考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽冶金科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽冶金科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.填空題

1.Darwinstatedthatindividuals[A]withcharacteristicsbestadaptedto[B]existingconditionsurviveandmakeupanincreasing[C]largerproportionoftheirspecies[D].

2.Thecoming[A]ofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimited[B],theopportunitiesofteenagerswhoarealreadyquestioning[C]theheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvingin[D]climbingJapan’srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.

3.Thepaidmanagers[A]actingforthecompanywereinmoredirectrelationwiththeworkmenandtheirdemands,butevenso[B],he[C]seldomhadthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhich[D]theemployershadoftenhadunderthesystemoftheoldfamilybusiness.

4.It’snotobvioushow[A]thecapacitytovisualizeobjectsandtofigureout[B]numericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathas[C]attractedsomeofthebestpoetsandphilosophers[D].

5.IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwith[A]leadership—thatis,itpredictedtheopposite.AnyonewhohastoiledthroughSATwilltestilythattest-takingskillalsomatters[B]whetherit’sknowing[C]whentoguessand[D]whatquestionstoskip.

6.Asdietandhealthimproved[A]childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightto[B]aboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknownas[C]theobvioustrendinheight[D].

7.AndersEricsson,58-year-oldpsychologyprofessor[A]atUniversityofFlorida,sayshebelievesstronglyin“allofpsychology.”Ericssongrewup[B]inSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntil[C]herealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedto[D]psychology.

8.Ifyouexamine[A]thebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2010’sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikely[B]findanoteworthyfact:famoussoccerplayersaremorelikelytohavebeenborn[C]intheearliermonths[D]oftheyearthaninthelatermonths.

9.Americanpeoplenolonger[A]expectpublicfigures,whether[B]inspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.So[C]dotheyaspiretocommandthemselves[D].

10.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshavebeenchanged[A]dramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformsto[B]fitthegrowingnumbers[C]ofbiggerandlonger[D]frames.

【答案】1.【試題答案】C

2.【試題答案】D

3.【試題答案】C

4.【試題答案】C

5.【試題答案】D

6.【試題答案】B

7.【試題答案】A

8.【試題答案】A

9.【試題答案】C

10.【試題答案】A

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查詞性。C項(xiàng)修飾形容詞large，此處increasing應(yīng)改為副詞increasingly，故選C。

2.【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Sacrifices和involve之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過去分詞involved。因此D合題意。beinvolvedin“涉及”。

3.【試題解析】考查代詞。C項(xiàng)指代前文thepaidmanagers，為負(fù)數(shù)，因此該用they不是he，故選C。

4.【試題解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在此處that指代的先行詞為questions，為復(fù)數(shù)，遵守主謂一致的原則，應(yīng)該是have不是has，故選C。

5.【試題解析】考查連詞。此處考查whether...or...“是……還是……，或者……或者……”，and錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)是or，故選D。

6.【試題解析】考查介詞。此處句意為：每20年身高增加了1.5寸。increaseto“增加到”；increaseby“增加了”，用介詞by更合適，故選B。

7.【試題解析】考查冠詞。58-year-oldpsychologyprofessor是AndersEricsson的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋說明，因此professor前面應(yīng)有冠詞a，故選A。

8.【試題解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為woulddo，可以判斷出這是對(duì)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的虛擬，從句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用examined。故選A。

9.【試題解析】考查副詞。Neither才是否定的“也”，故選C。

10.【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，此處應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，去掉been才正確，故選A。

2.單選題

Theannouncementofthedeathoftheirleadercausedthereafterafeelingofgreatdespairto（

）theirlives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overflow

B.scatter

C.permeate

D.manipulate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。overflow“使溢出”；scatter“散播；散開”；permeate“彌漫；充滿”；manipulate“操級(jí)；操作”。句意：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)去世的消息使得絕望的心情彌漫在他們生活中。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

1.兩千余年來(lái)，絲綢之路作為中西交通的大動(dòng)脈承載著中國(guó)與世界的交往、對(duì)話，彰顯著古代中國(guó)開放的文化品格、不朽的文明成果。今天，“絲綢之路”一詞早已超越其歷史含義，成為一種精神象征，為當(dāng)今世界的和平與發(fā)展提供了價(jià)值典范。

2.談到美國(guó)文學(xué)時(shí)，不能斷言它與歐洲文學(xué)截然不同。廣義上說，美國(guó)和歐洲齊頭并進(jìn)。在任何時(shí)間，旅行者都會(huì)在兩地發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣風(fēng)格的建筑、相同式樣的服裝，書店出售相同的書籍。思想如同人和商品一樣會(huì)自由自在地跨越大西洋，盡管有時(shí)速度慢些。

3.當(dāng)人類逐漸了解自然，開始向自然索取并慢慢發(fā)展到企圖征服自然，并愈演愈烈時(shí)，自然的和諧與平衡便遭到毀壞?；哪牡貐^(qū)出現(xiàn)了，災(zāi)難性的洪水來(lái)臨了，連空氣和水質(zhì)也常受到污染，人類賴以生存的環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)受到了破壞。

【答案】1.TheSilkRoad,asthetrafficarteryconnectingChinaandtheWest,hasbornetheweightofdialogueandcommunicationbetweenChinaandtheworld,andhasalsodemonstratedanopenculturalcharacterofancientChinaandimmortalcivilizationforovertwothousandyears.Nowadaysthewordofthe“SilkRoad”hasalreadyexceededitshistoricalmeaning,andbecomeaspiritualsymbol,providingamodelofvalueforthepeaceanddevelopmentofthepresentworld.

2.TospeakofAmericanliteraturewecan’tassertthatitisentirelydifferentfromEuropeanliterature.Broadlyspeaking,AmericaandEuropehaveadvancedsidebyside.Atanytime,thetravelercouldfindthesamestylesinarchitecture,thesamepatternsindress,thesamebooksonthebookshopsintwodifferentplaces.ThoughtscanspantheAtlanticOceanasfreelyasmenandcommodities,althoughsometimesthespeedisslow.

3.Humanbeingsbegantoaskforsomethingfromnatureandeventriedtoconqueritastheyknewmoreandmoreaboutit.Asthesituationintensified,theharmonyandequilibriumofnaturewererudelydemolished.Therehavebeendesertifiedzoneandcatastrophicflood.Evenairandwaterwereoftenpolluted.Theenvironmentwhichwedependonforalivingwasdeteriorated.

4.單選題

Ⅲ.(InternationalLaw)

ThePanelobservesthatArticle1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.”

ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard,butrathergrantsfreedomtodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementationoftheprovisionstowhichtheyarerequiredtogiveeffectunderthefirstsentence.ThePanelagreesthatdifferencesamongMembers’respectivelegalsystemsandpracticestendtobemoreimportantintheareaofenforcement.However,acoherentreadingofthethreesentencesofArticle1.1doesnotpermitdifferencesindomesticlegalsystemsandpracticestojustifyanyderogationfromthebasicobligationtogiveeffecttotheprovisionsonenforcement.

Therefore,thestandardofcompliancewithArticle61istheminimuminternationallyagreedstandardsetoutinthatArticle.TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliabilityandsanctionsforotherwrongfulactsinareasnotsubjecttointernationalobligationsundertheTRIPSAgreement,unlessitsostates.Forexample,thesecondsentencerefersto“crimesofacorrespondinggravity”,whichmightrefertodomesticpracticeinotherareas.However,thefirstsentenceofArticle61doesnotmakeanysuchreference.

Fortheabovereasons,thePanelconfirmsitsviewthatthefirstsentenceofArticle61oftheTRIPSAgreementimposesanobligation.ThePanelwillnowturntothetermsusedinthatprovision,readincontextandinlightoftheobjectandpurposeoftheAgreement,todeterminethescopeandcontentofthatobligation.

59.WhatisrequiredbyArticle1.1ofTRIPS?

60.Whichoftheflowingisthemostsuitabletopicforthe2ndparagraph?

61.OnecaninferfromtheunderlinedphrasethatthefirstsentenceofArticle61___.

62.Theunderlinedphrase“deferto”inthe3rdparagraphmeansto___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ToprovidethesametreatmenttonationalsofotherWTOmembers.

B.ToprovidemoreextensiveprotectionthanrequiredbyTRIPS.

C.TotakespecificmethodtoimplementtheprovisionsofTRIPS.

D.TogiveeffecttotheprovisionsofTRIPS.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheinterpretationofArticle1.1ofTRIPS.

B.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPScannotbederogated.

C.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPS.

D.The3sentencesofArticle1.1ofTRIPShavedifferentmeaning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.makessomestatements

B.sostates

C.isanobligationoftheWTOmembers

D.isthesameastheprovisionsofTRIPS

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.delay

B.givewaytosomebody’sjudgment

C.respect

D.postpone

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement…”（《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定如下：“各成員應(yīng)實(shí)施本協(xié)定的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定。各成員可以(但不應(yīng)被迫)在其法律中實(shí)施比本協(xié)定要求的更廣泛的保護(hù)，只要此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定……”）可知選D選項(xiàng)“實(shí)施《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款”，以及B選項(xiàng)“提供比《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》要求的更廣泛的保護(hù)”不符合原文，原文是需要在“此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定”這個(gè)前提下；A選項(xiàng)“向其他世貿(mào)組織成員的國(guó)民提供同樣的待遇”和C選項(xiàng)“采取具體方法實(shí)施《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款”第一段未提及。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

60.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement…ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard…（第1.1條第一句規(guī)定了成員“應(yīng)使”本協(xié)定條款生效的基本義務(wù)……第1.1條的第二句話澄清了《協(xié)定》的規(guī)定僅是最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因?yàn)樗o予成員執(zhí)行更高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自由，但須有一個(gè)條件。第1.1條第3句不給予成員執(zhí)行較低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自由……）可知第二段都在解釋說明Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreement（《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條）的內(nèi)容，選A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條的解釋”；B選項(xiàng)“不能減損《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定的義務(wù)”，C選項(xiàng)“《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定的義務(wù)”以及D選項(xiàng)“《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條的3句話有不同的含義”都是第二段的片面內(nèi)容，不足以概括整個(gè)段落。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文劃線句子部分ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.（這意味著，《協(xié)定》的規(guī)定在規(guī)定的地方是義務(wù)，第61條第一句就說明了這一點(diǎn)），這里所提到的這一點(diǎn)即第二段第一句的內(nèi)容ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.（第1.1條第一句規(guī)定了成員應(yīng)實(shí)施”本協(xié)定各項(xiàng)規(guī)定的基本義務(wù)。），選C選項(xiàng)“是世貿(mào)組織成員的義務(wù)”；A選項(xiàng)“做一些陳述”，B選項(xiàng)“這樣說的”以及D選項(xiàng)“與《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款相同”都不符合原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliability（第六十一條的最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不尊重我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)刑事責(zé)任定義的實(shí)踐），deferto在本句中表示“尊重；聽從”；A選項(xiàng)“延遲”；B選項(xiàng)“讓步于某人的判斷”；C選項(xiàng)“尊重”；D選項(xiàng)“推遲”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Awearabletechnologydeveloped-byresearchersatWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicinemayhelpsurgeonsto（）cancercells,whichwillhelptoensurethatnostraytumorcellsareleft-behindduringsurgicalprocedures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.utilize

B.visualize

C.transcend

D.transform

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。utilize利用；visualize顯現(xiàn)，可視化；transcend勝過，超越；transform變換，改變。由which引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容可知“這可穿戴的技術(shù)可以幫助確保癌細(xì)胞無(wú)殘留”說明這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能夠讓外科醫(yī)生在手術(shù)過程過看清楚癌細(xì)胞。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：華盛頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)的一種可穿戴技術(shù)可能有助于外科醫(yī)生看清楚癌細(xì)胞，這將有助于確保在手術(shù)過程中不會(huì)留下任何游離的腫瘤細(xì)胞。

6.單選題

Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown，andthepumpshadtobeoperated（）in-

steadofmechanically.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manually

B.artificially

C.automatically

D.synthetically

【答案】A

【解析】句意：船的發(fā)電機(jī)出了故障，所以得（）操作泵以代替機(jī)械操作。A選項(xiàng)manually手工地；B選項(xiàng)artificially人為地；C選項(xiàng)automatically自動(dòng)地；D選項(xiàng)synthetically綜合地，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

AccordingtothetraditionalChineselunarcalendar,we’llofficiallywelcometheYearoftheHorsefollowingthearrivalofSpringFestival.

Thehorsehasplayedanimportantrotethroughouthumanhistoryallovertheworld.Horseswereusedforthousandsofyearsasameansoftransport,aweaponofwarandaplougheroffields,butthehorsewasmorethanjustavehicle—ithadmorecharacterthanacar,atankoratractor.IntheMiddleAgesinWesternsocieties,thehorsewasasymbolofchivalry（騎士精神）andnobility.Infact,theword‘‘chivalry’，coinesfrom“cheval”inOldFrench,whichmeanthorse.Theideaofchivalryhelpedtofashionthe19th-centuryconceptofthe“gentleman”，whichwasrelatedtocourtesy,courageandloyaltytofriends.Nowadays,becauseofeconomicdevelopment,peopleinModemsocietiesarelesslikelytoseeorridehorses.Peoplelivingincities,inparticular,hardlyeverexperiencehorsesexceptthroughmovies,paintingsorbooks.

Besidestheirphysicalstrengths,horseshavepowerfulbrains.Maybethat’swhytheChineseidiomsays:“Anoldhorsenevergetslost”.Sincethehorseishonoredasasymbolofvigor,loyalty,persistenceandintelligence,peoplebomintheYearoftheHorsearesaidtosharesuchgoodqualities.

B.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish.

中國(guó)作為文明古國(guó)，同樣有著輝煌的城市發(fā)展史。中國(guó)的城市也具有自身特色。改革開放30多年來(lái)，中國(guó)工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化(urbanization)步伐明顯加快，城鎮(zhèn)居民從1.7億人增加到近7億人，形成了一批有重要影響與發(fā)展活力的城市群，促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步。城市化對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、文化都有巨大而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。面向未來(lái)，中國(guó)致力于推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，把城鎮(zhèn)化作為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的重大戰(zhàn)略。

【答案】A.

按照中國(guó)農(nóng)歷，隨著春節(jié)的到來(lái)，我們將正式迎來(lái)馬年。

在世界各國(guó)，馬在人類歷史上都扮演著舉足輕重的角色。數(shù)千年來(lái)，馬被用作運(yùn)輸工具、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)武器以及犁地農(nóng)具。但其實(shí)，馬不僅僅是一種交通工具，其地位要遠(yuǎn)超汽車、坦克和拖拉機(jī)。在中世紀(jì)的西方社會(huì)，馬是騎士精神和貴族的象征。實(shí)際上，騎士精神chivalry—詞來(lái)源于古法語(yǔ)中的“馬(cheval)”。在騎士精祌的推動(dòng)下，19世紀(jì)代表禮貌、勇氣和真誠(chéng)的“紳士粘祌”成為一種風(fēng)尚。如今，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的人很少看到馬或騎馬。尤其是城市中的人們，除了通過電影、繪畫和書籍，幾乎沒有接觸過馬。

馬除了健壯的體魄外，還擁有強(qiáng)大的頭腦，這或許就是成語(yǔ)“老馬識(shí)途”的由來(lái)吧。馬是活力、忠誠(chéng)、毅力和智慧的象征，因此傳說屬馬之人也具備這些優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。

B.

China,acountrywithanancientcivilization,alsohasaproudhistoryofurbandevelopment.Chinesecitiesarealsouniqueintheirownways.Sincethelaunchingofreformandopening-upprogramover30yearsago,Chinahasquickenedthepaceofindustrializationandurbanization,withurbanpopulationincreasingfrom170milliontosome700million.Theemergenceofanumberofcityclusterswithstronginfluenceanddynamismfordevelopmenthasboostedeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.Urbanizationhasatremendousandprofoundimpactoneconomy,societyandculture.Goingforward,Chinawillpursuedevelopmentinascientificway,accelerateshiftofthegrowthmodelandtakeurbanizationasanimportantstrategyforpromotingmodernization.

8.單選題

TheMayacivilizationreacheditsperiodofgreatestdevelopmentaboutA.D.250andcontinuedto（）forhundredsofyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thrive

B.flourish

C.prevail

D.popularize

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。thrive繁榮,興旺,主要指生長(zhǎng)得健壯;flourish繁榮,興旺,指健康地成長(zhǎng)發(fā)展或處于發(fā)展的高峰;prevail盛行,戰(zhàn)勝;popularize普及,推廣。句意：瑪雅文明大約在公元250年達(dá)到了其最偉大的發(fā)展時(shí)期,并持續(xù)繁榮了數(shù)百年。所以選項(xiàng)B更合適。

9.單選題

Itriedtocontrolmytemperandfocusonourbusiness,butintheendIdecidedthatIhadtodiscussaboutthematterwiththepeoplewhohadoverchargedus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.focusonourbusiness

B.intheend

C.discussaboutthematter

D.whohadoverchargedus

E.沒有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。介詞多余。去掉about。discuss是及物動(dòng)詞,后面不需要接介詞about。

10.翻譯題

思維這一主題是心理學(xué)的一個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域，許多觀察者在研究機(jī)器人和計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)都考慮到了這一方面：一些由來(lái)已久的關(guān)于AI（人工智能）的憂慮與計(jì)算機(jī)能否思考密切相關(guān)。第一批巨大的能快速運(yùn)算（即使往往不太可靠）并且?guī)缀趸蛲耆荒苓M(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)的電子計(jì)算機(jī)，不久便被稱作“電腦”。接著很快便產(chǎn)生了對(duì)這一術(shù)語(yǔ)的反應(yīng)：為了做到恰如其分，人們把計(jì)算機(jī)稱作“高速白癡”，以保護(hù)人類的虛榮心。在這樣一種氛圍里，人們很少考慮計(jì)算機(jī)可以實(shí)際上具有生命的可能性：計(jì)算機(jī)竟有可能思考，這已經(jīng)夠糟糕的了。但并不是人人都意識(shí)到“高速白癡”這一稱謂的含義是什么。人們很少提到的是：即使是人類中的白癡，也是地球上最有智慧的生命形態(tài)之一，如果早期的計(jì)算機(jī)就有那么聰明，那已經(jīng)就是很了不起的事了。

【答案】Thetopicofthoughtisoneareaofpsychology,andmanyobservershaveconsideredthisaspectinconnectionwithrobotsandcomputers:someoftheoldworriesaboutAI(artificialintelligence)werecloselylinkedtothequestionofwhethercomputerscouldthink.Thefirstmassiveelectroniccomputers,capableofrapid(ifoftenunreliable)computationandlittleornocreativeactivity,weresoonnamed“electronicbrains”.Areactiontothisterminologyquicklyfollowed:Toputthemintheirplace,computerswerecalled“high-speedidiots”,anefforttoprotecthumanvanity.Insuchaclimate,thepossibilityofcomputersactuallybeingalivewasrarelyconsidered:itwasbadenoughthatcomputersmightbecapableofthought.Butnoteveryonerealizedtheimplicationsoftheexpressionthe“high-speedidiot”tag.Ithasnotbeenpointedoutoftenenoughthateventhehumanidiotisoneofthemostintelligentlifeformsontheearth.Iftheearlycomputerswereeventhatintelligent,itwasalreadyaremarkablestateofaffairs.

11.單選題

Theworld'soceanshavewarmed50percentfasteroverthelast40yearsthanpreviouslythoughtduetoclimatechange,AustralianandUSclimateresearchersreportedWednesday.Higheroceantemperaturesexpandthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.

Thestudy,publishedintheBritishjournalNature,addstoagrowingscientificchorusofwarningsaboutthepaceandconsequencesofrisingoceans.ItalsoservesasacorrectivetoamassivereportissuedlastyearbytheNobel,winningUNIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),accordingtotheauthors.

Risingsealevelsaredrivenbytwothings:thethermalexpansionofseawater,andadditionalwaterfrommeltingsourcesofice.Bothprocessesarecausedbyglobalwarming.TheicesheetthatsitsatthetopofGreenland,forexample,containsenoughwatertoraiseworldoceanlevelsbysevenmetres(23feet),whichwouldburysea-levelcitiesfromDhakatoShanghai.

Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.Butuptonow,therehasbeenaperplexinggapbetweentheprojectionsofcomputer-basedclimatemodels,andtheobservationsofscientistsgatheringdatafromtheoceans.

Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustralianWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.

1.36.Whathappenswhentheocean'stemperaturerises?

2.37.Theriseinwaterlevelsisespeciallydangerousforsmallislandnationsand（）.

3.38.Thenewstudy（）.

4.39.Ultimately,thenewstudyshouldhelpscientiststo（）.

5.40.Whatwasthemainfindingofthestudy?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itcausessealevelstorise.

B.Itcausessealevelstoremainconstant.

C.Itcausessealevelstodecrease.

D.Itcausessealevelstochange.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.low-lyingurbanareas

B.allcoastalcities

C.peoplewholiveonthebeach

D.peoplewholivearoundtheglobe

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.32millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevels

B.didnotrevealanythingthatscientistsdidn'talreadyknow

C.usednewtechniquestoassessoceantemperatures

D.showshowquicklythesealevelsfall

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lowerwaterlevels

B.findoutwhatiswrongwiththeearth

C.burysea-levelcitieslikeDhakaandShanghai

D.betterpredictclimatechange

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Notenoughisbeingdoneaboutglobalwarming.

B.Oceanwatershavewarmedfasterthanscientistshadpreviouslythought.

C.Thewarmingoftheworld'soceansisnotathreat.

D.Theriseofsealevelshasnothingtodowithoceantemperature.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞ocean’stemperaturerises可以定位到文章第一段中“Higheroceantemperaturesexpendthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”中文翻譯為“海水溫度的升高將會(huì)導(dǎo)致海水體積的膨脹，從而導(dǎo)致海平面的上升，最終淹沒那些較小的島國(guó)并且對(duì)處在全球地勢(shì)低洼的人口密集的三角洲地區(qū)構(gòu)成威脅”可以得知海水溫度升高會(huì)使海平面上升。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：海平面上升尤其會(huì)對(duì)小島國(guó)和…構(gòu)成威脅。定位到第一段中“contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”譯為：導(dǎo)致海平面上升，最終淹沒那些較小的島國(guó)并且對(duì)處在全球地勢(shì)低洼的人口密集的三角洲地區(qū)構(gòu)成威脅。因此A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞newstudy可以定位到文章最后一段。其中第一句話“Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustraliaWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.”中文翻譯為：由于澳大利亞的天氣和氣候研究中心的CatiaDomingues主導(dǎo)的這一項(xiàng)新的研究首次將模型與觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)相協(xié)調(diào)。可知B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；第二句話“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”譯為：通過使用新技術(shù)對(duì)海平面2300英尺以下的海水溫度進(jìn)行評(píng)估，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從1961年到2003年，氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的0.32毫米。由此可以選項(xiàng)A，D錯(cuò)誤。故答案選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第四段中“Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.”譯為：“科學(xué)家們表示，明確這些因素導(dǎo)致海平面上升的方式，對(duì)于理解氣候變化和預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)氣溫的升高至關(guān)重要”以及最后一段中“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”譯為：通過使用新技術(shù)對(duì)海平面2300英尺以下的海水溫度進(jìn)行評(píng)估，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從1961年到2003年，氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的0.32毫米?？芍@將有助于科學(xué)家們后期更好地預(yù)測(cè)氣候變化，因此答案選D。

5.根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段中“...itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC”中文翻譯為：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的032毫米。因此選擇答案B。

12.單選題

Ⅹ.(IntellectualProperties)

Incaseswhereanominativefairusedefenseisraised,weaskwhether(1)theproductwas“readilyidentifiable”withoutuseofthemark;(2)defendantusedmoreofthemarkthannecessary;or(3)defendantfalselysuggestedhewassponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.ButifthenominativeusesatisfiesthethreefactorNewKidstest,itdoesn’tinfringe.IfthenominativeusedoesnotsatisfyalltheNewKidsfactors,thedistrictcourtmayorderdefendantstomodifytheiruseofthemarksothatallthreefactorsaresatisfied;itmaynotenjoinnominativeuseofthemarkaltogether.ThedistrictcourtenjoinedtheTabarisfromusing“anyTTTdomainname,servicemark,trademark,tradename,metatagorothercommercialindicationoforiginthatincludesthemarkLEXUS.”Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.Accordingly,“wemustensurethattheinjunctionistailoredtoeliminateonlythespecificharmalleged.”Toupholdthebroadinjunctionenteredinthiscase,wewouldhavetobeconvincedthatconsumersarelikelytobelieveasiteissponsoredorendorsedbyatrademarkholderwheneverthedomainnamecontainsthestringoflettersthatmakeupthetrademark.Inperformingthisanalysis,ourfocusmustbeonthe“‘reasonablyprudentconsumer’inthemarketplace”.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.Theinjunctionhereisplainlyoverbroad—asevenToyota’scounselgrudginglyconcededatoralargument—becauseitprohibitsdomainnamesthatontheirfacedispelanyconfusionastosponsorshiporendorsement.

87.The3factortestfornominativefairuseisNOTdesignedto___.

88.Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementbecause___.

89.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecaninferthat___.

90.WhichofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryforthecourttoupholdthebroadinjunctionmadebythelowercourt?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventamistakenbeliefthattheuseisendorsedbythetrademarkholder

B.resolvethelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeuse

C.dealwiththemistakenbeliefbytheconsumers

D.addresstheriskofnominativeuse

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

B.acompanymayusemoremarksthannecessary

C.ofacompany’suseofanunnecessarytrademark

D.itisnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theFirstAmendmentconcernswithfreedomofspeech

B.atrademarkinjunctioncaninterferewithtruthfulcommunication

C.atrademarkinjunctionalwaysinvolvesnominativefairuse

D.buyersandsellersareinthemarketplace

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace.

B.Theunreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppers

C.Theprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline

D.ThekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’website

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】87.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.（這個(gè)測(cè)試“評(píng)估指稱性使用例中混淆的可能性”。它的目的是解決這樣一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即商標(biāo)的提名使用會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者誤以為說話者是由商標(biāo)持有人贊助或支持的）可知C選項(xiàng)“處理消費(fèi)者的錯(cuò)誤信念”并不是命名的合理使用的三因素測(cè)試設(shè)計(jì)的目的；A選項(xiàng)“防止錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為使用是由商標(biāo)持有人支持的”，B選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用混淆的可能性”以及D選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”是其測(cè)試涉及的目的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

88.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.（第三個(gè)因素直接說明了這種混淆的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而其他因素則間接說明了這一點(diǎn)：如果一家公司使用了不必要的商標(biāo)或比必要的商標(biāo)“更多”，消費(fèi)者可能會(huì)合理地推斷出贊助或支持）可知選B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)公司可能使用比必要的更多的標(biāo)志”；A選項(xiàng)“公司沒有必要使用商標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“公司使用不必要的商標(biāo)”以及D選項(xiàng)“公司使用商標(biāo)是必要的”不符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

89.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到劃線句子部分Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.（一項(xiàng)商標(biāo)禁令，特別是涉及提名的合理使用的禁令，可能會(huì)引起《第一修正案》(FirstAmen