreal-time.

Previously,visitors40(need)towaitforaweektogetsuchpermission.But

theestablishmentofthedigitalplatformhelpsonlinevisitorsgetoutofotherwisecomplex

proceduresandhave41(easy)accesstoDunhuang.

Inaddition,onlinevisitorsarewelcometousethesedigitalmaterials42

(design)theirownculturalandcreativeproducts.Inthisway,designerscannotonlyreceive

profit43theirwork,butalsospreadawarenessofDunhuangincreativeways.

“Thisisapioneeringprojectfor44(offer)digitalresourcesservicesinthe

culturalrelicfield,45couldpromotesustainabledevelopmentofresourceuseJ

saidLuoJing,anofficialwiththeNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration.

五、其他應用文

46.你校英文報將以“三月十二日中國植樹節(jié)(NationalTreePlantingDay)”為主題，舉行

征文比賽。請寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.簡要介紹植樹節(jié)；

2.說明樹木的重要性；

3.呼吁履行植樹義務。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

PlantingTreesforourFuture

試卷第8頁，共10頁

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。

IrememberoneThanksgivingwhenourfamilyhadnomoneyorfood,andsomeone

cameknockingonourdoor.Amanwasstandingtherewithahugeboxoffoodandeven

somepanstocookitin.ThestrangerannouncedJTmherebecauseafriendofyoursknows

you'reinneedandthatyouwouldn'tacceptdirecthelp,soFvebroughtthisforyou.Havea

greatThanksgiving.^^

Obviouslythatexperiencehadagreatimpactonmylife.Ipromisedmyselfthat

somedayIwoulddowellfinanciallysothatIcoulddothesamething.BythetimeIwas18,1

hadcreatedmyThanksgivingroutine.Iwouldgooutshoppingandbuyenoughfoodforone

ortwofamilies.ThenIwoulddresslikeadeliveryboy,gotothepoorestneighborhoodand

justknockonadoor.IhavereceivedmorefromthisthanIhavefromanyamountofmoney

I'veeverearned.

Severalyearsago,IwasinNewYorkCitywithmywifeduringThanksgiving.WhenI

toldherwhatIalwaysdoonThanksgiving,shegotexcited.Isaid,"Let'sgosomeplacewhere

wecanreallyappreciatewhoweare.HowaboutHarlem?^^Someofmycolleaguesalso

joinedus.

Isuggestedwestartbygettingavan（面包車）todriveustoHarlem.Wetriedwaitingby

thelight,wentoverandknockedonthewindowandthedriverwouldrollitdown,andI'dsay,

“TodayisThanksgiving.WouldyoubewillingtodriveustoHarlemtofeedsomepeople?”

Everytimethedriverwouldlookawayquicklyandpullawaywithoutsayinganything.

Eventuallywegotbetteratasking.We'dsay,“TodayisThanksgiving.We'dliketohelp

somelessfortunatepeople,andwe'recuriousifyou'dbewillingtodriveustoanareainour

mind.^^Thatseemedslightlymoreeffectivebutstilldidn'twork.Thenwestartedoffering

people$100todriveus.Thatgotusevencloser,butwhenwetoldthemtotakeustoHarlem,

theysaidnoanddroveoff.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Wehadtalkedtoabouttwodozenpeoplewhoallsaidno.

Weclimbedintotheperfectvanwithgreatjoy.

試卷第10頁，共10頁

參考答案:

1.B2.C3.A

【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了北愛爾蘭的首都——貝爾法斯特里的一些吸引來

自世界各地客人的景點。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BotanicGardens部分下的“Open:9:00am-4:30pm.（ClosedfromNov.

15thtoFeb.15thnextyear.）（開放時間：上午9:00-下午4:30（11月15日至明年2月15日關

閉））”并結合選項時間可知，在5月7日的上午九點半可以參觀BotanicGardens,故選B。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BelfastCityHall部分下的“Admission:Individual:$10（adult）,S6（kid

under14）Family:$24（Parents&upto3kids）（入場費:個人:十元（成人組）、六元（十四歲

以下兒童組）家庭：二十四元（家長及最多三個兒童））“可知，一對夫婦和兩個14歲以下

的孩子參觀BelfastCityHall,需要按家庭組團付費，即需要支付入場費24美元，故選C。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UlsterMuseum部分下的“Frommummiestomoonrocks,themuseum

possessesimpressiveart,naturalscienceandhistorycollections」從木乃伊到月球巖石，博物館擁

有令人印象深刻的藝術、自然科學和歷史收藏品）”可知，在UlsterMuseum,游客可以看到

太空里的東西，故選A。

4.B5.C6.C7.D

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了83歲的阿爾?梅里特在他的社區(qū)里一直是一個可

靠而愉快的存在。在不離開自己的社區(qū)的情況下，他完成了“環(huán)球”騎行——24901英里。這

一壯舉鼓舞了社區(qū)所有的人。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliable

andcheerypresenceinhisneighborhood.（在過去的11年里，83歲的阿爾?梅里特（AlMerritt）在

他的社區(qū)里一直是一個可靠而愉快的存在。）“可知，83歲的阿爾?梅里特在11年前，也就是

他70多歲時就開始進行這項任務。。故選B項。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12

miles,andgraduallythelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewentby,hebegantothinkbig—the

circumferenceofIheEarth.（一開始，他騎的車大約5英里長，然后是10到12英里，慢慢地，

他騎的車越來越長。隨著時間的流逝，他開始考慮更大的目標——地球的周長。）“可知，是

他的體能逐漸提高，使他產(chǎn)生“環(huán)球”冒險的想法的。故選C項。

答案第1頁，共10頁

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Wewantedtotellthestoryofthisguy.WhatMerritt

representsishowanindividuafssmallactscanchangeanentirecommunity（我們想講述這個人

的故事。梅里特所代表的是一個人的小行為如何改變整個社會）”可推知，拍攝這部紀錄片短

片的目的是激發(fā)積極的生活態(tài)度。故選C項。

7.主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了83歲的阿爾?梅里特在他的社區(qū)里一

直是一個可靠而愉快的存在。在不離開自己的社區(qū)的情況下，他完成了“環(huán)球”騎行——24901

英里。這一壯舉鼓舞了社區(qū)所有的人。由此推知，D選項“一個社區(qū)的鼓舞人心的人物”能概

括全文內(nèi)容。故選D項。

8.C9.A10.B11.A

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了城市下方看不見的管道網(wǎng)絡：下水道。

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第六句"Watercontaininghumanandindustrialwasteiscollectedin

sanitarysewersandcarriedtowastewatertreatmentplants.（含有人類和工業(yè)廢物的水被收集在

衛(wèi)生下水道中，并被輸送到廢水處理廠）“可知，衛(wèi)生下水道主要用于收集好廢水，然后輸送

到廢水處理廠。故選C項。

9.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"Inurbanareas,greenhasgivenwaytoconcrete.（在城市地

區(qū)，綠地己被混凝土所取代）”可知，很多城市綠地被混凝土地面代替；根據(jù)第二段劃線句后

部分“concretecannottakeinrain-water（混凝土不能吸收雨水）”及常識可知,混凝土無法吸收

雨水，因此大量的混凝土地面可能導致土地無法吸收到雨水，從而使自然蓄水量減少。由此

推知，劃線詞retention與absorption意思接近，即“吸收水后儲存在土地中“。故選A項。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Sewershelpimproveurbanpublichealth,preventurbanflooding

andboostenvironmentalprotection.Togethertheyprotectvitalwaterresourcesandmaintainthe

safetyofpeopleandproperty.（下水道有助于改善城市公共衛(wèi)生，防止城市洪水，促進環(huán)境保

護。它們共同保護重要的水資源，維護人身和財產(chǎn)安全）“可知，本段從改善城市公共衛(wèi)生，

防止洪水等方面說明了下水道對城市生活有很大的幫助。由此推知，作者寫第四段的目的是

提供支持性事實。故選B項。

11.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"Farbeloweverytownandcityliesaninvisiblenetworkof

pipescrucialtothelivesoftheirresidents.（在每個城鎮(zhèn)的下方，都有一個對居民生活至關重要

的看不見的管道網(wǎng)絡）“可知，本文主要介紹了城市下方的看不見的管道網(wǎng)絡。由此可知，

UrbanUnseenNetwork適合作本文最佳標題。故選A項。

答案第2頁，共10頁

12.C13.C14.D15.B

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了馬里蘭州約翰霍普金斯大學霍姆伍德校區(qū)的一個高

科技實驗室里正在研制智能組織自主機器人（STAR）,盡管動作比人類外科醫(yī)生慢，但是可

以使手術更順暢。

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therobot,knownasSmartTissueAutonomousRobot,orSTAR,

whichisrunbyahighlyadvancedcomputerprogram,willadvancetechnologycurrentlyinwide

useinoperatingrooms.Therobotcompletesaboutastitchaminute,slightlyslowerthanahuman

surgeon.Butthetestssofarhaveshownmoreconsistencythanwhatthehumanscanachieve.（該

機器人被稱為智能組織自主機器人（STAR）,由高度先進的計算機程序運行，將推進目前廣

泛應用于手術室的技術。機器人大約一分鐘完成一針，比人類外科醫(yī)生稍慢。但迄今為止的

測試顯示出的連貫性比人類所能達到的要高）”可知，STAR盡管縫針速度不如人類外科醫(yī)生，

但是縫合動作的連貫性比人類醫(yī)生好，可以使手術更順暢。故選C項。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“GalenCEOBruceLichorowiccomparedtheroboticarmtofuture

forsurgeons,sayingitin-creasestheirstability,reducestirednessandpreventscramps（抽搐）

duringlongsurgeries,allofwhichleadtosafersurgeries.（Galen公司首席執(zhí)行官Bruce

Lichorowic將這種機械臂比作外科醫(yī)生的未來,他說,它可以增加他們的穩(wěn)定性，減少疲勞，

防止長時間手術期間的抽搐，所有這些都可以使手術更安全。）“可知，Lichorowic把機械臂

比作外科醫(yī)生的未來，有著諸多的優(yōu)點，說明他認為這種機械臂有前途的（Promising.）。故

選C項。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段，“Thecompanycurrentlyemploysabout40people,abouthalf

ofwhomhaveadvanceddegreesfromJohnsHopkins,5saidLichorowic,addingthatthecompany

planstogrowto60positionsbytheendoftheyear.（Lichorowic表示：'公司目前約有40名員工,

其中約一半擁有約翰霍普金斯大學的高等學位?！€補充說，公司計劃在年底前將職位增

加到60個。）”可知，說明公司要在年內(nèi)擴大規(guī)模，增加工作崗位。故選D項。

15.推理判斷題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段“Inahigh-techlabonJohn'sHopkinsUniversity's

HomewoodcampusinMaryland,engineershavebeenbuildingarobotthatmaybeabletostitch

（縫針）backtogetherthebrokentissuesinyourstomachandevenyourbrain,nodoctorneeded.

（在馬里蘭州約翰霍普金斯大學霍姆伍德校區(qū)的一個高科技實驗室里，工程師們一直在建造

一個機器人，它可能能夠?qū)⒛阄咐锷踔链竽X里破碎的組織縫合起來，而不需要醫(yī)生。）“可知，

答案第3頁，共10頁

本文介紹一個能進去人體內(nèi)幫助縫補組織的智能組織自主機器人，由此推知，本文最有可能

出現(xiàn)“健康與科技（Health&Technology.）”專欄。故選B項。

16.E17.G18.F19.D20.A

【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些有助于理解動物話語的應用軟件和設備的功能、

意義。

16.根據(jù)上文“OnesuchappiscalledMeowTalk.（其中一款應用叫做MeowTalko）”可知,本

段接下來要介紹這個應用程序，E項“Usingvoicerecognition,itidentifiesdifferentsoundsand

offerstranslations.（通過語音識別，它可以識別不同的聲音并提供翻譯。戶中的it指代上一句

的MeowTalk,下文“Forexample,onetypeofsoundmightmean'feedme'whileanothercouldbe

translated'letmeoutside」（例如，一種聲音可能意味著，喂我二而另一種聲音可能翻譯為'讓

我出去下文具體舉例說明E項中提及的identifiesdifferentsoundsandofferstranslations,

上下文銜接連貫順暢。故選E項。

17.根據(jù)上文“Theappcanusemachinelearningtoassessitstranslationsandimproveat

identifyingoneparticularcat'svocalizations.（該應用程序可以使用機器學習來評估它的翻譯，

并提高識別一只特定貓的叫聲的能力。戶可知，這款應用程序因為有學習能力而可以提高識

別某一個特定的貓的叫聲的能力，結合G項“It'simportantbecauseanindividualusesspecific

soundstomeancertainthings.（這很重要，因為個體使用特定的聲音來表示特定的事情。）“可

知，G項與上文為解釋關系，某一個特定的貓會用自己特定的聲音表達特定的需要，所以應

用程序具備學習能力以提高識別能力很重要。上下文銜接連貫，故選G項。

18.根據(jù)上文“Fordogs,aJapanesecompanycalledInupathyhasdevelopedaharness（系帶）with

aheartratemonitortorecorddogs'heartrateandthusassessdogs'emotionalstate.（專卜對狗，日本

一家名為Inupathy的公司開發(fā)了一種帶有心率監(jiān)控器的系帶，可以記錄狗的心率，從而評估

狗的情緒狀態(tài)。戶可知，一款監(jiān)測心率的系帶能評估狗的情緒變化，F(xiàn)項“Itspossiblebecause,

likehumans,itgoesupwhentheyareexcitedorstressed.（這是可能的，因為像人類一樣，當它

們興奮或有壓力時，它會上升。）”符合語境，第二個it指代上文提及的dogs，heartrate,they

指代dogs。上下文連貫順暢。故選F項。

19.根據(jù)上文“Themostobviousapplicationofthistechnologyistohelppetownersempathize

（共情）withandprovidefortheirpetsbetter.（這項技術最明顯的應用是幫助寵物主人更好地與

他們的寵物共情、照顧好他們的寵物。）“可知，這款應用程序使寵物主人更了解寵物，這樣

答案第4頁，共10頁

才能產(chǎn)生共情，給寵物更好的照顧，D項“Themoreownersunderstandtheirpets,theeasieritis

tom