專題04押閱讀理解議論文-2022年中考英語臨考題號押題

押通用版閱讀理解議論文（2021·甘肅甘南·中考真題）Allovertheworld,thousandsofanimalsareusedforwildlifetourism.Peopletraveltowatchmonkeyshows,hugbabytigersandswimwithdolphins.Itmightlooklikefun,buttherearereportsthatanimalsarehurtnowandagain.TheWorldAnimalProtection(WAP)saysthatupto550,000wildanimalsareexposed(暴露)toilltreatmentaroundtheworld;inCambodia,forexample,it’sbeenreportedthatelephantshavediedaftercarryingtouristsforlonginhotweather.Thisisgettingattention—over100travelpanieshavepromisedthattheywillnolongeropenupsuchplaces.However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn’talwaysasbadasitseems.Sowhatdoyouthink?GroupYesGroupNo●Animalsweren’tputonthisplanetforenjoyment.Theyshouldbefreetoliveastheychoose.●Thewayanimalsaretreatedisoftencruelandcausesmuchpain.Eveniftreatedwell,theycannotactinthesamewayastheywouldinthewild.●Wedon’tneedwildlifetourism.WecanseeanimalscloseupintheirnaturalhomeinTVprograms.There’snoneedtodisturb(打擾)theminreallife.●Itisenjoyableandeducationalforpeopletomunicatewiththewonderfulanimals.Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.●Wildlifetourismbringsmoneytopoorareaandmaybetheonlywayforsomepeopletomakealiving.●Notallanimalsaretreatedbadly.Someendangeredanimalsareundertheprotectionofprogramsthatlookafterrarespecies(有物種).1．HowmanywildanimalsarefacingbadtreatmentaccordingtotheWAP?A．About55,000. B．About500,000. C．About550,000.2．Theunderlinedwords“suchplaces”areplacesfor________.A．foreigntravelers B．wildlifetourism C．wildlifeprotection3．Whatopiniondothetwogroupshaveinmon?A．Wildlifeshouldbeprotected.B．Animalscanlivewherevertheylike.C．Animaltourismsupportspoorpeople.4．GroupYessuggeststhatpeopleshouldnotdisturbanimals________.A．inCambodia B．intravelpanies C．inreallife5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Waysofprotectingrarespecies.B．Differentopinionsonwildlifetourism.C．Howtobringtouristenjoyment.【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．C5．B【解析】本文通過介紹野生動物旅游業(yè)給野生動物帶來的不好的影響，進而引出了針對是否發(fā)展野生動物旅游業(yè)這一問題的兩種不同觀點。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheWorldAnimalProtection(WAP)saysthatupto550,000wildanimalsareexposed(暴露)toilltreatmentaroundtheworld;”可知，世界各地多達55萬只野生動物被虐待，故選C。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn’talwaysasbadasitseems.”可知，劃線詞suchplaces是指句中“動物旅游地”，故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Animalsweren’tputonthisplanetforenjoyment.Theyshouldbefreetoliveastheychoose.”和“Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.”可知，雙方都贊成要保護野生動物，故選A。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“There’snoneedtodisturb(打擾)theminreallife.”可知，贊成組建議人們不要在真實的生活中打擾動物。故選C。5．主旨大意題。通讀文章可知，文章主要針對“是否要發(fā)展動物旅游業(yè)”展開討論，分為贊成組和反對組，B項“關于動物旅游業(yè)的不同觀點”符合標題。故選B。議論文往往有觀點，有事實，邏輯性強，命題往往從事實的有關細節(jié)及文章的主旨或作者的表達意圖等方面著手，考查我們的思維能力和判斷能力。所以考生要培養(yǎng)根據(jù)上下文猜詞的能力，或者說根據(jù)情境能揣測作者的意圖。議論文的閱讀同其他體裁文章的閱讀理解一樣，可以有主旨大意、細節(jié)理解、推理判斷、詞義猜測等幾種出題方式。一、重視文章標題，找準全文主題句，把握文章主旨標題往往是全文的主題，審視標題，有利于理解全文，提高解題效率。主題句對全文起提示、啟迪、概括、歸納之作用。根據(jù)主題句既可以知道文章議論的是什么，也可以知道作者希望讀者了解主題方面的哪些內(nèi)容。通常主題句會出現(xiàn)在文章的首句或句末，在這些地方要多留意表示歸納的詞匯，也可以在具體事例之后或之前的表示觀點的陳述句中尋找。二、細讀文章，注意文章細節(jié)理解除主旨題外，細節(jié)理解題也是閱讀理解題中的基礎題，它主要考查學生對文中的具體事例、數(shù)字、時間、地點等的理解。經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)排序題(按事情發(fā)展順序排序)，圖表題(按文章內(nèi)容找出正確圖形)，正誤題(依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容對所列的陳述進行正誤判斷)。對這種題型，無論細節(jié)題如何變化形式，立足點都應是從文章中找出相應詞句作為依據(jù)。三、理解整體語篇，掌握作者意圖做推理判斷題要求考生在閱讀理解整體語篇的同時，對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，站在作者的視角，而不是主觀臆斷、憑空想象，從而走入誤區(qū)。英語文章講究使用主題段與主題句，段與段之間通常有過渡性詞語連接，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫。有時文章還會在時間順序、空間順序或邏輯推理上運用較高級的手段進行組編。要想準確、深刻地理解文章，必須對文章的結構有所了解，把握全篇的文脈，即句內(nèi)、句間和段落間的修辭手段或邏輯關系。四、多讀多背，擴大詞匯量，掌握猜詞技巧由于當今的閱讀文章題材廣泛，體裁多樣，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一詞多義，甚至出現(xiàn)沒學過的詞匯。許多學生感到困擾很大，有的甚至煩躁得難以堅持閱讀下去。要解決閱讀中的生詞問題，一是要擴大英語詞匯量，二是要學習并掌握一些猜測生詞詞義的方法?？傊?，想要提高閱讀能力，尤其是對考生來說難度較大的議論文閱讀，學生應能從篇章和試題雙方面入手。通過觀察、體驗、探究等積極主動的學習方法，優(yōu)化閱讀理解中議論文的解題思路和方法策略，提高學生自主學習的能力。一、（2022·江西贛州·一模）Thetwentiethcenturysawgreaterchangesthananycenturybefore:changesforthebetter,changesfortheworse,changesthatbroughtalotofbenefits(好處）tohumanbeings,changesthatputmanindanger.Manythingscausedthechanges,but,inmyopinion,themostimportantwastheprogressinscience.Scientificresearchinphysicsandbiologyhasvastlybroadenedourviews.Ithasgivenusadeeperknowledgeofthestructureofmatterandoftheuniverse;ithasbroughtusabetterunderstandingofthenatureoflifeandofitscontinuousdevelopment.Technologyintheapplication(應用）ofsciencehasmadebigadvancesthathavebenefitedusinnearlyeverypartoflife.Thecontinuationofsuchactivitiesinthetwentyfirstcenturywillresultinevengreateradvantagestohumanbeings:inpurescience—awideranddeeperknowledgeinallfieldsoflearning;inappliedscience—amorereasonablesharingofmaterialbenefits,andbetterprotectionoftheenvironment.Sadly,however,thereisanothersidetothepicture.Thecreativityofsciencehasbeenemployedindoingdamagetomankind.Theapplicationofscienceandtechnologytothedevelopmentandproductionofweaponsofmassdestruction(大規(guī)模殺傷武器）hascreatedarealdangertothecontinuedexistence(存在）ofthehumanraceonthisplanet.Wehaveseenthishappeninthecaseofnuclearweapons(核武器).AlthoughtheiractualusehassofaroccurredonlyintheSecondWorldWar,thenumberofnuclearweaponsthatwereproducedandmadereadyforusewassolargethatiftheweaponshadactuallybeenused,theresultcouldhavebeentheruinofthehumanrace,aswellasofmanykindsofanimals.WilliamShakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(紗線）,goodandilltogether.”TheabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivitiesscienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaid.Butdoesithavetobeso?Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood?Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar?1．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．2．Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph?A．AgreatmanynuclearweaponswereactuallyusedforwarB．AlargenumberofnuclearweaponsshouldhavebeenusedforwarC．TheauthorisdoubtfulabouttheruinofhumanbeingsbynuclearweaponsD．Theauthorisanxiousaboutthehugenumberofnuclearweaponsontheearth3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mingled”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Simple B．Mixed C．Sad D．Happy4．Whatistheauthormostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite?A．FurtherapplicationofsciencetowarB．MorereadingofWilliamShakespeareC．ProperuseofscienceinthenewcenturyD．Effectivewaystoseparatethegoodfromtheill【答案】1．A2．D3．B4．C【解析】本文是一篇議論文，點評了科技發(fā)展對人類社會的影響，有好有壞，也告訴人們應該怎樣做才能保衛(wèi)好地球。1．篇章結構題。第一段是本文“科技帶來變化”的主題；第五段是對整篇文章的總結；第二、三兩段講好的一方面；第四段講述壞的一方面，所以全文是如選項A所示的結構。故選A。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“...theresultcouldhavebeentheruinofthehumanrace,aswellasofmanykindsofanimals.”，可以看出作者認為大量核武器的生產(chǎn)和準備投入使用將會給人類和地球上很多動物帶來滅頂之災，作者對此感到擔憂。故選D。3．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“WilliamShakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(紗線）,goodandilltogether.””可知，好和壞在一起，則說明是一種混合線交織而成的。此處mingled的意思應該與mixed相同，意為“混合的、混雜的”。故選B。4．推理判斷題。通過文章結尾的三個反問句可以看出作者在此問題上的觀點，即如果人們正確的運用科學，它只會給人類帶來好處，不一定會帶來害處。據(jù)此，接下來作者必然圍繞如何正確運用科學這一話題來展開，故選C。二、（2022·安徽·馬鞍山二中實驗學校模擬預測）Eveninearlytimes,peoplecouldrealizetheimportanceofdreamsandknewthatdreamsgavemeaningtolife.Everygreatachievementhasbeentheresultofyearsofdreaming.Ifapersonhasadreamandholdsfasttoit,heorshewillfindawaytomakeitetrue.Childrendonothavemuchexperienceorknowledge.However,theyarenaturaldreamers.Weshouldnotlaughatthemforbeingtheirnaive.Withtheirrichimagination,theywilleupwithfantasticdreams.Historyisfullofexamples.Manygreatmenweredreamerswhentheywerechildren.OnesuchdreamerwasThomasEdison.Heusedtobeostracized（排斥）whenhewasinprimaryschoolTeenagersandyoungpeopleshouldalsobeencouragedtodream.Theworldisfullofsuccessfulteenagersandyoungpeople.Theydreamtbigandtheirdreamschangedtheirlivesandeventheworld.SteveJobsandBillGatesaregoodexamples.Theyhavedevelopedtechnologyandbroughtgreatprogresstohumansbesidesmakingmoneyforthemselves.Olderpeopleshouldbelievethatitisnevertoolatetodreamandthathumanmindisnevertoooldtomakedreamsturnintoreality.ColonelSandersrealizedhisdreamsattheageof67andsetupthebiggestfriedchickenpany(KFC)intheworld.Todreamisawonderfulabilitywhichcanleadtowonderfulresults.Olympicrecordswerebrokenbyplayerswhowerebraveenoughtodream.Nooneistooyoungortoooldtodreamandtomakedreamsetrue.5．Peoplewho________couldprobablyrealizetheirdreams.A．findawaytodream B．getthemeaningoflife C．dreamandholdfasttothemD．haveverygoodschoolresults6．Theunderlinedword"naive"inthepassagemeans“________”inChinese.A．逆反的 B．幼稚的 C．調(diào)皮的 D．沖動的7．WhatdoestheexampleofColonelSandersshowus?A．Settingupabigpanyisawonderfulability.B．Developingtechnologycanbringgreatprogress.C．Evenolderpeoplecanmaketheirdreamsetrue.D．Peopleshouldbebraveenoughtodreamwhentheyareyoung.【答案】5．C6．B7．C【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了我們都應該有夢想，只要我們有夢想，并且堅持自己的夢想，我們的夢想就會實現(xiàn)。作者在文章中給我們舉了一些例子，不管是孩子、青少年、年輕人，還是老人，都可以實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifapersonhasadreamandholdsfasttoit,heorshewillfindawaytomakeitetrue.”可知，如果一個人有一個夢想并且堅持它,他或她會找到一個方法使它成真。故選C。6．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Withtheirrichimagination,theywilleupwithfantasticdreams.”可知，憑借他們豐富的想象力，他們會產(chǎn)生奇妙的夢想。故這些人的想法是有些幼稚天真的，故選B。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Olderpeopleshouldbelievethatitisnevertoolatetodreamandthathumanmindisnevertoooldtomakedreamsturnintoreality.”可知，舉出肯德基創(chuàng)始人的例子，是為了說明老年人應該相信多老實現(xiàn)夢想都不嫌晚。故選C。三、（2022·北京·101中學模擬預測）AcharacterinoneofShakespeare’splaysoncesaid,“Someareborngreat,someachievegreatness,andsomehavegreatnessthrustuponthem.”Anyofthesecouldapplytothemoderndaysportsmen.Manystillargueaboutthenatureoftalent.Someclaimthatpeopleareborntobesportsmen,whileotherssayitisonlythroughdevotionandhardworkthattheyachievetheirabilities.Arguablythough,itisnotuntiltheirtalentsarerecognizedbythepublicthattheytrulyhavegreatnessfallenuponthem.Withthisacknowledgementoftheir“greatness”eallthetrappingsofmoderndaycelebrity:money,power,influenceandresponsibility.Forbetterorforworse,likeitorhateit,modernsportsmenaretherolemodelsofchildreneverywhere.Thesechildrenwillgrowupadmiringtheirheroes,devotingtheirlivestocopyingtheireverymove,andwantingabovealltobelikethem.Duetothisfascination,particularlywiththegreatinfluenceofthemedia,itismoreimportantthaneverforthesesportsmentoshouldertheirresponsibility.Inthepastfewmonthsalone,therehavebeenmanyexamplesofquestionablebehaviorsfromsportsicons.Sportstarsofthepresentdayareoftenmirroringtheveryworstaspectsofsociety,afactthattheselfrighteous(自以為是的)angerofthemodernpresshasbeenquicktopointout.Itwouldbewrongforustoexpectsportsmentobesaints.Itwouldalsobewrongforustothinkthattheirbehaviorisclearlydifferentfromthesportsmentheygrewupwatching,butwiththeallseeingeyeofmodernmedia,itisadifferentworld,anddifferentstandardsmustbeexpected.Ofcourse,thereisnodutyforsportsmentobegoodrolemodels.Therearenoprisonsentences,nofines,nomunityservice—unlesstheirbehaviorsareillegal.Unlesstheybreakthelaw,itisentirelyuptothemastowhetherornottheythinktheirbehaviorisproper.Furthermore,measuringthetrueinfluencetheirdecisionshaveontheirfollowersisabsolutelyimpossible.Somewillriseagainsttheiridols,seeingtheminanewlightandnotacceptingtheiractions.Othersmaycopytheirheroes’actions,usingthemasashieldwhenaccusedof(控告)thesamecrimes.Itisundeniablethattheactionsofsportsmenwillinfluencethelivesofthosewhoworshipthem.Moderndaysportsmenarealmostidealsoftoday’sworld,andtheiractionsarewatchedcarefullybymillionsallovertheworld.Somemayplainagainstit,denyingtheirinfluenceonthesechildren’slives.Othersmaybeawareofitbutnotrespectit,whilemanymaybothbeawareofitandrespectit.Inaword,youdonotchoosewhetheryouarearolemodel.Allyoucandoistodecidehowtoactwhengreatnessisthrustuponyou.8．InParagraph1,theauthortriestostress________.A．thecorecharacteristictobeegreatsportsmennowadaysB．sportsmenbeegreatwhentheirgiftsarerecognizedbypeopleC．differentwaysforsportsmentoachievesuccessandgreatnessD．sportsmenachievegreatnessthroughtheirdevotionandefforts9．AccordingtoParagraph4,wecanlearnthat________.A．rolemodelsusuallyhavepositiveinfluenceontheirfansB．sportsmenhavetherighttobehavefreelywithinthelawC．a(chǎn)llthefanswillfollowtheirheroes’actionsD．nodutyisgiventosportsmen10．Theunderlinedphrase“thrustupon”mostprobablymeans________.A．forcedon B．removedfrom C．relatedto D．pulledoff11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvisethemediatochoosepropereventstoreport.B．Toinformthepublicthatsportsmenarenorolemodels.C．Toarguethatsportsmenshouldnotbeexpectedasheroes.D．Toremindthesportsmenoftheirsocialresponsibilities.【答案】8．B9．B10．A11．D【解析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹很多有名的運動員成為孩子的偶像，他們的言行對崇拜他們的人有很大影響，因此應注意自身的言行，履行社會責任。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Arguablythough,itisnotuntiltheirtalentsarerecognizedbythepublicthattheytrulyhavegreatnessfallenuponthem.”可知，直到他們的才能被公眾認可，他們才真正擁有偉大。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ofcourse,thereisnodutyforsportsmentobegoodrolemodels.Therearenoprisonsentences,nofines,nomunityservice—unlesstheirbehaviorsareillegal.”可知，運動員沒有義務成為好榜樣，沒有監(jiān)禁、沒有罰款、沒有社區(qū)服務，除非他們的行為是違法的。所以推測出運動員有在法律范圍內(nèi)自由行動的權利，故選B。10．詞句猜測題。分析“Inaword,youdonotchoosewhetheryouarearolemodel.”可知，你不能選擇你是否成為一個榜樣。結合“Allyoucandoistodecidehowtoactwhengreatnessisthrustuponyou.”可知，你所能做的就是決定當你被強加偉大時該如何行動。此處thrustupon的意思是“強加于”，故選A。11．寫作意圖題。本文介紹很多有名的運動員成為孩子的偶像，他們的言行對崇拜他們的人有很大影響，因此應注意自身的言行，履行社會責任。故選D。四、（2022·河北石家莊·一模）Supposethatyouhavesomefreetimetokill.Thereisanenjoyableshortvideotowatchandaninteresting1,000wordarticletoread.Youcanonlychooseoneofthetwo.Whichonewillyoupick?Perhapsthevideowillbeyourchoice.Overthepastfewyears,watchingvideosonlinehasbeeapartofmanypeople’sdailylives.Thenumberofpeoplewhoreadlongarticlespatientlyhasbeencutdown.Somepeoplefearthatvideoswillonedaytaketheplaceoftext.Butinmyopinion,thisisn’tgoingtohappen.Videoscaninfacthelpuslearnnewinformationmorequickly.However,cantheyhelpusfullylearnabouttheancientworld?Manyhistoricalstorieswererecordedusingonlytexts.Onlythroughthereadingofthesetextscanwetrulyandfullylearnaboutwhathappenedduringtheancientworldandtheknowledgepeoplehadgot.Shortvideosareatypeof“instantculture”.Theyeintoandleaveourmindslikeflyingcars.Often,wecan’thelplookingforthesecondvideoatonceafterwe’vefinishedwatchingone.Butcanwealwaysrememberandunderstandthecontents(內(nèi)容)ofthesevideos?Whenwereadalongarticlepatiently,weoftenpaycloseattentiontothecontents.What’smore,textsallowustouseourimagination,whilevideosdon’t.Inaword,videosmightchangethewaypeoplelearnabouttheworldandthewaytheymakethemselveshappy,buttextswillneverbereplaced.Textsarelikeimmortal(不朽的)starswhichshinefromthepasttothefuture.12．Whydoesthewriterthinkpeoplewillchoosetowatchashortvideo?A．The1,000wordarticleisnotinterestingatall.B．Watchingvideostakesuptoomuchtime.C．Fewerpeoplecanpatientlyreadlongarticles.D．Videoshavetakentheplaceoftexts.13．Howcanpeoplefullylearnabouttheancientworldaccordingtothewriter?A．Byreadingtexts. B．Byusingimagination.C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bytalkingwitholdpeople.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“instant”mean?A．Slow. B．Quick. C．Small. D．Big.15．Whatisthewritertryingtodointhepassage?A．Togiveadvice. B．Toaskforhelp.C．Toexpressfeelings. D．Toshowideas.16．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．TextsWillNeverBeReplaced B．Texts—aWaytoLearnaboutPastC．VideosAreEnjoyableandPopular D．Videos—theBesttoKillFreeTime【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．D16．A【解析】本文是一篇議論文。作者認為文本閱讀不會被短視頻所取代，一是因為文本閱讀可以讓我們更好地了解有關古代的事物，二是因為文本閱讀會讓我們更關注閱讀的內(nèi)容，除此之外，文本閱讀還會激發(fā)我們的想象力。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thenumberofpeoplewhoreadlongarticlespatientlyhasbeencutdown.”可知那些能耐著性子看長篇文章的讀者數(shù)量銳減，這是作者對認為人們會選擇看短視頻作出的解釋。故選C。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句“Onlythroughthereadingofthesetextscanwetrulyandfullylearnaboutwhathappenedduringtheancientworldandtheknowledgepeoplehadgot.”可知作者認為只有通過閱讀這些文本，我們才能真正全面地了解古代世界發(fā)生的事情和人們所獲得的知識。故選A。14．猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Theyeintoandleaveourmindslikeflyingcars.”可知短視頻就像飛馳的汽車，快速地進入我們的生活，又快速地離開，由此可見，這是一種“速食文化”。說明instant在此表示與“快速”相關的意思。故選B。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的篇章結構可知，第一、二段作者就短視頻是否會取代文本閱讀這一問題給出了否定的回答。第三、四段則分點對這一觀點進行論述。第五段再次強調(diào)文本閱讀終將不會被取代。由此可見，作者的寫作目的就是為了表達看法或觀點。故選D。16．最佳標題題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后兩句“Somepeoplefearthatvideoswillonedaytaketheplaceoftext.Butinmyopinion,thisisn’tgoingtohappen.”可知作者就短視頻是否會取代文本閱讀這一問題表達了自己的觀點，即：文本閱讀不會被短視頻給取代。接下來的段落再分點論述支撐作者的這一觀點。在最后一段，作者再次重申主題，認為文本閱讀永遠不會被取代，所以“TextsWillNeverBeReplaced”可以作為本文最佳標題。故選A。（限時：30分鐘）一、（2021·河南許昌·二模）Pros（正方）It’sacelebrity’s(名人)jobtobeagoodrolemodelbecausepeopleusuallylookuptostars.Ifacelebritydrinksandsmokes,hisfanswillfollowhimbecausetheylookuptothecelebritysomuch.Ifacelebrity’slifestyleisinappropriateforkids,thentheirparentsshouldbemorecarefulaboutwhattheylettheirkidssee.Cons（反方）Acelebritydoesn’thavetotrytobeagoodrolemodel.Theyarefamousbecausetheyworkedhardatwhattheyloveforaliving.Theyshould,however,trytomakegoodchoicesforthemselves,nottheirfans.Lotsofstarshavetopostapology(道歉)lettersafterbeingcaughtdoingbadthings.It’sgood,butiftheonlyreasontheydoistowinbacktheirfans,it’snotgood.Ithinkeveryoneshouldtrytobeagoodrolemodel,evenifyouarenotacelebrity!Youcanstillbearolemodeltoyoursistersandbrothers,ayoungerneighbor,oranyone.ButIthinkcelebritiesshouldbeverygood,becausetheyarerolemodelsforsomanypeople!Althoughitisawonderfulthingtobeagoodrolemodel,that’snotwhatthecelebritiesmustdo.Theyarefamousbecausetheylovewhattheydoandaregoodatit.Beingarolemodelisneverinthejob.Ifthecelebritiesknowtheyareaffectingtheyoungpeople,theyshouldtryhardtosetagoodexample.Isitacelebrity’sjobtobeagoodrolemodel?根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1．WhichofthefollowingreasonsisNOTfromthepros?A．Peoplelookuptothecelebrities. B．Everyoneshouldtrytobeagoodrolemodel.C．Celebritiesgetmuchloveandsupportfromfans. D．Youshouldbeagoodexampletoothers.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inappropriate”mean?A．難以言說的 B．非同尋常的 C．不恰當?shù)?D．不痛快的3．Accordingtothecons,howdosomepeoplebeefamous?A．Byworkinghardatwhattheylove. B．Bysettingagoodexampletoothers.C．Bymakinggoodchoicesforthemselves. D．Bysupportingotherswithmoneyandlove.4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheirwords?A．Itiseasyforstarstowinbackfans.B．Starsmaysometimesdosomethingwrong.C．Familymembersshouldencouragekidstobestars.D．Peopleshouldtrytheirbesttobeefamousstars.5．Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromtheiropinions?A．Whenyoubeeacelebrity,youhavebeenagoodrolemodeltoo.B．Eventhoughacelebritymakesmistakes,youngpeopleshouldfollowhim.C．Whetheracelebrityisarolemodelornot,heshouldcareabouthisbehavior.D．Acelebrityshouldgivehismoneytothepoorkidstosupporttheirstudies.【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．B5．C【解析】本文是一篇議論文。以“成為好的榜樣是名人的職責嗎？”為話題，展開了辯論，陳述了正反兩方的觀點。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’sacelebrity’s(名人)jobtobeagoodrolemodelbecausepeopleusuallylookuptostars.”可知，人們通常仰慕名人；根據(jù)“Ithinkeveryoneshouldtrytobeagoodrolemodel”可知，每個人都應該成為一個好榜樣；并沒有提到“名人得到粉絲們的喜愛和支持。”故選C。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“thentheirparentsshouldbemorecarefulaboutwhattheylettheirkidssee.”可知，此處是說父母應該更加謹慎他們的孩子看到什么，由此可推知“inappropriate”在這里是指他們的行為是“不恰當?shù)摹?。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyarefamousbecausetheyworkedhardatwhattheyloveforaliving.”可知，此處是說他們之所以出名，是因為他們?yōu)樽约簾釔鄣氖聵I(yè)努力工作。故選A。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lotsofstarshavetopostapology(道歉)lettersafterbeingcaughtdoingbadthings.”可知，很多名人在被發(fā)現(xiàn)做了壞事后都要發(fā)道歉信。由此可知，名人也會做錯事。故選B。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)正方“Ithinkeveryoneshouldtrytobeagoodrolemodel,evenifyouarenotacelebrity!”和反方的“Althoughitisawonderfulthingtobeagoodrolemodel,that’snotwhatthecelebritiesmustdo.”以及“Ifthecelebritiesknowtheyareaffectingtheyoungpeople,theyshouldtryhardtosetagoodexample.”可知，雙方都認為名人會影響年輕人，因此他們應該樹立一個好榜樣。故選C。二、（2021·四川省綿陽南山中學雙語學校模擬預測）MaybetenyearoldElizabethputitbestwhenshesaidtoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyouaredead.”Dad,inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhissafetybelt”—amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.Thebigquestioniswhy.Therehavebeenmanymyths（荒誕的說法）aboutsafetybeltseversincetheirfirstappearanceincarssomefortyyearsago.Thefollowingarethreeofthemostmon.MythNumberOne:It’sbesttobe“thrownclear”ofaseriousaccident.Truth:Sorry,butanyaccidentseriousenoughto“throwyouclear”isalsogoingtobeseriousenoughtogiveyouaverybadlanding.Andchancesofdyingafteracaraccidentaretwentyfivetimesgreaterincaseswherepeopleare“thrownclear”.MythNumberTwo:Safetybelts“trap”peopleincarsthatareburningorgoingdowninwater.Truth:Sorryagain,butstudiesshowthatpeopleknockedunconsciousasaresultofnotwearingsafetybeltshaveagreaterchanceofdyingintheseaccidents.Peoplewearingsafetybeltsareusuallyprotectedtothepointofhavingaclearheadtofreethemselvesfromsuchdangeroussituations,nottobetrappedinthem.MythNumberThree:Safetybeltsaren’tneededatspeedsoflessthan30milesperhour.Truth:Whentwocarstravelingat30mphhiteachother,anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshield（擋風玻璃）withaforceequaltofallingheadfirstontothegroundfromaheightof10meters.6．ThereasonFatherwasinahurrytogethomewasthathe________.A．wasn’tfeelingverywellB．hatedtodriveinthedarkC．wantedtotakesomeexerciseD．didn’twanttobecaughtbythepolice7．Accordingtothetext,tobe“thrownclear”ofaseriousaccidentisverydangerousbecauseyou________.A．maybeknockeddownbyothercarsB．maygetseriouslyhurtbeingthrownoutofthecarC．mayfinditimpossibletogetawayfromtheseatD．maygetcaughtinthecardoor8．Somepeopleprefertodrivewithoutwearingasafetybeltbecausetheybelieve________.A．thebeltpreventsthemfromescapinginanaccidentB．theywillbeunabletothinkclearlyinanaccidentC．theywillbecaughtwhenhelpesD．carscatchfireeasily9．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Ifyoudon’twearasafetybelt,youwillfalldownontheground.B．Youdon’tneedtowearasafetybelt,ifthecartravelsslowly.C．Iftwocarstravelatspeedsof30milesperhour,youwillbeseriouslyinjured.D．Withoutwearingsafetybelts,youwouldgetseriouslyinjuredevenifthecarstravelslowly.10．WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A．It’smonthatAmericanpeopledon’tweartheirsafetybelts.B．Elizabeththinksherfatherisgoingtodie.C．Theauthorthinksit’sbesttobethrownclearofaseriousaccident.D．Whenacarisburning,belteddriversaremorelikelytodie.【答案】6．C7．B8．A9．D10．A【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章作者通過反駁人們對于安全帶的三個錯誤的看法，告誡人們系安全帶的重要性。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段“inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhissafetybelt…”可知他急著在天黑前趕回家以便能出去跑步，卻忘了系安全帶，所以爸爸急著回家是為了鍛煉身體。故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第五段“Andchancesofdyingafteracaraccidentaretwentyfivetimesgreaterincaseswherepeopleare‘thrownclear’.”可知在那些被“扔出去”的人群中，死于車禍的幾率要高出25倍，可推知你可能會在被扔出汽車時受到嚴重傷害。故選B。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第六段“Safetybelts‘trap’peopleincarsthatareburningorgoingdowninwater.”可知安全帶會把人困在正在燃燒或沉入水中的汽車里，所以人們認為遇到危險時他們無法逃離出去。故選A。9．判斷推理題。根據(jù)文中最后一段內(nèi)容“Whentwocarstravelingat30mphhiteachother,anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshield（擋風玻璃）withaforceequaltofallingheadfirstontothegroundfromaheightof10meters.”可知當兩輛以每小時30英里的速度行駛的汽車相撞時，其作用力相當于從10米的高度頭朝下落在地上，如果不系安全帶，你也會受重傷，所以即使行駛速度慢，沒有系安全帶也會受重傷。故選D。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段內(nèi)容“…h(huán)adforgottentowearhissafetybelt—amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.”可知75%的美國人都會忘記系安全帶，所以美國人不系安全帶很常見。故選A。三、（2021·廣東深圳·三模）Thewordcultureincludesnotonlythecustomsofoursociety,itsart,music,butalsoeverydayactivities.Manypeoplebelievetheirtraditionalwaysoflifeareunderthreat（威脅）andthatsomethingshouldbedone.Yetforsome,thelosingofcultureisanaturalresultofglobalization（全球化）andprogress.Soistheglobalizationofcultureathreatorachance?Thosewhoseeglobalizationasathreatarguethatsocietiesarelosingspecialpartsoftheircultures.Forexample,Omotik,alanguagespokeninEastAfrica,hasonly50livespeakers.TherearealsoincreasingfearsinChina,wherethelosingofmusicalanddancetraditions,aswellastraditionalcrafts,iscausingconcerntomany.SomearguethatitishardtofinddifferencesbetweenLondonandTokyo.Youngpeople,whoseideasareofteninfluencedbyWesternorotherpopularcultures,oftenrefuseorevengiveupthetraditionstheirparentsgrewupwith.Othersfocusontheadvantagesofglobalization.TheyacceptthatWesterncultureisspreading,buttheyalsopointtohowWesterncountriesandmanyotherpartsoftheworldarebeingshowntoworldcultures.YoungAmericansenjoyJapaneseicmagazinesandwatchKoreanmovies.ThaiteenagersenjoypopmusicfromHongKong.Manyarguethatthereareadvantagestothesecrossculturalexchangesandthattheyleadtobetterunderstandingsbetweencultures.Theysayworldtraditionsarecelebratedmorewidelybecauseofthese.ChineseNewYear,nowcelebratedinmostbigcitiesaroundtheworld,isjustoneofthemanyfestivalsthatareacceptedinternationally.Anyway,manylocalorganizationsandgovernmentsaretryingtoprotecttheircultures.OnesuccessfulexampleisWales.TherewasatimewhensocialpressureswerekillingofftheWelshlanguage,butafteryearsofefforts,itisnowanactivepartofWelshlifeagain.Aroundtheworld,similareffortsaregoingon.11．Whatiscausingsocietiestolosetheirspecialpartsofcultures?A．Westernculture. B．Populationgrowth.C．Globalizat