2015仁愛英語七年級下Unit5topic2課本知識點同步講解與練習(xí)

1、Unit5Our school lifeTopic2 A few students are running around the playground1 重點語法部分1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)：表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成：是由助動詞be(am/is/are)+doing(動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞)構(gòu)成句子的謂語。七主要句型可以歸納為如下幾種：(1) 肯定句：主語+be+doing+sth.I am running. You are running. He/She is running. (2)否定句：主語+be+not+doing+sth.Im not running. You arent run

2、ning. He/She isnt running (3) 一般疑問句：Be+主語+doing+sth.?回答：Yes,主語（代詞）+be./ No,主語（代詞）+be+not.Are you running? Yes, I am./No, I am not.Is he/she running? Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isnt. (4) 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語+doing+sth.? What are you doing,Jane?2.現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1) 一般在動詞原形末尾ingdrink-drinking buy-buying call-call

3、ing work working2) 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e加ingmakemaking give-giving come-coming drive-driving3) 在重讀閉音節(jié)詞中，以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，且這個輔音字母前只有一個元音字母的詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ingput putting plan-planning swim-swimming sit-sitting4) 以ie為重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，把ie變?yōu)閥，再加ing。die dying lie lying5) 以er音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，先去e再加ing preferprefering water watering6) 以er結(jié)

4、尾的動詞，如果是重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾，先雙寫r再加ing；如果不是重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾，直接加ing。 Prefer preferring water watering7) 以y結(jié)尾的動詞變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞時，y不變，直接加上ing.play playing study studying fly flying buy buying3.什么情況下用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1) 表示現(xiàn)在或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與now, at the moment連用，有時也和look，listen,Its !.oclock.等連用。 e.g Im reading a book now.2) 表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。e.g

5、 Theyre working on a farm this week.3) 表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動作，常與always等頻度副詞連用，含有贊賞、厭惡、不滿等感情色彩.e.g. She is always helping others. 她總是幫助別人。 （贊賞）4) 某些行為動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時形式可以表示將來,常常有意圖,安排或打算的含義,并且可與表將來的時間狀語連用,僅限于少數(shù)動詞（多為表示位置移動的動詞），如go，come，fly, return，arrive，leave，stay等。e.g They are flying to London this afternoon. We are goi

6、ng to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.口訣：Look, Listen是標(biāo)志，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行正發(fā)生；有時now在句中現(xiàn)，“beving”時態(tài)成。若問be用何形式，須看主語數(shù)、人稱。He/She is, I am We, you, they后are緊跟。ving形式更好記，三種構(gòu)成要分清。一般問句be提前，be后加not否定成！Section A1 重點詞匯run around the playground 繞著操場 do ones homework做家庭作業(yè) Watch TV 看電視 make cards 做卡片 woul

7、d like to do sth想要做某事 play basketball 打籃球 see you soon一會見 on the telephone 在電話中 in the classroom 在教室里 play cards打牌 computer room 電腦室 dining room 餐廳 teachers office教師辦公室classroom building 教學(xué)樓 in the library 在圖書館二.重點詳解1. What are you doing now? 你現(xiàn)在在做什么？這是一個由what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，用于問別人此刻正在做什么事情。2.Are you doing

8、your homework? 你在做作業(yè)嗎？是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句，肯定回答：Yes, 主語+Be; 否定回答：No, 主語+be+not.（ Yes, I am./ No, Im not.）3. would you like to do play basketball?Would you like to.?你想或愿意做.嗎？相當(dāng)于Do you want to do .?4.do some cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生。相似的結(jié)構(gòu)：do some shopping 買東西do some reading 讀書 do some fishing 釣魚 do some cooking 做飯Sectio

9、n B1 重點詞匯English workbooks 英語練習(xí)冊 look for 尋找 how long 多久 two weeks 2周 on the shelves 在書架上return sth on time 準(zhǔn)時歸還某物English newspapers英語報紙 lost and found 失物招領(lǐng)處 ID card 身份證 family photo全家福 call sb打電話給某人student card 學(xué)生卡二.重點詳解1.May I borrom some English workboos?我可以借一些英語練習(xí)冊嗎？ May I borrow.? 是表達(dá)請求允許的句型。ma

10、y在此表示請求對方許可，常用Yes, please./Yes, of course. / Certainly.等來做肯定回答。否定回答用mustnt.E.g. May I come in?-Yes, pleae.“可以，請吧”否定回答為：No, you mustnt.“不，不可以”May I use your phone? 我能用你電話嗎？ No, you mustnt.2.The girl loos for the books on the shelves. 女孩在書架上找書。Look for 是“尋找”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的動作；上學(xué)期學(xué)過的單詞find 意思是“找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果

11、。E.g 1.I am my pen everywhere(到處)，but I cant it. What are you _ ?- I am _ my schoolbag.on the shelves 意為“在書架上”，shelf 復(fù)數(shù)為shelves.3.How long can I keep them? 我能借多久keep , borrow和lend 都有“借用”的意思，但是區(qū)別之處在于： borrow 表示主語借進(jìn) borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物e.g. You can borrow this book from the library. May I borro

12、w your eraser?lend 表示主語借出 lend sb. sth. ( lend sth. to sb.) 把某物借給某人e.g Can you lend your car to me?They often lend us their ball.keep 表示借多長時間，借多久，意為“保存，保留”keep 和 borrow, lend區(qū)別是borrow和lend是瞬間動詞,而keep是延續(xù)性動詞,表示借一段時間, 后常跟上一段時間e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.-Hello Jane, May I_ your bike?- Im s

13、orry, but my bike is broken(壞了). You can ask Lileifor it, hell _ it to you.-Ok, I will try.How long 意為“多長時間，多久” 用于提問一段時間how often 意為“多久一次” 用于提問頻率。e.g. How long can I keep it? 我能借多久? How ofen do you have English classes?- Twice one week.與how相關(guān)的短語 ：how often多常 how many多少 how much多少錢 how old多大I will ke

14、ep the book for 3 weeks. (劃線部分提問) will you keep the book?He usually go to the zoo once a week.（對劃線部分提問） does he usually go to the zoo.4.You must return them on time.你必須準(zhǔn)時歸還。Return V（動詞） “歸還” return= give back。return sth. (to sb.)= give sth. back to sb. 把某物還給某人。Please return the book to me now. = Ple

15、ase give the book back to me now. return to“回到”，相當(dāng)于come back toE.g He will return from America next month.on time“準(zhǔn)時,按時”強(qiáng)調(diào)不早不遲到達(dá)in time: “及時”,強(qiáng)調(diào)在規(guī)定的時間以前到達(dá)e.g. We must go to work on time. The students can get there in time.用in time/on time填空。He goes to bed _ everyday. 5.Thank you all the same. “

16、還是要謝謝你。”= Thank you anyway.是你向別人尋求幫助，但別人無法幫助你時你作的回答。6.Excuse me,do you have any English newspapers?Some 和any 用法： some 常用于肯定句，any 常用否定句和疑問句-I have some tea here.我這兒有些茶葉.-I cant see any tea.我沒看見茶葉.-Do you have any friends at school?你在學(xué)校有些朋友嗎? 但在表示建議,反問,請求的疑問句中,或期望得到肯定回答時,多用some而不用any.如：Would you like

17、some coffee?你要不要來點咖啡?What about some fruit juice?來點水果汁如何? 用some 和any 來填寫下面句子。(1). I have _good friends in my class.(2).Is there _water in the bottle ?(3).Do you have _money ?(4).They dont have _time to go there.(5).There are _cakes on the table.(6).I dont have _milk for breakfast.7.Michael and a gir

18、l are talking at the Lost and Found.Lost and Found “失物招領(lǐng)處”作為標(biāo)志時，除了and，其他首字母要大寫。8. Can I help you? 是服務(wù)員的常用語，不同場合具有不同的含義。類似的還有：May I help you?/ What can I do for you?/ Is there anything can I do for you?等9. Whats in it? 里面有什么Whats in+sth 表示哪里有什么東西E.g Whats in your purse? 錢包里有什么東西?10.Here is a wallet.

19、此句是倒裝句。Here, there等副詞置于句首時，經(jīng)常與go，come等動詞連用。主語如果是普通名詞，全句需要完全倒裝，主語如果為代詞，不需要倒裝。 e.g. There goes the bell. 鈴響了。Here he comes. 他來了。 There_ _ 他在那兒。 Here_ _ _ 這就是那只貓。Section C一重點詞匯show sb around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀 on the playground 在教師run around the playground 繞著操作跑 have a soccer game 舉行足球賽play basketball 打籃球 swimming

20、 pool 游泳池 over there 那里play ping-pong 打籃球 in the classroom 在教師里 have lessons上課do ones homework 做家庭作業(yè) write a letter寫信 a few student 幾個學(xué)生clean the blackboard 擦黑板 read English newspapers讀英語報draw pictures 畫畫 listen to music 聽音樂 play games玩游戲 二.重點詳解1. Miss Wang is showing a new student around the school

21、.show sb. around 領(lǐng)某人參觀；帶某人巡視e.g. Tim is showing us around the farm. Tim正帶著我們參觀農(nóng)場。2. A few students are running around the playground. A few 在這里是表示“有幾個學(xué)生”的意思。 few, little, a few, a little的用法講解few 修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“很少，幾乎沒有”，表示否定含義little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“很少，幾乎沒有”，表示否定含義a few 修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“一些，少許”，表示肯定含義a li

22、ttle 修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“一些，少許”，表示肯定含義e.g. a few apples 幾個蘋果 few apples 幾乎沒有蘋果a little water一點兒水 little water 幾乎沒有水 a little+ adj. 表示“有點兒.” a little easy 有點容易( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _ young people know it. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little( ) 2 . There arent many oranges here, but you can

23、 take _ if （如果）you want to. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little( ) 3. Now _ young people walk to school,they always go to school by bike. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little3. He is writing a letter 寫信write (a letter) to sb.給某人寫信.Tom is writing to Kangkang. Tom在給康康寫信。write (a letter) back to sb.

24、給某人回信Kangkang is writing back to Tom. 康康在給Tom回信。4. He is cleaning the blackboard at the back of the classroom.At the back of 意為“在.后部”。指在范圍內(nèi)部的后部at the back of a house 在房子的后部5. at the moment= now “此刻，現(xiàn)在”，常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時6.Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日語的 n.日本人,日語當(dāng)Japanese表示日本人時,是可數(shù)名詞,單復(fù)數(shù)同形(與Chinese用法相同) ，當(dāng)Japanese表

25、示日語時為不可數(shù)名詞。e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.Section D1 重點詞匯：In the room 在房間 in the office 在辦公室 in the gym在體育館 love doing sth 喜歡做某事 talk to sb和某人交談 on the Great Wall 在長城上二重點詳解1.Here are some photos of his.這兒有一些他的照片。名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格-雙重所有格e.g a friend of Sams 薩姆的一

26、個朋友 a friend of mine 我的一個朋友2.He looks happy because he loves swimming.love doing sth習(xí)慣性的愛好和習(xí)慣意思為“喜歡做某事”同義詞組為：like doing sthlove to do sth一次性的動作或目前想做的事e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today. because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，常用來回答why問句。Because與so 不能同時出現(xiàn)。e.g. Why do you want to visit the Great Wall?

27、Because its very wonderful.3.In picture 3, he is talking to a Japanese girl on the Great Wall.talk“交談”，常用的短語talk to/with sb.“與某人交談”巧辯異同talk, say, speak與tell talk“交談”，表示通過談話方式交換意見、消息等。speak“說話”，強(qiáng)調(diào)開口發(fā)聲，后常接某種語言。 say “說”，強(qiáng)調(diào)所說的話的內(nèi)容。tell“告訴”，有時兼含“囑咐”“命令”等。tell a truth說真話，tell a lie說謊, tell a story講故事等固定搭配

28、。用talk,say,speak,tell 填空。The teacher ask us not to_ with each other in the class.May I _ to Jane?He can _ Japanese and English.What does he_ in the email?4.also 與too 都有“也”的意思, also用在句中, too用在句末e.g Helen is also a student.I have long hair and she has long hair, too.典型習(xí)題:(1)Excuse me, how long may I_

29、the book?-For two weeks.A. borrow B.keep C.lend D.buy(2)-Hi, Xiao Qi, I would like to go to the zoo this Sunday.I like watching animals best.-I _like watching animals best.A .too B.either C.also D.and(3)-Could you come please? I want some help.-_A. Yes, I could. B.Youre welcome.C. Sure, Im coming no

30、w. D.Thats all right.(4)-Bob, may I_your MP4?-Sure,but youd better not_it to others.A.lend, lend B.lend,borrow C.borrow,borrow D.borrow,lend(5)Shes_her purse, but she cant_it. Lets help her.A.find; look for B.looking for; find C. look for; find D.finding; look for(6)-What is your mother doing?-My mo

31、ther is_Miss Li.A. talk with B.talking with C.talk to(7)-Can I_a soccer_the gym?-Of course, you can.A.borrow;to B.lend; from C.borrow;from D.borrowing;from(8)-How long_your story book?-Three days.A.I can keep B.can I borrow C.I can borrow D.can I keep 句型轉(zhuǎn)換:(1)-Are the children swimming in the swimmi

32、ng pool?(做否定回答)-_,_ _(1) They are watching TV.(改為一般疑問句)_ _watching TV?(2) I對劃線部分提問)_are you_?(3) The boys often play soccer on the playground.(改為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時) The boys_ _soccer on the playground.(4) 對劃線部分提問)_ _can he keep the MP4?根據(jù)句意和漢語提示完成下列句子(1)-Where is Chen Kang?-He is playing basketball_ _ _(在操場上)(2)

33、-Hello! Li Ming. What are you doing?-I am_ _ _(做作業(yè))(3)-Look, what are they doing?-They are_ _(尋找)Jims bag.(4)-What class are they having?-They are_ _ _(玩電腦游戲)now.(5)-Where is Mr.Wang_ _ _(此刻)?(6)I have _ _(幾個)good friend.一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別一、概念不同：一般現(xiàn)在時表示主語經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示說話者的能力及自然現(xiàn)象。而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示說話時（瞬間）正在進(jìn)行的動作，也表示目前或現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動作。如