考研考博-英語(yǔ)-呂梁職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-呂梁職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Whilethereislittlesystematicworkrelatingforeignlanguagelearningstrategiestosuccess,thereareanumberofobservationswhichcanbemadeaboutindividualswhoaregoodlanguagelearners.

IhavebeenabletoisolatesomeoftheindividualsbyobservingstudentsinclassroomsinCaliforniaandHawaii,byobservingmyselfandtalkingtoothergoodlanguagelearners,byelicitingobservationsfromsomesecondlanguageteachers.AsIhavebeguntoobserveclasses,whatfascinatesmeishowoftentheteacherplowsaheadwiththelessonseeminglywithlittleawarenessofwhatisgoingonineachstudent,andoftenwithoutdirectingtheattentionofthepoorerstudentstohowthesuccessfulstudentarrivedathisanswer.Thatis,manyforeignlanguageteachersareconcernedwithfindingthebestmethodorwithgettingthecorrectanswer,yettheteachersfailtoattendtothelearningprocess.Iftheyattendedtoitmore,theymightbeabletotailortheirinputtotheirstudents'needsandmightbeabletoprovidetheirstudentswithtechniquesthatwouldenablethemtolearnontheirown.Indeed,nocoursecouldeverteachallweneedtoknowaboutalanguage,andthestudentsmustfindthemeanstohelpthemselves,whentheteacherisnotaround.

Thetaskofobservingthesestrategiesisacomplicatedonebecausethestrategiesnecessarilyinvolvecognitiveprocesseswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletospecify.However,whenourattentionisfocusedonobservingthesestrategies,Ithinkwemayfinditeasiertoisolatesomeofthem.Justrecently,Idiscoveredthatbyusingvideotapeswehopetohelplearnersandteachersseewhatisgoingonintheclassroom.Wehopetobeable,aswell,toabstractthelearnerstrategiesbyinterviewingthelearnerabouthisbehaviorduringaparticularclassroomwhichshowingthematapeoftheirownbehavior.

Inspiteofthefactthatweareonlybeginningtoisolatethesestrategies,Ithinkthatitisusefultolistsomeoftheonesfoundthusfar.TheyremaingeneralbutgiveanideaofthekindofstrategiesIthinkweoughttobelookingfor.

1.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Theauthorformedsomeideasaboutthefeaturesofgoodforeignlanguagelearningbygettinginformationfrom（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatthemostimportanttaskofagoodlanguageteacheris

（

）.

4.“Theymightbeabletotailortheirinputtotheirstudents'needs”means

（

）.

5.Observinglanguagelearningstrategiesisverycomplicatedbecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheSuccessfulLanguageLearner

B.RelationshipbetweenTeachingandLearning

C.LanguageLearningStrategies

D.ObservationsofLanguageClasses

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.languageclassrooms

B.talkswithstudents

C.lecturesonthistopic

D.foreignteachers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toteachstudentslearningstrategies

B.tousethetextbookskillfullyandflexibly

C.tolookforasuitableteachingmethodfortheclass

D.tohelpstudentsdeveloptheirownleaningmethods

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldprovidetechniquestofindoutthestudents'needs

B.theycouldadjusttheirteachingtotheneedsofindividualstudents

C.theycouldcutoutredundantmaterialstomeettheirstudents'needs

D.theycouldrevisethetextbooktosuittheneedsoftheirstudents

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.eitherthelearnerortheteacherwillfinditdifficulttospecifywhatexactlytheyare

B.neitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletodescribethemprecisely

C.theyarerelatedtotheprocessesoflearningwhicheventheteachercannotstateprecisely

D.theyinvolvetheleaningprocesswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletoisolate

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞“strategies”,所以本文主要講的是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)策略。選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“...byobservingmyselfandtalkingtoothergoodlanguagelearners...”……通過(guò)觀察自己和與其他優(yōu)秀的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者交談……選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)二三句，許多外語(yǔ)老師關(guān)心的是找到最好的方法或得到正確的答案，然而老師沒(méi)有注意到學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程。如果更多地關(guān)注過(guò)程，他們可以調(diào)整教學(xué)方法來(lái)滿足學(xué)生的需求，并且能夠向?qū)W生提供使他們能夠自學(xué)的方法。也就是說(shuō)，幫助學(xué)生發(fā)展自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一題可知，原文表達(dá)的意思是：他們可以調(diào)整教學(xué)方法來(lái)滿足學(xué)生的需求。也就是說(shuō)，他們可以根據(jù)個(gè)別學(xué)生的需要調(diào)整教學(xué)，選項(xiàng)B與原文表述一致，所以正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“...becausethestrategiesnecessarilyinvolvecognitiveprocesseswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletospecify.”觀察這些策略的任務(wù)是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，因?yàn)檫@些策略必然涉及認(rèn)知過(guò)程，而學(xué)習(xí)者和教師都無(wú)法具體說(shuō)明這些過(guò)程。either...or...指“不是……就是……”，neither...nor...指的是二者都不，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.單選題

Onlytwocountriesintheadvancedworldprovidenoguaranteeforpaidleavefromworktocareforanewbornchild.Lastspringoneofthetwo,Australia,gaveupthedubiousdistinctionbyestablishingpaidfamilyleavestartingin2011.Iwasn'tsurprisedwhenthisdidn'tmakethenewshereintheUnitedStates—we'renowtheonlywealthycountrywithoutsuchapolicy.

TheUnitedStatesdoeshaveoneexplicitfamilypolicy,theFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct,passedin1993.Itentitlesworkerstoasmuchas12weeks'unpaidleaveforcareofanewbornordealingwithafamilymedicalproblem.Despitethemodestyofthebenefit,theChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsfoughtitbitterly,describingitas“government-runpersonnelmanagement"anda"dangerousprecedent".Infact,everystepoftheway,as（usually）Democraticleadershavetriedtointroducework-familybalancemeasuresintothelaw,businessgroupshavebeenstronglyopposed.

AsYalelawprofessorAnneAlstottargues,justifyingparentalsupportdependsondefiningthefamilyasasocialgoodthat,insomesense,societymustpayfor.InherbookNoExit:WhatParentsOweTheirChildrenandWhatSocietyOwesParents,shearguesthatparentsareburdenedinmanywaysintheirlives:thereis"noexit"whenitcomestochildren."Societyexpects—andneeds—parentstoprovidetheirchildrenwithcontinuityofcare,meaningtheintensive,intimatecarethathumanbeingsneedtodeveloptheirintellectual,emotionalandmoralcapabilities.Andsocietyexpects—andneeds―parentstopersistintheirrolesfor18years,orlongerifneeded."

Whilemostparentsdothisoutoflove,therearepublicpenaltiesfornotprovidingcare.Whatparentsdo,inotherwords,isofdeepconcerntothestate,fortheobviousreasonthatcaringforchildrenisnotonlymorallyurgentbutessentialforthefutureofsociety.Thestaterecognizesthisinthelargebodyoffamilylawsthatgovernchildren'welfare,yetparentsreceivelittlehelpinmeetingthelife-changingobligationssocietyimposes.Toclassifyparentingasapersonalchoiceforwhichthereisnocollectiveresponsibilityisnotmerelytoignorethesocialbenefitsofgoodparenting;really,itistostealthosebenefitsbecausetheyaccrue（不斷積累）tothewholeofsocietyastoday'schildrenbecometomorrow'sproductivecitizenry（公民）.Infact,bysomeestimates,thevalueofparentalinvestmentsinchildren,investmentsoftimeandmoney（includinglostwages）,isequalto20-30%ofgrossdomesticproduct.Iftheseinvestmentsgeneratehugesocialbenefits-astheyclearlydo—thebenefitsofprovidingmoresocialsupportforthefamilyshouldbethatmuchclearer.

1.Whatdowelearnaboutpaidfamilyleavefromthefirstparagraph?

2.Whathaspreventedthepassingofwork-familybalancelawsintheUnitedStates?

3.WhatisProfessorAnneAlstott'sargumentforparentalsupport?

4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofAmerica'slargebodyoffamilylaws-governingchildren'swelfare?

5.Whydoestheauthorobjecttoclassifyingparentingasapersonalchoice?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ItsmeaningwasclarifiedwhenitwasestablishedinAustralia.

B.IthasnowbecomeahottopicintheUnitedStates.

C.ItcameasasurprisewhenAustraliaadoptedthepolicy.

D.Americaisnowtheonlydevelopedcountrywithoutthepolicy.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheincompetenceoftheDemocrats.

B.Theoppositionfrombusinesscircles.

C.ThelackofaprecedentinAmericanhistory.

D.TheexistingFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Goodparentingbenefitssociety.

B.ThecostofraisingchildrenintheU.S.hasbeengrowing.

C.TheU.S.shouldkeepupwithotherdevelopedcountries.

D.Childrenneedcontinuouscare.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfailtoensurechildren'shealthygrowth

B.Theyfailtoprovideenoughsupportforparents

C.Theyemphasizeparents'legalresponsibilities.

D.Theyimposethecareofchildrenonparents.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisbasicallyasocialundertaking.

B.Itrelieslargelyonsocialsupport.

C.Itgenerateshugesocialbenefits.

D.Itisregardedasalegalobligation.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Lastspringoneofthetwo,Australia,gaveupthedubiousdistinctionbyestablishingpaidfamilyleavestartingin2011.Iwasn'tsurprisedwhenthisdidn'tmakethenewshereintheUnitedStates—we'renowtheonlywealthycountrywithoutsuchapolicy.去年春天，其中之一的澳大利亞放棄了這一可疑的區(qū)別，從2011年開(kāi)始實(shí)行帶薪產(chǎn)假。我一點(diǎn)也不驚訝，這并沒(méi)有成為美國(guó)的新聞——我們現(xiàn)在是唯一一個(gè)沒(méi)有這樣的政策的富裕國(guó)家?！睋?jù)此可知美國(guó)仍然沒(méi)有實(shí)行帶薪產(chǎn)假。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Infact,everystepoftheway,as（usually）Democraticleadershavetriedtointroducework-familybalancemeasuresintothelaw,businessgroupshavebeenstronglyopposed.事實(shí)上，當(dāng)（通常）民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人試圖在法律中引入工作與家庭平衡的措施時(shí)，每一步都遭到了商業(yè)團(tuán)體的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。”據(jù)此可知B項(xiàng)“遭到商業(yè)界的反對(duì)”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。AsYalelawprofessorAnneAlstottargues,justifyingparentalsupportdependsondefiningthefamilyasasocialgoodthat,insomesense,societymustpayfor.正如耶魯大學(xué)法學(xué)教授安妮?奧爾斯托特（AnneAlstott）所指出的那樣，要證明父母支持子女的合理性，就必須將家庭定義為一種社會(huì)有利的單位，在某種意義上，社會(huì)必須為此買單?？芍狝nne教授認(rèn)為社會(huì)應(yīng)該支持parentalsupport，因?yàn)榧彝ナ菍?duì)社會(huì)有利的單位，孩子良好的教養(yǎng)對(duì)社會(huì)有利。故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)，養(yǎng)育孩子的成本一直在增長(zhǎng)。”和C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)應(yīng)該趕上其他發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。”以及D項(xiàng)“孩子們需要持續(xù)的照顧”與Anne的觀點(diǎn)無(wú)關(guān)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Thestaterecognizesthisinthelargebodyoffamilylawsthatgovernchildren'welfare,yetparentsreceivelittlehelpinmeetingthelife-changingobligationssocietyimposes.國(guó)家在管理兒童福利的大量家庭法律中認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，但在履行社會(huì)強(qiáng)加的改變?nèi)松牧x務(wù)方面，父母幾乎得不到幫助?！睋?jù)此可知父母真正得到的來(lái)自該法律的幫助很少。故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。由第四段“Toclassifyparentingasapersonalchoiceforwhichthereisnocollectiveresponsibilityisnotmerelytoignorethesocialbenefitsofgoodparenting;really,itistostealthosebenefitsbecausetheyaccruetothewholeofsocietyastoday'schildrenbecometomorrow'sproductivecitizenry.把養(yǎng)育子女歸為沒(méi)有集體責(zé)任的個(gè)人選擇，不僅是忽視了良好養(yǎng)育的社會(huì)效益;實(shí)際上，它是在竊取這些福利，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)累積到整個(gè)社會(huì)，因?yàn)榻裉斓膬和瘜⒊蔀槊魈旄挥谐尚У墓瘛！睋?jù)此可知作者認(rèn)為良好養(yǎng)育能帶來(lái)社會(huì)效益，養(yǎng)育子女是社會(huì)的責(zé)任，是一種社會(huì)事業(yè)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Teacherscomplainthatchildren_______thesetestswithoutbeingabletowriteadecentessay,solveamulti-stepmathproblemorconstructaframework.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookthrough

B.carrythrough

C.sailthrough

D.putthrough

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)lookthrough“瀏覽；仔細(xì)查看”；B選項(xiàng)carrythrough“（常指不顧困難）完成”；C選項(xiàng)sailthrough“輕易完成；順利通過(guò)”；D選項(xiàng)putthrough“給……接通電話；使……遭受”。句意：老師們抱怨說(shuō)，孩子們沒(méi)有寫出一篇像樣的文章、解決一個(gè)多步驟的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題或構(gòu)建一個(gè)框架，在這種情況下_______這些測(cè)試。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，sailthrough“順利通過(guò)”搭配tests“測(cè)試”比較合理，意指學(xué)生不做什么努力就通過(guò)測(cè)試了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Ifyouwanttokeepyourjobhere,youwillhavetobe（）oflongworkinghoursandlowsalary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tolerant

B.tolerable

C.bearable

D.tolerate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)tolerant“忍受的，有忍耐力的”；B選項(xiàng)tolerable“可容忍的，容許的”；C選項(xiàng)bearable“承受得住的”；D選項(xiàng)tolerate是動(dòng)詞“忍受”。句意：如果你想保住你在這里的工作，你就得忍受長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作，拿低工資。根據(jù)空格有一個(gè)be動(dòng)詞，可知空格處應(yīng)填形容詞，排除D，根據(jù)句意理解，本句表達(dá)的是忍受，而不是可容性或承受力，所以A選項(xiàng)符合句意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

There’sawhole（）ofbillswaitingtobepaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stock

B.stack

C.number

D.sequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“大量”的意思。A選項(xiàng)stock“儲(chǔ)備物；備用物；供應(yīng)物”，指儲(chǔ)存以后拿來(lái)用的物品，astockof“一批，大量?jī)?chǔ)備”；B選項(xiàng)stack“大量；許多；一大堆”，指數(shù)量很多的物品，astackof“一堆，一摞”；C選項(xiàng)number“大量”，anumberof“一些，許多”，搭配可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；D選項(xiàng)sequence“序列，順序”，指有先后順序和連貫的事物，asequenceof“一系列，一連串”。句意：有一大堆的賬單等著你去付。Thereis是單數(shù)形式，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境中一大堆的賬單和詞組用法，astackof“一堆”和bills“賬單搭配”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Althoughfamilyaffairsarethoughttobe（）,manypubliclawsaffectingallofusarebasedonwhatisthoughttobecorrectbehavioroffamilymembers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complicated

B.delicate

C.ordinary

D.private

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。complicated復(fù)雜的;delicate微妙的,精致的;ordinary普通的,平凡的;private私人的,私有的,秘密的。句意：雖然家庭事務(wù)被認(rèn)為是私密的,但許多影響我們所有人的公共法律都是建立在家庭成員的正確行為之上的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

The（）betweenthetwoplayingperiodsofafootballgameisonlyafewminutes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.internal

B.reserve

C.interval

D.radium

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)internal“內(nèi)部”；B選項(xiàng)reserve“預(yù)備，儲(chǔ)存”；C選項(xiàng)interval“間隔，間距”；D選項(xiàng)radium“鐳”。句意：足球比賽兩場(chǎng)比賽之間的間隔只有幾分鐘。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

IfIhadseenthemovie,I______youallaboutitnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldtell

B.willtell

C.havetold

D.wouldhavetold

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.wouldtell將告訴B.willtell將告訴

C.havetold已經(jīng)告訴D.wouldhavetold本將告訴

【考查點(diǎn)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

【解題思路】根據(jù)hadseen可知，從句表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，而主句用了now，可知主句是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，結(jié)構(gòu)要用would/should/could/might+do，所以該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用will；

C、D項(xiàng)不符合虛擬語(yǔ)氣的語(yǔ)法。

【句意】如果我看了那部電影，我現(xiàn)在就告訴你。

9.單選題

InWesternhistory,workwasnotonlyausefulactivity,but（）whichcarriedwithitaprofoundsatisfaction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theone

B.one

C.activity

D.work

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞theone，something等時(shí)，不能用引導(dǎo)詞which而應(yīng)該用that，所以A選項(xiàng)可首先排除；填空處應(yīng)填入代詞來(lái)指代前面提到的work，所以選項(xiàng)B正確；填入D選項(xiàng)重復(fù)，所以不正確。句意：在西方歷史上，工作不僅是一種有用的活動(dòng)，而且還帶來(lái)了一種深深的滿足感。本題選擇B選項(xiàng)。

10.填空題

Johnusedtodrinkheavilyatbusinessgatherings.Hisfriendsand（1）warnedhimnottodrivewhenhehadbeendrinking,buthealways（2）theirwarningsanddroveanyway.The（3）neverstoppedhimwhilehewasontheroad,soheconcludedthathewasanexcellentdriver（4）whenhewasdrunk.This,（5）,wasfalse,asheprovedoneeveningonhis（6）backfromadinnerwithclients.Verydrunk,hedrovethrougharedlightandcrashedintoanoncomingcarwithfivepassengers.Twowere

（7）instantly,twowereinjuredandone,thedriver,escapedunharmed.Johnsurvived,buthespenttwoandahalfmonthsinthehospital（8）fromhismanyinjuries.Afterhistrialhewassentto（9）forthreeyears.Hewasreleasedlastmonth.Nowheis（10）torebuildhislife.

【答案】1.colleagues

2.ignored

3.police

4.even

5.however

6.way

7.killed

8.recovering

9.jail

10.trying

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。由前一句中的“businessgatherings(商業(yè)聚會(huì))”及本句的“friends(朋友)”推測(cè)此處應(yīng)填“colleagues(同事)”。

2.邏輯分析。由關(guān)鍵詞“but但是”及droveanyway不管怎樣還是開(kāi)車”知這里表示“忽視他們的警告”。

3.語(yǔ)義題。由關(guān)鍵詞“stophim讓他停下了”及“ontheroad在路上”可推知第三個(gè)空應(yīng)填“police警察”。

4.邏輯分析。這里用even表示讓步:即使喝醉了。

5.邏輯分析。However表示轉(zhuǎn)折“然而”。

6.固定搭配。onone’sway在路上。

7.語(yǔ)義題。句意:兩人當(dāng)場(chǎng)死亡，兩人受傷，一名司機(jī)毫發(fā)無(wú)傷地逃跑。

8.固定搭配。recoverfrom恢復(fù),痊愈。而前面是spendtimein(花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事),后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞的ing形式。所以這里填recovering。

9.語(yǔ)義題。后面句子說(shuō):Hewasreleasedlastmonth(他上個(gè)月被釋放),所以前面說(shuō)“被判入獄”。

10.語(yǔ)義題。句意:現(xiàn)在他正在嘗試重建他的生活。

11.翻譯題

"Time”saystheproverb“ismoney”.Thismeansthateverymomentwell-spentmayputsomemoneyintoourpockets.(1)Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed,itwilleitherturnoutsomeusefulandimportantpieceofworkwhichwillfetchitspriceinthemarket,oritwilladdtoourexperienceandincreaseourcapacitiessoastoenableustoearnmoneywhentheproperopportunitycomes.Therecanthusbenodoubtthattimeisconvertibleintomoney.Letthose,whothinknothingofwastingtime,rememberthis;letthemrememberthatanhourmisspentisequivalenttothelossofabank-note;andthatanhourutilizedistantamounttosomuchsilverorgold;andthentheywillprobablythinktwicebeforetheygivetheirconsenttothelossofanypartoftheirtime.

Moreover,ourlifeisnothingmorethanourtime.Tokilltimeisthereforeaformofsuicide.(2)Weareshockedwhenwethinkofdeath,andwesparenopains,notrouble,andnoexpensetopreservelife.Butwearetoooftenindifferenttothelossofanhouroraday,forgettingthatourlifeisthesumtotalofthedaysandofthehourswelive.Adayoranhourwastedisthereforesomuchlifeforfeited.Letusbearthisinmind,andwasteoftimewillappeartousinthelightofacrimeasculpableassuicideitself.

Thereisathirdconsiderationwhichalsotendstowarnusagainstlossoftime.Ourlifeisabriefspanmeasuringsomesixtyorseventyyearsinall,butnearlyonehalfofthishastobespentinsleep;someyearshavetobespentoverourmeals;someoverdressingandundressing;someinmakingjourneysonlandandvoyagesbysea;someinmerry-marking,eitheronourownaccountorforthesakeofothers;someincelebratingreligiousandsocialfestivities;someinwatchingoverthesick-bedsofournearestanddearestrelatives.(3)Nowifalltheseyearsweretobedeductedfromthetermoverwhichourlifeextendsweshallfindaboutfifteenortwentyyearsatourdisposalforactivework.Whoeverremembersthiscanneverwillinglywasteasinglemomentofhislife.“Itisastonishing"saysLordChesterfield,“thatanyonecansquanderawayinabsoluteidlenessonesinglemomentofthatportionoftimewhichisallottedtousinthisworld.Knowthetruevalueoftime;snatch,seize,andenjoyeverymomentofit!”

Alltimeisprecious;butthetimeofourchildhoodandofouryouthismorepreciousthananyotherportionofourexistence.Forthosearetheperiodswhenalonewecanacquireknowledgeanddevelopourfacultiesandcapacities.(4)Ifweallowthesemorninghoursoflifetoslipawayunutilized,weshallneverbeabletorecouptheloss.Aswegrowolder,ourpowerofacquisitiongetsblunted,sothattheartorsciencewhichisnotacquiredinchildhoodoryouthwillneverbeacquiredatall.Justasmoneylaidoutatinterestdoublesandtremblesitselfintime,sotheprecioushoursofchildhoodandyouth,ifproperlyused,willyieldusincalculableadvantages.“Everymomentyoulose,”saysLordChesterfield,“issomuchcharacterandadvantagelost;asontheotherhand,everymomentyounowemployusefullyissomuchtimewiselylaidoutatprodigiousinterest.”

Aproperemploymentoftimeisofgreatbenefittousfromamoralpointofview.IdlenessisjustlysaidtobetherustofthemindandanidlebrainissaidtobeSatan'sworkshop.Itismostlywhenyoudonotknowwhattodowithyourselfthatyoudosomethingillorwrong.Themindoftheidlerpreysuponitself.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.

【答案】（1）如果我們的時(shí)間使用得當(dāng)，我們就能生產(chǎn)出有用的、重要的產(chǎn)品，而這些產(chǎn)品會(huì)在市場(chǎng)上贏得其價(jià)值。或者我們能利用這些時(shí)間充實(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，增長(zhǎng)才干，而時(shí)機(jī)來(lái)臨時(shí)又能轉(zhuǎn)化為錢。

（2）我們想到死，便驚恐不已，因而不惜一切努力、麻煩和費(fèi)用來(lái)保全我們的生命?？墒?，我們對(duì)于損失一個(gè)小時(shí)或者一天的時(shí)間卻往往漠不關(guān)心，忘記了我們的生命原本就是我們生活的每一天、每一小時(shí)的總和。

（3）現(xiàn)在如果從我們的壽命中扣除所有這些歲月，我們將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，能受我們支配的有效的工作時(shí)間大約僅十五或二十年而已。誰(shuí)能記住這一點(diǎn)，誰(shuí)就不會(huì)心甘情愿地浪費(fèi)他生命的每一刻時(shí)間。

（4）如果我們讓這些生命的早晨時(shí)光悄悄溜走，未得到利用，這損失將永遠(yuǎn)也無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)。等我們長(zhǎng)大了，獲得知識(shí)的能力就變得遲鈍了，因此在童年和青年時(shí)期未能獲得的知識(shí)和技能將永遠(yuǎn)不能獲得了。

12.單選題

Thecoalitionpartieshaveaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupporttheailingmarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidlyexpanding

B.steadilyimproving

C.makingchanges

D.havingdifficulties

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞ailing意為“生病的，身體不舒服的；病態(tài)的；處境困難的”；A選項(xiàng)“rapidlyexpanding”意為“迅速擴(kuò)大的”；B選項(xiàng)“steadilyimproving”意為“穩(wěn)定提高的”；C選項(xiàng)“makingchanges”意為“交換；更改”；D選項(xiàng)“havingdifficulties”意為“有困難的”。句意：聯(lián)合政黨已要求政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金，幫助支撐低迷的市場(chǎng)。由題干可知，thegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupportthemarket（政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金幫助支撐市場(chǎng)），可以推測(cè)出市場(chǎng)的情況不好，出現(xiàn)了困難。由此可知，ailing在此處最可能是“處境困難的”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Sheputablanketoverthebabyforfearthathe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.caughtcold

B.shouldcatchcold

C.maycatchcold

D.wouldcatchcold

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她在嬰兒身上蓋上了毯子以免他著涼。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。forfearthat表示“以防萬(wàn)一”,引導(dǎo)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形(should可省略),故選B。

14.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30million

participantsofallages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娛樂(lè)”；symposium“座談會(huì)’；penalty“懲罰”。句意：在過(guò)去的三十年里，跑步對(duì)于3000萬(wàn)名各個(gè)年齡層的參與者來(lái)說(shuō)成為了一種非常受歡迎的消遣方式。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

TheMedalofNationalScienceis[A]thehighest[B]awardscientificthatcanbe[C]givento[D]anyindividualintheUnitedStates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thehighest

B.awardscientific

C.given

D.any

【答案】B

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞語(yǔ)序。

【解題思路】award是名詞，scientific是形容詞，形容詞應(yīng)該放在名詞前面，所以正確語(yǔ)序是scientificaward（科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)）。該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【句意】國(guó)家科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?wù)率敲绹?guó)授予任何個(gè)人的最高科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。

16.翻譯題

20世紀(jì)，人類創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)文明和精神財(cái)富，超過(guò)了以往任何一個(gè)時(shí)代。令人遺憾的是，人類在這100年中也經(jīng)歷了前所未有的苦難，特別是遭受了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)的浩劫。但是世界的歷史從來(lái)是由世界人民創(chuàng)造和書寫的，因而正義總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝邪惡，光明總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝黑暗，進(jìn)步總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝落后，人類必然會(huì)不斷地克服艱難險(xiǎn)阻，向著美好的未來(lái)開(kāi)拓前進(jìn)。在21世紀(jì)，世界人民雖然仍面臨著許多嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，可人類也面臨著巨大的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。只要世界人民同心協(xié)力，形成戰(zhàn)勝一切挑戰(zhàn)的巨大力量，人類文明進(jìn)步的航船就必將乘風(fēng)破浪地前進(jìn)。

世界是豐富多彩的。各國(guó)人民走過(guò)了不同的歷史發(fā)展道路，有著不同的文化背景、社會(huì)制度和價(jià)值觀念，延續(xù)著不同的生活方式。這種多樣性正是世界充滿競(jìng)賽、活力和創(chuàng)新的根本原因。各國(guó)之間應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)交流和了解，在相互尊重和平等相待的基礎(chǔ)上共同前進(jìn)，而不應(yīng)讓這種多樣性成為阻礙各國(guó)人民攜手共進(jìn)的隔閡，更不應(yīng)人為地從中挑起對(duì)立和沖突。尊重和發(fā)展世界文明的多樣性，并在這種多樣性中找到共同利益之所在，是人類社會(huì)向前發(fā)展的偉大動(dòng)力。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Inthe20thcentury,mankindcreatedmaterialandspiritualwealthunmatchedbyanyothertimeinhistory.Regrettably,itwasalsointhese100yearsthathumanityexperiencedunprecedentedhardships,particularlythehavocofthetwoworldwars.Butitisalwaysbythepeopleoftheworldthatworldhistoryismadeandwritten.Therefore,justicewillinevitablyprevailoverevil,lightoverdarknessandprogressoverbackwardness.Mankindwillundoutedlykeepovercomingdifficultiesandobstacles,blazenewtrailsandsteadilymoveforwardtoabetterfuture.Inthe21stcentury,thoughthepeopleallovertheworldarestillconfrontedwithamultitudeofformidablechallenges,theyarealsofacedwithtremendousopportunitiesfordevelopment.Aslongastheyworkasoneandconstitutepowerfulstrengththatcanprevailovereverychallenge,theshipofmankind’scivilizationandprogresswillsurelysailforwardbybravingthewindandwaves.

Theworldiscolorful.Peopleofdifferentcountrieshavetraverseddifferentroads,enjoyeddifferentculturalbackgrounds,socialsystemsandvaluesandcontinueddifferentwaysoflife.Thisdiversityisjustthefundamentalreasonforcontest,vigorandinnovationinthisworld.Allcountriesshouldstrengthentheexchangeandunderstandingamongthemandadvancetowardacommongoalonthebasisofmutualrespectandequality.Theyshouldnotallowthediversitytobeabarriertotheirmarchforward,stilllessshouldtheydeliberatelyprovokeconfrontationandconflict.Respectinganddevelopingthediversityofworldcultureinwhichacommoninterestcanbefoundisagreatmotiveforthesocialprogressofmankind.

17.單選題

Intheendthelittleboywenttoschoolwithoutsomucha________ofprotest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whimper

B.whim

C.whirl

D.whistle

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“whimper”，意為“抽泣，吹口哨”；B選項(xiàng)“whim”，意為“心血來(lái)潮，突發(fā)奇想”，C選項(xiàng)“whirl”，意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)，回轉(zhuǎn)”，D選項(xiàng)“whistle”，意為“口哨，汽笛聲”。句意：最后，小男孩去上學(xué)了，并沒(méi)有多少抗議的念頭。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

The___ofhisprofessiondonotpermithimtodothat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ethics

B.ethnics

C.morality

D.morale

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ethics“倫理學(xué)；倫理觀；道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（道德信仰和對(duì)與錯(cuò)的規(guī)則，常用于倫理方面）”；B選項(xiàng)ethnics“[人類]人種學(xué)”；C選項(xiàng)morality“道德（認(rèn)為某些行為是正確和可接受的，而其他行為是錯(cuò)誤的信念）；品行；美德”；D選項(xiàng)morale“士氣；斗志”。句意：他的職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不允許他那樣做。本句表達(dá)“職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，屬于倫理方面的對(duì)錯(cuò)規(guī)則，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery（

）ofhismoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.frugal

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管他變得富有了，他在花錢方面仍然很節(jié)儉。

形容詞辨析。Economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的;careful仔細(xì)的，小心的;thrifty和frugal都有“節(jié)儉”的意思，從搭配上講，通常是bethriftywith和befrugalof;從意思上講，frugal指生活中節(jié)儉，不浪費(fèi)錢財(cái)：thrifty指精打細(xì)算；因此C符合句意和搭配。

20.單選題

Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,job-huntersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully,（

）thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.whereas

C.provided

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯連接詞。therefore為連接性副詞，表示“因此”；whereas“然而”；provided“假如，以……為條件”；otherwise“否則就”。句意：求職者通過(guò)在線求職服務(wù)求職時(shí)必須仔細(xì)選擇用詞，否則搜索引擎無(wú)法正確匹配。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

21.單選題

Conductingscientificresearchonthismostchallengingofgroupscanbecomparedtoviewingawhalethroughakeyhole.Thehulkoftheanimalglidespastfromtimetotimewhilewetrydesperatelytofigureoutwhatonearthitis.Inspiteoflotsofsparksandsmoke,wehavesofaraccomplishedlittlemorethanasmallenlargementofthiskeyhole.Someday—perhapsinthenexthundredyearswemayhaveapicture-window-sizedkeyholeandwillfinallyseewhatthewholewhalelookslike.Buteventhentheenigmaofthewhalewillstand,undecided,beforeus.

Ihavebeenstudyingwhalescontinuouslysince1967.Oneofthedelightsofthatexperiencehasbeendiscoveringthatthereisnowaytogetawhaletoadoptahumantimescale.Thisisnomorepossiblethanitwouldbeforahumantoadoptaweasel'sspeedofliving.Whalesareunhurriable.It’soneoftheirmostendearingtrails.Nowhereisthismoreengaginglyseenthanintryingtofigureoutwhatawhaleisdoingwhenwhatyouarewatchingis,forexample,play,butyouhavenotyetfiguredthatout.Thedifficultycomesfromthefactthatoneofthemajorcluestothefunctionofabehaviorpatternistherhythmofitsoccurrence.Becausewecommonlyassociateplaywithquickmotions,thekeytobeingabletorecognizeplayinwhalesislearningtothinkdifferently—intermsoflong,slowrhythms,wherethingsoccurverylingeringly(itwouldbeacomparableproblemtolearntorecognizeplayinsnails,orsloths,ortortoises).Tounderstandwhalesonemustbedeeplypatient,mustslowwaydownandbecontenttoobservepassivelyforalongtime.Onlyattheendofadaymayonesaytooneself,“Nowletmesee;whatdidIsee?Well,Isawthewhaledothis,andthenitdidthis…andthenthisandthenForheaven’ssake,itwasplayIwaslookingat.”Inordertoobservewhales,youmustbewillingtosetyourmetronomeonadagio.Then,tounderstandwhatyouhaveseen,youmustfast-forwardthroughyourobservationsbysettingyourmetronometoallegro.

Duringthefirsttenyearsofmycareerinbiology,Iwasanexperimentalist.Iworkedinneurophysiologyandbehavioranddidexperimentsonhowbatsdeterminethedirectionfromwhichsoundiscoming,howowlslocatetheirpreyintotaldarknessbyhearingit,andhowmothsdeterminethedirectionfromwhichabatisapproaching(sotheycanmakeevasivemaneuverstoavoidit).WhenIstartedstudyingwhales—agroupofspeciesuponwhichitisallbutimpossibletoexperiment—IworriedwhetherIwouldfindtheworkstimulatingenoughorwhetheritwouldseenboringsimplyobserving,withouteverbeingabletomanipulateanythingordoanexperiment.Ihadenjoyedexperimentalwork—atthattimeofmylifeIlikedmanipulatingthings—yetIhadverylittleideaofhowtomakegood,passivefieldobservations.ButIsoonappreciatedthegreaterrewardsoffindingthingsoutthroughpassiveobservations.Isoonrealizedthattheconstraintsposedbypassiveobservationcanbemorechallengingthanthoseposedbyexperimentalwork.Itisratherliketheconstraintsofthesonnetform,whichmakecomposingpoetryexquisitelychallenging.Passiveobservationrequiresasubtlerwayofthinking,andtheresultcanbesonnetsratherthanballads.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.InPara.1,thephrase"sparksandsmoke"primarilyservestosuggest（

）.

3