高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)每日拔高練 第2練

高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)每日拔高練第2練1.Ahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasonMarswasfoundbyNASA'sMarsexplorationvehicle.ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars:NASA'sCuriosityvehiclerecentlyrecordedthelargestlevelofmethaneevermeasuredduringitsseven-yearMarsmission.Methanehasnocolororsmell.AspecialinstrumentonCuriosity'sMarsScienceLaboratoryrecordedtheincreasedgaslevel.Besidesmethane,theinstrumentcanrecordlevelsofwaterandcarbondioxide.Nearlyallthemethanegasfoundinearth'satmosphereisproducedbybiologicalactivity.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeologicalprocesses,suchasinteractionsbetweenrocksandwater.ItwasnotthefirsttimeCuriosityhasfoundmethanegasintheMartianatmosphere..Aboutayearago,NASAannouncedthatCuriosityhaddiscoveredsharpseasonalincreasesinthegas.Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast.NASAofficialseventemporarilystoppedCuriosity'sotheractivitiestoinvestigatefurther.However,Curiosity'steamcarriedoutafollow-upmethaneexperimentthatshowedasharpdropinlevelsofthegas.TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.Thescientistsarecontinuingtostudypossiblecausesforthesuddenincrease.Curiositydoesnothaveinstrumentsthatcanexactlyidentifywhetherthesourceofthemethaneisbiologicalorgeological.Oneleadingtheoryisthatmethaneisbeingreleasedfromundergroundareascreatedbypossiblelifeformsthatdisappearedlongago.EventhoughMarshasnoactivevolcanoes,scientistsbelieveitisalsopossiblethatmethaneisbeingproducedbyreactionsinvolvingcarbonmaterialsandwater.1.WhyisthediscoveryofmethanegasonMarsexciting?A.ItwasfirstfoundonMars. B.It'sevidenceoflifeexistence.C.Itcanbeusedinfurtherstudies. D.Itprovestheexistenceofwater.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemethanegasonMars?A.Itiscolorlessandsmelly.B.Itismainlycreatedbyrocksandwater.C.Itisasimportantaswaterandcarbondioxide.D.Itisproducedbybiologicalorgeological,activity.3.WhatbroughtmorepuzzlestoNASA'sscientists?ADiscoveringmethanegasseveraltimesonMars.B.Thefailureofthefollow-upmethaneexperiment.C.Havingnoexactinstrumentstoidentifymethanegas.D.SharpchangesintheamountofmethanegasonMars.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ExplorationsonMars B.MethaneLevelonMarsC.MethaneMysteryonMars D.TheSourcesofMethaneonMars2.

Ourscreensgiveoutallkindsoflight,especiallybluelight.Bluelight,theargumentgoes,canaffectyoureyehealth,yoursleepingpatters,andyourhealth.Bluelightglasses-technicallytheyshouldbecalled"bluelightblockingglasses"—filteroutbluelight,lettingintheotherwavelengthsoflight,thustheoreticallyreducingthedangerthatbluelightpresents.Bluelightglassesaredesignedtoreducewhat'sknownasdigitaleyestrain(疲勞),orDES.TherearemanysymptomsassociatedwithDES,includingheadaches,dryeyes,andunclearvision.

Howeffectivearebluelightglasses?We'llstartwiththebadnews:thereisnoevidencethatbluelightglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrainfromdigitalscreens.Infact,oneBritishglassesdealerwasactuallyfinedforindicatingthatbluelightglassescanprotectagainstDES,giventhatthere'snoscientificevidenceofthis.What'smorelikelyisthatDESiscausedbyoveruse,ormisuseofeyes.Afterall,thesunisasubstantiallymorepowerfulproviderofbluelightthanourscreens,andithasbeendecidedlyprovedthatDESisn'tassociatedwiththesunatall.ThegeneralagreementisthatDESiscausedbyspendingtoolong,staringtoohard,andsittingtooclosetoourscreens.HealthexpertsgenerallyrecommendtakingbreakstopreventDES,ratherthanrelyingonbluelightglasses.

Butthereisonethingthatbluelightglassesmighthelpwith.Somestudieshaveindicatedthatbluelightcanbebadforourcircadianrhythms(生理節(jié)奏).Inotherwords,exposuretobluelightcouldmakeithardertofallasleep.Therehaven'tbeenenoughstudiestotellifbluelightglasses,wonforafewhoursbeforebed,couldhelpyousleepbetter,butit'snotoutofthequestion.

Thatsaid,thereareinterestingreportsofpeoplelovingtheirbluelightglasses.Evenifit'sjusttheplacebo(安慰劑)effect,well,thatcanbeincrediblypowerful,andifitworksonyou,keepdoingit.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"filterout"inparagraph1mean?

A.Appearorhappengradually. B.Removesomethingparticular.

C.Bringsomethingintoexistence. D.Tellsomethingapartfromothers.

2.WhatisDESlikelycausedby?

A.Theblindingsumlight. B.Unfitandcheapglasses.

C.Improperuseofeyes. D.Allkindsofnaturalbluelight.

3.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutbluelightglasses?

A.Theymaybegoodforsleep. B.Theycanexcitepeople.

C.Theycanhelpwithnothing. D.Theyarebadforcircadianrhythms.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudelobluelightglasses?

A.Intolerant. B.Optimistic. C.Objective. D.Conservative.3.

Wildfiresareanaturaloccurrenceinforestecosystem.Tosomeextent,smallwildfirescanhelptheforestecosystemworkbetterbyburningunwantednaturalfuel,likefallenleavesandbranches.Becauseifnaturalfuelpilesupinforests,itwillsparkhot,intenseandfast-movingfires,whichbringsmorerisksoftheoutbreakofdisastrousnaturalfires.

Asresearchersstudytheperfectbalancebetweenallowingnaturalfirestoburnandpreventingthemfromthreateninghumanlife,somebelievesheepofferabetterwaytoretardthefastspreadofawildfire.CuyamaLamb,anagriculturecompany,pullsitsweight,currentlyrunningabout700sheepthatgraze(放牧)onthegrass.Workingwiththecompany,thefiredepartmentdirectsthesheeptotheareainmostneedofnaturalfuelclearance.Theirjobisonething:eat.Thespacethesheepclearcancreatea"burnbreak"thatstopsawildfireinitstrack.Thesheeparemoreefficientandcost-effectivethanusingmachinestodothesametask,andtheycangettoplacesthattechnologycan't.

Schneider,thefounderofthecompany,hopesthesheepallowCaliforniansto"haveahealthyrelationshipwithfires"inthefuture."Wearen'tgoingtosavetheworldbygrazingafewsheepuponthehillsides,butwecanworkwithothersanddosomethingfortheworld.Doingthis,Ibelievewewillhaveasustainablefuture,"shesaid.1.Howcanwildfiresbenefittheforestecosystem?

A.Theyprovidemorenaturalfuel.

B.Theycontributetothediversityofplants.

C.Theykeepabalancebetweenhumanandnature.

D.Theyavoiddisastrousfirescausedbynaturalfuel.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retard"inparagraph2mean?

A.Stimulate. B.Prevent. C.Predict. D.Distinguish.

3.Whyaresheepintroducedtothisareabythecompany?

A.Tocreateafirebreak. B.Toreplacethefirefighters.

C.Toimprovethelocalfarming. D.Tobringdowntree-plantingcost.

4.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HowtoProtecttheEcosystem B.HowtoFightAgainstWildfires

C.ABiologicalWayinFirefighting D.ASuccessfulCompanyinAgriculture

答案以及解析1.答案：1-4BDDC解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)榧淄闅怏w的存在可能支持火星上存在生命的理由)"可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮的原因是甲烷氣體的存在是生命存在的證據(jù)。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"Nearlyallthemethanegasfoundinearth'satmosphereisproducedbybiologicalactivity.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeologicalprocesses,suchasinteractionsbetweenrocksandwater.(在地球大氣中發(fā)現(xiàn)的幾乎所有甲烷氣體都是由生物活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的。它通常來(lái)自動(dòng)物和植物生命。但它也可以由地質(zhì)作用形成，比如巖石和水之間的相互作用。)"以及最后一段"Oneleadingtheoryisthatmethaneisbeingreleasedfromundergroundareascreatedbypossiblelifeformsthatdisappearedlongago.(一種主要的理論是甲烷是從地下釋放出來(lái)的，可能是由很久以前消失的生命形式產(chǎn)生的。)"可知，火星上的甲烷氣體可能是由生物或地質(zhì)活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的。故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.(甲烷含量的上升和下降給美國(guó)宇航局的科學(xué)家們留下了更多的問(wèn)題而不是答案。)"可知，火星上甲烷氣體含量的急劇變化給美國(guó)宇航局的科學(xué)家們帶來(lái)了困惑。故選D。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Ahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasonMarswasfoundbyNASA'sMarsexplorationvehicle.(美國(guó)宇航局的火星探測(cè)車在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了高濃度的甲烷氣體。)"及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章報(bào)道了好奇號(hào)在火星上探測(cè)到有記錄以來(lái)大氣中的最高甲烷含量，并由此引發(fā)火星上是否存在或曾經(jīng)存在生命的一系列討論和更進(jìn)一步科學(xué)探索的新聞。所以用"MethaneMysteryonMars(火星甲烷之謎)"作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。2.答案：1.B;2.C;3.A;4.B

解析：1.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)前面的"Bluelightglasses-technicallytheyshouldbecalled'bluelightblockinggases'(藍(lán)光眼鏡—嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō),它們應(yīng)該被稱為'藍(lán)光阻擋眼鏡')"和劃線短語(yǔ)后面的"lettingintheotherwavelengthsoflight(讓其他波長(zhǎng)的光進(jìn)入)"可知,藍(lán)光眼鏡可以過(guò)濾掉藍(lán)光,因此劃線短語(yǔ)意為"過(guò)濾"。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"What'smorelikelyisthatDESiscausedbyoveruse,ormisuseofeyes.Afterall,thesunisasubstantiallymorepowerfulproviderofbluelightthanourscreens(更有可能的是DES是由過(guò)度使用或誤用眼睛引起的。畢竟,太陽(yáng)提供的藍(lán)光比我們的屏幕要強(qiáng)大得多)"可知,數(shù)字眼疲勞是由使用屏幕時(shí)錯(cuò)誤的用眼習(xí)慣造成的。故選C。

3.主旨大意題。通讀第三段內(nèi)容且根據(jù)第三段的"Therehaven'tbeenenoughstudiestotellifbluelightglasses,wornforafewhoursbeforebed,couldhelpyousleepbetter,butit'snotoutofthequestion.(還沒(méi)有足夠的研究來(lái)證明睡前戴上幾個(gè)小時(shí)的藍(lán)光眼鏡是否能幫助你睡得更好,但這不是不可能的。)"可知,本段主要講述藍(lán)光眼鏡可能會(huì)對(duì)睡眠有幫助。故選A。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"We'llstartwiththebadnews:thereisnoevidencethatbluelightglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrainfromdigitalscreens.(我們先從壞消息說(shuō)起:沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明藍(lán)光眼鏡對(duì)數(shù)字屏幕造成的眼睛疲勞有任何影響。)"及最后一段的"Evenifit'sjusttheplacebo(安慰劑)effect,well,thatcanbeincrediblypowerful,andifitworksonyou,keepdoingit.(即使只是安慰劑效應(yīng),那也會(huì)非常有效,如果對(duì)你有效,那就堅(jiān)持下去。)"可知,作者既陳述了藍(lán)光眼鏡可能真的沒(méi)什么用,但是也認(rèn)為如果自己覺(jué)得有用也可以繼續(xù)戴,因此作者對(duì)于藍(lán)光眼鏡持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。故選B。3.答案：1.D;2.B;3.A;4.C

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Tosomeextent,smallwildfirescanhelptheforestecosystemworkbetterbyburningunwantednaturalfuel,likefallenleavesandbranches.(在某種程度上,小型野火可以通過(guò)燃燒多余的自然燃料(如落葉和樹枝)來(lái)幫助森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)更好地工作。)可知,小型野火燃燒了多余的落葉和樹枝會(huì)避免災(zāi)難性火災(zāi)的爆發(fā)。故選D。

2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的Workingwiththecompany,thefiredepartmentdirectsthesheeptotheareainmostneed