人教版初三英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型、用法及例句

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一 構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞 have/has + 過去分詞例 :肯定句 I have worked.He has worked.否定句 I have not (haven't ) worked.He has not (hasn't )worked .疑問句 Have you worked ?Has he worked ?回答 Yes，I have. / No , I haven't .Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.二 功能及意義1. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去， 對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響， 但沒有具體的過去時(shí)間修飾。 常由下列副詞修飾：

2、ever 曾經(jīng)，never 從不，already 已經(jīng)， yet 還（未），（yet只用在否定句和疑問句中） ，just 剛剛，recently，lately 近來， so far 迄今為止 = until now, up to now， before 以前例： Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過長(zhǎng)城嗎？ I have never heard of such a man我.從沒有聽說過那個(gè)人。 We have just had lunch 我們剛剛吃過午飯I have already returned your money我.已經(jīng)把錢還給你了。

3、I haven't found my book yet. （否）我還沒有找到筆記本Have you done your homework yet?（疑）你做作業(yè)了嗎？Have you heard from him recently ? 你最近收到他的來信了嗎？So far, no one has made any mistakes yet迄.今為止還沒有人犯錯(cuò)誤I have never traveled by plane before我.以前從來沒有乘飛機(jī)旅行過2 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在剛剛結(jié)束或者仍在繼續(xù)。常常與下列時(shí)間狀語連用：for + 一段時(shí)間I have le

4、arned Englishfor 8 yearssince + 過去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)I have learned English since 2001 since + 一段時(shí)間 + agoI have learned English since 8 years ago since + 時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句I have learned English since I was 5 years old時(shí)間段 in the past/last +We have had two English exams in the past two months近兩個(gè)月來我們進(jìn)行了2 次英語考試Great c

5、hanges have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years近十年來我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。三 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞的用法學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中， 與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)應(yīng)注意句中的謂語動(dòng)詞須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可和一段時(shí)間連用。我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)八年了。誤 ： I have left this school for eight years（ ×）他借用我的詞典已經(jīng)兩天了誤： He has borrowed my dictionary for two days（×）非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)，可做相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)

6、化因此中例句正確形式分別為我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)八年了。正 ： I have been away from this school for eight years（）他借用我的詞典已經(jīng)兩天了正： He has kept my dictionary for two days（ ）其它非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段連用時(shí)的變形buy haveborrow keep,fall asleep be asleepleave be awaybegin be ondie be dead,join be in 或 be a member ofreturn be backcome/arrive be inget upbe u

7、p,marry be marriedcatch a cold have a cold在否定句中短暫性動(dòng)詞可與短時(shí)間連用I haven't gone to see him for several months（ 我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒有去看他了）I haven't bought anything for two months四 區(qū)分have been to +地點(diǎn) ; 表示去過某個(gè)地方（已經(jīng)回來） ，常與 ever, never ,幾次，等連用have gone to +地點(diǎn) : 表示到地方去了（還沒回來）have been in+地點(diǎn)： 表示到了某個(gè)地方（多久了） ，常與 for +

8、 段時(shí)間連用比較： He has been to China twice(曾經(jīng)去過 ,現(xiàn)在不在中國）He has gone to China 他到中國去了 .（他可能已在去中國的路上，或已到中國，總之，現(xiàn)在不在這里）He has been in China for two years(他到中國已經(jīng)兩年了）五 對(duì)完成時(shí)的提問用how long.? 不能用when. ?六 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用句型學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載1 It is the first/second time.that.結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)It is the first time that I have visited the ci

9、ty這是我第一次參觀這座城市It is the third time that the boy has been late這是這個(gè)男生第三次遲到了2 This is the. that. 結(jié)構(gòu)， that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) This is the best film that I 've (ever) seen這是我看過的最好的電影This is the first time that I've heard him sing這是我第一次聽他唱歌3 It is / It has been + 時(shí)間段 + since .It has been/ It's 5 years

10、since we last met.自從上一次我們相遇到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是五年了It's / It has been 3 months since the man died那人死去 3 個(gè)月了4 一段時(shí)間 + 完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu) + since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Two years has passed since I came here.七 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果， 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用， 如 yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1998 等。而一般過去時(shí)只

11、表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用I have seen the film 我看過這部電影（我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容）I saw the film last week 我上周看了這部電影（只說明上星期）1._ you _(clean) the room?Yes, we _(do) that already.When _ you _(do) it?We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes，he has.When _ he _(see) it?He _ it last week.3. How m

12、any times _you_(be) there?4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasn t she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there?She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last yea

13、r.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載選用for 和 since填空 :1.We haven t seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. It s five years _ we met last time.用 Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空。1 Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.2 Mum is not at home now. she _ the s