考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津廣播影視職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津廣播影視職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Heroinaddictiontodayisfoundchieflyamongyoungmenofminoritygroupsinghetto(貧民區(qū))areas.Ofthemorethan60,000knownaddicts,morethanhalfliveinNewYorkState.MostofthemliveinNewYorkCity.Recentfiguresshowthatmorethanhalfoftheaddictsareunder30yearsofage.

Narcotic(麻醉的)addictionintheUnitedStatesisnotlimitedtoheroinusers.Somemiddle-agedandolderpeoplewhotakenarcoticdrugsregularlytorelievepaincanalsobecomeaddicted.Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugseasily,suchasdoctors,nurses,andpharmacists.Studiesshowthatthistypeofaddicthaspersonalityandemotionalproblemsverysimilartothoseofotherregularnarcoticusers.

Manyaddictsadmitthatgettingacontinuedsupplyisthemainobjectoftheirlives.Anaddict’sconcentrationongettingdrugsoftenpreventscontinuinganeducationorworkingatajob.Hishealthisoftenpoor.Hemaybesickonedayfromtheeffectsofwithdrawalandsickthenextfromanoverdose.Statisticsshowthatanaddict’slifespanmaybeshortenedby15to20years.Theaddictisusuallyintroublewithhisfamilyandalmostalwaysintroublewiththelaw.

Somestudiessuggestthatmanyoftheknownnarcoticaddictshadsometroublewiththelawbeforetheybecameaddicted.Onceaddicted,theymaybecomeevenmoreinvolvedwithcrimebecauseitcostssomuchtosupporttheheroinhabit.

Mostauthoritiesagreethattheaddict’sinvolvementwithcrimeisnotadirecteffectofthedrugitself.Turningtocrimeisusuallytheonlywaytogetthatmuchmoney.Theaddicts’crimesarenearlyalwaystheftsorothercrimesagainstproperty.

FederalpenaltiesforillegalnarcoticsusagewereestablishedundertheHarrisonActof1914.TheActprovidesthatillegalpossessionofnarcoticsispunishablebyfinesand/orimprisonment.Sentencescanrangefrom2to10yearsforthefirstoffence,5to20yearsforthesecond,and10to20yearsforfurtheroffenses.

Illegalsaleofnarcoticscanmeanafineof$20,000andasentencefrom20to40yearsforlateroffenses.Apersonwhosellsnarcoticstosomeoneunder18isrefusedparoleandprobation,evenforthefirstoffense.Ifthedrugisheroin,hecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonmentortodeath.

42.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?

43.Accordingtotheauthor,howcantheaddictsgetmoneyfordrugs?

44.Accordingtotheauthor,whocangetnarcoticeasily?

45.Apersonwhosellsherointoakidcanbe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Howtocureadrugaddict.

B.Heroinandnarcotic.

C.Theharmofdrugsandtheantidrugmeasurestakenbythegovernment.

D.TheAmericanlaws.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Borrowfromtheirfamilies.

B.Byhardworking.

C.Inanillegalway.

D.Theauthordoesn’tmentionit.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Government

B.Medicalworkers

C.Theminorities

D.TheJews

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fined$20,000

B.sentencedto5to20yearsinprison

C.sentencedtodeath

D.sentencedto20to40yearsinprison

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】42.主旨大意題。本文主要闡述了毒品的危害和政府應(yīng)對(duì)毒品問(wèn)題采取的措施。因此C選項(xiàng)“毒品的危害和政府采取的禁毒措施”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“如何治愈癮君子”在文中并未談及，可排除，B選項(xiàng)“海洛因和麻醉劑”只是小部分內(nèi)容，不能作為文章的主旨，D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)法”只說(shuō)了對(duì)非法使用麻醉品的聯(lián)邦懲罰，不能作為文章主旨。故選C。

43.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在文章的第五段Turningtocrimeisusuallytheonlywaytogetthatmuchmoney.Theaddicts’crimesarenearlyalwaystheftsorothercrimesagainstproperty（犯罪往往是唯一獲得那么多錢的途徑。癮君子犯罪總是偷竊或者其他應(yīng)對(duì)貧窮的犯罪。）由此可知癮君子購(gòu)買毒品的錢多是通過(guò)非法途徑獲得的，因此C選項(xiàng)“以非法的方式”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“向家人借錢”，B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)努力工作”，D選項(xiàng)“作者并未提及”均與題意不符，故選C。

44.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在第二段Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugseasily,suchasdoctors,nurses,andpharmacists.（一些能夠輕易獲得麻醉藥物的人，如醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和藥劑師，也容易因此而上癮。）由此可知醫(yī)務(wù)人員可以輕易的獲得麻醉藥物，因此B選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)務(wù)人員”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“政府”，C選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)民族”，D選項(xiàng)“猶太人”均與題意不符，故選B。

45.推理判斷題。定位到文章的最后一段Apersonwhosellsnarcoticstosomeoneunder18isrefusedparoleandprobation,evenforthefirstoffense.Ifthedrugisheroin,hecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonmentortodeath.（向18歲以下的人出售毒品會(huì)被拒絕假釋和緩刑，即使是初犯。如果毒品是海洛因，他可能被判無(wú)期徒刑或死刑。）由此可以推論只要是販賣海洛因不論對(duì)象是誰(shuí)，最終判罪都只能是無(wú)期徒刑或者是死刑。因此C選項(xiàng)“判處死刑”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“罰款20000美元”，B選項(xiàng)“被判5到20年監(jiān)禁”，D選項(xiàng)“被判20到40年監(jiān)禁”均與題意不符，故選C。

2.翻譯題

科學(xué)是關(guān)于自然的知識(shí)總體，它代表了人類的共同努力、洞察力、研究成果和智慧?？茖W(xué)并不是什么新東西，在有文字記載的歷史以前，當(dāng)人們最初發(fā)現(xiàn)了在他們周圍反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的各種關(guān)系時(shí)，就有了科學(xué)的開(kāi)端。通過(guò)對(duì)這些關(guān)系的仔細(xì)觀察，人們開(kāi)始了解自然，而由于自然的可靠性，人們還發(fā)現(xiàn)他們能夠做出預(yù)測(cè)，從而在某種程度上控制他們周圍的環(huán)境。

科學(xué)家是一群努力洞悉自然，在表面雜亂無(wú)序中尋求規(guī)律的人。他們具有一種特殊的思考與分析能力，具有無(wú)限的耐心進(jìn)行觀察和收集數(shù)據(jù)。但是，并不能把一切科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)都?xì)w因于能力和耐心，科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)常常與創(chuàng)造性的想象力緊密相關(guān)。的確，想象力的飛躍往往是通向發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一步。另外，科學(xué)家也以其誠(chéng)實(shí)而著稱。他們非常重視誠(chéng)實(shí)，主要是因?yàn)檎\(chéng)實(shí)對(duì)他們至關(guān)重要。他們提出的每一個(gè)理論都要受到進(jìn)一步的檢驗(yàn)。每一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤或謊言必將被發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)了與他們的想法相矛盾的證據(jù)，科學(xué)家不是隱瞞證據(jù)，而是修改甚至放棄他們的想法。這樣他們積累了極其大量的知識(shí)，這些知識(shí)幫助我們更好地了解自己及周圍的世界。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Scienceisthebodyofknowledgeaboutnaturethatrepresentsthecollectiveefforts,insights,findings,andwisdomofthehumanrace.Scienceisnotsomethingnewbuthaditsbeginningsbeforerecordedhistorywhenhumansfirstdiscoveredreoccurringrelationshipsaroundthem.Throughcarefulobservationsoftheserelationships,theybegantoknownatureand,becauseofnature’sdependability,foundtheycouldmakepredictionstoenablesomecontrolovertheirsurroundings.

Scientistsareasmallgroupofpeoplewhostrivetogaininsightsintonature,seekingorderinseemingdisorderliness.Theyarecreditedwithaspecialabilitytothinkandanalyze,andwithinfinitepatienceinmakingobservationsandcollectingdata.Butabilityandpatiencedonotaccountforallscientificdiscoveries,whichoftenhavemuchtodowithcreativeimagination.Indeedaleapofimaginationisoftenthefirststeptowardsdiscovery.Scientistsarealsonotedfortheirhonesty.Theyplaceahighpremiumonhonestylargelybecauseitisessentialtotheircareer.Everytheorytheyformulateissubjectedtofurthertesting.Everymistakeorlieisboundtobefoundout.Thereforeifanyevidenceisfoundcontradictingtheirideas,scientistsdonotsuppresstheevidencebutmodifyorevenabandontheirideas.Inthiswaytheyhavebuiltupanimmensebodyofknowledge,whichhelpsustounderstandbetterourselvesandtheworldaroundus.

3.單選題

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetime,someofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit―ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.

Thismakesthemrathercynical.

1.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause（

）.

2.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts（

）.

4.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache?

5.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B.hemustbehaveasprofessionallawyersdo

C.hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D.hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dangerous

B.Demanding

C.Distressing

D.Dramatic

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B.trackingandarrestingcriminals

C.collectingandprovidingevidence

D.consultingtherulesoflaw

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B.Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C.Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D.Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B.Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C.Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D.Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”，可知第一個(gè)區(qū)別是警察的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活是圍繞著刑法的，他必須知道什么行為是犯罪，什么證據(jù)可以在法庭上證明他們所逮捕的人確實(shí)有犯罪行為?？膳袛喑鼍毂仨毥邮苄谭ǚ矫娴挠?xùn)練的原因在于要能證明他所逮捕的人是罪犯。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章中對(duì)警察的相關(guān)描述，“apoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw…h(huán)eoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence…therealoneistheunpleasantpressures…”，可知警察需要懂法律，需要在逮捕過(guò)程中收集證據(jù)，需要承受不快的壓力等等，可判斷出最能描述警察這個(gè)職業(yè)的詞為demanding“要求高的”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.”，可知在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，找到罪犯在很多情況下并不是什么大問(wèn)題。又根據(jù)第五段，“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.”，可知逮捕之后，才真正開(kāi)始偵探的工作了。他必須在法庭上證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，為此他經(jīng)常需要收集很多不同的證據(jù)。可判斷出警察需要把大量的時(shí)間和精力花在尋找和收集證據(jù)上。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.”，可知第三個(gè)最大的區(qū)別就是不快的壓力，首先，他們總是必須絕對(duì)依法行事。其次，作為公務(wù)員，他們必須取得成效。可判斷出警察必須在不違反任何法律的情況下達(dá)到最理想的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness…insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.”，可知如果偵探要偵破這個(gè)世界，世界往往會(huì)欺騙他。他遇到的任何人幾乎沒(méi)有一個(gè)告訴他真相。偵探會(huì)感到自己與外界的這種隔閡加深了。在警察想要消除犯罪的時(shí)候，而其他人可能希望給罪犯改過(guò)自新的機(jī)會(huì)而對(duì)其從輕處罰?？膳袛喑鼍炫c世界隔離的原因在于他們沒(méi)有得到人們應(yīng)有的支持。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Assoonasshecoulddosowithoutanappearanceofbeingrude,shepretendedto（）rose,andlefthimtherealone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faint

B.urge

C.yawn

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。faint“昏倒，變得昏迷”；urge“催促，推進(jìn)”；yawn“打哈欠”；sink“下沉”。句意：只要她可以這么做而又不顯得無(wú)禮時(shí)，她假裝打了個(gè)哈欠，然后起身，留下他獨(dú)自呆在那里。只有C項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.翻譯題

Passage1

Severalpromisingdrugdevelopmentstrategiesareemerginginthefightagainsttuberculosis(TB),whichcontinuestoclaimnearlytwomillionlivesworldwideeachyear,largelyindevelopingcountries.AstheTBbacteriumevolvestoresistanti-TBdrugs,andpatientsfinditdifficulttosticktoexistingdrugregimesthesearchisonforbothnewdrugsandgooddiagnostics.Somepromisingdrugsareinearlyclinicaltrials,whichcouldreducethetimeneededtotreatTB—buttheoddsarestackedagainstthembecausefewerthantenpercentofantibioticsthatenterearlyclinicaltrialsevergainapproval.Butresearchesarefindingthatfieldsinvolvingthestudyofgenes,proteinsandmetabolismofferthepotentialtounlocknewinformationaboutthebacteriumanditsinteractionswithpeopleinunprecedenteddetail.

Passage2

AsfarasWeb2.0isconcerned,biggerisdefinitelybetter.Biggertext,thatis.Largetextiseasyontheeye,andcoupledwithsnappycopywritingmakesinformationeasytoabsorb.ThelayoutofWeb2.0sitesmightbedescribedasminimal.Withafocusonlegibilityandeaseofuse,gooduseismadeofwhitespace.Whitespaceallowsimportantinformationtostandapart,providesrestfortheeye,andimpartsasenseofcalmandorder.Generousleadingalsomakestextcopyeasierfortheeyetofollow.SomeWeb2.0layoutsaresominimalthattheyvergeonboring,butdesignedwell,anunclutteredpagecanbeincrediblytasteful.Friendly,informalcopywritingallowsamorepersonalrelationshipwithwebsitevisitors.

Passage3

Theprojectmanagementteammustbecarefulnottoconfusequalitywithgrade.Lowqualityisalwaysaproblem;lowgrademaynotbe.Determininganddeliveringtherequiredlevelsofbothqualityandgradearetheresponsibilitiesoftheprojectmanagerandtheprojectmanagementteam.Inaddition,qualityimprovementinitiativesundertakenbytheperformingorganizationcanimprovethequalityoftheprojectmanagementaswellasthequalityoftheprojectproduct.However,thereisanimportantdifferencethattheprojectmanagementteammustbeacutelyawareof—thetemporarynatureoftheprojectmeansthatinvestmentsinproductqualityimprovement,especiallydefectpreventionandappraisal,mustoftenbebornebytheperformingorganizationsincetheprojectmaynotlastlongenoughtoreaptherewards.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】Passage1

在反擊結(jié)核病的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,幾種有前景的藥物開(kāi)發(fā)策略正在出現(xiàn)。結(jié)核病如今每年仍在奪去將近兩百萬(wàn)人的生命,其中大多發(fā)生在發(fā)展中國(guó)家。隨著結(jié)核分枝桿菌進(jìn)化成可以耐受抗結(jié)核藥物,而患者感到很難接受現(xiàn)有的藥物治療框架,科學(xué)家正在尋找新藥和好的診斷方法。一些有前景的藥物正在進(jìn)行早期臨床試驗(yàn),這可能縮短結(jié)核病治療時(shí)間,但是他們面臨的情況不利,因?yàn)橹挥胁坏?0%的進(jìn)入早期臨床試驗(yàn)階段的抗生素獲得了批準(zhǔn)。但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),研究基因、蛋白質(zhì)和代謝的領(lǐng)域提供了破解關(guān)于這種細(xì)菌及其與人類相互作用的空前詳細(xì)的新信息的潛力。

Passage2

對(duì)于Web2.0來(lái)講,越大肯定是越好。大的文字就是,大的文字看起來(lái)不累,配合流暢的文字內(nèi)容使得信息容易被吸收。Web2.0網(wǎng)站的排版布局（難度）可說(shuō)是微乎其微。利用好空白可以使重點(diǎn)突出,易讀,易用?？瞻啄茏屩匾畔⑼癸@,讓眼睛得以休息,并給予一種安定和秩序的感覺(jué)。寬松的行間距也讓視線易于跟隨文本流動(dòng)。一些Web2.0網(wǎng)站的布局簡(jiǎn)單到令人感到無(wú)聊的地步,但若設(shè)計(jì)上出色的話,一個(gè)四平八穩(wěn)的頁(yè)面也能成為絕頂?shù)拿牢洞蟛汀Ｓ押?、活潑的行文方式?huì)使作者與訪問(wèn)者建立更多良好的關(guān)系。

Passage3

項(xiàng)目管理隊(duì)伍必須注意不能將質(zhì)量與等級(jí)混淆。質(zhì)量低常成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題,但等級(jí)低則不是。確定和傳達(dá)所需的質(zhì)量及等級(jí)水平是項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理和項(xiàng)目管理隊(duì)伍的責(zé)任。另外,執(zhí)行組織主動(dòng)采取質(zhì)量改進(jìn)不僅能提高項(xiàng)目管理的質(zhì)量,也可提高項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。但是,項(xiàng)目管理隊(duì)伍必須清楚知道一個(gè)重要的區(qū)別一項(xiàng)目的臨時(shí)性意味著對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量改進(jìn)的投資,特別是缺陷的預(yù)防和評(píng)估,必須由執(zhí)行組織承擔(dān),因?yàn)轫?xiàng)目可能不會(huì)持續(xù)到獲得回報(bào)的時(shí)候。

6.單選題

Hemadesome（

）sketcheswhichwouldserveasguideswhenhepaintedtheactualportrait.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.primary

B.elementary

C.fundamental

D.preliminary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。primary意為“首要的，主要的，初級(jí)的，最初的”，指處于初級(jí)或低級(jí)狀態(tài)；elementary意為“基本的”，指事物的初步或起始階段，或指學(xué)習(xí)某一學(xué)科或接受教育等處于入門階段或只是剛剛接觸的基本知識(shí)或原理；fundamental意為“基礎(chǔ)的，基本的，根本的”，指作為基礎(chǔ)、根本的抽象的事物；preliminary意為“初步的，初級(jí)的”指在正式開(kāi)始舉某活動(dòng)之前進(jìn)行的“初步的、預(yù)備的”活動(dòng)。由sketches（草圖）可知選D。

句意：他畫了一些初步的草圖，作為他畫肖像之前的指導(dǎo)。

7.單選題

Intheworldofbigbusiness;JamesLintonisprecociousintheextreme.Justtwoyearsintothejobofrevivingoneofthemostillustriousnamesinretailfinance,RoCom,hehasfoundhimselfakeyplayer,inoneoftherichestandcertainlymostaudaciousdealsintheindustryPTL’stakeoverofRoCorm.

PTLispaying￡25ashareforRoComapproximately40percentmorethanthemarketvalueoftheshares—anditsofferdocumentboastedthat“PTLattachesgreatimportancetokeyemployeeshavingappropriateperformancerelatedremuneration.”Initiallywaryaboutthetakeover,Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness.Allthisandhewillnotturn38foranotherfortnight!

AlthoughLintoniscreditedwithturningRoComaround,thisismoreamatterofworkinprogressthanactualachievement.Yethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness.

Lintonhas,however,warnedthatthetakeoverisbynomeansaguaranteeoffuturesuccess;indeed,deterioratingmarketconditionssuggestthatthewayforwardwillbeanythingbutsmooth.Lintonrecentlyventuredthehypothesisthatbeingshareholderownedhad,inrecentyears,helpedthebusinessfocusandarguedthatthesector’sexperienceofrivaltakeoverswasnotencouraging.Indeed,therecentlyreportedperformanceofrivalorganizationssuchasMaftenLimitedhasnotpromotedtheno-Linton.

ItmayhavebeenhisideasaboutindependencethatmadeLintonaddressRoCom's900staffonthedaythetakeoverwasannounced,ratherthandoinghigh-profilemediainterviewsonwhatwasimmediatelyseenasafantasticdealforshare-holders.Heisacutelyawareoftheneedtonurturehisstaffifthebusinessistosucceed,somethingwhichisnotlostonthem.Thisisnotamanagement-schooldictum.Itisagenuinebeliefthateverymemberofstaffhascontributedtothefirmandenabledittonet￡1.9billionfromPTL.OtherCEOssayheisarrogant,butthisprobablyreflectsthefactthatLintonmayfindtalkingtothemdifficult.Heisalsoferociouslyintelligent,and,whileinothersthiscouldappearintimidating,inLintonitawakesfurtheradmirationamongstloyalemployees.Theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner.

LintonboaststhatstaffturnoverratesatRoComhaveremainedlowfortheindustry,atabout12percentsincehetookoverasCEOtwoyearsago.“PeoplehavearealaffectionforRoCom,andthatrunsrightthroughtheofficehere.Theyallwantustobenumberone.”hesays.Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchofRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handed.HewillneedallhisskillstokeepRoComoncourse,particularlywhenattentionhasimmediatelyfocusedonthepossibilitythatSusanMarshall,itsrespectedinvestmentchief,mightbethefirstcasualtyofthetakeover.WhateverthefutureholdsforRoCom,wearecertaintogoonhearingalotmoreofJamesLinton.

1.WhatisPTLdoing,accordingtoparagraph2?

2.WhatdowelearnaboutLinton’sworkatRoCominparagraph3?

3.WhatdoesLintonsayaboutRoCominparagraph4?

4.WhichofthefollowingissaidaboutLinton’smanagementstyle?

5.HowdoesLintonfeelaboutthetakeover,accordingtoparagraph6?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AllowingLintontorunRoCominthewayhewishesto

B.PurchasingmajorityoftheRoComsharesonoffer

C.GivingallRoComstaffregularbonusestopromotemotivation

D.DrawingupnewemploymentcontractsforRoComemployees

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.HehasachievedmorethananyoneinRoCom’shistory.

B.HehaswidenedtherangeofRoCom’sbusinessactivities.

C.Hehastakenonanumberofnewemployees.

D.Hehasmadechangestoseniormanagement.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecompanyislikelytofacedifficulttimes.

B.Thecompanyhaslostanumberofexperiencedstaff.

C.Thecompanyisexpectingtoreportencouragingresultsshortly.

D.Thecompanyneedstochangeitsfocustoremaincompetitive.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heinvolvesothersinthedecision-makingprocess.

B.Hisstafffindhimapproachable.

C.Heexpectshisstafftoworkashardashedoes.

D.HisstylediffersfromthatofotherCEOs.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Pleasedthatstaffturnoverfinallystartedtofalltwoyearsago

B.AfraidthathewilllosehisjobtoSusanMarshall

C.Worriedthatthecompanyculturemightchange

D.Happythatemployemployeeshavebeensosupportiveofhiswork

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到現(xiàn)在，林頓已經(jīng)與PTL談判達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)不干涉協(xié)議，這證實(shí)了PTL打算讓林頓根據(jù)自己的意愿繼續(xù)發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)（Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第三段提到林頓似乎確實(shí)實(shí)施了公司近70年歷史上規(guī)模最大的高層人事變動(dòng)，在關(guān)鍵員工中提拔了一些重量級(jí)人物，并改變了RoCom的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式Y(jié)（ethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段第一句可以知道公司正面臨一些問(wèn)題，處在艱難時(shí)期，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第一句提到雖然林頓全身心投入工作，但是他依然給人一種和藹可親的感覺(jué)（theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner），選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一段提到林頓認(rèn)為如果PTL太過(guò)嚴(yán)厲，他努力經(jīng)營(yíng)的學(xué)員風(fēng)氣就會(huì)被摧毀（Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchfRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handeD.，由此可知他是害怕公司文化會(huì)改變，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10%)

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay,“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsatweekend.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune’sfavoredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.

【答案】【參考譯文】

還需要指出的是，有理性的、勤勞的、有用的人們可分為兩類：第一類人，工作就是工作，享樂(lè)就是享樂(lè)；第二類人，其工作和享樂(lè)是合二為一的。兩類人中，前一類是大多數(shù)。這一類人的辛勤自有回報(bào)：在辦公室或工廠里度過(guò)的漫長(zhǎng)的工作時(shí)間不僅解決他們的生計(jì)問(wèn)題，而且使他們能痛快地享受哪怕是最簡(jiǎn)單平常的樂(lè)趣。但是命運(yùn)厚愛(ài)的孩子卻是第二類人。他們的生活自然而和諧，對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，工作時(shí)間從來(lái)就不會(huì)顯得太長(zhǎng)。每一天都是節(jié)，而當(dāng)平常人的節(jié)日來(lái)臨時(shí)，他們就覺(jué)得不自在，覺(jué)得那是對(duì)自己正痛快地過(guò)著的節(jié)日的干擾。不過(guò)無(wú)論對(duì)哪一類人來(lái)說(shuō)，換個(gè)角度來(lái)看問(wèn)題，換個(gè)氛圍生活，換個(gè)方向努力，倒是至關(guān)重要。

9.單選題

Afterthemusichad（

）therewasastormofapplause.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diedout

B.diedhard

C.diedoff

D.diedaway

【答案】D

【解析】dieout滅絕，消失；diehard難改掉，難斷氣；dieoff相繼死去，逐個(gè)死亡；diedaway減弱，消失。

根據(jù)句意，這里指音樂(lè)減弱直至消失，所以選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Theconsumer（）inrecentyearshasledtoanexplosionofshoppingcenterdevelopmentinbigcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandCanton.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boom

B.pressure

C.summit

D.volume

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boom“繁榮，迅速發(fā)展”；B選項(xiàng)pressure“迫使，密封”；C選項(xiàng)summit“頂峰，頂點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)volume“成團(tuán)卷起”。句意：近幾年的消費(fèi)（）促使北京、上海和廣州這樣的大城市中的購(gòu)物中心快速地發(fā)展起來(lái)。這里的意思是“消費(fèi)的繁榮使得購(gòu)物中心發(fā)展”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（

）oflessons.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。observation“觀察，監(jiān)視”；investigation“調(diào)查”；inspection“視察，檢查”；examination“考試”。句意：這些學(xué)生在第一年教師培訓(xùn)期的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常去一些當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校觀摩。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Iwastaken___whenIsawhimbecausehehadlostallhishair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aback

B.aside

C.about

D.apart

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)betakenaback“吃驚；大為震驚”；B選項(xiàng)takeaside“把……叫到一旁”；C選項(xiàng)takeabout“領(lǐng)……游覽……；帶某人出入娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所”；D選項(xiàng)takeapart“拆開(kāi)；剖析；粗暴對(duì)待”。句意：當(dāng)我看到他的時(shí)候，我很___，因?yàn)樗念^發(fā)全都掉光了。本句表達(dá)“看到他頭發(fā)掉光我很震驚”的意思，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Itisnosecretamongathletesthatinordertoimproveperformanceyou’vegottoworkhard.However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker.Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.Thisadaptationisaccomplishedbyimprovingefficiencyoftheheartandcertainsystemswithinthemusclecells.Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelstocompensateforthestressthatyouhaveapplied.Theresultisthatyouarenowatahigherlevelofperformance.

Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.The“overtrainingsyndrome（綜合癥）’’isthenamegiventothecollectionofemotional,behavioral,andphysicalsymptomsduetoovertrainingthathaspersistedforweekstomonths.Itismarkedbycumulativeexhaustionthatpersistsevenafterrecoveryperiods.

Themostcommonsymptomisfatigue.Thismaylimitworkoutsandmaybepresentatrest.Theathletemayalsobecomemoody,easilyimitated,havealteredsleeppatterns,becomedepressed,orlosethecompetitivedesireandenthusiasmforthesport.Somewillreportdecreasedappetiteandweightloss.Physicalsymptomsincludepersistentmuscularsoreness,increasedfrequencyofviral（病毒性的）illnesses,andincreasedincidenceofinjuries.

Thetreatmentfortheovertrainingsyndromeisrest.Thelongertheovertraininghasoccurred,themorerestrequired.Therefore,earlydetectionisveryimportant,Iftheovertraininghasonlyoccurredforashortperiodoftime（e.g.3-4weeks）theninterruptingtrainingfor3-5daysisusuallysufficientrest.Itisimportantthatthefactorsthatleadtoovertrainingbeidentifiedandcorrected.Otherwise,theovertrainingsyndromeislikelytorecur.Theovertrainingsyndromeshouldbeconsideredinanyathletewhomanifestssymptomsofprolongedfatigueandwho