研究生英語閱讀教程(提高級-第三版)-教學(xué)課件Lesson 2

1、1 Advanced Reading Revised Edition 2策 劃：鞠方安 商希建顧 問：李光立主 編：劉蘭芝 楊真真副主編：Gerald Zimmerman 張波 任林靜制作人：劉紅梅3 Lesson Two Humbled by Nature Humble by Culture4 Catalogue textBackground InformationWarm-up QuestionsMain IdeaLanguage Points Difficult SentencesKeys to the Exercises5Susanna Jones, author of The Mis

2、sing Persons Guide to Love, Water Lily, The Earthquake Bird and editor of The Illustrated Brighton Moment. Susanna Jones was born in Hull in 1967. She studied drama at London University where she became interested in Japanese culture after studying Japanese Noh theatre. This Background Information6

3、led to her living and working in Japan for several years as a teacher of English in Nagoya, and later in Tokyo, where she also worked as a radio script editor. While living in Tokyo she started her first novel, The Earthquake Bird (2001), a murder story. This novel won a Crime Writers Association Jo

4、hn Creasey Memorial Dagger, a Mail on twenty languages. Background Information7 11 March Japanese earthquake and tsunamiResidents survey the damage from the tsunami8 Fukushima Nuclear Accident Fukushima nuclear plant after tsunami 9 Background InformationPress here and watch Japan Quake: Measuring t

5、he Damage 10Warm-up Questions What do you know about tsunami in general and the tsunami on March 11, 2011 in particular?2. . What do you think of Japanese culture and its characteristics ? 3. What are the necessary measures to cope with natural disasters? 11 Main IdeaSusanna Jones wrote this article

6、 only two weeks after the devastating March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Northern Japan. She first presents her views on how the Japanese people reacted to this tremendous disaster. She continues to add her thoughts on how cultural restraints influence a peoples response to national tragedy. S

7、he reflects on how the Japanese people have always recognized the role of nature in their lives, including the12 Main Ideapleasing changing of the seasons, the importance of the land and sea for their food supply, and the always-present threat of natural disasters from earthquakes and tsunamis. By c

8、omparing the 1995 Japanese response to both a terrorist attack that killed 12 people, and a major earth- quake that killed 6,000, she wonders why there was longer longer lasting public reaction to the terrorist attackthan the more devastating Kobe earthquake. Could it be13that forces of nature are a

9、n inevitable part of Japanese historical experience, but that the terrorist attack was a human caused event, over which there should be greater control? Was it because they did not want to think about unpredictable earthquakes? Susanne Jones goes on to consider a small collection of short stories wr

10、itten after the 1995 Kobe earthquake by a Japanese novelist,Haruki Murakami. In these stories she searches for an Main Idea14understanding of how Japanese culture is responding now, and how, over time, how it may respond to the catastro- phic earthquake and tsunami of 2011. Main Idea15Language Point

11、s1. scale n u singular ( line 1, para.1 ) the size or extent of sth, especially when it is very big 法治一旦崩潰就有可能導(dǎo)致大肆殺戮。 The breakdown of law and order could result in killing on a massive scale. 他低估了問題的嚴(yán)重性。 He underestimates the scale of the problem.16Language PointsSynonyms: amount, area, breadth, bu

12、lk, capacity, depth, width, volume, dimensions, extent, guge, height, immensity, largeness, length, magnitude, measurement, propotions 17Language Points2. tsunami n c ( line 1, para.1 ） a very large wave, caused by extreme conditions such as an earthquake, which can cause a lot of damage when it rea

13、ches land18Language Points3. reminder n c ( line 1, para.1 ） sth that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth 這些廢墟提醒人們不要忘記戰(zhàn)爭的恐怖。 These ruins are a reminder of the horrors of war. 發(fā)生了暴力事件。這給了人們一個(gè)嚴(yán)酷的提示宗 教緊張局勢還在持續(xù)。 Violence has broken out , a stark reminder that the religious tensions are refusi

14、ng to go away. 19Language PointsSynonyms: memorandum, nudge, prompt, mnemonic20Language Points constant/painful/vivid etc reminder2) sth, for example a letter, that reminds you to do sth which you might have forgotten我收到圖書館的另一張催還單。 I have had another reminder from the library. 總是得發(fā)給她一份最后催繳通知，她才付應(yīng)該交

15、的房租。 It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent. 21Language Points4. carry vt ( line 2, para.1 ） 1) to convey 將英國文化傳遞到世界的另一端。 They carried the English culture to the other side of the world. 她把這則消息立刻稟報(bào)了主人。 She carried the news straight to the master.22Language Points 2)

16、be/get carried away: to be so excited, angry, interested etc that you are no longer really in control of what you do or say, or you forget everything else 我激動不已,幾乎哭了出來。 I got completely carried away and almost cried. 23Language Points 5. horror film/movie ( line 1, para.2 ） a film in which strange a

17、nd frightening things happen 再也不要帶我去看恐怖電影，我簡直被嚇得 魂不附 體。 Never take me to a horror film again. I was scared out of my wits. 24Language Points6. footage n u ( line 1, para.2 ）cinema film showing a particular event 他們準(zhǔn)備播放今年夏天節(jié)日慶典的獨(dú)家鏡頭. They are planning to show exclusive footage from this summers festi

18、vals. 這個(gè)片段來自事發(fā)當(dāng)晚的閉路攝象。 This is footage from the closed-circuit camera on the night in question. 25Language Points 7. clich n（line 3, para.2 ） 1) an idea or expression used by many people 她正嘗試寫一篇沒有陳詞濫調(diào)陳詞濫調(diào)內(nèi)容的愛情故事。 She is trying to write a love story without resorting to well-worn clichs. 2) adj used

19、or heard so often as to be dull a clich tale of lust and betrayal among the fabulously rich 富人之間老生常談老生常談的欲望與背叛的故事26Language PointsA clich is a common and overused phrase. It is used to describe something. The word “trite” might also be used. Using clichs is often considered to demonstrate a lack of

20、creativity. Here Jones gives the example of using the word “nightmare”, a horrible frightening dream, in describing an apocalypse, an event with destruction of a catastrophic scale. She goes on to say that sometimes something is so terrible, that simple, clich words are the best to use. 27Language P

21、ointsSynonyms: banality, commonplace, familiar phrase, hackneyed expression, platitude 28Language Points8. apocalypse n c ( line 3, para.2 ） the apocalypse: the destruction and end of the world 我們生活在世界末日的陰影中。 We live in the shadow of the apocalypse.29Language Points9. points of reference n c plural

22、( line 4, para.2 ） sth you already know about that helps you understand a situation 我們在英語教學(xué)上還有固定不變的參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嗎？ Do we still have any fixed point of reference in the teaching of English?本文主要介紹了參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的使用。 The use of reference points is briefly introduced in this paper.30 10.rip away v adv ( line 6, para.2) to

23、 remove sth quickly and violently 昨夜的風(fēng)把樹葉都刮掉了。 Last nights wind had ripped all the leaves away from the trees. 我剝掉了他偽君子的畫皮。 I ripped away his mask of hypocrite .Language Points31Language Points11. helicopter n c ( line 6, para.2) a type of aircraft with large metal blades on top which turn around ve

24、ry quickly to make it fly ; choppe32Language Points12. hover over/above vt ( line 6, para.2) it stays in one place in the air 海鷗在驚濤駭浪上翱翔。 Seagulls hover over the surging waves.33Language Points13. raging adj ( line 6, para.2) 1) continuing or moving with great natural force Raging flame 他看到一道烈火熊熊的巨大

25、火墻。 He saw a gigantic wall of raging flame before him. 實(shí)地考察時(shí)要穿過一條水流湍急的河。 The field trip involved crossing a raging torrent. A raging torrent34Language Points2) continuing strongly and showing no signs of ending如果再發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的通貨膨脹，那么利率就會迅速上調(diào)。 If raging inflation returns, then interest rates will shoot up. 可

26、能偶爾會有批評，但現(xiàn)在顯然沒有出現(xiàn)激烈的辯論。 There may be the occasional criticism but its clear there is no raging debate right now. 35Language Points14. screenings n ( line 7, para.2) a showing of motion picture 制作人將出席電影放映禮介紹他們的作品。 The film-makers will be present at the screenings to introduce their works. 各電視臺被禁止播放任何

27、有關(guān)這次游行的畫面。 TV stations were banned from screening any pictures of the demonstration. 36Language Points 15. magnitude n ( line 1, para.3 ) 1) the force of an earthquake 1906年舊金山地震的震級為8.3級。 The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a magnitude of 8.3. 2) n u the great size or importance of sth 37Langua

28、ge Points這么大的手術(shù)實(shí)施起來十分困難。 An operation of this magnitude is going to be difficult.似乎沒有人意識到這個(gè)問題的嚴(yán)重性。 No one seems to realise the magnitude of this problem. 38 16. unforgiving adj ( line 1, para.4 ) 1) harsh and unremitting 一片惡劣荒涼的風(fēng)景 an unforgiving and desolate landscape2)not willing to forgive; unmerc

29、iful They are unforgiving of the smallest mistake. l最小的錯(cuò)誤他們都不寬恕。Language Points39Language Points17. typhoon n (line 1, para.4) a very violent tropical storm40 18. lest conj ( line 2, para.4) for fear that often used after an expression denotingfear or apprehension 他上好鬧鐘，免得上課遲到。 He set the alarm lest

30、 he be late for class. She tiptoed lest the guard should hear her. 她躡手躡腳，唯恐守衛(wèi)聽到。Language Points41Language Points19. iconic adj icon n ( line 2, para.4 ) An “icon” is a visual image that is strongly associated with a specific place, event or feeling. In Christianity and other religions an icon may be

31、 identified with a holy figure or concept. 42Language Points20. Mount Fuji n ( line 2, para.4) a volcano, about 100 km southwest of Tokyo, which is the highest mountain in Japan. Its top has the shape of a perfect cone.43Language Points21. viewing n ( last line of para.4 ) watching 她不贊成兒子不加選擇地看電視。 S

32、he disapproved of her sons indiscriminate television viewing. 晚上看了一部懷舊的影片。 The film provided an evening of nostalgic viewing. 44Language Points22.volcano n ( last line of para.4) a mountain with a large hole at the top, through which lava ; very hot liquid rock is sometimes forced out 火山爆發(fā)，把無數(shù)的石塊拋向天

33、空。 A volcano erupted and propelled rocks high into the sky. 死火山又重新噴發(fā)，對這座城市來說意味著大難臨頭。 The extinct volcanos eruption would mean a cataclysm for the city. 45Language Pointsactive volcano : one that may explode at any timedormant volcano : one that is not active at the momentextinct volcano : one that i

34、s no longer active at all46 23 . be tempered with (line 3, para.5) to dilute, qualify, or soften by the addition or influence of something else; to moderate 寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)（恩威并施） to temper justice with mercy The news story was tempered with a paragraph of explanation and justification. 一段解釋和正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛删徍土诵侣劰适略斐傻挠绊憽

35、anguage Points47Language Points24. band n ( line 4, para.5) 1) narrow area of light, colour, land etc that is different from the areas around it 那只白盤子鑲有金邊。 The white plate has a gold band. 她穿了一條滾黑邊的紅色裙子。 She wears a red skirt with band of black in it.48Language Points2) a group of people formed beca

36、use of a common belief or purpose一伙無視法律的暴徒過去常橫行于這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子，一路 燒殺搶掠。 Bands of law breakers used to rage through the town, shooting and robbing. 49 25. evoke vt ( line 6, para.5 ) 1) to bring to mind or recollection 老房子喚起了他童年的回憶。 The old house evoked memories of his childhood. His words evoked an angry repl

37、y. 2) to call forth or provoke; to producel 他的話引發(fā)了憤怒的回復(fù)。Language Points50Synonyms: evoke, educe, elicitThese verbs mean to draw forth or bring out sth latent, hidden, or unexpressedto evoke laughter to try to elicit the truth to educe significance from the eventLanguage Points51Language Points26. ch

38、erry blossoms n ( line 6, para.5 ) a flower or the flowers on a tree or bush in (full) blossom with flowers fully open52Language Points27. neon n ( last but 2nd line of para.5 ) a colourless gas that is found in small quantities in the air and is used in glass tubes to produce a bright light in elec

39、- tric advertising sign53Language Points 28. overlay n ( last line of para.5 ) sth which covers sth else 一張臺面一張臺面包包銀的桌子。銀的桌子。 a table covered with silver overlay 磚墻上覆蓋了一層木板。 An overlay of wood covers the brick wall. 54Language Points 29. live with v prep ( line 1, para.6) to accept a difficult situa

40、tion that is likely to continue for a long time ; to put up with, to tolerate 必須學(xué)會必須學(xué)會接受壓力。壓力。 You have to learn to live with stress. 不管你喜歡與否，你得接受新稅法。 Whether you like it or not, you will have to live with the new tax law. 55Language Points30. suspend vt ( line 5, para.6 ) 1) to stop 我請求他們別輕率下斷語。 I

41、request them to suspend their decision. 說來話長，你可得當(dāng)真事來聽。 It is a long story. You will have to suspend disbelief completely. 56Language Points2) to make someone leave their school or job for a short time, especially because they have broken the rules 他因吸毒休學(xué)了。 He was suspended from school for drug-takin

42、g.57Language PointsSynonyms: adjourn, break off, defer, delay, discontinue, interrupt, postpone, put off58 31 . subsequent adj ( line 2, para.7 ) 1) following in time, order, or place 人口增長率在1999年達(dá)到了高峰，在隨后幾年下降。 The rate of population growth reached a peak in 1999 and declined in subsequent years. The

43、 child became ill subsequent to receiving an injection against measles. 2) subsequent to: afterl 孩子在注射麻疹疫苗后生病了 。Language PointsMeasles59Synonym: consequent, ensuring, following, later, next, resulting, succeedingsucceeding : coming after or following The couple purchased some land, and in the course

44、 of the succeeding year built a house on it. The old man had not eaten since the preceding day. Antonym: preceding : existing or coming beforeLanguage Points60Language Points32. package n ( line 3, para.7 ) 1) sth wrapped in paper, packed in a box and then sent by mail or delivered ; parcel BrE 我撕開了

45、那個(gè)包裹。 I tore open the package. 我們需要幾段繩子用來打包。 Well need several lengths of string to tie the package. 61Language Points2) a set of ideas or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group 政府已經(jīng)公布了幫助英國電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的一攬子措施。 The government has announced a package of measures to help the British film

46、 industry. 他們下了很大的決心，提出了一攬子解決問題的設(shè) 想。 It was a hard decision for them to propose the package solution.62Language Points33. media coverage n ( line 5 & 6 ， para.7 ) when a subject or event is reported on television or radio, or in newspapers 媒體大量地報(bào)道這些事件只會使問題持續(xù)下去。 Giving these events a lot of media

47、 coverage merely perpetuates the problem. 63Language Points34. initial adj ( line 6 , para.7 ) happening at the beginning; first 本次會議的初步目標(biāo)是澄清這些問題。 The initial aim of this meeting is to clarify the issues. 她克服了起初的羞怯之后，變得十分友善。 After shed overcome her initial shyness, she became very friendly. 64Langua

48、ge Points35. adversity n u ( line 7, para.7 ) a situation in which you have a lot of problems that seem to be caused by bad luck 在患難中不棄你而去的人才是真正的朋友。 In time of adversity, those who do not desert you are real friends. 有充分準(zhǔn)備的人，在逆境中充滿希望，在順境中不 忘擔(dān)憂。 A well-prepared mind hopes in adversity and fears in pr

49、osperity.65Language PointsSynonyms: calamity, catastrophe, disappointment, disaster, hardship, misadventure, mischance, mishap, reverse, tragewdy, trouble, vicissitude, set back66Language Points36.“ goes some way ” ( line 8, para.7 ) to make progress toward; to accomplish something. This phrase woul

50、d usually imply having or making a significant contribution - ( as opposed to “going a little way”, making a small contribution to explain-ing, or accomplishing something. 67Language Points37. dissect vt ( line 9, para.7 ) to examine sth carefully in order to understand it 人們想仔細(xì)分析他的作品，并質(zhì)疑其動機(jī)。 People

51、 want to dissect his work and question his motives. 這幾本書分析了名人的生活。 The books in which the lives of famous people are dissected.68Language PointsSynonyms: break down, analyze, interpret, investigate, scrutinize, separate out69Language Points38. afford/have/enjoy the luxury of sth ( line 1& 2 para.

52、8 ) to have sth that is very pleasant or convenient, that you are not always able to have 三年來，這是他們第一次在一起待一整天。 For the first time in three years, they had the luxury of a whole day together. 時(shí)間是他無法享用的奢侈品。 Time had become a luxury that he could not afford. 70Language Points39. keep somebody at a dista

53、nce ( last but line of para.8 ) to avoid becoming too friendly with someone 他們想和鄰居保持距離。 They tend to keep their neighbours at a distance.71 40. immerse oneself in v prep ( line 2, para.9 ) to become, or to make sb become, completely involved in sth 她沉浸在寫短篇小說之中。 She had immersed herself in writing sh

54、ort stories. Other expressions: be engrossed in ; be wrapped in thought l 他醉心于島嶼的文化中。 He immersed himself in the culture of the island.Language Points72Language PointsSynonyms: bathe, dip, drench, drown, dunk, plunge, submerge73Language Points41. anthology n ( last line of para.9 ) a set of stories,

55、 poems, songs etc by different people collected together in one book ; collection 我有一本現(xiàn)代名言集萃。 I have an anthology of modern quotations. 這是一本妙語連珠、智慧洋溢的文集。 It is an anthology that crackles with wit and wisdom.74Language Points42. aftershock n ( the last line of para.9 ) the effects of a shocking event

56、 去年遭受的旱災(zāi)讓他們心有余悸、倍感憂慮。 They were already under stress, thanks to the aftershock of last years drought. 75Language Points43. bonfire n c ( line 3 , para.10) a large outdoor fire, either for burning waste or for a party 他們不斷往篝火上加木柴，直到火光沖天。 They piled wood onto the bonfire until the flames roared.76Lang

57、uage Points44. upbeat adj (line 2 ,para.11) positive and making you feel that good things will happen downbeat 科學(xué)家對即將收集到的信息仍滿懷希望。 Scientists remain upbeat about the information that will be gathered. 國防部長對目前的戰(zhàn)事給予了樂觀的評價(jià)。 The Defense Secretary gave an upbeat assessment of the war so far.77Language Poi

58、nts45.update n c ( line 2 ,para.12 ) the most recent news or information about sth 新聞快訊 a news update 最新天氣報(bào)告 a weather update 最新足球戰(zhàn)況 football results update7846. go about v prep（last line of para.12 ) l 盡管戰(zhàn)爭一觸即發(fā)，人們?nèi)韵衿綍r(shí)一樣忙于工作。 Despite the threat of war, people go about their work as usual. Wed like t

59、o help but were not sure how to go about it. to set about；to do sthl 我們愿意幫助，但我們不知道如何去做。Language Points79Language Points47. “ getting on with it.”（last line of para.12 ) To “get back on track” is an idiom , that is to return to what one is supposed to be doing.“ getting on with it.” means to continue

60、 doing what was planned, normal, expected. 80Language Points48. narrative n c fml (line 3 ,para.13) a description of events in a story, especially in a novel 這本書的大部分篇幅都是敘述性的。 Narrative makes up most of the book. 霍爾巧妙地把歷史研究揉進(jìn)了扣人心弦的故事敘述。 Hall skilfully weaves the historical research into a gripping narrative.