Inversion (2).doc

Inversion (倒裝)倒裝類型：1）完全倒裝：謂語全部置于主語的前面。2）部分倒裝：謂語的一部分如助動詞置于主語的前面。完全倒裝1) here,there,in,out,up,down,away,off等副詞置于句首，其謂語動詞是come, go, run, rush, fly,escape, flee等不及物動詞。a. Here comes the bus.b. There goes the bell.c. Away flew the birds.d. Out ran the children.注意：如上述句中主語是代詞，主謂不倒裝。e.g. Away they ran. Here it comes. There you are.2) in front of , at the back of , in the distance , to the east of 等表示地點或表示方位的作狀語的介詞短語置于句首。a. In the distance stands a high building.b. On the wall hang/hung two portraits.c. To the north of the city lies a radio plant(工廠).=(North of the city lies a radio plant.) 3)There引導的存在句型。a. There exist serious problems in the world.b. There lived an old man named Yu Gong at the foot of a mountain.c. There came a shout for help from the riverside.d. There lies a large wheat field in front of the village. 部分倒裝1） hardly/scarcely/rarely(幾乎不)，little , seldom (不經常) , never等否定意義的副詞置于句首；not until,not only,(與but also連用)等否定意義的連詞置于句首，主謂部分倒裝。a. Hardly could I recognize him when I saw him ten years later.b.Little does he know about economy.c.Seldom did she go to the school library.d.Never have I seen such a large apple.e.Not a single mistake did he make in the last exam. f.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.g.Not only is the teacher himself interested in football ,but also all his students are beginning to show interest in it.h.Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off . (hardlywhen一-就-)i.No sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang.(no soonerthan一-就-)j. By no means will the Chinese people give in to the terrorists.( 絕不at no time , in no case, in no way, on no account ，under no circumstances )2) so, neither, nor 表“也”出現在句首部分倒裝。a.Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? _I dont know, nor do I care.b. He passed the exam, so have I.（補充：a. He likes music , but doesnt like sports.So it is with her./ It is the same with her.b. He is fond of sports and shows great interest in football. So it is with Tom./ It is the same with Tom. )3) only出現在句首修飾介詞、副詞、狀語從句時，即only后接狀語時主謂部分倒裝。a. Only in this way can you work out the problem.b. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in.c. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 注意：only 后接主語/ 賓語時不倒裝。 e.g. Only he can do it well. Only a few mistakes he made in the last exam.3)so-that-,such-that-引導結果狀語從句時,so/such后面that前面的部分置于句首時,部分倒裝。a. He speaks English so fluently that no one can match him .=So fluently does he speak English that no one can match him.b. He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.=Such rapid progress did he make that the teacher praised him.4) as引導的讓步狀語從句常將句中的表語、動詞、副詞提至句首。a. Although he is a child , he knows a lot.= Child as（=though） he is, he knows a lot.b. Although he is young, he speaks very good English . =Young as he is, he speaks very good English.c. Although he works hard , he has made little progress.= Hard as he works , he has made little progress.d. Although he tries , he cant do it well.=Try as he may , he cant do it well.e. Although he tried , he couldnt do it Well. =Try as he might , he couldnt do it well.5) if引導的條件狀語從句中有had,were,should ,省略if 并將had,were,should置于句首，構成簡略倒裝。a. Had he known it earlier , he would have helped us.b.Were I you , I wouldnt go there.c.Should it rain tomorrow /Were it to rain tomorrow, we would cancel the sports meeting.c.表示“現在要不是”If it were not for his help, we couldnt start the work.=But for his help, we couldnt start the work.=Were it not for his help, we couldnt start the work.d. 表示“過去要不是” If it had not been for his help, we couldnt have finished our work in time.=But for his help, .= Had it not been for his help, we couldnt have finished our work.5）句子主語太長或強調表語e.g. 1.Present at the party w