小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn),時(shí)態(tài)與疑問(wèn)句,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 動(dòng)詞形式： 動(dòng)詞用原形，但是如果主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)，動(dòng)詞也要跟著用單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)的形式。動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)形式一般是在動(dòng)詞后加s 什么是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)？ 首先是單數(shù)，然后是指除了你，和我以外的所有的名詞，或代詞 可能出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間：always, often, usually, sometimes, everyday, everyweek,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去式： 動(dòng)詞形式：一般會(huì)在動(dòng)詞后加ed, 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 is was, are- were , buy-bought, read-read, take-took, flyflew,

2、havehad, dodid gowent, swimswam, run-ran 體現(xiàn)過(guò)去式的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) yesterday, last week, last month, last year, ago, this morning,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),動(dòng)詞的形式： 分詞形式，ing形式，也就是在動(dòng)詞后直接加ing,用在句子中的時(shí)候，與be搭配使用，即：be doing. 經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間是：now 有時(shí)候，也會(huì)在句子開(kāi)頭出現(xiàn)look， listen,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí),動(dòng)詞形式： be going to +動(dòng)詞原型 其中，be跟著主語(yǔ)來(lái)變化使用am , is , are 一般情況下的時(shí)

3、間狀語(yǔ)： tomorrow, next year, next week, next Sunday, next+時(shí)間，after (時(shí)間上的之后），soon,如何將陳述句改為一般疑問(wèn)句,一、看句子里是否有be動(dòng)詞， am , is, are, 如果有be動(dòng)詞提前，句號(hào)改問(wèn)號(hào)。但是要注意，如果主語(yǔ)是I,或we, 變成一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要改為you. 二、看句子里是否有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can , may , must, 如果有，把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前，句號(hào)改問(wèn)號(hào)。但是要注意，如果主語(yǔ)是I,或we, 變成一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要改為you. 三，如果既沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞，也沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那么在句子前加do, 或does,叫做助動(dòng)詞。

4、主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)加does,其他加do 如果是過(guò)去式，那么助動(dòng)詞也要跟著用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去式did 注意：一般疑問(wèn)句做回答時(shí)，主語(yǔ)要改為人稱(chēng)代詞：I, we,you, he, she ,it ,they.,改一般疑問(wèn)句練習(xí),1. It is a lovely dog. 2. She is a lovely girl. 3. He is his father. 4. They are Lilys cousins. 5. We are classmates. 6. I am a doctor.,改為一般疑問(wèn)句,7. There is a bird in the tree. 8. There are m

5、any stars in the sky. 9. They are good friends. 10. I love my parents. 11. I play computer games every night. 12. There are many books on the shelf.,13. We have a pleasant home. 14. We like to climb the mountain. 15. He goes to church on Sunday. 16. They walk to school every morning. 17. He can fly

6、kites in the park. 18. They are playing the football in the gym.,19. It is a beautiful park. 20. It is a big map. 21. I can swim.,陳述句改為否定句,一、看句子里是否有be動(dòng)詞， am , is, are, 如果有be動(dòng)詞，那么直接在be動(dòng)詞后加not就可以,過(guò)去式也適用。 二、看句子里是否有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can , may , must, 如果有，那么直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not. 注意，如果情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是must ,則改為need以后再加not. 三，如果既沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞，也沒(méi)

7、有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那么在主語(yǔ)后加do not, 或does not. 主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)加does not,原來(lái)句子里的動(dòng)詞單數(shù)第三形式改為原形。如果是過(guò)去式，那么助動(dòng)詞也要跟著用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去式did not,句子里以前的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式改為原形。 四，祈使句改為否定句，直接在句首加dont,選擇疑問(wèn)句,英語(yǔ)中的選擇疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)很簡(jiǎn)單，就是先把一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)寫(xiě)出，然后在其后加上“or + 選擇部分”即可，當(dāng)然其標(biāo)點(diǎn)也是問(wèn)號(hào)。 如：Are you a student? （一般疑問(wèn)句）你是個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？ 變成：Are you a student or a teacher? （選擇疑問(wèn)句）你是學(xué)生還是老師？ 再如：Do

8、 you like playing soccer or basketball? 你喜歡踢足球還是打籃球？ Can you speak English or Chinese? 你會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)還是漢語(yǔ)？ 選擇疑問(wèn)句的回答不同于一般疑問(wèn)句，不能用yes/no來(lái)回答，而必須選擇選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行回答。 如：Have you ever been to Beijing or Shanghai? I have been to Shanghai.,特殊疑問(wèn)句,就劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn) 步驟 先改為一般疑問(wèn)句 找出合適的疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線(xiàn)部分 把疑問(wèn)詞放在句子最前邊 去掉劃線(xiàn)部分，句號(hào)改問(wèn)號(hào)。 *如果是how many 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，記得

9、在后邊跟上所問(wèn)的名詞復(fù)數(shù), whoes開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句也在后邊跟上所提問(wèn)的名詞。（單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)與原問(wèn)句一致）,常用疑問(wèn)詞,常用疑問(wèn)詞,特殊疑問(wèn)句練習(xí),They bought a new bike yesterday. She is my teacher. I am looking for my sister I get up at six I went to school late because I got up late.,特殊疑問(wèn)句練習(xí),My bag is red . They are five yuan He often has lunch in the factory My father g

10、oes to work by car. I have three new books.,選擇,( ) 1. Excuse me _ is the nearest bookshop ? Go down the street and turn left at the second corner. A. how B. what C. where D. who ( ) 2. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often ( ) 3. _ a

11、re you going? Im going to the library. A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where ( ) 4. Its a nice car. _ have you been in it? Just to Shanghai. A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far ( ) 5. _? Its eight. A. What day is it B. Whats five and three C. How old are you D. Whats your telephone number,選擇,(

12、 ) 6. _? Ive got a headache and a cough. A. Whats your trouble B. Whats wrong with it C. Can I help you D. How are you ( ) 7. _ tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which ( ) 8. _ shall we meet in the park? What about half past eight? A. What B. When C. Where D., Which ( ) 9. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times ( )10. _? The one behind the tree. A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Which girl D. Wheres the girl,特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答,閱讀理解中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)按短文內(nèi)容回