考研考博-英語-四川信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問題1選項

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。本句主語為Thislaw，賓語為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語動詞引導(dǎo)的定語修飾先行詞accidents，定語中包含了一個when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，句意：這項法律___兒童下車時跑過馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語，法律不會主動做某事，可至空格需要填入被動語態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.

問題1選項

A.transition

B.transmission

C.transformation

D.transfer

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。transition轉(zhuǎn)變，過渡，變遷；transmission傳播；transformation變化，轉(zhuǎn)換；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移。句意是：我很喜歡四季的交替，但我最喜歡秋到冬的（）。因此，A選項transition符合句意。

3.單選題

Lawyersemergedfrom（）intheeighteencenturytobecomekeymembersofthecommercialcolonies.

問題1選項

A.prominence

B.obscurity

C.significance

D.originality

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。prominence“突出，顯著”；obscurity“朦朧，晦澀，身份低微”；significance“意義，重要性”；originality“創(chuàng)意，創(chuàng)造力”。句意：18世紀，律師從默默無聞一躍成為商業(yè)殖民地的重要成員。此處需要注意題干中的“from...to...”，說明有轉(zhuǎn)變，to后面是“重要成員”，而能體現(xiàn)這一轉(zhuǎn)變的選項為Bobscurity。

4.翻譯題

Whenyou’refedupwithself-obsessedtwenty-somethings,trytorememberthatthey’llbe33oneday.Forthat’stheagewhentheylosethe“allaboutme”attitude,researchsuggests.Bythen,youthfulselfishnesssubsidesandpeoplebegintoconsiderothers’feelingsmoreoften,researcherssay.Whenwereach33,wearealsomorelikelytomakeaneffortwithparentsandgrandparentsandtakeapositiveattitudetowardsendingfeudswithfamilyorfriends.Theolderweget,themoreselflessweareinalmostallareasoflife—withtheexceptionofvolunteeringinthecommunity,thereportsuggests.Mostpeopleagreethathavingchildrenistheturningpointinchangingourattitudestowardsotherpeople.Thisiswhenweapparentlyfindourselvesworryingmoreaboutothersanddoingthingsforthem,suchascheckinghowtheyaregettinghome,offeringtohelpwithchildcareanddoingairportruns.Andwearemorelikelytokeepaneyeoutforneighbors,aswellasgiveupseatstoelderlypeopleonpublictransport.Wewillprobablyalsobemoreinvolvedinthecommunityandwillingtodonatemoneytogoodcauses.Thoseunder33aremostlikelytoadmittobeingveryselfish—with40percentsayingthattheyputthemselvesfirstinallcircumstances.However,40percentofthisagegroupregularlyvolunteerforcharityortheircommunity—higherthananyotheragegroup.Theageatwhichwearemostselfishisourteenageyears,researchersfound—withpeoplesayingthatjustgrowingupmadethemmorelikelytoconsiderothers.Otherscitemeetingtheirpartnerorbuyingahouseasthepointatwhichtheystartedbeingmorecompassionateandputtingothersfirst.ResearchersatMake-A-WishFoundationUKcametotheirconclusionafterstudyingtheattitudesof2,000adultsagedfrom20to60.

【答案】當你受夠了20多歲的自戀的年輕人，試著記住他們終有會到33歲的一天。研究表明，在這個年齡，人們會徹底改變“一切圍繞自我”的態(tài)度。研究者表明，到那時，年輕人的自私心理會消失，人們開始更多地考慮他人的感受。當我們33歲時，我們也有可能更多地與父母和祖父母在一起，并以積極的態(tài)度去解決與家人或朋友的不和睦關(guān)系。報告顯示，隨著年齡的增長，我們在生活的幾乎所有方面都變得更加無私，在社區(qū)做義工除外。大多數(shù)人認為擁有孩子是我們對其他人態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。當我們有了孩子之后，我們會明顯地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更加為別人擔心，并且為他們做事和付出，比如詢問他們?nèi)绾位丶?，主動提出幫忙照顧孩子或者去機場接機。而且我們可能更加關(guān)心鄰居，并且在公共交通中給老年人讓座。我們可能也會更多地參與社區(qū)活動，更加愿意為公益事業(yè)捐款。那些33歲以下的人可能也承認自己非常自私——40%的人說任何情況下他們都把自己放在第一位。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們最自私的年齡是青少年時期。人們說，僅僅是成長就會讓他們更傾向于為他人考慮。另一些人則表示，在遇到伴侶或買房時，他們開始變得更有同情心，并把他人放在首位。英國許愿基金會的研究人員在調(diào)查了2000名年齡在20歲至60歲之間的成年人的態(tài)度后得出了上述結(jié)論。

5.單選題

TheaudiencecheeredasNumberthreehadrowedhimselfoutandwasslumpedoverhisoaratthe（）.

問題1選項

A.deadline

B.finishedline

C.finishingline

D.finishline

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。deadline“截止線，界線”；finishline“終點線”，finishedline“竣工線”；沒有搭配deadline和finishingline，選項A和C可排除。句意：當三號選手筋疲力盡地劃到終點，伏倒他的槳上，觀眾們歡呼起來。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Theworldeconomicrecessionputan（）endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin2002.

問題1選項

A.irregular

B.illegal

C.absurd

D.abrupt

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。irregular"不規(guī)則的,無規(guī)律的";illegal"非法的";absurd"不合理的,荒謬的";abrupt"突然的,意外的"。根據(jù)句中upturn判定,worldeconomicrecession是"突然停止的"。句意：世界經(jīng)濟衰退突然結(jié)束了2002年開始的鋼鐵市場好轉(zhuǎn)的情況。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

It’sabrandnewworld—aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.They’reonsupermarketshelves,ofcourse,butalsoinbusinessplansfordotcomstartupsandinthenamesofsportscomplexes.Brandsareinfiltratingpeople’severydaylives—bystickingtheirlogosonclothes,inconcertprograms,onsubwaystationwall,eveninelementaryschoolclassrooms.

WeliveinanageinwhichCBSnewscasterswearNikejacketsontheair,inwhichBurgerKingandMcDonald’sopenkiosksinelementary-schoollunchrooms,inwhichschoolslikeStanfordUniversityareendowedwithaYahoo!FoundersChair.Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.

“Ourintellectuallivesandourpublicspacesarebeingtakenoverbymarketing—andthathasrealimplicationsforcitizenship,saysauthorandactivistNaomiKlein.“It’simportantforanyhealthyculturetohavepublicspace—aplacewherepeoplearetreatedascitizensinsteadofasconsumers.We’vecompletelylostthatspace.”

Sincethemid-1980s,asmoreandmorecompanieshaveshiftedfrombeingaboutproductstobeingaboutideas—Starbucksisn’tslingcoffee;it’ssellingcommunity!—thosecompanieshavepouredmoreandmoreresourcesintomarketingcampaigns.

Topayforthosecampaigns,thosesamecompaniesfiguredoutwaystocutcostselsewhere—forexample,byusingcontractlaborathomeandlow-wagelaborindevelopingcountries.Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.Thissavescompaniesmoneybutobviouslyputsworkersinvulnerablesituations.IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.

Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.

46.Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellus?

47.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorstateasafactorintheincreasingpresenceofbrandsinpeoples’lives?

48.ThetextsuggeststhatmostcontractlaborersintheU.S.______.

49.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat______.

問題1選項

A.Theproblemswithcurrentcorporatepractices.

B.Thenatureofcurrentmarketingcampaignsandstrategies.

C.TheimportanceofbrandsinAmericanculture.

D.Theexcessivepresenceofbrandsandmarketinginpeople’slives.

問題2選項

A.Theaggressivenatureofcorporatemarketing.

B.Thewillingnessofschoolsandmuseumstocooperatewithprivatecompanies.

C.Thelackofgovernmentregulationsofmarketingmethods.

D.Themarketingcampaignstakeuppublicspaces.

問題3選項

A.pretendtobetemporaryworkers

B.mayhavetroublesupportingtheirfamiliesfinancially

C.haveworkconditionscomparabletothoseoflow-wageworkersoverseas

D.arelikelytoreceivehealthbenefitsfromtheiremployers

問題4選項

A.inadequatefederalfundingfacilitatedtheprivatizationofschoolsandmuseums

B.governmentreducedspendingforschoolsandmuseumsfortheircooperationwithcompanies

C.publicinstitutionsweretooquicktoacceptcorporatemarketingasasourceoffunding

D.bythe1980s,veryfewpublicinstitutionswerenotbeingfundedbycorporations

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章想要告訴我們什么？”。文章在第一段就提到It’sabrandnewworld–aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.（這是一個全新的圍繞品牌建立的世界。強勢收費、制造噪音、塑造文化的品牌無處不在。），接下來幾個段落，作者通過舉例指出品牌和營銷在人民生活中的不斷滲入，包括衣服、電視節(jié)目、公共空間和教室等，并且品牌和營銷使得公司費用增加，從而迫使公司降低員工的成本；綜合推斷可知，這篇文章主要講的是品牌和營銷在人們生活的方方面面中過度滲透，D項“品牌和營銷在人們生活中的過度存在”正確；A項“公司現(xiàn)行做法存在的問題”和B項“當前營銷活動和策略的性質(zhì)”都只是文章的部分內(nèi)容；C項“品牌在美國文化中的重要性”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者認為下列哪項是品牌在人們生活中日益增多的一個因素？”。第二段最后一句提到Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.（但是，隨著品牌滲透到我們生活的方方面面，然后是過度滲透，它們背后的公司引來了更多的問題和更深入的審視，以及消費者不可避免的強烈反應(yīng)。），以及文章最后一句Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.（但企業(yè)利用了這些機構(gòu)的需求，影響太遠，用營銷計劃壓倒了公民空間。）綜合推斷，品牌在人們生活中日益增加的一個原因是品牌營銷侵略性太強，故A項“企業(yè)營銷的侵略性”正確；由文章最后一段第一句Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.（20世紀80年代，市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府對學(xué)校和博物館的開支削減相吻合。）可知，B項“學(xué)校和博物館與私營公司合作的意愿”只是市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府開支削減吻合的結(jié)果，并不符合題干；C項“市場營銷方式缺乏政府監(jiān)管”沒有提到；D項“營銷活動占用了公共空間”屬于營銷侵略性的特點。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

48.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章暗示美國大多數(shù)合同工……”。根據(jù)第五段最后一句IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.（在美國，合同勞工催生了所謂的“麥當勞工作”，雇主和工人都假裝這些工作是臨時的，盡管做這些工作通常是設(shè)法養(yǎng)家糊口的人。）可推知，文章暗含的意思就是這些美國合同工養(yǎng)家糊口可能是有困難的，B項“養(yǎng)家糊口可能有困難”正確；A項“假裝是臨時工”在文章中明確提及了，并不是暗含的意思；C項“工作條件與海外的低薪工人相當”沒提到；由第五段中的Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.（合同工是臨時雇傭的，按任務(wù)分配，雇主沒有義務(wù)提供任何福利，如醫(yī)療保險或長期的工作保障）可知，D項“有可能從他們的雇主那里得到健康福利”錯誤。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“我們從最后一段可以推斷出……”。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句的內(nèi)容Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.（20世紀80年代，市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府對學(xué)校和博物館的開支削減相吻合。這使得這些機構(gòu)非常愿意、甚至迫切地與私營企業(yè)合作。）可以推斷，學(xué)校、博物館等這些公共機構(gòu)急于通過企業(yè)營銷來削減開支，即作為一種資金的來源，故C項“公共機構(gòu)太急于接受企業(yè)營銷作為一種資金來源”符合題意；最后一段沒有提到聯(lián)邦資金，A項“聯(lián)邦資金不足導(dǎo)致學(xué)校和博物館私有化”不正確；B項“政府減少了學(xué)校和博物館與公司合作的開支”錯誤，并不是政府減少了開支，而是市場營銷；D項“到20世紀80年代，很少有公共機構(gòu)不是由公司資助的”錯誤，營銷公司幫助公共機構(gòu)的是削減開支，并不是資助。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

8.單選題

Silk,althoughitisconsideredadelicatefabric,isinfactverystrong,butitisadverselyaffectedbysunlight.

問題1選項

A.soft

B.sheer

C.fragile

D.refined

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。delicate“精美的；柔和的；易碎的”；A選項soft“柔軟的；溫柔的；軟弱的”；B選項sheer“絕對的；透明的；峻峭的；純粹的”；C選項fragile“脆的；易碎的”；D選項refined“精煉的；精確的；微妙的；有教養(yǎng)的”。句意：絲綢雖然被認為是一種易碎的織物，但事實上它非常結(jié)實，但它受到陽光的不利影響。根據(jù)句中although“盡管”和“isinfactverystrong實際上是非常結(jié)實的”可知delicate在這里的意思為“易碎的”，因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

NewYear’sdetoxproductsthatpurporttoridthebodyofharmfulchemicalsaccumulatedthroughseasonalover-indulgenceareawasteoftimeandmoney,leadingscientistssaidrecently.

Mostofthepills,juices,teasandoilsthataresoldfortheirdetoxifyingeffectsonthebodyhavenoscientificfoundationfortheirclaims,accordingtotoxicologistsanddieticians.

Theywillnotinfluencetherateatwhichthebodyridsitselfoftoxins,andanybeneficialeffectswouldbematchedatmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights.

Theentiremarketfordetoxproducts,whichisworthtensofmillionsofpoundsayear,restsonmythsaboutthehumanbodythatarehittingconsumersinthewallet,theexperts’reporthasfound.

“Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess.Thedetoxfad--orfads,astherearemanymethods--isanexampleofthecapacityofpeopletobelievein(andpayfor)magicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence.”saidMartinWiseman,VisitingProfessorofHumanNutritionattheUniversityofSouthampton.

Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists.Thefullreport,MakingSenseofChemicalStories,willbepublishedlaterthismonthbythecharitySenseAboutScience.

Itfoundthatpopularideasaboutdetoxarebasedonmisconceptionsabouthowthehumanbodyrespondstochemicalsinthediet.Theliverandkidneysarehighlyefficientorgansthathaveevolvedtobreakdownandremovetoxinsfromthebloodstream,andtheirfunctionisnothelpedbyproductssuchasGillianMcKeith’s￡19.99“24hourdetoxprogramme,”whichclaimsto“assistthenaturaldetoxificationprocessinyourbody.”

“Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason,”saidJohnEmsley,oftheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.

SirColinBerry,ProfessorEmeritusofPathologyatQueenMary,UniversityofLondon,said:“Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatpeopleusually（）.

2.Accordingtoscientists,whathelpsridthebodyoftoxinsincludes（）.

3.Theboldfacedword“expunged”(inPara.5)canbestbereplacedby（）.

4.Expertsconsideritamyththat（）.

5.Thecriticismofthedetoxindustrystarted（）.

6.JohnEmsleyandColinBerrysharetheideathat（）.

問題1選項

A.takeharmfulchemicals

B.consumedetoxproducts

C.haveabalanceddiet

D.wastemoneyonfood

問題2選項

A.goingtobedearly

B.drinkingherbaltea

C.takingcertainpills

D.doingmuchexercise

問題3選項

A.tested

B.digested

C.eliminated

D.accumulated

問題4選項

A.detoxproductshavemarvelouseffects

B.noxiouschemicalsgatherinthebody

C.peoplegenerallyovereatatChristmas

D.people’scapacitytobelieveisunlimited

問題5選項

A.ataconferenceheldattheUniversityofSouthhamton

B.fromareportentitled“MakingSenseofChemicalStories”

C.byacharityorganizationcalledSenseAboutScience

D.withastudyonpublicunderstandingofchemicals

問題6選項

A.toxinscanstayinthebodyaslongas36hours

B.drinkingexcessivealcoholleadstodeath

C.detoxtabletsfacilitatethenaturaldetoxification

D.thehumanbodyhasapowerfuldetoxsystem

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一段提到一些權(quán)威科學(xué)家表示，新年排毒產(chǎn)品聲稱可以清楚體內(nèi)因季節(jié)性過度放縱而積累起來的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)，但實際上是在浪費時間和金錢（awasteoftimeandmoney），由此可以推斷出人們經(jīng)常會購買這些排毒產(chǎn)品，因此選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。文章第三段提到多喝水、多吃水果以及早睡的排毒效果都可以與排毒產(chǎn)品相當，并且成本更低（atmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights），因此選項A符合題意。

3.詞義題。文章第五段提到在這些謬論中，有一種觀點認為，人體在日常生活中以某種方式積累有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)(Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife)，這些有害物質(zhì)需要通過一些神秘的排毒過程來被expunge，根據(jù)上下文可知排毒產(chǎn)品是用來清除有毒物質(zhì)，因此可以推斷出expunge這個詞的意思是”清除”，因此選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。文章第五段提到在這些謬論中，有一種觀點認為，人體在日常生活中以某種方式積累有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這些有害物質(zhì)需要通過某種神秘的解毒過程排出體外（Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess），通過上下文可知這個神秘的過程就是服用排毒產(chǎn)品，由此可推斷出很多人認為排毒產(chǎn)品擁有神奇的效果，但是在專家看來這些都是無稽之談，因此選項A符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。文章第六段提到了對排毒產(chǎn)品行業(yè)的批判，是開始于11位科學(xué)家對公眾對化學(xué)物質(zhì)和毒素的認知調(diào)查（Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists），因此選項D符合題意。

6.判斷推理題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到JohnEmsley的觀點：我們的身體能夠消除節(jié)假日期間攝取到臟物（Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason）；文章最后一段提到ColinBerry的觀點：即使你喝了幾乎致命劑量的酒，在沒有排毒產(chǎn)品的幫助下，你的肝臟會在36小時內(nèi)清除它（Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets）。由此可知這兩位都認為人體本身能夠排毒，選項D符合題意。

10.單選題

（）beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.

問題1選項

A.Hadtheyarrived

B.Weretheyarriving

C.Wouldtheyarrive

D.Weretheytoarrive

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。主句謂語是“should+動詞原形”，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反或與將來事實可能相反。從句部分是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，省略了if，由于句子中的時間狀語是thedayaftertomorrow，所以從句動詞應(yīng)該用與將來事實可能相反的虛擬語氣。應(yīng)為should(wereto)+動詞原形。句意：如果他們在我們后天出發(fā)之前到達的話，我們可以有一頓豐盛的晚宴。故D項正確。

11.單選題

Onaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.

“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents,”saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers.

Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,”saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheirrelationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsaged3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit.

Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“freetimewatchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime?

1.Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor:thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthetimecrunchis______.

3.Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif______.

4.TheauthorisconcernedaboutthefactthatAmericankids______.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.

問題1選項

A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparents

B.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents

C.parentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretime

D.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtime

問題2選項

A.quiteconvincing

B.partiallytrue

C.totallygroundless

D.ratherconfusing

問題3選項

A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudying

B.heislefttoplaywithhispeersinhisownway

C.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivities

D.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparents

問題4選項

A.areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities

B.areincreasinglyneglectedbytheirworkingmothers

C.arespendingmoreandmoretimewatchingTV

D.areinvolvedlessandlessinhouseholdwork

問題5選項

A.extracurricularactivitiespromotechildren’sintelligence

B.mostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoff

C.effortstogetkidsinterestedinreadinghavebeenfruitful

D.mostparentsbelievereadingtobebeneficialtochildren

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章第二段第一句Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents.（孩子們和他們的父母一樣，也受到時間短缺的影響）。C選項“父母和孩子都因缺乏閑暇時間而受苦”，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，C選項符合句意，因此C選項正確。A選項“孩子們幾乎沒有時間和父母一起玩”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項“孩子們沒有得到工作的父母很好的照顧”，文章沒有提到這一點，因此可排除。D選項“父母和孩子都在管理他們的時間上有困難”，不符合題意，可排除。因此C選項為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到文章第二段第一句Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents.（孩子們的影響同時緊縮（危機），影響他們的父母）。B選項“部分正確”，B選項符合句意。A選項“十分信服”，作者并沒有認為她給出的理由是十分信服的。C選項“完全沒有事實根據(jù)”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項“令人困惑的”，不符合題意，可排除。因此B選項為正確答案。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項“他有大量的時間閱讀和學(xué)習”，文中最后一段所說孩子們每周花在閱讀上的時間只有一個多小時，因此A可排除。B選項“他只能以自己的方式和同齡人玩游戲”，這里符合文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“自由玩耍鼓勵孩子們獨立思考，并允許他們與同齡人協(xié)商他們的關(guān)系”，因此可推測和同齡人玩耍會使孩子發(fā)展得更好，因此B選項正確。C選項“他有更多的時間參加學(xué)校活動”，參加學(xué)校活動，導(dǎo)致兒童的閑暇時間減少，因此不利于兒童發(fā)展，C選項可排除。D選項“他可以自由地和他上班的父母交流”，文章所說由于父母上班，導(dǎo)致兒童與父母之間的交流減少，因此D選項可排除。因此B選項為正確答案。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段第二句Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.（她們也做更多的家務(wù)，參加更多的有組織的活動，如足球和芭蕾舞。）A選項“areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities”（正在參與越來越多的有組織的活動），符合文章所說的內(nèi)容，兒童參加越來越多有組織的活動，因此A選項正確。B選項“越來越多的小孩被工作的母親所忽視”，文章所說，只是兩者之間交流時間減少，因此不符合題意，可排除B選項。C選項“花越來越多的時間看電視”，文章最后一段所說“孩子們把他們迅速減少的四分之一的空閑時間花在看電視上”，因此C不符合題意，可排除。D選項“家務(wù)活越來越少了”，文章第一段所說“她們也做更多的家務(wù)”，因此可排除D選項。因此A選項為正確答案。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文。A選項“課外活動能提高孩子的智力”，符合文章倒數(shù)第二段，課外活動可以提高孩子的智力，因此A選項正確。B選項“大多數(shù)孩子會在關(guān)掉電視的情況下看書”，文章最后一段所說“如果他們在電視機前花的時間減少了，孩子們也不會用閱讀來代替”，B選項可排除。C選項“讓孩子們對閱讀感興趣的努力取得了豐碩的成果”，文章最后一段所說“盡管努力讓孩子們對書籍更感興趣，孩子們每周花在閱讀上的時間只有一個多小時”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項“大多數(shù)家長認為讀書對孩子有益”，文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容，因此可排除D。因此A選項為正確答案。

12.單選題

AgriculturalprogressprovidedthestimulusnecessarytosetoffeconomicexpansioninmedievalFrance.Aslongasthosewhoworkedthelandwerebarelyabletoensuretheirownsubsistenceandthatoftheirlandlords,allotheractivitieshadtobeminimal,butwhenfoodsurplusesincreased,itbecamepossibletoreleasemorepeopleforgovernmental,commercial,religiousandculturalpursuits.

However,notallthefundsfromtheagriculturalsurpluswereactuallyavailableforcommercialinvestment.Muchofthesurplus,intheformoffoodincreases,probablywenttoraisethesubsistencelevel;anadditionalamount,intheformofcurrencygainedfromthesaleoffood,wentintotheroyaltreasurytobeusedinwagingwar.AlthoughLouisVIIofFranceleviedalesscrushingtaxburdenonhissubjectsthandidEngland’sHenryII,LouisVIIdidspendgreatsumsonanunsuccessfulcrusade,andhisvassals—bothlayandecclesiastic—tookoverspendingwheretheirsovereignstopped.SurplusfundswereclaimedbothbytheChurchandbyfeudallandholders,whereuponcathedralsandcastlesmushroomedthroughoutFrance.

Thesimultaneousprogressofcathedralbuildingand,forinstance,vineyardexpansioninBordeauxillustratestheveryrealcompetitionforavailablecapitalbetweentheChurchandcommercialinterests;theformerproducedinestimablemoralandartisticriches,butthelatterhadastrongerimmediateimpactupongrossnationalproduct.Moreover,thoughallwarsbydefinitionaredefensive,thefrequentcrossingsofarmiesthatlivedoffthelandandimpartiallyburnedallthehutsandbarnsontheirpathconsumedconsiderableresources.

Sincedemandsontheagriculturalsurpluswouldhavevariedfromyeartoyear,wecannotpreciselycalculatetheirimpactonthecommercialgrowthofmedievalFrance.Butwemustbearthatimpactinmindwhenestimatingtheassetsthatwerelikelytohavebeenavailableforinvestment.Nodoubtcastleandcathedralbuildingwasnottotallybarrenofprofit(forthebuilders,thatis),anditproducedintangibledividendsofmaterialandmoralsatisfactionforthecommunity.Evenwarshandedbackafragmentofwhattheytook,atleasttoafew.Still,wecannotplaceonthesameplaneaprimarilydestructiveactivityandaconstructiveone,norexpectthesameresultsfromanewbelltowerasfromanewwatermill.Aboveall,medievalFrancehadlittleroomforinvestmentoverandabovethepreservationoflife.Grantedthatwarcostmuchlessthanitdoestoday,thattheChurchrenderedallsortsofeducationalandrecreationalservicesthatwereunobtainableelsewhere,andthatgovernmentwasfarlessdemandingthanisthemodernstate—nevertheless,formedievalmenandwomen,supportingcommercialdevelopmentrequiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice.

1.Accordingtothepassage,agriculturalrevenuesinexcessoftheamountneededforsubsistencewereusedbymedievalkingsto（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasanimportantsourceofrevenueinmedievalFrance?

3.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingwouldhavereducedtheassetsimmediatelyavailableforcommercialinvestmentinmedievalFrance?

I.Renovationofalargecathedral

II.Asharpincreaseinthebirthrate

III.AninvasionofFrancebyHenryII

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmorepeoplecouldentergovernmentandtheChurchinmedievalFrancebecause（

）.

5.Theauthorimpliesthatthereasonwecannotexpectthesameresultsfromanewbelltowerasfromanewwatermillisthat（

）.

6.Theauthorofthepassagemostprobablybaseshiscentralargumentonwhichofthefollowingtheoreticalassumptionsoftenmadebyeconomists?

7.TheauthorsuggeststhatcommercialexpansioninmedievalFrance“requiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice”(lines59-60)primarilyforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

8.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingyieldedthelowestdividendtomedievalmenandwomenrelativetoitscost?

9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthecentralideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.patronizethearts

B.sponsorpublicrecreation

C.wagewar

D.buildcathedrals

E.fundpubliceducation

問題2選項

A.Cheese

B.Wine

C.Wool

D.Oliveoil

E.Veal

問題3選項

A.IIIonly

B.IandIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

E.I,II,andIII

問題4選項

A.thenumberofindividuallandholdingsinheavilyagriculturalareaswasbeginningtoincrease

B.anincreaseinthevolumeofinternationaltradehadbroughtanincreaseinthepopulationofcities

C.adecreaseinwarfarehadallowedthekingtodecreasethesizeofthearmy

D.foodproducerscouldgrowmorefoodthantheyandtheirfamiliesneededtosurvive

E.landlordswereprosperingandthusweredemandingasmallerpercentageoftenants’annualyields

問題5選項

A.belltowersyieldanintangibledividend

B.belltowersprovidematerialsatisfaction

C.watermillscostmoretobuildthanbelltowers

D.watermillsdivertfundsfromcommerce

E.watermillsmightwellbedestroyedbywar

問題6選項

A.Differentpeopleshouldbetaxedinproportiontothebenefittheycanexpecttoreceivefrompublicactivity.

B.Perfectcompetitionexistsonlyinthecasewherenofarmer,merchant,orlaborercontrolsalargeenoughshareofthetotalma