高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit19-20

1、高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit19-20重點(diǎn)句型1. She dressed herself as a lawyer's clerk.2. I offer you six times what you have just offered.3. I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.4. You shall get justice.5. It's silly of sb. to do sth.6. He has no choice but to cry.7. I'd come to if 1 had

2、time to spare.8. I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed.9. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a dis- tance of 380 kilometres.10. In terms of technical development, people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.重點(diǎn)詞匯1. merchant n. 商人2. deny v. 否定3. enemy n. 敵人4. r

3、easonable adj. 合乎情理的5. weakness n. 弱點(diǎn)6. judgement n. 判斷7. gentleman n. 紳士8. greeting n. 問(wèn)候9. envy vt. & n. 嫉妒10. accuse vt. 指控11. fortune n. 機(jī)會(huì)12. bargain n. & adj. 討價(jià)還價(jià)(的)13. bless vt. 保佑14. legal adj. 法定的15. deed n. 行動(dòng)16. requirement n. 需要17. declare vt. 宣布18. court n. 法庭19. justice n. 公正2

4、0. therefore adv. 因此21. worthy adj. 值得的22. mercy n. 仁慈23. punish vt. 懲罰24. order vt. & n. 命令25. emperor n. 皇帝26. clothing n. 衣服27. dozen n. (一) 打28. spare adj. 額外的 vt. 騰出29. average adj. 平均的30. accompany vt. 陪伴31. quality n. 數(shù)量32. square adj. 平方的 n. 廣場(chǎng)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. pay back 償還2. have mercy on 對(duì)表示憐憫3. a

5、t the mercy of 任由擺布4. go about 著手干5. as far as I know 就我所知6. tear up 撕毀7. go down on one's knees 跪下8. tend to 趨于9. in terms of 就而言10. in the eyes of 在看來(lái)11. 1end a hand 幫助12. serve as 作為13. may / might as well do sth. 還是做某事好14. be seated 就座15. take sb. in one' s arms 擁抱某人16. have a hand in 插手

6、短語(yǔ)闖關(guān)下列短語(yǔ)都是這兩個(gè)單元學(xué)過(guò)的重要短語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)在橫線上填人一個(gè)正確的詞，每個(gè)詞4分，80分才能過(guò)關(guān)，你一定能過(guò)關(guān)，做好了闖關(guān)的準(zhǔn)備嗎?那么我們就開(kāi)始吧?1. pay _ 償還；報(bào)答2. have mercy _ 對(duì)表示憐憫3. go _ 開(kāi)始做；著手干4. as _ as I know 就我所知5. tear _ 撕毀；取消(合同等)6. _ the mercy of任由擺布或控制7. go down _ one's knees 跪下8. tend _ 朝某方向；趨于9. _ terms of 就而言；用的話；以的觀點(diǎn)10. in the _ of在看來(lái)11. lend a

7、 _ 幫助12. serve _ 作為；當(dāng)作13. dig _ 挖出；掘起14. have a _ in 參與；插手；對(duì)某事負(fù)部分責(zé)任15. remind sb _ sth 使某人想起；提醒16. have sb _ your power 使某人在你的控制下17. date to (=date from) 追溯到18. take _ 發(fā)生19. be _ 坐下20. cut _ 切斷；割掉；剪掉21. offer _ 奉獻(xiàn)；獻(xiàn)出；獻(xiàn)上22. take _ 拿走；拿開(kāi)23. send _ 讓走開(kāi)24. _ least反正；無(wú)論如何；至少25. link. 把和聯(lián)系起來(lái)交際用語(yǔ)1. Correct

8、 me if I'm wrong, but .2. One of the most important facts is .3. As far as I know .4, You shouldn't forget that .5. You could, for example6. What shouldn't be forgotten is .7. I wonder what I who .8. I'd like to know more about ,.9. What I'd really like to find out is .10. I'

9、 m curious about .單詞聚焦13. accompany vt.1) 陪伴 She accompanied me to the doctor's. / The minister was accompanied by his secretary to the hospital.2) 伴隨 Lightning usually accompanies thunder.3) 伴奏 The well-known singer W&S accompanied at the electrical organ by his school teacher.7. bargain1)

10、bargain n. 交易，合同交易；協(xié)議；廉價(jià)買(mǎi)到的東西A bargain's a bargain. / He made a bargain with his wife "You take care of the children and I'll cook." / This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. / It's a real bargain.2) bargain vi. (常與with，for連用) 講價(jià)；談條件 If you bargain with them they mig

11、ht reduce the price, she bargain- ed with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.比較charge n. 費(fèi)用，價(jià)錢(qián)；v. 要價(jià)，收費(fèi) charge sb some money for (doing) sth. 因做某事向人索價(jià)此外，charge還可作“看管，負(fù)責(zé)”解。take charge (of sb. / sth.) 照管，管理in charge (of sb. / sth.) 照管，管理in the charge of sb. 在的管理之下Who is in charge here? = Wh

12、o takes charge here?This project is in the charge of Mr. Smith.11. dozendozen n. pl. (dozen，dozens) (作為實(shí)數(shù)及用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)不加“s”) 一打，十二個(gè) (pl. dozens) 若干；幾十；許多 several dozen exercise-books 幾打練習(xí)本 / some dozen (of) people 約十二個(gè)人 / some dozens of people 幾十個(gè)人 / pack pencils in dozens 按打包裝鉛筆習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)：by the dozen 按打計(jì)算 /

13、 I've bought a dozen eggs for dinner tonight. / The institute has dozens of telescopes through which we can observe the satellites tra- velling in space.3. envy嫉妒；羨慕(1) vt. Better be envied than pitied. 寧可讓人妒忌，不要讓人憐憫。/ I envy him his success. 我很羨慕(嫉妒)他的成功。(2) n. They only say such unkind things

14、about you out ofenvy. 他們純粹出于忌妒才說(shuō)你這些壞話。/ He was filled with envy at my success. 他十分羨慕(嫉妒)我的成功。搭配： feel envy at. 對(duì)感到嫉妒 out of envy 出于嫉妒羨慕 envy sb 嫉妒羨慕某人 envy sb sth = envy one's sth 嫉妒羨慕某人某事I don't envy you your journey in this bad weather. 我并不羨慕你在這種壞天氣去旅行?！究祭?】I bought a new type of cellphone

15、, which was the _ of all my classmates.A. admire B. wish C. respect D. envy考查目標(biāo) 考查詞語(yǔ)在具體語(yǔ)境中的用法。答案與解析D .is the envy of sb. 意為“是某人所羨慕的”?！究键c(diǎn)lO】expect 的用法構(gòu)詞： expectation n. C；U 預(yù)料；預(yù)期；期待；期望；盼望 unexpected adj. 未預(yù)料到的句型： expect that clause 以為；認(rèn)為；期望 expect to do sth 期望干某事 expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事 sb didn&#

16、39;t expect sb to do sth 沒(méi)料到某人會(huì)干某事 expect so / not料想如此不會(huì)如此 .as / than (sb) expected 如預(yù)料比預(yù)料更 as is / was / might be expected；as might have been expected果然；不出所料；正如所料 had expected to do sth 表示“本希望(本想)，但未實(shí)現(xiàn)”。 beyond (one's) expectation 出乎(某人)意料；料想不到；較預(yù)期的更大好辨析：desire；expect；hope；want；wish該組詞均可表達(dá)愿望，但：

17、expect表示“期待。期望，盼望”，有把握，有根據(jù)地認(rèn)為某事將要發(fā)生或期待某事的發(fā)生，著重相信或認(rèn)為有客觀可能。hope表示想做某事或期望出現(xiàn)某種有利的結(jié)果，隱含這種希望可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，意為“希望于某事”。want為普通口語(yǔ)用詞，指對(duì)滿足某種實(shí)際需要的渴求。wish表示一種心愿和渴望，渴望的程度比desire弱，或表示一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，也用來(lái)表示對(duì)人的祝福。desire既可作動(dòng)詞。也可作名詞。最正式、嚴(yán)肅，強(qiáng)調(diào)感情的強(qiáng)烈和熱切，強(qiáng)調(diào)“主觀愿望的熱切性”，含有“強(qiáng)烈希望做某事”的意思。例如：He desires a college education. 他想受大學(xué)教育。/ I expect tha

18、t we'll succeed this time. 我想這次我們一定會(huì)成功。/ I hope everything goes well with your work. 祝你工作如意，事事順心。/ I don't want your child to be spoiled. 我不愿你的孩子被寵壞。/ I wish I had tried more things at college. 我以前讀大學(xué)時(shí)，若能多嘗試一些事情多好。/ How I wish I could buy a house like that. 啊，假如我能買(mǎi)一棟那樣的房子該多好。友情提示：expect表示“期待

19、，期望，盼望”，有把握、有根據(jù)地認(rèn)為某事將要發(fā)生或期待某事的發(fā)生，著重相信或認(rèn)為有客觀可能?！究祭?0】(2004北京春招) I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy.A. wouldn't expect B. haven't expectedC. hadn't expected D. wasn't expecting考查目標(biāo)考查expect的時(shí)態(tài)所表示的含義。答案與解析C I hadn't expected 表示“我當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有意料到”，與過(guò)去的事實(shí)情況相反。4. fortune n. 機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣make a fo

20、rtune 發(fā)財(cái)致富 / push one's fortune 追求名利，努力抬高自己的地位；力圖發(fā)跡 / run a fortune 冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn) / seek one's fortune 尋求出路，力圖發(fā)跡 / try one's fortune 碰運(yùn)氣 He made a considerable fortune selling waste materials. 他靠賣(mài)廢料發(fā)了大財(cái)。/ Fortune favours the brave.【考點(diǎn)9】hand的用法構(gòu)詞： handshake n. C 握手 handstand n. C手倒立 handtruck n. C手

21、推車(chē) handwriting n. U筆跡，書(shū)法 handful n. C (一)把；少數(shù)。少量 handkerchief n. C手帕 handbag n. C女用皮包，手提包 搭配： hold out one's hand 伸出手 hold one's hand 握著某人的手 reach (out) for.= reach (out) one's hand for.伸手夠 raise one's hand(s) = put up one's hand(s)舉手 hand down 把傳下去發(fā)下去 hand in 上交；遞交；提交 hand out 分

22、發(fā)；發(fā)放；散發(fā) hand (over) to. 移交給，拿給(另一個(gè)) go hand in hand with 與齊頭并進(jìn) by hand 手工；用手(區(qū)別于用機(jī)器等) hand in hand 并進(jìn)；聯(lián)合；手拉手；緊密合作 from hand to hand 從一人之手轉(zhuǎn)到他人之手 at hand 在手邊；即將到來(lái)；即將來(lái)臨；在近處 a green hand 生手；沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人 a handful of 少量的；一把；很少的 be short of hands 缺人手 give / lend sb a hand (with sth) (在某方面)幫某人一下忙 shake hands wit

23、h sb = shake one's hand = shake sb by the hand與某人握手 catch / take sb by the hand = catch / take one's hand抓住拉著某人的手 Hands up! 舉起手來(lái)!(命令)比較：Hands off! 請(qǐng)勿動(dòng)手!(不要用手摸!) 句型： hand sb. sth = hand sth (on) to sb = hand (on) sth to sb 把交給 on the one hand., on the other hand 一方面，(但)另一方面 (可連用，也可單獨(dú)使用) (第一個(gè)t

24、he和第二個(gè)hand可以省略) have a hand in (doing) sth 參與；插手；對(duì)(干)某事負(fù)部分責(zé)任【考例9】(2004福建)It's certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old.A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over考查目標(biāo)考查 hand over 的意思。答案與解析C hand over.to sb 把移交給某人?！究键c(diǎn)6】hope 的用法構(gòu)詞： hopeful adj. 有希望的；有前途的 hopefully adv

25、. 有希望地 hopeless adj. 沒(méi)有希望的；不可救藥的搭配： in the hope of = in hopes of = hoping 懷著的希望 hope for sth 希望；期待句型： hope to do sth (既表示愿望又表示對(duì)此很有把握)希望 hope that clause 希望；預(yù)祝 (be) in the hope / hopes of doing sth 希望 (be)in the hope / hopes that clause 希望 express the / one's hope to do sth 希望 express the / one&#

26、39;s hope that clause 希望 It is hoped that. = Hopefully.人們希望 I hope so. 我希望如此。 I hope not. 我希望沒(méi)有。(我希望不。) had hoped to do sth 或had hoped that sb would do sth 表示“本希望(本想)，但未實(shí)現(xiàn)” There is little / no / not much hope of (doing) sth 干某事的希望不大I s there little / no / not much hope that.? 沒(méi)有干某事的希望 / 可能嗎? Is the

27、re any hope of doing sth? Is there any hope that? 有十某事的希望嗎?辨析：desire；expect；hope；want：wish (見(jiàn)本講考點(diǎn)10)友情提示：千萬(wàn)不可使用hope sb to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)?！究祭?】(2004江蘇)- You haven't lost the ticket, have you?- _. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment.A. I hope not B. Yes, I haveC. I hope so D. Yes,

28、 I'm afraid so考查目標(biāo)考查語(yǔ)境中的交際用語(yǔ)。答案與解析A 根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境可以得出答案。1. mercy n. 仁慈、憐憫They showed little mercy to the enemies. 他們對(duì)敵人毫不憐憫。/ We were treated with mercy. 人們對(duì)待我們很仁慈。have mercy on 對(duì)表示憐憫 She was so kind that the showed much mercy on the poor. 她很仁慈對(duì)窮人很憐憫。at the mercy of 任由擺布，受控制 She is at the mercy of he

29、r emotions. 她完全受自己感情的支配?！究键c(diǎn)2】order 的用法搭配： obey orders 服從命令 in order that 為了；以便 in order to 為了；以便 in order 整齊；按順序；有條理 out of order 失靈，出故障 take orders from sb = take one's orders 接受命令 send orders to sb 傳令給 give an order 下命令 take / have one's order 請(qǐng)某人點(diǎn)菜 keep order 維持秩序 have orders 奉命句型： order

30、sb. to do sth 命令某人干某事 order sth to be done 命令干某事 order (that) sh / sth (should) + V. 命令干某事 order sb sth 給某人訂購(gòu)某物 in order to do sth; in order that-clause 為了 We used the computer in order to save time. = We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我們使用計(jì)算機(jī)是為了節(jié)省時(shí)間。 There came an order that.=

31、An order came that. 傳來(lái)命令 May I take / have your order? 你點(diǎn)菜嗎?(飯店服務(wù)員用語(yǔ))辨析：command；direct；order三詞均意為“命令”，但command語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，多用于正式的場(chǎng)合。direct語(yǔ)氣較弱。order語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，但比較局限和具體，多用于軍事指揮中，接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如：The men did as their officer had commanded. 士兵遵照長(zhǎng)官的命令行事。/ The general directed that his men should retreat. 將軍命令他的部下撤退。/

32、The police ordered the demonstrators to stop. 警方命令示威者停止前進(jìn)?！究祭?】(1996上海)- I wonder if I could use your telephone. - _.A. I wonder how B. I don't wonderC. Sorry, it's out of order D. No wonder, here it is考查目標(biāo)考查交際用語(yǔ)。答案與解析C out of order 表示“出故障”。【考點(diǎn)4】pay的用法構(gòu)詞： pay phone 公用電話 payday 發(fā)薪日 pay envelo

33、pe 工資袋 well-paid 高薪的 搭配： pay back 償還歸還(借款等)；報(bào)答；報(bào)復(fù)；回敬 pay for sth 付錢(qián)；支付；為付m(代價(jià)) pay off (one's debts) 還清(債務(wù)) pay sb back for. 報(bào)答某人什么 pay one's debt 還賬 pay.a visit = pay a visit to 訪問(wèn)；拜訪 get / be paid = get one's pay 領(lǐng)工資；得到報(bào)酬 pay taxes / rent / the bill 納稅交租金付賬 pay one's respects to sb

34、 向某人表示敬意 pay attention to 注意 句型： pay sb some money for (doing) sth 干某事付給某人多少錢(qián) pay sb + 錢(qián)付給某人多少錢(qián) pay for (doing) sth 為(干)某事付錢(qián) pay + 錢(qián) + for (doing) sth 為(干)某事付多少錢(qián) pay sb to do sth 雇某人干某事 辨析：fee；pay；salary；wagesalary 指定期發(fā)放的工資，常以一個(gè)月或一年為期限，多為白領(lǐng)工作人員或管理部門(mén)的人員的工資wage 多用復(fù)數(shù)wages，指體力勞動(dòng)者的工資，指每周所發(fā)的工資或計(jì)時(shí)計(jì)件工資pay 指

35、發(fā)給軍人或其他公務(wù)員的“薪水”，經(jīng)常指永久性的、定期付給一定數(shù)量的錢(qián)fee指為某種專(zhuān)業(yè)服務(wù)而付出的錢(qián)(如付給律師的)。例如：The fee for the concert is 100 yuan. 音樂(lè)會(huì)的票價(jià)是100元。We can't afford private school fees. 我們負(fù)擔(dān)不起私立學(xué)校的學(xué)費(fèi)。It's a dirty job but the pay is good. 這是份很臟的工作，但工資不錯(cuò)。My salary is paid directly into my bank account. 我的薪金是直接撥入我的銀行戶頭的。What's

36、the average wage in this country? 這個(gè)國(guó)家的平均工資是多少?【考例4】(NMET 1998)Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay考查目標(biāo)考查 get paid 的含義。答案與解析C get paid 領(lǐng)工資；得到報(bào)酬?！究键c(diǎn)8】serve 的用法構(gòu)詞： service n. 服務(wù) servant n. 仆人，傭人 service-charge tip n. 服務(wù)費(fèi)，小費(fèi) a service industry 一種服務(wù)性行

37、業(yè) 搭配： serve sb heart anti soul 全心全意為人民服務(wù) serve as / for 某物當(dāng)用；用作；起作用 serve one's turn / need / purpose 適合某人的目的 /需要 / 心意 serve in the army 服役 provide good after-sales service 提供優(yōu)質(zhì) community service 社區(qū)服務(wù) go into service 投入使用；去幫傭 in service 當(dāng)傭人；在職；服兵役；使用中 do sb a (great) service 幫某人個(gè)(大)忙；給某人.(大)忙 be

38、 at one's service 聽(tīng)候某人吩咐；聽(tīng)?wèi){某人使用At your service. 愿為您效勞；聽(tīng)候您的吩咐 句型： serve sb (with) sth = serve sth to sb 拿用招待款待某人 Can I be of (any) service to you? 我能幫你什么忙嗎? be of service to. 對(duì)有用有幫助有好處【考例8】(NMET 1993)In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. ser

39、ved考查目標(biāo) 考查固定短語(yǔ)。答案與解析B 考查 be served with 固定短語(yǔ)。6. so young a body說(shuō)明在一個(gè)帶有形容詞的名詞詞組中，不定冠詞a / an通常放在adj. 的前面。但是，如果adj.前有so, too, how, quite 時(shí)，a / an應(yīng)放 adj. 的后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：so / too / how / quite + adj. + a / an + n.。He is so good a student. / It is too difficult a job for me.12. spare1) adj. 備用的，多余的，剩余的 a spare

40、tire 備用輪胎 / spare cash 余款 If you have a spare bed, may I stay tonight? / Have you any spare time to help me?2) n. 節(jié)約，抽出 spare no effort / pain 不遺余力 / spare no expense 不惜工本 / Please spare me your opinions, just tell me the facts. / Can you spare this time to help me? / Can you spare me this book for

41、a while? 搭配： in one's spare time 在空余時(shí)間；在業(yè)余時(shí)間 spare no pains / efforts to do sth 不遺余力地去做某事 spare one's energy 節(jié)省精力【考例3】(2005湖北)They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to _.A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make考查目標(biāo)考查幾個(gè)與時(shí)間名詞搭配的動(dòng)詞含義。答案與解析A 題意為“他們出發(fā)晚了，只剩下幾分鐘的時(shí)間趕往機(jī)場(chǎng)”。to spare = be a

42、ble to afford to give (time, money, etc.) 意為“多余。余富”?！究键c(diǎn)5】turn 的用法 構(gòu)詞：turning n. C拐彎處，拐角處搭配： turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身；轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái) turn away 把打發(fā)走；解雇；拒絕；把臉扭開(kāi) turn down 關(guān)小；調(diào)低；拒絕 turn green 變綠 turn in 上繳；移交給警察 turn off 關(guān)掉(自來(lái)水、電燈、收音機(jī)等)；切斷 turn on 開(kāi)；旋開(kāi)(電燈、無(wú)線電等) turn over 翻到；翻身；翻(書(shū)頁(yè))；翻動(dòng)；翻耕(土地)；把翻一翻；移交(工作)；轉(zhuǎn)讓(公司) tur

43、n to 翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向；求救于；求助于 turn up 調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)；到達(dá)；找到；轉(zhuǎn)彎；轉(zhuǎn)向 o. 把變成 wait one's turn 等著輪到某人 by turns 輪流地依次 turn out 結(jié)果證明是；生產(chǎn) turn into 進(jìn)入 in turn 依次；反過(guò)來(lái)(表示對(duì)比)句型： turn + n. = become a / an / the + n. 變成 turn + adj. (green / yellow / deaf) 變得 It's one's turn to do sth = Now comes one's turn to

44、do sth 輪到某人干某事了；該某人干某事一般疑問(wèn)句：Is it one's turn to do sth?特殊疑問(wèn)句：Whose turn is it to do sth?take turns (at) doing sth / to do sth = take one's turn to do sth = do sth by turns = do sth in turn 輪流千某事“(結(jié)果)證明”可表達(dá)為：.turn out (to be) + 名詞或形容詞；It turns / turned out that + 句子。例如：The meeting turned out

45、to be a great success. 結(jié)果會(huì)議開(kāi)得很成功。= It turned out that the meeting was a great success. 辨析：become; get; go; grow; turn該組詞作系動(dòng)詞用時(shí)， 均表示變化，但become意為“變成，成為， 轉(zhuǎn)為”，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，多指有一種狀態(tài)向另一種狀態(tài)的變化，所表示的變化過(guò)程往往已經(jīng)完成，其后可接形容詞、名詞等作表語(yǔ)。get意為“變成，起來(lái)”，多用于口語(yǔ)，多指由一種狀態(tài)變成另一種狀態(tài)，表示短時(shí)間的狀態(tài)變化，其后接形容詞、不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞等作表語(yǔ)。go常指由好變壞或由正常情況變成特殊情況。如：go

46、bad / blind / mad / crazy / wrong / red變壞 /變瞎 / 變瘋 / 出毛病 / (氣得臉)變紅；表示短時(shí)間的狀態(tài)變化，其后接形容詞等作表語(yǔ)。grow有“逐漸變成新?tīng)顟B(tài)”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化過(guò)程。turn意為“變成”，表示成為完全不同的事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果。其后可接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，一般表示東西變質(zhì)，人或天氣變壞及顏色的變化等，后接名詞時(shí)，名詞前無(wú)冠詞。例如：Johnson has become a lawyer, but Michael remains a waiter at a hotel. Johnson已做了律師，可Michael卻還在一家賓館當(dāng)服務(wù)員。/ D

47、on't get too excited! 不要太激動(dòng)! / Meat goes bad easily in summer. 肉在夏天易變壞。/ The smoke grew thicker. 煙變得更濃了。/ The milk turned sour. 牛奶酸了。 He has turned journalist. = He has become a journalist. 他已經(jīng)成了一名記者。 close shut；turn off 該組詞均表達(dá)“關(guān)，關(guān)閉”之意，但close意為“關(guān)，關(guān)閉，封閉”，是較正式的用語(yǔ)，常指把門(mén)窗、箱子、盒千等關(guān)閉起來(lái)或?qū)⑹褂弥穆贩忾]起來(lái)。shut意為

48、“關(guān)，關(guān)閉，關(guān)牢”，可與互換使用，但其意味更強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)的結(jié)果，含有關(guān)緊或關(guān)牢之意。turn off 意為“關(guān)關(guān)閉”，常用于電源、電燈、電視、收音機(jī)等電器及水流等液體的關(guān)閉?！究祭?】(2004浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite _ as planned.A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up考查目標(biāo) 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。答案與解析B make out表示“分辨”；turn out表示“結(jié)果是”；go on 表示“繼續(xù)”；come up表示“問(wèn)題等被提出”。結(jié)合

49、上下文的意思應(yīng)該選turn out。【考點(diǎn)7】waste 的用法 搭配：a waste of的浪費(fèi) 句型： waste sth 浪費(fèi)；消耗 waste time / money + (in) doing sth 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間金錢(qián)干某事 waste time / money + on sth 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 / 金錢(qián) It's (a) waste of time / money / breath + to do sth. / doing sth 干某事是白費(fèi)時(shí)間錢(qián)口舌【考例7】(NMET 1995)You're _ your time trying to persuade him; he&

50、#39;ll never join us.A. spending B. wasting C. losing D. missing考查目標(biāo)考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。答案與解析B 根據(jù)上下文的意思”他不會(huì)加到我們中的，所以你是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間”。牛刀小試1用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：(spare, hope, waste, hand, expect, envy)1. Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had _.2. Children are tired of learning often because they _ to do bet

51、ter than they can.3. I _ to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.4. After all the students had taken their seats, the teacher _ out the examination papers.5. How I _him the pleasures he had during the vacation!6. The school building is limited, so we have no _ room to hold this meetin

52、g.7. First come, first _.詞語(yǔ)比較1. now that, due to, because of, owing to(1) now that 作“既然”講時(shí)，相當(dāng)于since。now that中的that可省去。Now (that) you are well again, you can travel. 你既然恢復(fù)了健康，就能夠旅行了。(2) due to 作“起因于、歸功于”時(shí)，常作表語(yǔ)或跟在名詞后。Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious results.粗枝大葉造成的錯(cuò)誤可能帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重后果。/ The team

53、9;s success was largely due to her efforts. 該隊(duì)的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。(3) because of “由于、因?yàn)椤?，在句中作狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。His anger is because of your bad deeds. 他是因你的失禮行為而生氣。(4) owing to “由于、因?yàn)椤?，常在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中與because of，due to換用。Owing to unfavorable weather, I was unable to carry on with it. 由于天氣不好，我不能把它進(jìn)行下去。2. pay back, pay off,

54、 pay forpay back是“償還，報(bào)復(fù)，報(bào)答”的意思pay off是除“還清”的意思外，常用的意思還有“有報(bào)酬”pay for是“付款”的意思。How can I pay you back for all your kindness? 你的這番好意我該怎么報(bào)答呢? / Soon they paid off the loan. 不久他們把貸款還清了。/ His hard work paid off when he got the promotion. 他得到了提升，他的努力沒(méi)有白費(fèi)。/ Do you have to pay for your schooling? 你上學(xué)要付學(xué)費(fèi)嗎?3.

55、announce, declare這兩個(gè)詞都含有“宣布”的意思。其區(qū)別主要是：announce 所宣布的是公眾較感興趣的事情，常帶有“預(yù)告”的意思declare 一般用于較為正式的場(chǎng)合，特別是用于官方場(chǎng)合。例如：It has been announced that they will be married next week. 據(jù)宣布，他們將在下周結(jié)婚。The price of rice was announced in the papers. 大米的價(jià)格已在報(bào)上公布。declare war 宣戰(zhàn) declare peace 宣布和平 The arrested man declared him

56、self (to be) innocent. 被逮捕的人聲稱(chēng)自己是無(wú)罪的。declare 還有一個(gè)重要的意思是“申報(bào) (納稅品、房地產(chǎn)等)，例如：Do you have anything to declare? 你有什么要申報(bào)納稅的嗎?4. combine, connect, join, unite此組動(dòng)詞意為“聯(lián)合、連接”。(1) combine 意為“結(jié)合、聯(lián)合”，指為了某一目的而把兩事物結(jié)合在一起。We must combine theory with practice. 我們必須把理論和實(shí)踐聯(lián)系起來(lái)。(2) connect “連接”，指用東西把兩事物連接在一起，或兩事物直接相連，二者仍保持原狀。The two cities are connected by a r