2022年初中英語重點知識歸納講解及專項訓(xùn)練：賓語從句

1、賓語從句 重點知識歸納及講解 概述1在復(fù)合句中作主句及物動詞的賓語的句子叫賓語從句。它一般是由從屬連詞，連接代詞或連接副詞來引導(dǎo)。它可以作動詞，介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。例如：He said that he knew you. 他說他認(rèn)識你。He asked me why I had come here. 他問我為什么來這里。I asked him what he wanted. 我問他要什么。Could you tell me if/whether they are all League members? 你是否能告訴我他們都是團(tuán)員嗎？I m interested in what he has

2、 said.我對他說的話很感興趣。2賓語從句中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)常受到主句中謂語動詞時態(tài)的影響。因此， 要注意保持 主句和從句間時態(tài)的一致。當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)時，從句的謂語動詞可用所 需要的任何時態(tài)。例如：He says that Lily is(will be/ was) a doctor. 他說莉莉是（將要成為 /過去是）醫(yī)生。I ll tell you what I am doing (did/shall do)./將要做）什么?；?qū)⒁嬖V你我正在做（過去做 如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句的時態(tài)就比較復(fù)雜。在這種復(fù)合句中，賓語 從句的時態(tài)可以有：1）從句的謂語動詞表示

3、與主句同時發(fā)生的動作，則用過去時或過去進(jìn)行時。例如：I thought he was old. 我認(rèn)為他老了。第 - 1 - 頁 共 10 頁He wanted to know who she was waiting for. 他想知道她在等誰。2）從句的謂語動詞表示在主句動作之前完成的動作，則用過去完成時。例如：He said that he finished reading the book. 他說他看完了這本書。3）從句謂語動詞表示在主句動作之后發(fā)生的動作，則用過去將來時。例如：She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week

4、. 她說她下個星期要去買一輛新自行車。I wasn t sure if it would rain. 我沒有把握是否會下雨。4）從句表示普通真理時，其謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：The teacher told us the moon travels round the earth. 老師告訴我們，月亮繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。初中階段學(xué)習(xí)的賓語從句 在帶賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語從句前面一般要有連詞（有的可省略）引導(dǎo)。由 that 引 出的賓語從句相當(dāng)于陳述句；由 whether/if 引出的賓語從句相當(dāng)于一般疑問句；由連接代詞或連接副詞引出的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句。主句是陳述句時，句末不用問號。但應(yīng)該注意

5、的是它們的語序都是陳述句語序。1由從屬述連詞that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。在口語和新正式文體中常省略that。例如：He said(that) he would be back. 他說他將回來。We knew (that) he had made a mistake. 我們知道他犯了一個錯誤。在某些 be+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)后面也可以跟 例如：I am sure that I have posted the letter. 我的確把那封信寄了。第 - 2 - 頁 共 10 頁that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。I am afraid that you are right. 恐怕你是對的。2由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)

6、的賓語從句，例如：Did you ask the teacher when we would have a test? 你問老師我們什么時候進(jìn)行測驗了嗎？Do you know whose child he is? 你知道他是誰的孩子嗎？I can t find out why the machine doesnk well. t wor我不能找出這臺機(jī)器為什么動轉(zhuǎn)不靈。Do you remember what the teacher said at the class meeting yesterday. 你記得老師昨天在班會上說的話嗎？Could you tell me how long

7、it will take me to get to the hospital from here? 你能告訴我從這里到醫(yī)院需要多長時間嗎？I want to know which medicine he has taken. 我要知道他服了哪種藥。Please tell me who called me just now. 請告訴我剛才誰打電話給我。I don t know whom they are speaking to.我不知道他的在跟誰講話。He asked me where they were born. 他問我他們出生在哪里。Do you remember how much you

8、 paid for the coat? 你記得你買這件外衣付了多少錢嗎？3由從屬連詞whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在口語中常用if 。例如：I don t know whether/ if this bike is hers.我不知道這輛自行車是否是她的。Can you tell me whether/ if your father joined the Party in 1990? 你能告訴我你父親是不是 1990 年入黨的？賓語從句應(yīng)掌握的要點第 - 3 - 頁 共 10 頁1在三種類型的賓語從句中必須用陳述句的語序，即主語 用句號；但主句為疑問句時，句末用問號。+謂語動詞 +

9、其它成分，句末2在帶有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，要注意主句和從句的時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。1）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)時，從句的謂語動詞可用任何需要的時態(tài)。式。2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是過去時態(tài)時，從句的謂語動詞只能用過去時態(tài)范圍內(nèi)的某一種形3）從句表示普遍真理時，即使主句的謂語動詞是過去時，從句的謂語動詞也須用一般現(xiàn)在時。4）在 think, believe 等動詞引起的賓語從句中，如果否定的是后面的從句，一般要將主句動詞改為否定形式，而從句仍然用肯定式。例如：I don t think you are right.我認(rèn)為你不對。I don t believe she will take part in

10、the English evening.我相信她不會參加英語晚會。三、隨堂監(jiān)測 A 組 I. 選擇填空 : 1. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 2. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 3. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - C

11、ertainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 5. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. wh

12、o shirt was this D. who shirt this was 第 - 4 - 頁 共 10 頁6. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. where s the teachers office B. where s the bus station s she doing D. where the post office is C. what 7. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _.A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives

13、D. where does she live 8. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don t know _.A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 9. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 10. Have

14、you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 11. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 12. - What are you interested in about cooking foo

15、d? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry 13. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 14. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 15.

16、I dont know _ now.A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 16. Does he know _? A. what s your nameB. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is 17. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives C. he lives on which floor B. which floor he lives on D. which f

17、loor does he lives on 第 - 5 - 頁 共 10 頁18. Can you tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 19. He hasn t decided _.A. if hell go on a trip to Wuxi B. when will he go on a trip to Wuxi C. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi 20. Can you see _? D. when does he go on

18、 a trip to Wuxi A. what he s readingB. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 四、隨堂監(jiān)測 B 組 中考題集：1. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving

19、 for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 2. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 3. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Tha

20、nksgiving C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 4. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. what s his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is 5. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong

21、 with me 6. Do you still remember _ at the meeting? 第 - 6 - 頁 共 10 頁A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 7. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? - Go straight and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where i

22、s the way D. which is the way 8. Mike, go and see who _ football on the playground. A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing 9. The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while she was away.A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened 10. - Can I help you? - Yes. I get there

23、? d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _take to A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 11. - I hear we ll have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C. what subject he teaches D

24、. what subject is he going to teach 12. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result 13. Do you know _ over there? D. where could he find the library A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is hap

25、pening D. what did happen 14. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. why C. if D. where 15. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 16. Could you tell me _? A. which room he li

26、ves B. which room he lived C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in 17. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “ 1.75 metres ” , but Im not sure.第 - 7 - 頁 共 10 頁A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall 18. She said she _ me five letters in one month. A. has written B. will write C. had

27、written D. wrote 19. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 20. I dont know _ he still lives here.A. where B. what C. when D. whether 21. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if 22. I d like to know _

28、.A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening 23. Could you tell me _? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 24. - Do you know _? I

29、m going to see him. - Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 25. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008

30、 Olympics be held 26. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present. A. which B. that C. if D. what 27. Could you tell me _? A. who is she B. where s the nearest fast restaurantC. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station 第 - 8 - 頁 共 10 頁28. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come 29. - Can you tell me why _? - Because I want to help the people there. A. do you go to Tibet B. did you