教學(xué)課件·高級商務(wù)英語聽說(第二版)

1、Unit 1Globalization Trend全球化趨勢 Learning objectives In this unit students will learn words and expressions related to globalization trend and WTO.Students will be able to argue either in favor of or against globalization or WTO. Background readingNotes:delegate 代表collapse 失敗；垮下 (an attempt) collapse

2、fail suddenly or completelyriot 暴亂；騷亂 riot wild or violent disturbance by a crowd of peopletear gas 催淚瓦斯Seattle 西雅圖（美國華盛頓州的城市）diplomat 外交官 diplomat person in the diplomatic service, e.g. an ambassador jubilant 歡欣，欣喜的（尤指由于成功）jubilant (about/at/over sth) showing great happiness, esp. because of succes

3、s，Diplomats were jubilant at successfully completing this session. inject sth. into （比喻）向某人引進，注入（新思想，活力，感情等） inject sth (into sb/sth) introduce (new thoughts, feelings, etc) into sb/sth. Their agreement will inject optimism into a gloomy global economy.unity 和諧和睦，團結(jié)一致concession 妥協(xié)，讓步 concession thin

4、g granted or yielded, esp. after discussion, an argument, etc.penalty duties 懲罰性關(guān)稅subsidy 補貼 agriculture subsidy 農(nóng)業(yè)補貼scrutinize 仔細或徹底檢查 scrutinize look at or examine (sth) carefully or thoroughlytake into account 考慮 take into account = take into considerationKyoto accord 京都議定書 The Kyoto accord also

5、called Kyoto Protocol aims to curb the air pollution blamed for global warming. The accord requires countries to cut emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997.take precedence 優(yōu)先的權(quán)利；優(yōu)先權(quán)take precedence (over sb/sth) have the

6、 right to come before sb/sth in time, order, rank,etc.The needs of the community must take precedence over individual requirements.Answers to comprehension questions:It aimed primarily at reducing tariffs on goods and services as well as opening markets and setting trade rules for rich and poor coun

7、tries alike.The implied meaning of U.S. Trade Representatives saying is that Seattles trade talk is a total failure. It failed to achieve the basic objective of WTOreducing trade barriers. They hope their agreement on starting a new round of trade talk will inject optimism into a gloomy global econo

8、my and send a message of unity and determination to a world shaken by the Sept. 11 attacks.Besides the agenda for new talks, the new round will focus on the needs of developing countries and some environmental issues.Part AFirst listening: listen for the gistWhat is the main idea of news item one?It

9、 reported the survey result conducted by the Pew Global Attitude Survey. According to this worldwide poll, more economic integration is good for the world. What is the main idea of news item two?China is optimistic that a framework agreement on the new round of WTO negotiations would come out by the

10、 end of July according to signals from different consultations and meetings related to WTO. Second listening: listen for specific informationIn this part the teacher has great freedom and flexibility to ask students questions, to clarify any difficult language points, to add in supplementary materia

11、ls as background knowledge or in-depth understanding of the listening materials. Notice expressions related to globalization and how people perceive it.Globalization: economic integration, anti-globalization, market access, improved investment climatePeoples perception:Pros: globalization indeed hel

12、ps reduce poverty and inequality; significant decrease in the number of the worlds extreme poor since 1980; views of globalization are distinctly more positive in low-income countries than in rich ones; developing country people blamed their local governments, not globalization, for their countrys i

13、lls. Cons: globalization has been received with great distrust; anti-globalization activists argue that global economic integration favors the already wealthy while hurting the poor from developing nations; Notice how many different kinds of meetings related to WTO.International General Meeting of t

14、he Pacific Basin Economic Council: 太平洋盆地經(jīng)濟理事會年會, 該組織每年5月舉行一次國際大會。OECD ministerial meeting: 經(jīng)濟與合作發(fā)展組織部長級會議WTO mini-ministerial：世界貿(mào)易組織微型部長級會議APEC trade ministers meeting： 亞太經(jīng)合組織貿(mào)易部長會議WTO G20 ministerial meeting：世界貿(mào)易組織20國集團部長會議（DDA）Doha Development Agenda： 多哈貿(mào)易談判進程Ask students to fill in the blanks wit

15、h missing information in news item one. Compare answers.Ask students to do True (T) or False (F) questions for news item two. Compare answers. Explain why it is true or false.Third listening: sentences imitationAsk students to use the following active vocabularies to form sentences as what they have

16、 heard from listening (Dictate then remember).indeed- globalization indeed helps reduce poverty and inequality.favors- Global economic integration favors the already wealthy while hurting the poor from developing nations.more positivethan-views of globalization are distinctly more positive in low-in

17、come countries than in rich pared to-in Sub-Saharan Africa 75% of households thought that multinational corporations had a positive influence on their country, compared to only 54% in rich countries.Of the-Of the 38,000 people in 44 nations surveyed, those in the developing world generally blamed th

18、eir local governments, not globalization, for their countrys ills.no ground for- There is, however, no ground for complacency.takeattitude-He hoped all WTO members would take a flexible and pragmatic attitude in talks.consultations on- It seems the trade ministers have had serious consultations on t

19、he DDA (Doha Development Agenda) d after- The Doha Development Agenda refers to the WTO talks named after the Qatari capital of Doha.make compromises and concessions- So we have to be flexible and pragmatic, and give necessary consideration to the concerns of other parties, including maki

20、ng compromises and concessions when the situation so warrants.Part B First listening: listen for the gistWhat is the main idea of this interview on globalization?The IMF official explained what globalization embodies and the reasons why so many people are worried and even protest against globalizati

21、on process. He also illustrates in what ways poor countries have not fully benefited from globalization. Finally he offers some advices on how developing countries can quickly catch up in the process of globalization. Second listening: listen for specific informationIn this part the teacher has grea

22、t freedom and flexibility to ask students questions, to clarify any difficult language points, to add in supplementary materials as background knowledge or in-depth understanding of the listening materials.Ask students to write out key words in order to answer each of the following interview questio

23、ns.What is “globalization” after all? How do people feel about it?-historical process; the result of human innovation and technological progress; increasing integration; movement of people (labor) and knowledge (technology); -beneficial; inevitable and irreversible; hostility; fear; increases inequa

24、lity; threatens employment and living standards; prevents social progress.Why are people so worried about globalization?-on the one hand, global markets; greater opportunity; tap into more and larger markets; have access to more capital flows, technology, cheaper imports, and larger export markets;

25、on the other hand; markets; ensure; benefits of increased efficiency; shared by.In what way poor countries have not fully benefited from globalization?-unparalleled economic growth, global per capita GDP; increase five-fold; evenly dispersed; gaps have grown; income inequality; trade; capital moveme

26、nts; movement of people; spread of knowledge.How can developing countries catch up more quickly in the process of globalization? What can they do?-create conditions; conducive to; long-run; per capita income growth; macroeconomic stability; outward oriented policies; structural reform; strong instit

27、utions and an effective government; education, training, and research and development; external debt management. Ask students to fill in the blanks in the table in order to make a summary of the interview. Compare answers.Ask students to answer the following questions. Compare answers. .Third listen

28、ing: sentence imitationAsk students to use the following active vocabularies to form sentences as what they have heard from listening (Dictate then remember).view it as- Some view it as a process that is beneficiala key to future world economic development.regard it- Others regard it with hostility,

29、 even fear.refer to- It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows.tap into- Global markets offer greater opportunity for people to tap into more and larger markets around the world.be shared by- Markets do not necessarily ensur

30、e that the benefits of increased efficiency are shared by all countries.neithernor- they can neither enjoy the market efficiency nor benefit from the market opportunities.unparalleled- The 20th century saw unparalleled economic growth.accompanied by- A period of rapid trade expansion accompanied by

31、trade, and somewhat later, financial liberalization.seeincrease- The richest quarter of the worlds population saw its per capita GDP increase nearly six-fold.experienceincrease-The poorest quarter experienced less than a three-fold increase.as a whole-Developing countries as a whole have increased t

32、heir share of world trade, while Africa as a whole has fared poorly.associatewith-Many people associate globalization with sharply increased private capital flows to developing countries.the proportion of-The proportion of labor forces round the world that was foreign born increased by about one-hal

33、f.marginalize- This makes them even more marginalized.not onlybut also- For direct foreign investment brings not only an expansion of the physical capital stock, but also technical innovation.hinder- Many factors can help or hinder globalization process.what matters What matters is the whole package

34、 of policies, financial and technical assistance, and debt relief if necessary.Part C First listening: listen for the gistWhat is the main idea of this news coverage?Leaders of the worlds largest rich and developing countries met on Thursday in London. The G20 agreed to an additional trillion dollar

35、s for the IMF and other lenders to strengthen the world economy and trade. Developing economies like China, India and Brazil want greater influence over international financial policy and groups like the IMF. The governor of the Chinese central bank also called for a new currency disconnected from i

36、ndividual nationssuch as SDRS. A UN group of experts also urged a new global reserve system. Second listening: listen for specific informationIn this part the teacher has great freedom and flexibility to ask students questions, to clarify any difficult language points, to add in supplementary materi

37、als as background knowledge or in-depth understanding of the listening materials.Notice how these expressions are related to the world economy. Hedge fundsA hedge fund is a private investment fund that participates in a range of assets and a variety of investment strategies intended to protect the f

38、unds investors from downturns in the market while maximizing returns on market upswings.Legally, hedge funds are most often set up as private investment partnerships that areopen to a limited number of investors and require a very largeinitialminimum investment.Investments inhedge funds areilliquid

39、as they often require investors keep their money in the fund for at least one year. Executive payExecutive pay is financial compensation received by an officer of a firm, often as a mixture of salary, bonuses, shares of and/or call options on the company stock, etc. Over the past three decades, exec

40、utive pay has risen dramatically beyond the rising levels of an average workers wage. Executive pay is an important part of corporate governance, and is often determined by a companys board of directors.Tax shelters Tax shelters are any method of reducing taxable income resulting in a reduction of t

41、he payments to tax collecting entities, including state and federal governments. The methodology can vary depending on local and international tax laws. Ask students to fill in the blanks with the correct words. Check answers.Ask students to answer the questions in exercise two. Check answers.Third

42、listening: sentence imitationAsk students to use the following active vocabularies to form sentences as what they have heard from listening (Dictate then remember).economic recoveryPresident Obama says the G20 summit will be a “turning point” in seeking global economic recovery.keep close watch over

43、The leaders promised to keep closer watch over banks, hedge funds, credit rating agencies and executive pay.supervisory groupAnd they agree to form a supervisory group to warn of problems in the world financial system.representMembers represent about ninety percent of world economic activity and eig

44、hty percent of trade.disconnect fromZhou Xiaochuan called for a new currency disconnected from individual nationssuch as using what are called Special Drawing Rightsreserve systemLas week a United Nations group of experts also urged a new global reserve systeman expanded version of Special Drawing R

45、ights.Hot Issues in International Trade 國際貿(mào)易的熱點問題Unit 2 Learning objectives In this unit students will learn words and expressions related to international trade.Students will be able to talk about the hot issues related to international trade such as trade relations, trade deficit, trade barriers,

46、and trade disputes etc. Background readingNotes:outsourcing: work done for a company by people other than the companys full-time employees 外包prevalence: the condition of being prevalent, being widespread 普遍；盛行；流行。He was surprised by the prevalence of optimism about the future.Mercantilism: economic

47、system of the major trading nations during the 16th, 17th, and 18th century, based on the premise that national wealth and power were best served by increasing exports and collecting precious metals in return.重商主義paramount: greater than all others in importance or influence 最高的；至上的；首要的。The interests

48、 of the consumer should be paramount.GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade provided the framework for most important international tariff negotiations from 1947 until 1994關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定World Trade Organization: established in 1995, the international organization which resulted from the Uruguay Round o

49、f GATT negotiations. It is intended to promote world trade between member nations, administer global trade agreements and resolve disputes when they arise. 世界貿(mào)易組織，其前身為關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定autarchy：economic independence or self-sufficiency; a country that practices this system 自給自足；實行自給自足政策的國家proponent: a person who

50、 supports or argues in favor of something; advocate支持者；辯護者；鼓吹者lobby: a group of people who unite for or against a planned action in an attempt to persuade those in power to change their minds. 游說團體the Great Depression: Worldwide economic collapse following the stock market crash in 1929, in which un

51、employment remained high for an extended period and many businesses failed. 大蕭條MERCOSUR: (Mercado Comn del Sur) the Common Market of the South; a multilateral agreement on trade, including agricultural trade, between Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. The agreement was signed in 1991 and came

52、into effect on 1 January 1995. Its main goal is to create a customs union between the four countries by 2006. 南方共同市場NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement. A 1994 agreement reached by the United States, Canada, and Mexico that instituted a schedule for the phasing out of tariffs and eliminated a

53、 variety of fees and other hindrances to encourage free trade between the three North American countries.北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA): The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) is the expansion of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), aiming to eliminate the remaining b

54、arriers to the free flow of money, goods and services across borders in the Western hemisphere (excluding Cuba), to create one huge integrated open market. 美洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū)Answer to the comprehension questions:What is international trade? -International trade is the exchange of goods and services across inte

55、rnational borders.How was international trade traditionally regulated and how is it now regulated?-Traditionally international trade was regulated through bilateral treaties between two nations. The regulation of international trade is done through the World Trade Organization at the global level, a

56、nd through several other regional arrangements such as MERCOSUR in South America, NAFTA between the United States, Canada and Mexico, and the European Union between twenty-five independent states.What is agricultural interests attitude toward free trade?-Traditionally agricultural interests are usua

57、lly in flavor of free trade. This has changed somewhat in recent years, however. In fact, agricultural lobbies, particularly in the United States, Europe and Japan, are chiefly responsible for particular rules in the major international trade treaties which allow for more protectionist measures in a

58、griculture than for most other goods and services. When is there often strong domestic pressure to increase tariffs?- During recessions there is often strong domestic pressure to increase tariffs to protect domestic industries.Part AFirst listening: listen for the gistWhat is the main idea of news i

59、tem one? China has been subject to increasing foreign anti-dumping, anti-subsidy, protection measures and special safeguard investigations since its entry into the WorldTradeOrganization. The amount of money involved in such cases have been on the rise. China has suffered the most in anti-dumping in

60、vestigation in the world for nine consecutive years. What is the main idea of news item two? A second round of negotiations between China and the United States aimed at resolving a dispute over textile trade broke down Thursday despite their best efforts. The date and location of the next round will