2023年6月英語四級考試真題以及答案第3套

2023年6月四級真題（第３套）ＰartＩWrｉtiｎｇ(3０ｍinｕtes）Direcｔioｎs:Forthisｐarｔ,yｏuaｒeａlloweｄ30ｍｉnutestowriteａshorｔｅｓsay.Yｏusｈｏuｌdstartｙoureｓsaywithaｂriefdｅsｃriptionoｆtｈepiｃtuｒeanｄtheneｘpｒｅｓsyouｒvｉeｗsonｔｈeimpｏｒｔanceofｄoingｓmallthinｇsbeｆoreunｄｅrｔａkingsomethingbig.Ｙoｕｓhouldｗriteatｌeast1２０ｗordsbuｔnoｍｏｒｅthan１80words.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PaｒｔⅡLiｓｔeｎingＣｏmpreｈension（３0minuteｓ）SeｃｔiｏnADireｃtions:Iｎthｉsｓectｉon，yｏuwillheａr8ｓhorｔcｏnveｒsａt(yī)ionsand2longconverｓaｔｉｏｎｓ.Atｔheendofeａcｈcoｎversaｔiｏｎ，oneoｒmｏreｑuestionswillbｅaskｅdａｂoｕtwhａt(yī)wasｓaｉd.Botｈtheconvｅｒsatiｏnanｄthequeｓｔionsｗilｌbespokenoｎｌyonｃｅ.Afｔereａchquｅsｔioｎthｅrewｉｌlｂｅapausｅ.Ｄｕringthepaｕse,ｙouｍustreadｔhｅｆoｕrchｏicesmａrkedＡ），B),C）andＤ），andｄeciｄｅｗhichisthebｅsｔanswer．ＴhenmａrkｔhｅcoｒｒespoｎdingｌｅtteronAnｓwerＳｈeeｔ１wｉthaｓinglelinetｈrouｇhｔheｃentｒe．注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。１．Ａ.Thegirlsｇｏtonｗellｗiｔheａcｈｏｔｈer.B.It'sｕnderｓtanｄabｌethａt(yī)girlsdoｎ＇tｇeｔalｏnｇ.C.Shewasａngｒywiｔhｔhｅotheｒyouｎgstａrｓ.D.Tｈegirｌsｌackeｄthecｏuragetofiｇhｔ.2.A．Ｔhｅｗoｍandoｅshｅrownhｏuｓework.B.Tｈewｏmannｅedｓaｈｏusekeｅpeｒ.Ｃ.Tｈewoｍan'ｓhousｅisinaｍeｓs．D．Theｗomanworksasaｈoｕseｋeepｅr.3.A．ＴheEｄwａrdsareqｕitewell－oｆf．Ｂ.TheEdwaｒｄsshouldcｕtdownｏntheirｌｉvingeｘpeｎsｅｓ.C.It'llbｅunｗiseforthｅEdwardｓｔobuyanotｈerｈouse.D.It'ｓtｏoexｐｅnｓiveｆｏrｔheEdwaｒdstｏliveｉｎｔｈeiｒprｅsenthｏuse.４.A．Thewomanｄidn＇texpectittobesowaｒmatnoon．B.Ｔhewomanisｓensitivetoweaｔhｅrchａｎｇeｓ．C．Ｔhｅｗeaｔｈeｒforeｃasｔwａｓunreｌiａble．D.Ｔheweａt(yī)hｅrtuｒneｄcoldａllofasudｄeｎ.５.A.Ａtａclｉｎic.B.Inasupｅｒｍarkｅt.C．Ａtaｒestａuｒant.Ｄ．Iｎaｎiｃeｃｒeamｓhop.6.A.TｈewomandiｄnotfｅelanｙｄａｎｇergrｏｗｉngupiｎｔheBｒonx．B.ThemantｈinksitwasquiｔesａfelivingintｈeＢrｏｎxdistrｉct.Ｃ.Thewｏmanｓtaｒtedwoｒｋingatａnearlyaｇｅtoｓｕpportｈeｒfａmily.D.Thｅmanｄｏesn'tthｉnｋｉｔｓaｆetosendａｎ８-ｙeaｒ-oldtoｂuyｔhings．7．A.Themaｎｈasneverseｅｎthewｏmaｎbｅfoｒe.B.Theｔｗoｓｐeakersworkfｏrｔｈesamｅｃｏmｐａｎy.Ｃ．Thetwoｓpeakerｓworkontheｓameflｏor.Ｄ.Tｈewｏmanisｉnｔｅrestｅdinmａrketreｓｅarｃh.8.A.Theｗomａnｃan'ｔtolｅrateaｎｙｎoｉｓe.Ｂ.Themaｎｉsloｏkｉngforａnａｐarｔｍent.C.Ｔhemanｈasｍisｓｅｄhisａpｐointmｅnt．D．Thewomａnisgｏingtｏtａkｅatｒaintrip．Queｓtioｎｓ9ｔoｌlaｒebaｓedｏnthｅｃonveｒｓatｉonyｏｕhavｅjｕｓthearｄ.9.Ａ．Ｔoｍakeabuｓiｎessｒeｐｏrｔｔothｅwoman．B．Tｏbｅiｎterｖiewｅdfｏｒajobiｎtｈewomａn＇scoｍpaｎy.C.Ｔoresignfｒomｈispositioninｔhewｏman＇scｏｍpａｎy.Ｄ.Toeｘcｈangｅstockｍarketinformaｔioｎwitｈtheｗoｍan.10.A．Ｈeｉｓｈeadｏfasmalltradｉngcompａｎy.B．Heworksinaninternationalｉnsｕrancｅcompaｎy.C．Ｈeleaｄsａｔeａmｏfbrokｅrｓinabigcomｐany．D.Hｅisaｐublicrelatioｎｓofｆiｃerinaｓmalｌｃｏｍｐaｎy.1１.A.TｈeｗoｍanｔhiｎksMｒ.Sauｎｄersisaskingfｏrmoretｈanthｅycanoffer．B.Mr.Saunｄｅrswiｌlｓharｅｏnethiｒｄoｆtｈewoman'srｅsponsibｉlities.C.Mr.Saanｄersbeliｅvesthathedeservesmorepaｉdvacaｔiｏns.D.ThewomanseｅmｓtoｂesatｉsfｉｅdwitｈMr.Sauｎders＇pastexperience.Quｅsｔions1２tｏ15arｅｂasｅdonｔheｃonｖｅrsationｙｏuhavejustheaｒd.1２．A.She'sｗｏrriedａbｏutｔｈｅsemiｎar.B.Themａｎkｅepsｉnｔerruptiｎgher.C.Ｓhｅfｉndｓittoohａrd．Ｄ．Ｓhelacksｉnteｒｅｓtiｎit.13．A.Tｈeｌecｔureｒｓaｒeboriｎg.B．Thｅcｏuｒseｉｓpoorｌｙdeｓigned．Ｃ.ＳheｐreferｓPhilｏsoｐhyｔｏEnglish.D.Sheenｊｏyｓliterａt(yī)uremoｒe．14.A.Karｅn'sfriend.B．Kaｒen'spaｒenｔｓ.C.Karen'sleｃtｕrerｓ.D.Kaｒenｈerself．1５．A.Cｈangingherｍaｊor.B.Spｅnｄinglｅssofherparents'ｍoney.C．ＧｅｔtｉｎgtransferredtoｔheEnglｉshＤｅｐａrtment.D.Ｌeavｉngtheuniversｉｔｙ.ＳectionBDirections:Iｎthissｅctｉoｎ,youｗiｌlhｅaｒ３ｓｈortpassagｅs．Attheeｎdoｆeachｐaｓsage,youwillhｅａr"soｍequeｓtions.Boththｅpassageandｔhequestiｏnsｗillbesｐoｋenonlyｏｎcｅ.Aｆteryouｈeａrａqｕｅｓtion,youmusｔｃhoｏｓetｈｅbｅsｔanswerfromthｅfouｒchoicesｍａrkedA），B）,C)andD).ＴhenｍarｋthecoｒresｐoｎdｉngleｔtｅｒonAnsweｒSheet１withasinglｅｌinethroughtｈｅｃｅｎtre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答．PassageOneＱuesｔioｎs16ｔo19arebaｓedoｎｔhｅpassａｇeyouhａvejustｈeａｒd.１6.Ａ．Reｎｔagｒave.B.Burnｔhｅbｏｄy.C.Burytheｄeadｎeａraｃhurch.D.Bｕyａｐｉeceofｌandfｏrａgｒａve.17.Ａ.Tｏsoｌｖeｔheproｂleｍoflａｃkoｆlanｄ.B.Tｏsｅｅwhetherｔｈｅｙｈａveｄecayed.C.TｏfoｌlｏwthｅGreｅｋreｌigiｏｕsprａｃtice.Ｄ.Toｍｏvethemtoamulti-storeygraveｙａｒd.18.A．Theyshｏulｄｂebｕｒieｄlyingｄown.B.Theyｓhｏuｌdｂeburiedstaｎdinｇuｐ.C.Ｔheysｈoｕldbeburｉｅdaｆterbｅｉnｇｗashｅd.D.Theｙsｈｏuldbeｂｕriedwhenｐaｒtiａllｙdｅcａyｅｄ.19．A．Burningdｅadbodiestoasｈes.B．Sｔoringｄeａdbｏdｉesiｎaremｏtepｌace.C.Plaｃｉngｄeadbodｉesiｎaｂoneｒoｏm.D.Diｇgingｕｐdeａdbodiesaｆteｒｔhｒｅeyeaｒs.ＰaｓsageTwｏQuｅstions２0ｔo22areｂaｓedoｎtｈｅpassageyouhavｅjustheard.20.A.ManyfoｒeigntｏｕristsvisittｈeUｎitｅdStatｅｓeveｒｙｙｅａｒ.B.Ａｍeｒiｃａnseｎｊoｙeａt(yī)ingｏｕtwiththeirfriｅnds.C.TheUnitedStatesisaｃouｎtryofimｍiｇranｔs.D.Ameｒiｃansｐｒeｆerｆｏreｉgｎfoodstoｔheirownfood.21.A.Ｔhｅｙcanmakefriendｓｗｉthｐeopｌefromothercounｔries.B.Ｔheycaｎgeｔtoｋnoｗpeopleofotｈｅｒｃulturesandtｈeｉｒｌifestylｅs.C.Ｔheycａnpｒａctiｃespｅａｌdngforeiｇnlanｇuａｇｅｓｔherｅ.D．Tｈｅycanｍeetｗithbusineｓsｍenfromａlloｖerthewｏrlｄ.22.A.Thecouplｅcｏoｋtｈedishesaｎdtheｃhilｄrenhｅlｐｔheｍ.B.Ｔｈｅhusbandｄoｅｓthecoｏkinganｄthewifｅｓervｅsasthｅｗaitress.Ｃ．Thｅmotheｒdoeｓｔheｃookiｎｇwhilethefatｈerandchiｌdrenwaitontheguｅsts.D.Ａhｉredｃookpreｐareｓtｈedisheｓａｎdthefａmilｙmeｍbersｓervｅthegｕｅsts.ＰａssageThreeＱuｅstions23to２5arebａsedonthepａsｓａgeyouhaｖejusthｅaｒd．２3．A．Hetｏｏktｈemtowatｃhabａskeｔballgame.B.HetraｉnedtheｍtｏplayＥuropeanfoｏtball.C.Heｌｅtthemｃompｅteingettingbａllsoutoｆａbasket．D.Heｔauｇhtthemｔoｐlaｙaｎexcitingｎewgame．２４．Ａ.Tｈeplayersfoundｔhｅｂaｓkｅttｏohiｇｈｔｏｒeａｃｈ.B.Theplayｅrsｈadtｒｏuｂlｅgetｔingtｈeballoutoｆtheｂａｓkｅｔ．C.Thepｌａyｅrshaddifficｕltyundｅrstaｎdinｇｔheｃompｌｅｘruｌes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6.８%in202３.TheoveｒthrownbｕsｉnessgｉantｓoｆWallSｔｒeeｔtookthｅｂｉｇｇestｋnock，ｗitｈａverａgepaycutsｏf3８%aｎdmedｉaｎbonｕsesofzerｏ.Buｔtherｅｗａssoｍeｐａinforeｖerｙｏne:mｅdｉanpａyｆoｒchｉefexecutivesofnon-fmaｎｃiaｌfirｍsiｎtｈeS＆P50０feｌlby２.７%.Ｎearlｙeverybusinessｈasａsadtaletotｅll.Fｏreｘampｌe，ArneＳｏreｎsｏn，tｈepreｓｉdｅntofMａｒrｉotthｏtels,likｅnsthecriｓｉsｔoｔhedowntｕrnthathithiｓbuｓiｎessafterＳepteｍberｌlｔh,20２3．Wheｎｔhetｗintoweｒsfｅｌｌ,Ａmｅrｉcanssｔｏppedtraｖｅllｉng．Mａrｒioｔtｈaditswoｒsｔｑｕartereｖｅr,withrｅvenuesperroｏmfａllingby2５％.Thisyear,withｏutaterrｏristaｔtack，ｔhehotelindusｔryｉs"ｐuttinｇtｈesamenumｂersoｎtheｂoard",saysMrSoｒeusｏｎ..Ｄ.Theｈotelbusｔ（不景氣),liｋemｏstｂｕｓts,waｓpｒecededbｙabrｅaｔhtalｄngbｏｏｍ.Althoughmanyｏtｈerbigｆiｒm.srｅsiｓtｅdthetemptatｉonｔoｏvｅr-ｂorｒow,dｅveｌｏpersｂorroweｄｈeavilyandbuiltbiggeraｎdfaｎciｅrhotelsasifthｅwholｅｗoｒldｗereｐlanniｎgａｈolidaｙｉnLasVｅgas.Whenｔheｂubblebuｒst，demandcolｌapsed.Ｈotｅlowneｒsｆounｄtheｍsｅlveswithａｈugenumｂｅrｏｆeｍｐｔyroｏmsevenasalｏtofunｎeｃesｓａｒｙnewhoteｌsｗerereａｄｙtoopen.Ｅ.Oｔherinｄustriｅshaｖesｕffｅredevenmｏrｅ.Ｌarｇenumbersofbｕildeｒs,ｐropeｒtｙfｉrmsａndｒetaileｒｓhavegonebaｎkrｕｐt.ＡndadiｓastｅrhashiｔＤetroiｔ.LastyearthｅAmeriｃanｃarinｄustｒyhadthecａ-pacitytomａkｅ1７millionvehicles.Salesin２02３ｃouｌdbebarelyhafｔofthaｔ.TheBigThreeAｍeri－cancａrmａkers－-GeneralMoｔｏrs,ForｄａndCｈrysler--acｃuｍulatedruinouscostsoｖerthｅpoｓt－ｗaryearｓ,suｃhaｓｇｏｌｄ-ｐlatedhealthplaｎsａndpenｓionsforｗｏｒkｅrswhorｅtｉｒedａｓyoungas48.Aｌlthreearedesｐｅrａt(yī)elyｒestｒucturing.OnｌyFordmaｙｓurviveinitｓcｕrrenｔform．Ｈardｔimesbrｅｅdhａrｄfｅelｉｎgｓ．FewAmｅrｉcansundｅｒｓtandwhatcaｕsｅdthereceｓsｉｏn.Sｏmeareｓeekingｓcａpegoatｓ（替罪羊).Politｉｃiaｎsarehａｐpytｏｔakeadvaｎtage.BosｓeshavebeensummonｅdtoWasｈingtｏntobｅscolｄｅdonliｖetelｅviｓion.Thｅｐresｉｄｅntcondemnsthｅirgreｅd．Eｘtrａvaｇａnce（奢侈）isoutF.Businｅssfｏlkarebendinｇoverbackwaｒdｓtoavoidseeminｇexｔravａgant．Meetiｎgsaｔｒesortsａreｓud－denｌｙunaｃceｐｔａblｅ.GｏldmanＳacｈｓ,aniｎveｓtmeｎtbanｋ,canｃeｌledaconferenceinＬaｓＶｅgａsａt(yī)ｔｈelａstminｕｔｅandrebookeｄｉｔｉnSanFranciscｏ,whｉchｃｏstｍoreｂutsｏundedleｓsfuｎ.Anｙway,thepainwillｅveｎtuallyeｎd.Ameriｃanｂusiｎessｗilｌregaｉnｉｔssｈine.Manyfirｍｓwilｌdie，bｕttｈesur－vivｏrｓｗillemergelｅanｅrａｎdstrｏｎgｅｒtｈaｎbeｆore.Tｈeｆｉｎaｎcialｓｅcｔoｒ'sshａreoｆthｅeｃonomywiｌlshｒink，andstayｓhｒｕｎkｆoryeaｒstｏcomｅ.Ｔheiｍｐorｔanｃeofnｏn－fｉnanｃialfirmswilｌａccoｒdｉnｇｌyrise，ａｌongwiｔhｔheirabiｌｉｔytｏａt(yī)ｔracttｈeｂesttalｅnt．Amｅriｃawｉllremaiｎthｅbeｓtpｌaｃeoｎearｔｈtoｄobｕｓiｎesｓ,solｏｎgａsBａraｃkＯbaｍaandthｅＤemｏcrａt(yī)sｉｎＣｏｎgｒessrｅsistthetｅmptatioｎｔｏinter-feｒetｏomuｃｈ,andsolｏｎgａsorｇａnisｅdｌabｏurdoesｎoｔovｅrpｌaｙitshaｎd.G.Ｔheｃｒiｓiｓwillｐｒovehugelｙｄisruptivｅ（破壞性的),hｏweｖer．Badmanａgｅmｅnttecｈniqｕeswillｂeex-ｐｏsed.Ｎecessitｙwillforcetheswiftａｄoptiｏnofmoreeｆｆｉcieｎｔones．Attｈeｓamｅtime，technolｏｇicaliｎnovation(創(chuàng)新)willbarｅlｙpausｅfｏrbreath,aｎｄtwoｂigpｏｌiｔｉcaｌchaｎgeｓseｅmlｉkely．ＭrＯbａma'ｓｐlantｏcurbcarbondioxide(CO2)emiｓsioｎs(排放),thoｕgｈnecessａry，wiｌｌｂefarfromcｏst-ｆreｅ，wｈateverｈｉssunnyspeｅcheｓonthesuｂjｅｃtmightsｕｇｇest.ThｅsｈｉｆttoaloＷ-ｃarboｎeｃonｏｍyｗｉllｈｅlpsomｅｆirmｓ，hurtoｔhersａｎｄrequiｒｅｅveryorgａnisａt(yī)ionthatusesmuｃhenergｙtｏrethinｋｈoｗitopｅrateｓ.It"ishardertｏpredictｈowMｒOｂａmａ'spｒoｐoseｄreｆｏｒmsｔothｅfａilingｈealth-carｅｓysｔemｗillturnout．Ｉfhesucceedｓｉncｕｒbｉngcostｓ--abigiｆ－-itｗouldbeahugeｇainfｏrＡmｅrｉca．Ｓomebｕsinessesｗｉllｂenｅｆitbuｔthｅvastｂｕlkｏftheｓavｉngｓwilｌbｅcapturedbｙwoｒkers,ｎoｔthｅiｒｅｍ-ployers.Ｈ.Iｎtheｎextcoupleofyeａrsthｅｂｕsinｅssesｔhａｔthrｉveｗilｌbethosethatareｔｉgｈtwithcosts,ｃａrefuｌｏfdeｂt，cａuｔiｏuswithｃａshflｏwanｄｅxtrｅmｅlyattenｔivetｏｗhatcuｓtomｅｒswａnt.Ｔhｅywiｌlinｃｌuｄeｐleｎtyoｆｎａmesnｏonehasyｅｔｈｅａｒｄof．Ｔimｅschange,andcorporａt(yī)ionsｃhangeｗithｔhem.In１９５５Ｔime＇ｓManoftｈeYearwasHarlｏｗCuｒtice，tｈebossofGM.ＨｉsfiｒｍwasleadingＡmericａt(yī)ｏwarｄs"ａnewecｏnomiｃoｒｄer"，ｔhemａgaｚineｗｒotｅ.ＴｈankｓtｏmenliｋeCｕrtice,"thｅbonｄsoｆｓｃarciｔy＂hadbeeｎｂroｋeｎandＡmｅｒiｃａwaｓrolling"toaｎalｌ-timｅｈighofｐrｏsperitｙ"．Soｏn,Ａmｅriｃanswｏuｌdneedtospｅnd"comｐａｒａｔivelylittleｔimeeaｒｎｉnｇalivｉng"．I．HalfaceｎｔurylateｒGMｉsatｙpicalexaｍpleforpoormanagemeｎt．InMａrchitｓｃhｉefexecutivｅwasｆｉredbyTime'scｕrrentManofthｅYear,MrOｂａｍa．Tｈｅgoveｒnｍｅｎtｎowbaｃksｕｐtｈedoｍeｓｔｉｃｃaｒindｕstrｙ，lenｄinｇitｍｏｎeyanｄoverseeingiｔｓturnarｏundｐｌａns.Wｉtｈluck,thiswillbｅshort-livｅd.Buｔthｅｒｅisaｄanｇerthａt(yī)ＷashｉｎｇtoｎwiｌlenｄupmicｒomanａginｇｎoｔoｎlyＤetroitbｕtａｌsｏｏtherpaｒtsofｔｈeｅconoｍy.AｎdcleverasMrObaｍa'ｓadvisersarｅ,hiｓｔｏrysuggｅｓtsthｅｙwiｌｌbebadａｔｔｈis.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。４６.BecauseHaｒlowCuｒtiｃe'sfirmwaｓlｅaｄｉngAmｅrｉcaｉncreatiｎｇ"anｅweｃｏｎomicoｒdeｒ",ｈeｗasnaｍｅdbyTimemagａzｉneasMａnoftｈeYeariｎ1955.4７．ThｅBiｇThｒeeAｍerｉcaｎcaｒmakersnｅedreｓｔrｕｃｔurｉngｔosurvivebecauseｔhｅycａｎｎotcoｐewithtｈeｒｕinｏuscosｔsａccumｕlateｄｏｖｅrtheｐost－ｗaryｅａrs．4８.Iｔisworrieｄtｈａt(yī)ｔheObamaaｄｍiｎistratｉonwｉllｅndｕｐmicromａnaginｇＡmerｉca'secoｎomｙ．49.Ｏｂama＇ｓplantoｌimｉtcａrbondioxiｄｅemisｓionｓwiｌｌｂynｏmeａnsbｅｉneｘpensiｖe.50.Attheworsttime，ｔhetotaｌvａlｕeoflistｅdsｈaｒesiｎAmｅricanfiｒmsshrａｎkby57%.51.ＩｎMarch,ＧeｎｅｒａlＭoｔors＇ｃhiefexeｃｕtivｅwasｆirｅdbyMrObaｍaforpoormanａｇemｅnt.５２.Ａmｅricansｓtoppｅdtravellｉngaftｅrｔhｅ9/11terroriｓｔａt(yī)tack,whｉｃｈｈittheｈoteｌindｕｓtryhａrd.5３．ThｅｓavｉngｓfromOｂａma'sｒeformwilｌmosｔbｅnefｉttheworkｅrｓrａt(yī)ｈerｔhanthebossｅｓ.54.Aｍeriｃa'srecessiｏniｓｐrobａｂｌytherｅsultｏfacombｉnatioｎoｆcauses.５5.TheiｎvestｍenｔｂankGｏldmaｎSachsｃancelｌedaconｆｅrｅnceinLaｓVｅgａsiｎordeｒtoavoidseemｉngwａstefｕｌ.SeｃtionCDirｅctionｓ:Thereaｒe2passaｇｅsiｎthissｅction．Eａchpassａgeｉsfolloｗedｂysｏmeqｕｅstioｎｓorunfin-ishedstatements.FｏreａchofｔｈemｔｈerｅarefourcｈoicesｍarkedＡ）,Ｂ),C)andＤ).YouｓhoｕｌｄｄｅｃiｄeｏnthebestｃhoiｃｅaｎdmaｒktheｃｏrｒespｏndｉnｇleｔｔerｏnＡnsweｒＳｈｅｅｔ2wiｔhasinglｅlｉnethrougｈtｈecenｔｒe．PasｓageOnｅQuestioｎｓ56ｔｏ60arebasｅdｏnｔhefｏllowinｇpasｓage.TheGaｔaisusｅdtofrｏwnwｈentｈｅyreｃeｉｖedpｏwerbillsthatｒｏutinｅlyｔopｐｅd$200.LasｔSepteｍbｅrｔhecouplemovedｉntoa1,500-ｓqｕaｒe-foothoｍeinPｒeｍｉｅｒＧarｄens,aｓuｂｄivisiｏｎof95"zero-energyｈomeｓ"(ZEH）justouｔsideｔｏwn．Nｏwｔhｅy＇rｅactuａllｙeagertosｅetheirｅlｅctricitybiｌls.Thegｒandｔotaｌoveｒthｅ10monｔhstｈey＇velivedｉｎthｅthree-bedrooｍhｏｕｓｅ:$7５．Fｏｒthepａsttwomｏｎthｓtｈeｙhaｖen＇tｐａidaceｎt．ZEＨcｏmmuniｔiｅｓarｅtｈeleadiｎｇeｄgeｏftecｈnologieｓthatｍigｈｔsomeｄayｃｒeatehｏusｅsthａt(yī)prｏduceａsｍuchｅnerｇyａstｈeyconsｕn～e.ＰrｅmｉｅｒGardｅnｓisoneｏfahaft－dozeｎsubｄivisｉonｓiｎCaliforｎiａwheｒeｅverｙhoｍecｕtspｏｗｅrｃｏｎsumpｔｉｏｎby５0%,mostlｙbyusiｎglow-poｗeraｐpliａｎcesandsolarpaｎeｌｓ.Aｓidｅfromthepanｅｌsontheｒooｆ,PremiｅrGardenｓlｏokslikeacommｕnｉtyｏfconｖenｔionalhｏmes.Butｉnsｉde,spｅcialwiｎdoｗscutｐowerbillsbybloｃｋingsoｌarheatiｎsummeｒandrｅtainｉnｇinｄoorwａrmｔhinwｉntｅr.Therｅstofthｅenergyｓaｖiｎgsｃomesfromthesolaruｎits.Theydｏｎ'tjuｓtｆeedｔheｈoｍetheyserve.Iｆtheygeneratemoreｐｏｗertｈaｎthehomｅiｓusing，theｅxｃｅssfloｗｓｉnｔotheutilｉtｙ'spowergｒ/d(電網)．Thｅresiｄentsaｒｅｂilledbｙ"nｅtmeｔerｉng＂:tｈeypayfortheａmｏuntoｆｐｏｗｅrtheytａpｏfftheｇrid,leｓsｔhｅkiloｗatts（千瓦)ｔheｙfeeｄiｎｔoｉt.Ifａhomｅgeneｒatｅsmoｒｅｐｏwｅrtｈａnitｕses，ｔhｅbillｉszero．,Thatsoundsｌｉkeabaddealfｏrｔｈｅpowｅrcoｍpany,ｂutiｔ'snoｔ.Solarhomesｐｒｏdｕcetｈemostｐoweroｎｔhehoｔsunｎｙafteｒnｏouｓwheneverｙonerusｈeshometoｔｕrnuｐtｈｅaircｏｎditiｏneｒ."Iｔhｅlｐsuslower'uｓageaｔpeａｋpｏwertｉmes,"sａyssolａrｅｘpeｒtMｉkｅKeｅｓeｅ．"Thaｔletsusavoidbuildinｇｃｏstｌｙｐlａntsorｂｕyｉngexpenｓivepoweｒaｔpｅａkusａｇetｉme.＂Ｗhat'snｏttolike?Mｏｓｔlyｔheｃoｓts.Thespecｉalfeatuｒeｓｃanadｄ$25,000ormｏretoｔhepｕrchasepｒicｅofahouse．Tａxbｒeａkｓbringthecｏstdown,espｅcialｌyｉnCalifｏrnia,bｕｔｉnmanystatｅｓＺEHsｃａnbeprohｉbiｔｉvｅlyexpｅｎsive.Forthecｏnsuｍｅr，it'samatterofpayｉngｎowforthｅhardwaretｏsavelatｅｒonｔheｕtｉlities．hehardwaretoｓavelaｔerｏntheutilitｉes.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。５6.WｈyａretheGaｔaiseagertｏseetｈｅirelecｔriciｔybiｌlsｎow?A.Thｅｙwaｎttoseehowmucｈtheyｈavesaｖed.B.Theywantｔocutdownｔｈeirutiｌity'expenｓｅｓ.Ｃ.Theywａnｔtoｋnowiftheyareａbletopay．D．Tｈeｙwaｎttoavｏiｄbeｉｎgoverｃhargeｄ.57．ＷhaｔｉｓspｅciａlaboｕttｈeＺEHcomｍunitｉｅｓ?A.Thｅｙｈａvｅcｒｅａt(yī)edcｕttiｎg-edgeteｃhｎｏlogｉes.B.Ｔheｙaimtｏｂeseｌf－sufficｉenｔinpowersupply．C.Ｔhｅyaresubdiｖidedintohａｆtａdozｅnsｅctions．D.Theyarebｕilｔｉnhａrmoｎyｗｉththeenvｉｒonment.58．HｏwareｔheresiｄeｎtsinthｅZＥHcommunitiesｂiｌleｄforelｅctｒiｃitｙｕｓe？A.Theyarｅonlychａrgedｆortｈeamountofpowerｔheycoｎsumeｏnrａinydayｓ.Ｂ.Theｙneｅdn'tpaｙａsingｌecenｔｆortheｉrpｏwerconsuｍptiononｓｕnnｙdayｓ.C.Tｈeyｏnlypayfortheｅxcesspｏwｅrｔhａｔfｌｏwsinｔoｔｈｅuｔility＇spowerｇrｉd．D.Tｈeyｐayfoｒthｅelectriｃitｙfｒｏmthｅgrｉdleｓsｔhｅirhｏｍｅ-genｅratedpower.59.Whａt(yī)doｅｓthｅ"ｎｅtｍetering"pｒaｃticｅmeａntｏtheｐoweｒｃompany？A.Moreｐｒesｓuｒeaｔpｅaｋtime.B.Lｅssprｏfiｔsiｎthｅshorｔteｒm.C.Iｎcｒeasedeｌｅctriciｔyoutpｕt.Ｄ．Redｕｃedopｅraｔiｏnaｌcoｓtｓ.60.Tｈeaｕtｈorbelｉevｅsthａt(yī)bｕyingａｈoｕseｉnaＺEHcomｍｕnｉty____＿_＿___A．iｓbｕtaｄrｅamforaverageconsｕmersB.giｖestheｏwnersubｓtａｎtｉａltaxbenefiｔｓC.isａworthyinvesｔmｅntｉnｔhelｏｎgｒｕnD.cｏnｔributeｓｔoeｎｖironmeｎtaｌｐroteｃtｉonPassａgeＴwoQuestions61ｔｏ65arebasedonｔhｅfollｏwiｎgpassage.Roｍantiｃｌｏveｈaｓcｌearevｏｌｕtiｏnaryrｏotsbutoｕｒvｉeｗｓaboutwhaｔmａｋesanidｅaｌromａntｉｃｒelatｉonshipcanｂesｗａｙedbytｈeｓｏcietｙwe．lｉｖein.SｏsayspsychoｌoｇistMａurｅenO'SulｌivａnfromtheUniversityofSanＦrａnciscｏ.Sｈｅsuggestｓthａt(yī)humａnshａvealｗaystriｅdtostrengthenthｅpａｉr-ｂondtomaｘimｉｓe(使最大化)reｐroductivesuccess．Mａｎyｓｏcｉetiesthrｏughｏｕｔhｉstoryａｎdａrｏundｔhｅworldtoｄayｈaｖeｃultiｖatedsｔronｇpｒessurｅｓtostaymaｒried.Inthｏsewｈｅrｅtｉestofamilyandcomｍtｍityarｅｓｔrong,lifeloｎgmａrｒiagescanbepromｏtｅdbypracｔiｃessｕchastheculturalprｏhｉｂitｉonofdiｖorｃeandarranｇｅｄmarrｉagｅsthatａresｅenasaｃｏntractbｅtwｅenｔwofamilies，notjｕsttwoｉｎdｉviduals．Inmoｄｅrnwesterｎsoｃieｔiｅｓ,hｏwever,thefｏcusoｎndiｖｉdualｉtyandindependencｅｍeansthatpeopｌeaｒelesscoｎceｒnｅdabouｔconformingto(遵守）thｅｄｉｃtaｔｅsofｆamｉlyaｎdｃuｌture.Inｔｈeaｂsｅnceofsoｃｉeｔalｐressurｅstomainｔainpａir-ｂonds，Ｏ'Sullivanｓuｇｇestｓｔhatｒｏmaｎticlｏvｅhasiｎcreasinglyｃｏmetobeseenａsthefactortｈａt(yī)shoｕlddeteｒminｅwｈowestaywithandｆｏrhowlong．＂That＇swhyhisｔｏrｉｃａllｙwｅseｅａnｉncｒeａseinromantｉcloveasabasｉsｆorｆorｍinglｏｎg-teｒmrelａt(yī)iｏnsｈipｓ,"ｓheｓays.ＡccordｉngtoO'Ｓullｉvanculturealsoshaｐeｓthesｏrｔｓoffeelingsｗeexpｅｃttohave,anｄactuallydｏｅｘｐeｒienｃｅ，whenｉnlovｅ.Alｔhouｇhtheｎegatiｖeｅmotionsaｓｓociａｔｅｄwithromaｎtｉclｏvｅ－feaｒｏfloss,diｓapｐointｍeｎtaｎｄjｅalｏｕsｙ-ａrefａiｒlycｏｎsistentacroｓｓcｕlｔｕres,ｔheposｉｔｉvefｅeｌingscanvaｒｙ."IfyoｕaskJapanｅｓestudeｎtstolistthｅpositiveattｒibuteｓｔhｅyexpｅｃｔｉnaｒoｍａnｔicpartｎer,tｈeyｒatehighlythiｎgｓｌikeloｙalty,comｍiｔmｅｎtａnddevｏtion,"sａysＯ'Suｌｌｉvａn."IｆyｏuaskAmeｒicancoｌlｅgewomen，theyexpectｅverytｈingｕｎdｅｒthｅsun:inadｄitｉontobeinｇcoｍmitted，pａｒtneｒshaｖetobeamusｉｎg,ｆunnyandafｒｉｅnｄ．"Wejudgeapｏtｅntｉaｌｐaｒtｎerａcｃoｒdiｎｇtoourspecifiｃcｕｌturalｅｘpectａt(yī)iｏnｓａｂoｕｔｗhaｔromantｉcloｖeｓhouldfｅelliｋe．Ifyｏｕbelｉevetｈａt(yī)youhavefouｎdtrｕｅromance,andyourcｕltuｒetellsｙoutｈattｈisｉswhataｌｏng-termrelaｔioｎｓhipshｏｕldbebaｓeｄoｎ,tｈeｒeｉsleｓsneｅｄｔoreｌyｏnｓoｃialorfamｉlｙpresｓuｒestokeepｃouplestoｇether,O'Sｕlｌiｖanargues.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。61.Whatdoestheauｔhorsayabｏutpeople'ｓviewsｏfanidｅａlｒomanticrelationｓhip？A.Theyvaryfromcuｌtureｔocuｌturｅ.B．Tｈｅyensurｅtｈerｅprｏductｉvｅｓuｃｃeｓs.C.Ｔｈeｙｒｅfｌｅcttheeｖoｌutioｎａｒyproｃess.D.They