小升初英語(yǔ)題型分類(lèi)講義-辨音題學(xué)案

1、英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)辨音英語(yǔ)年級(jí)六年級(jí)小升初知識(shí)點(diǎn)掌握每個(gè)音標(biāo)的正確讀音，從而止確拼讀出每一個(gè)單詞，熟悉音標(biāo)發(fā)音規(guī)律。背誦并熟悉運(yùn)用所有常用音標(biāo)；教學(xué)目標(biāo)提高學(xué)生信息閱讀及篩選能力，要求熟練、準(zhǔn)確掌握單詞的發(fā)音。同時(shí)要學(xué)生提 高口頭表達(dá)能力以及在掌握在面談時(shí)的儀表儀態(tài)。教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)/、同音標(biāo)的區(qū)分及運(yùn)用單詞辨音常見(jiàn)方法：分類(lèi)選擇法、對(duì)照選擇法、分類(lèi)排列法等。由于英語(yǔ)單詞的拼法和讀音之間有差異，因此就要求我們不僅能辨認(rèn)音標(biāo)，而且要掌握每個(gè)音標(biāo)的正確讀音，從而正確拼讀出每一個(gè)單詞。正確做好單詞辨音，最重要的是先理清題意，辨清是哪一種類(lèi)型，然后看清每題考察的是哪一個(gè)字母或字母組合的發(fā)音。簡(jiǎn)而言之，弄清考查題意和范

2、圍，是單詞辨音題的基本解題思路。英語(yǔ)發(fā)音規(guī)則、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音字母墳日例詞a開(kāi)f e?name plane Jane baby cake閉音節(jié)中?bag dad hat map black backe中i :hethese me Chinese閉ir節(jié)中ebed let pen desk yesi開(kāi)旨節(jié)中a?bike drive time nice kite閉音節(jié)中?fish big drink sit milk swimo中?uthose close go home no閉ir節(jié)中Dclock not box shop socku開(kāi)if 中ju：student excuse dut

3、y Tuesday閉ir節(jié)中 Abus cup jump much lunch【注意】在開(kāi)音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母j, l ,r ,s后面時(shí)讀u:音，例如June blue ruler super 鞏固練習(xí)：判斷下列各詞劃線部分發(fā)音是否相同，相同的打不同的打“X”1、first her ()2、fifth there ()3、today Saturday ()4、say says ( )5、eat keep ()6、April May ()7、look cartoon ()8、blow touch ()、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音字母墳日例詞a?China another woman b

4、reakfast?orange village cabbagee?hundred student openweekend?chicken pocketbegini?/?holiday beautiful familyanimala?exercise satelliteo?second tonight somebody welcome?ualsozerophotou?autumn difficultju:popular congratulation January【注意】動(dòng)詞中的a如果處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置 啟讀性？音，例如:operateu處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置，又在輔音字母j、l> r、s后面時(shí),tu

5、(:)音，例如Julyinfluence February issue鞏固練習(xí)：找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項(xiàng)。()1. A. must B. public C. question D. cup()2. A. danger B. her C. litter D. mother()3. A. stay B. away C .today D. Saturday()4. A. great B bread C. ready D. head()5. A. dear B. bear C. here D. nearby()6. A. cook B. room C. food D. shoot三、元音字母在重讀音

6、節(jié)中的特殊讀音字母墳日例詞在w音后面讀Dwantwhatwatchwash qualitya在 f、n、 sk、ph、sp、ss、afterplantgraphask graspst、th 前讀q :glassfastfatheri在-nd、-ld 和-gh 前讀q ?findchildlighthigh在-st、-ld 前讀?umostoldcoldpostcardo在 m、n、v、th 前讀Acomemonkeylovemother鞏固練習(xí)：選出劃線部分讀音與其它三個(gè)不同的單詞()1.A.photoB. boxC. clockD. lost()2.A. thankB. thinkC. th

7、ingD. brother()3.A. brownB. knowC. nowD. how()4.A. foodB. goodC. schoolD. room()5.A. blueB. busC. lunchD. number四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音字組墳日例詞ar一讀。:carfarmdarksharp在w后讀?:warm quartertowardsor一讀幻forty morning short在w音后讀3 :word workerworseer、ir、 ur3 :certainly bird Thursday【注意】輔音字母r雙寫(xiě)時(shí)，前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié)，而是

8、按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音，例如:carry sorry hurry-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀?音，例如：dollar teacher forget Saturday鞏固練習(xí)：?jiǎn)卧~辯音()1. A. ruler B. her C. teacher ()2. A. bear B. dear C. hear()3. A. hobby B. over C. pocket()4. A. front B. month C. orange()5. A. grass B. cage C. skate()6. A. recorder B. October C. sports()7. A. sign B. b

9、ike C. public()8. A. moment B. phone C. stop五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞aree?caredarehareere?heremereirea?firehirewireore?：morescorebefore shore boreureju：?pure cure【注意】are ere ire ore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀?音,例如:picture pleasure重讀元音字母加r,再加非重讀元字組時(shí)，重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀，字母r讀r音，例如：parent zero story duri

10、ng inspiring某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)音短化現(xiàn)象，例如 :orange very American paragraph鞏固練習(xí)：找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項(xiàng)。()I.A.first B. birthday C. her D. worker()2.A.July B. June C. blue D. costume()3.A.April B. candle C. January D. back()4.A.near B. year C. pear D. hear()5.A.third B. there C. fifth D. three()6.A.read B. ready C. te

11、am D. sea判斷下列各組單詞畫(huà)線部分的讀音是否相同，用 “出”父示。()1. bear pear() 2. there here()3. race have () 4. just must()5. then they() 6. mobile pocket()7. ground cousin( ) 8. ball roll()9. shoot look( ) 10. video diary六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組墳日例詞ai/aye?afraidrainwait day playaire?airhairchair pair repair?:lalwaysalsosalt al

12、mostalQ :halfcalmpalm在f、m 前?:lsmallballtalk wall allau/aw?:autumndaughter drawi:teacheasycheappleaseeaeheavybreadsweater weathere?breakgreat?heardearnear clear yeareare?bearpearwear3 :earthlearnearlyeei:jeepweekgreen threeeer?pioneerdeerbeerei/eye?eightneighbour theyi:eitherkeyeu/ewu:flewbrew在j、l、r、

13、s 后ju:newfew newspaperie/eii:piecefieldreceiveoa?ucoatJoanboat goaloar/oor?:roarboarddoor flooroi/oy?noisepointboy toiletu:broomfoodtooth schoolooubooklookcook foot goodQ uflowerhousecount down?uknowrowthrow thoughou/owAyoungcountry enoughu:groupyousoupour?:courseyourfourau?ourhour ours3 :journeyuiu

14、:juicefruitsuit在 j、l、r、s 后ju: ? fluidsuicide tuition鞏固練習(xí)：找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項(xiàng)()1. A. must B. public C. question D. cup()2. A. danger B. her C. litter D. mother()3. A. stay B. away C .today D. Saturday()4. A. great B bread C. ready D. head()5. A. dear B. bear C. here D. nearby()6. A. cook B. room C. food D.

15、 shoot判斷下列每組單詞畫(huà)線部分的發(fā)音是否相同，用“、或”求示。1. there here ()2. year hear ()3. dear bear ()4. where hair ()5 . pear near ()6 .their parents ()七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音元音字組墳日例詞ai/ay、ei/ey?Sundayforeign monkeyow?uyellowsparrow tomorrowou、ui?/?。neighbourserious famous biscuit-sion、-tion/nimpressionnation-sion在元音字母后nvisi

16、ondecisionoccasion-tion在s后t f nquestionsuggestion-stensnlisten-stleslwhistlecastle-sure陷pleasuremeasure-turet /?pictureculture八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)注重音符號(hào)，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。例如：everyday e? handbag ? blackboard ?:有些詞隨著語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失去其單獨(dú)存在的意義，融合成為一個(gè)詞。其中的非重讀部分 要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如：sun太陽(yáng)+ daye?

17、日子> Sunday?星期天break 中斷 + fast a 流戒 > breakfast?早餐cup 茶杯 + board 木板?: > cupboard?碗柜九、輔音字組的讀音字母組讀音例詞bbbikebusbag/bombtombkcakepicturecoat musicc在e前或在i/y前sfacedecidecinemat /muchchickrichteacherchkschoolheadache chemistry/machine-ckkcockpocketblack knockdddoctorbreadhand day-dged?bridgefridged

18、r-drchildrendriverdrinkfffivefourbreakfast-dsdzstandsfloodsgoodsggbaggardongo在e、i、y前d orangelarge Germanghfcoughenough/lightdaughter high在非重讀音節(jié)中g(shù)guessleague dialoguegu-、-guegwlanguage anguish1-hhothead house handh/hourhonestjd?jeepjar joke join Julykkkindbike skate makekn-nknifeknow knocklllifemilks

19、chool tallmmmonkeycome autumn-mnmautumncolumnnnotshine ten noten在k/ g音前?unclethank hungry-ng?morningyoung wrongPppaperplane pig ship penPhfelephantphoto telephoneqkIraqqu-kwqualityquiterrredrubber ruler在詞首或泊車(chē)fft的ssitsleep desks元音字母間或濁輔音前z musichusbandskScarletschoolsc-smusclesciencesh/shefishshirtwa

20、sh通常情況下ttenletter meett弱讀字母ia、ie、 io前/patientnationtcht /Watchkitchen在通常情況下0 thin thirty methodth冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞 e the these with than在詞尾-the、-ther 中 e Clothes father weathertr-trtree train country trucktstssportspartsvvveryvoiceloveleavewweekwinwakesweetwaitw/answertwowh-wh-在字母o前wwhatwhenwhitewhyhwho w

21、hose whole重讀兀首前ksboxtextexercisexgzexampleexistexactwr-rwritey-jyesyardyellowyoungzzpuzzlezerozoo十、重讀音節(jié)、開(kāi)音節(jié)、閉音節(jié)1、重讀音節(jié)單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)記雙音節(jié)，多音節(jié)詞的讀音時(shí)，應(yīng)使用重讀符號(hào)。單音節(jié)詞多 數(shù)是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)記讀音時(shí)不需要使用重讀符號(hào)。2、開(kāi)音節(jié)絕對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面沒(méi)有輔字組的重讀音節(jié)?！据o音 + 元音】例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面加單個(gè)輔音字母，再加一個(gè)不發(fā)音字母e構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié)?！据o音+

22、元音+輔音（r除外）+不發(fā)音的el傷J如:name these bike home3、閉音節(jié)單個(gè)元音字母后面有輔字組（r w y除外）且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)【元音+輔音】或【元音+輔音+輔音】例如：bag egg fish not cup4、多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則通常在倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)重讀。例如 :el-e-phant con-gra-tu- la-tion詞尾有-ic 或-tion , -sion 的詞，在-ic 或 -sion , -tion 前的個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀。例如 : sci-en-ti-fic im-pre-ssion na-tion鞏固練習(xí)：根據(jù)所給音標(biāo)寫(xiě)出單詞/'kwest?!/

23、'hel / 9?/'ri: ?l?/'h?b ?t/'t?k?n/'k?r ?t/'ved?t?bl/'b?:(r) 9/de?/bred/ra?t/常用音標(biāo)單詞匯總q : grass, class , ask , after, farm far farther park? young some ,come， brother， mother bus , sun ,but?: warm for morning short sport horse all , walk? hot , stop , clock, want ,what, wat

24、ch , wash?: learn early her work bird girl birthday shirt skirt third first turn nurse Thursday ? brother father mother sister teacher number after flower doctor visitor mirror ? cat ,black ,glade head sweaterbreakfast ready bread heavy bed , left , helpi: peach beacheach please readteacher teach ea

25、t seat tea meat ice- creammeansweet tree needstreet sweep weekend these , he, she, wesee three greeni big ,milk ,thinkgive ,liveu: food school too cartoon whosezoo coolroom noodle afternoon soonballoon spoonmoon? cook foot footballclassroombedroom bathroom look goodgoodbye bookshould0 mouth think thinwouldthank bathro