英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ)

時(shí)Tense人稱Person數(shù)Number體Aspect態(tài)Voice帶to不定式To-infinitive不帶to不定式BareInfinitive邊際情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞MarginalModelAuxiliary排比結(jié)構(gòu)ParallelConstruction復(fù)雜介詞ComplexPreposition深層結(jié)構(gòu)DeepStructure動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞DynamicAdjective靜態(tài)形容詞StativeAdjective-ing分詞–INGParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞PresentParticiple動(dòng)名詞Gerund邏輯主語(yǔ)LogicalSubject-ed分詞-EDParticiple過(guò)去分詞PastParticiple前置修飾語(yǔ)Premodifier主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)SubjectComplement賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)ObjectComplement懸垂分詞DanglingParticiple無(wú)依著法則UnattachedParticiple單詞形容詞One-wordAdjective復(fù)合形容詞CompoundAdjective中心形容詞CentralAdjective外圍形容詞PeripheralAdjective使役形容詞CausativeAdjective等級(jí)形容詞GradableAdjective非等級(jí)形容詞Non-gradableAdjective狀語(yǔ)Adverbial連接副詞ConjunctiveAdverb簡(jiǎn)單副詞SimpleAdverb派生副詞DerivativeAdverb方式副詞AdverbofManner程度副詞AdverbofDegree時(shí)間副詞AdverbofTime頻度副詞AdverbofFrequency地點(diǎn)副詞AdverbofPlace連接副詞ConjunctiveAdverb解說(shuō)副詞ExplanatoryAdverb修飾性狀語(yǔ)Adjunct評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)Disjunct連接性狀語(yǔ)Conjunct可等級(jí)的Gradable原級(jí)positive/absolutedegree比較級(jí)comparativedegree最高級(jí)superlativedegree綜合形式syntheticform比較結(jié)構(gòu)comparativeconstruction調(diào)核nucleus可等級(jí)名詞gradablenoun分析性語(yǔ)言analyticlanguage簡(jiǎn)單介詞simplepreposition復(fù)雜介詞complexpreposition雙詞介詞two-wordpreposition三詞介詞three-wordpreposition四詞介詞four-wordpreposition陳述句statement/declarativesentence疑問(wèn)句question祈使句command感嘆句exclamation強(qiáng)調(diào)句emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)附加結(jié)構(gòu)reinforcementtag雙重否定doublenegative修辭疑問(wèn)句rhetoricalquestion操作詞operator局部否定partialnegation疑問(wèn)句question/interrogativesentence一般疑問(wèn)句generalquestion特殊疑問(wèn)句specialquestion選擇疑問(wèn)句alternativequestion附加疑問(wèn)句tagquestion是非問(wèn)句yes-noquestion非肯定句non-assertiveword肯定詞assertiveword“wh-問(wèn)句”wh-question附加問(wèn)句questiontag祈使句command/imperativesentence動(dòng)詞祈使句imperativesentence感嘆詞exclamation/exclamatorysentence存在句existentialsentence實(shí)義主語(yǔ)notionalsubject真主語(yǔ)realsubject36講修飾修飾modification前置修飾語(yǔ)premodifier后置修飾語(yǔ)postmodifier補(bǔ)足成分complementation限定性修飾語(yǔ)RestrictiveModifier非限定性修飾語(yǔ)Non-restrictiveModifier對(duì)比含義ContrastiveMeaning分隔修飾DiscontinuousModification句尾中心EndWeight同位語(yǔ)appositive限定性同位語(yǔ)RestrictiveAppositive非限定性同位語(yǔ)Non-restrictiveAppositive狀語(yǔ)Adverbial修飾性狀語(yǔ)&結(jié)合性狀語(yǔ)Adjunct評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)&分離性狀語(yǔ)Disjunct連接性狀語(yǔ)Conjunct37講替代替代Substitition替代詞Substitute名詞性替代NominalSubstitition動(dòng)詞性替代VerbalSubstitition分句性替代ClausalSubstitition名詞替代詞NominalSubstitute動(dòng)詞替代詞 VerbalSubstitute 分句替代詞 ClausalSubstitute動(dòng)詞替代詞&代動(dòng)詞Pro-verb38講省略省略Ellipsis情境省略SituationalEllipsis39講后置、前置、倒裝詞序WordOrder正常詞序NormalOrder自然次序NaturalOrder后置Postponement句尾焦點(diǎn)EndFocus句尾重心EndWeight傳遞信息的單位InformationUnit舊信息OldInformation已知信息Given/KnownInformation新信息NewInformation信息焦點(diǎn)InformationFocus前置Fronting倒裝Inversion40講從句到篇語(yǔ)篇Text粘著性Cohesion連貫性Coherence（句子的）交際功能CommunicativeFunction正確性Correctness適合性Appropriacy新信息thestorm已知信息thecrops過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)TransitionalWords/Phrases邏輯紐帶LogicalConnectors語(yǔ)法紐帶GrammaticalConnectors詞匯紐帶LexicalConnectors照應(yīng)Reference人稱照應(yīng)PersonalReference指示照應(yīng)DemonstrativeReference后照應(yīng)AnaphoricReference比較照應(yīng)ComparativeReference平行結(jié)構(gòu)ParallelConstruction累贅Redundancy關(guān)鍵詞keyword同義詞Synonym近義詞Near-synonym語(yǔ)段SentenceGroup統(tǒng)一性Unity單語(yǔ)段語(yǔ)篇Single-Sentence-GroupText多語(yǔ)段語(yǔ)篇Multi-Sentence-GroupText主題句TopicSentence主題語(yǔ)段TopicSentenceGroup輔助句SupportingSentence輔助語(yǔ)段SupportingSentenceGroup語(yǔ)篇修辭TextualRhetoric層進(jìn)法Climax偏斜修飾語(yǔ)SquintingModifier從屬Subordination從屬結(jié)構(gòu)SubordinateConstruction限定從屬分句FiniteSubordinateClause從屬連詞Subordinator簡(jiǎn)單從屬連詞SimpleSubordinator關(guān)聯(lián)從屬連詞CorrelativeSubordinator復(fù)雜從屬連詞ComplexSubordinator邊際從屬連詞MarginalSubordinator非限定分句Non-finiteClause無(wú)動(dòng)詞分句VerblessClause關(guān)系分句RelativeClause關(guān)系詞RelativeWord定語(yǔ)從句AttributiveClause限制性關(guān)系分句RestrictiveRelativeClause非限制性關(guān)系分句Non-restrictiveRelativeClause關(guān)系代詞RelativePronoun關(guān)系副詞RelativeAdverb關(guān)系限定詞RelativeDeterminer不定式分句InfinitiveClause雙重關(guān)系分句DoubleRelativeClause嵌入式關(guān)系分句EmbedRelativeClause-ing分詞分句–ingParticipleClause-ed分詞分句–edParticipleClause時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofTime原因狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofCause地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofPlace方式狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofManner結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofResult目的狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofPurpose條件狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofCondition讓步狀語(yǔ)分句AdverbialClauseofConcession同時(shí)性SameTime先時(shí)性EarlierTime后時(shí)性LaterTime并列連詞Quasi-coordinator獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)AbsoluteConstruction語(yǔ)域Register語(yǔ)體Style條件句Conditional真實(shí)條件句RealConditional基本形式BasicForm變體形式VariantForm替換形式AlternativeForm非真實(shí)條件句UnrealConditional直接引語(yǔ)DirectSpeech間接引語(yǔ)IndirectSpeech引述動(dòng)詞ReportingVerb地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)locativeadverbial時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)temporaladverbial非指代性itnon-referring“it