湖北省武漢市江漢區(qū)高二上學(xué)期新起點(diǎn)摸底考試英語試題（原卷版）

江漢區(qū)2022級(jí)高二新起點(diǎn)摸底考試英語試卷本試卷共12頁，全卷滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答；用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanprobablydoingnow?A.Doingbusiness.B.Havinganinterview.C.Sharinghisworkingexperience.2.WhywasBensoninthehospitalyesterday?A.Hisbabygotill.B.Helookedafterhisdaughter.C.Hewenttogethismedicine.3.Whatdidthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Tomeetherfriendwithher.B.Todothewoman’swork.C.TomeetTonyforher.4.Whydidn’tJackgetthebook?A.Hewastoobusytogotothelibrary.B.Therewasn’tsuchabookinthelibrary.C.Hedidn’twanttoborrowthebook.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.LeavetheshopB.Haveanotherdrink.C.Tastesomehotchocolate.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanbuyasherhusband’sbirthdaypresent?A.Atie.B.Ahat.C.Ashirt.7.Whydidtheassistantrefusetohelpthewoman?A.Thewomanlostthereceipt.B.Theitemhadbeenworn.C.Thewomanwasrude.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatkindofrestaurantistheLotusGarden?A.Indian.B.French.C.Chinese.9.Whereisthemannowprobably?A.InBirmingham.B.InLeeds.C.InSunderland.10.HowwillJamesgettoDurham?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybus.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdidthemanfindtheapartment?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromanewspaper.C.Fromafriend.12.Whatdoesthemanwantmost?A.Abiglivingroom.B.Abigkitchen.C.Abigbedroom.13.WhatwillthewomanprobablydothisFriday?A.Entertainsomefriends.B.Paythemanavisit.C.Rentanapartment.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WheredoesMarkusuallyreadnewsnow?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamagazine.C.OntheInternet.15Whydidthemachinesurprisethewoman?A.Ithasasmallglasswindow.B.Itcanmakeapizzainashorttime.C.Itoffersfourtypesofpizzasatatime.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemachine?A.Itisquitenecessary.B.Itmightnotbepopular.C.Itwillcertainlysucceed.17.Whatisanadvantageofthemachine?A.The24hourservice.B.Tastypizzamadebyit.C.Thelowproductioncost.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdidthespeakerdothatmorning?A.Headmiredthesunrise.B.Hecalleduphiswife.C.HewatchedTVnews.19.Wherewasthespeaker’sson?A.Inanothercountry.B.Intown.C.Inthegarden.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Hisfamilylife.B.Ahomefire.C.Anaturaldisaster.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAColorRunatSchoolWhatIsaColorRun?Theeventisusuallyafivekilometeruntimedrun.Participantsaredoused(澆涂上)fromheadtotoeinadifferentcoloredpowderateachkilometermark.ThisactivityinspiredbytheHindufestivalofHoliisperfectforpromotingmunityandhappiness.Acolorrunisafuneventperfectforschools.Itisawaytopromotehealthandactivityamongchildren.Schoolscanchoosewhethertheywanttohostacolorrunbythemselvesorhaveoneorganizedbyaneventorganizer.WhyShouldITakePartinaColorRun?Takingpartinacolorrunwillhelpyouimproveyouroverallphysicalhealth.It’sagreatwaytoburncaloriesandgetout.Youwillalsobeabletomeetnewpeople.HowtoSetUpaSchoolColorRun?TosetupaschoolColorRun,youwillfirstneedtodecidewhattimeyouwantittostart.Then,youwillneedtocontacttheprincipalatyourschool.Theywillthentellyouifthereisenoughspaceavailableatthenamedlocation.Youwillneedtoinformtheclassteachersandincludeinformationinthestudenthandbook.Next,youshouldcontacttheparents/guardiansofthestudentsattheschoolthroughamailedletteroremail.Witheverythinglistedabovepleted,youwillhaveyoureventorganizedandreadytogo!1.WhatdoweknowaboutaColorRun?A.Itseesrunnerscoveredfromheadtotoe. B.ItusedtobeapartofHoli.C.It’sdesignedforschoolsonly D.Itsetsnotimelimit.2.Whatbenefitmaykidsgetfromaschoolcolorrun?A.Betterphysicalhealth. B.Prizemoneyfromtherace.C.Friendshipwiththeprincipal. D.Tshirtswitharainbowpattern.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertise. B.Toinform. C.Toentertain. D.Tocriticize.BSmokingisevenatraditioninChinesecelebrations.Atmywedding,wehandedoutthetraditionalcandiestopeoplewhocame.Ihadsaidtomywife,Ellen,thathandingoutpacketsofcigaretteswaswrong,asitjustencouragedpeopletocontinueadeadlyhabit.“Butit’straditional,”shereplied,“Peoplewouldthinkweweremeanifwedon’t!”O(jiān)vertheyearsI’vebeengivencigarettesasgiftsandhavealwayshandedthemstraightback.ThismightmakemelookungratefulinChineseeyes,butIcan’tunderstandthelogicbehindhandingsomeoneagiftthatwillcausethemtosmellterrible,haveawfulbreath,andevenworse,killthem.ThisyeartheuniversityIworkathastakentheboldstepofmakingtheentirecampus“smokefree”.Asmystudentsareeitherdoctorsdoingpostgraduatesstudies,ormedicalstudentsontheirwaytobeingdoctors,Ithoughttheywouldbeinfavorofsuchamove,butIwaswrong.Manyofthemhaveplainedtomethattheyseethisasdeprivingthemoftheircivilrightsandthattheyshouldbeallowedtosmokewhenandwheretheylike.WhenIpointedouttothemthatcigarettesdoharmnotonlytothosesmokingthemselves,buteventothosebreathinginsecondhandsmoke,theargumentwasdismissedwithawave.“Thosestudiesaren’tconclusive”,onedoctorreplied.“Besides,mygrandmothertoldmethatsmokingismanly.”Tempting(誘人的)asitwastoaskifshewasalsoadoctor,Ilettheargumentgoandwentoffinsearchofsomefreshair.4.Whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofsmokingaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itwillleaveyoubreathless. B.Peoplebelieveyouaremean.C.Peoplethinkyouareungrateful. D.Itwillmakeyoursmellunpleasant.5.Whatattitudedomanyoftheauthor’sstudentshavetowardstheentirecampus“smokefree”?A.Objective. B.Unconcerned. C.Negative. D.Positive.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depriving”inparagraph3mean?A.Robbing. B.Accusing. C.Informing. D.Reminding.7Inwhichcolumnofanewspaperisthistextprobablyfound?A.Technology. B.Entertainment. C.Art. D.Life.CRobotsinspacewillbeextracting(提取)goldfromasteroids(小行星)withintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.PeterDiamandis,thefounderofPlanetaryResources,saidthepanyattemptstomaketheresourcesofspaceavailabletohumanity.Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.Thesewillbeusedtosearchfortherighttypeofasteroids.TheplanistousemerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.Diamandispredictsthattheycouldhavetheirversionofaspacebasedpetrolstationupandrunningby2025.Severalscientistsnotinvolvedintheprojectarguedthattheprojectwasdaring,difficultandverypricey.Theydonotseehowitcouldbecosteffective.ButthefounderofPlanetaryResourceshasatrackrecordofprofitingfromspaceexplorationbusiness.Diamandiswasthefirstpersontosellridesintospacetotourists.“Beforewestartedlaunchingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatwasaridiculousidea,”Diamandissaid.“Thisisalongtermproject.Butit’snotacharity.We’llmakemoney.”Theideathatasteroidscouldbeminedforresourceshasbeenaroundforyears.Thereareprobably1,500asteroidsthatpassnearEarththatwouldbegoodinitialtargets.Theyareatleast50meterswide,andDiamandisfigurestenpercentofthemhavewaterandothervaluableminerals.RichardBinzel,ProfessorofPlanetaryScienceattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,says,“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.Butyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveofsavingtheearthfrombeingoverexplored.”8.Whatissupposedtobethefirststepoftheproject?A.LaunchingrobotsintoEarthorbit. B.Sendingsometelescopesintospace.C.Buildingaspacebasedpetrolstation. D.Usingroboticshipstoextractrocketfuel.9.HowdidDiamandisusetomakemoneyfromspaceexplorationbusiness?A.Byextractinggoldfromasteroids. B.Byprovidingspacetravelsfortourists.C.Bybeingthefirstpersontorideintospace. D.Bysellingticketstoscetourists'ridesintospace.10.WhatdoesRichardBinzelthinkoftheproject?A.Itisrisky. B.Itisplex. C.Itisworthwhile. D.Itisdemanding.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MiningAsteroids B.HumansandAsteroidsC.SpaceExplorationinProgress D.TheProjectofExtractingMineralsDWheredogreatmusicians,greatmathematiciansandgreatsportspeoplegettheirtalent?Fordecadesnow,wehaveassumedthatmostofthemaresimplybornwithatalentthatordinarypeopledonothave.WhenbaseballlegendTedWilliamsclaimedthathisachievementhadnothingtodowithnaturalabilitybutweretheresultofpractice,practice,practice,peopleassumedthathewasmerelybeingmodest.Butscientistsnowbelievethattherewasagooddealoftruthinwhathesaid.Throughoutthelastcentury,itwasacceptedthatweinherit（繼承）manyofourcharacteristicsfromourparentsviatheirDNA,thateachofusinheritsafixedamountofintelligenceafixedIQ,andthatmostofusaretobeordinary.Butnowitisacceptedthatourgenesinteractwiththeirsurroundings,gettingturnedonandoffallthetime.“Therearenogeneticfactorsthatcanbestudiedindependentlyoftheenvironment,”explainsMichaelMeaneyofMcGillUniversity.“Andtherearenoenvironmentalfactorsthatfunctionindependentlyofourgenes.Theyworkalongsideeachother.”Howdoesthisviewoftheroleofgeneschangeourunderstandingofindividualtalentandabilities?Doesitnowmeanthatgenesdon’tmatter,andthatweallhavethepotentialtobelike,say,LionelMessiorLebronJames?Suchaclaimfliesinthefaceofreason.Thegenesweinheritclearlymatter,asdogeneticdifferencesbetweenindividuals.ButitisalsotruethatLionelMessiwouldnothavebeethesuperfootballerheis,norLebronJamesabasketballsuperstar,withoutputtinginthousandsofhoursofpractice.Theycouldhaveturnedoutentirelydifferentpeople.TalentresearcherKevinRathundeagrees.“Highacademicachieversarenotnecessarilybornmuchsmarterthanothersbutgenesdocount,”hewritesinhisbookTalentedTeenagers,“andabovealltheyusuallyworkharderanddevelopmoreselfdiscipline.”12.WhatdidTedWilliamsthinkledtohissuccess?A.Hisnaturaltalent. B.Hisfullmitment.C.Hismodestpersonality. D.Hisextraordinaryintelligence.13.Whatdidwewidelybelieveduringthe20century?A.IntelligencehaslittletodowithDNA.B.Ourgenesinteractwithourenvironment.C.Themajorityofusareofaverageintelligence.D.OurcharacterissimplydecidedbyinheritedDNA.14.Whydoestheauthormention“LionelMessi”and“LebronJames”inparagraph3?A.Toclarifyapoint. B.Toillustratearule.C.Toofferasolution. D.Tomakeaprediction.15.WhichstatementwillKevinRathundeprobablyagreewith?A.Mostofusareborntobeaveragepersons.B.Wecouldallbegeniusesifworkinghardenough.C.Genetiefactorsaremoreimportantthanhardwork.D.Greattalentisabinationofgenesandpractice.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenitestomoney,theworld’sluckiestwomanappearstobea63yearoldAmericancalledJoanGinther.Shehasmanagedtowinthejackpot(頭獎(jiǎng))fourtimes.____16____Expertssaythatthechancesofwinningthismuchareextremelysmall.Mrs.Ginther’sfirstwinwasin1993whenshewonhalfofthe$11millionfirstprizeoftheTexasLottery(彩票).Therestofhermoneyhasefromscratch(刮)cards.Youscratchthesecardstoexposeifyouhaveawinningcode.Theyareverypopular,butnotmanypeoplewhobuythemwinanything.However,Mrs.Gintherwon$2millionfromaHolidayMillionairescratchcardin2006andthenshewonanother$3millionfromaMillionsandMillionsscratchcardin2008.____17____Asaresultofthesewins,theTimesMarketinBishop,whereMrs.Gintherboughthercard,hasbeeverypopular.____18____Theshopalsoreceivescallsfrompeopletryingtopurchasescratchcardsoverthephoneeventhoughtheylivefaraway.HowevernotmuchisknownaboutMrs.Ginther.____19____Evenherneighbourshaveverylittletosayabouther.SheisnowrarelyseeninBishopbecauseshemovedawayandshenowlivesinLasVegas.SunBae,theownerofTimesMarket,remembersthatMrs.Gintherboughtanewcarforoneofthetownresidents,eventhoughsheherselfdrivesaroundinanoldcar.____20____AndsheboughthernewhomeinLasVegasandshedonatedheroldhomeinBishoptocharity.“Shehashelpedsomanypeople,”Mrs.Baesaid.A.Thattimethecardwon$10million.B.Intotal,shehaswonover$20million!C.Obviously,herprivatelifeisveryimportanttoher.D.Additionally,shealsoboughtavanforthelocalchurch.E.Sosheisperhapsasluckywithcardsaswiththelottery.F.Heransweringmachinesays,“Pleasedonotleaveamessage.”G.Thereareoftenlongqueuesoutsidetheshopandalongtheroadnearby.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ilovewildlife.Sowhenmyfriendsaidthatwehadachanceto____21____brownbearsintheHighTatras,Ididn’tthinktwiceaboutit,andwe____22____arrangementstogothefollowingweek.Thetripwasagreat___23___!Wewalkedforhoursandstayedina____24____mountainhut(小屋)whichwasusuallyreservedforparkrangers.Itactuallytookussometroubleeventolocateit.Assoonaswearrived,ourguide____25____tousthatwewouldbefullyintegrated(融入)intotheirresearchprogrammeandwouldbetrackingthe____26____ofbearswearingGPStransmitters.Onthefirstday,wewerewokenupatsunriseand,after____27____somewarmclothes,setoffintotheforest.Ourguidewalkedvery____28____andwehadtroublekeepingupwithhim.Suddenlyhe____29____acrossasmallhill.Hemusthavecaughtsightofabear.Wefollowedhimasfastaswecould,butbythetimewereachedhim,thebearhad_____30_____intothebushes.Laterintheweek,though,wedidmanagetoobserveseveralbearsfeedingonberries.Weweresoexcited.Yet,_____31_____hurryingtotakephotos,we_____32_____ourbreath,stayedabout30metersawayandjustwatchedthem.Ourguideinsistedthatweshouldkeepour_____33_____fromthebearssoasnotto_____34_____them.Observingbearsintheirnaturalhabitat(棲息地)wasreally_____35_____.Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikethatbefore.IfIhadn’thadtogobacktoschool,Iwouldhappilyhavestayedonforseveralmoreweeks.21.A.hunt B.feed C.protect D.track22A.made B.changed C.cancelled D.quit23.A.deal B.danger C.success D.regret24.A.safe B.fortable C.remote D.beautiful25.A.remended B.explained C.admitted D.reported26.A.habits B.leftovers C.photos D.movements27.A.throwingon B.tidyingup C.pavingfor D.takingoff28.A.cautiously B.rapidly C.steadily D.casually29.A.moved B.wandered C.paced D.dashed30.A.disappeared B.looked C.broken D.turned31.A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor32.A.drew B.held C.released D.caught33.A.intention B.fear C.bravery D.distance34.A.attack B.train C.disturb D.feed35.A.fascinating B.boring C.exhausting D.challenging第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Yearsago,theauthorsconductedhumanwildlifeconflictsurveysintheTibetAutonomousRegion’scounties,____36____(locate)intheTAR’sremoteChangTangregion.Thesesurveysshowed____37____previouslyundocumentedandgrowingproblemofhumansnowleopardconflict.Next,snowleopardtelephoneinterviewswereconductedwithTibetForestryBureaustaff,____38____(result)inanadditionalnewconflictandsightinglocationrecords.Thisnewlocationinformation,togetherwithrecordsprovidedbyotherobservers,____39____(collect)tomakeasnowleoparddistribution(分布)map.Thiseffortgreatlyexpandedknowledgeofthesnowleopard’sdistributioninthisregion,____40____remainsoneoftheleastunderstoodofthesnowleopard’skeyrangeareas.NewknowledgeonsnowleopardintheChangTangwillhelpidentifyhumansnowleopardconflicthotspotsandinfluencedesignofhumansnowleopardconflictreliefandconservationstrategiesfornorthwestTibet.Nevertheless,muchfieldworkwillalsoberequired____41____(describe)snowleoparddistributionintheChangTang.Importantly,inthepastfewyears,anumberofmajortransportationinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)projects____42____(make)theChangTangmoreaccessible.Thishasledtoa____43____(great)increasednumberoftouristsvisitingwesternTibet,Mt.KailashandLakeManasarovar____44____particular.Allthesedevelopmentshavealargepotentialtocausedisturbancetosnowleopardsandtheirpreyspecies,includinginfluencingtheirmovements_____45_____destroyingtheirhabitat.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你校正在舉辦主題為“文明習(xí)慣滿校園”的倡議書征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你寫一份倡議書投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出倡議的背景；2.倡議內(nèi)容與理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。LuckyTeresa,agentle,softspokenwomanofseventy,hadalwaysmanagedtoviewtheworldwithachild’ssenseofwonderment.Shegreetedthedawnofeachnewdaywiththebrightnessofthesunitselfandfoundjoyinthesmallestofthings.Onedaywhileoutcrossingtheroadinfrontofherhome,Teresahadbeeninjuredinahitandrun.Thedriverleftthewomaninseverepain,Whenthemailmanfoundherunconsciousnearlyanhourlater,herinjuredleghadbeenbleedingheavily.She’dmadeittothehospitaljustintimeandlater,thedoctorhadtoldTeresashewasluckytobealive.Returninghome,Teresadidn'tfeelsolucky.Beforetheaccident,theelderlywomanhad