高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解主旨大意題答題方法

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解主旨大意題答題方法

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解主旨大意題答題方法

高考復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)一是要駕馭全部的學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)，二就是要大量的做題，下面就為各位考生帶來(lái)了英語(yǔ)閱讀理解主旨大意題答題方法，希望對(duì)考生有幫助。

Ⅰ.每日經(jīng)典諺語(yǔ)和句型背誦與仿寫(xiě)

1.Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.

世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。

2....as...aspossible=...as...asonecan盡可能……

活學(xué)活用

仿照上述句型，翻譯下列句子。

(1)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能地多讀書(shū)。

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(2)政府部門必需盡快實(shí)行行動(dòng)愛(ài)護(hù)河流被污染。

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Weshouldreadasmanybooksaspossible./Weshouldreadasmanybooksaswecan.

Thegovernmentmusttakeactionstopreventtheriverfrombeingpollutedassoonaspossible.

Ⅱ.閱讀理解之主旨大意題我們閱讀一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明確其主旨。因此，主旨大意題是?？碱}。主旨大意題包括：主要內(nèi)容(mainidea,mainlyabout)型、文章標(biāo)題(title)型、寫(xiě)作目的(purpose)型。廣東高考近幾年來(lái)考查過(guò)的題目中mainlyabout只考過(guò)4題，title題考了5題，purpose題考了5題。

◎解題技巧

1.弄清文章的大意，關(guān)鍵是找到主題句。

主題句的位置：主題句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼應(yīng)，有時(shí)也在文中，或沒(méi)有主題句，需依據(jù)文章所述內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納。各段的主題句也常在該段的首句或尾句。爭(zhēng)論文和說(shuō)明文一般有主題句，但記敘文通常沒(méi)有主題句，須要?dú)w納。

2.找主題句的方法：用閱讀法(skimming)，即

快速閱讀文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜尋主題線索和主題信息。找主題句的四個(gè)小竅門：

(1)段落中出現(xiàn)表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語(yǔ)(如however,but,infact,actually等)時(shí)，該句很可能是主題句。

(2)首段出現(xiàn)疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。

(3)有意識(shí)地反復(fù)重復(fù)的觀點(diǎn)，通常是主旨;反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞。

(4)表示總結(jié)或結(jié)論的話常有therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion等。

3.關(guān)于干擾項(xiàng)和正確答案。

(1)干擾項(xiàng)可能屬文中某個(gè)詳細(xì)事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié);可能屬文中某些(不完全的)事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)片面推出的錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論;可能屬非文章事實(shí)的主觀臆斷。

(2)正確答案：是依據(jù)文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來(lái)的;但不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過(guò)其實(shí)或以偏概全。

4.在閱讀理解中，主旨大意題常有以下幾種命題方式：(1)Mainidea型：選擇項(xiàng)多為陳述句，要求考生選擇表達(dá)思想或觀點(diǎn)的句子。題干多為如下形式：

①Whatsthemainidea/pointofthepassage?

②Thepassageismainlyabout________.

③Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout________.

④Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?

⑤Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainidea/themeofthepassage?

⑥Inthispassagetheauthordiscussesprimarily______.

⑦Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis________.

⑧Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageisabout________.

(2)Mainpurpose型：選擇項(xiàng)多為動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，要求考生找到主要的寫(xiě)作目的，常見(jiàn)以下幾種題干形式：

①Whatsthepurposeofthepassage?

②Thepassageismeantto________.

③Thepurposeofthearticleisto________.

④Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat________.

⑤Thepassagetellsusthat________.

⑥Theauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto...

(3)標(biāo)題型：選擇文章標(biāo)題是另一類對(duì)主旨大意題考查的形式，命題形式：

①Thebesttitleofthepassageis________.

②Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

③Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.

④Themostappropriatetitleofthepassageis________.

Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.

典型例析

Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople...Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness...Butonlywhenwestop

pretendingwerebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthatsinthem.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AWheelchairExperience.

B.WeaknessandKindness.

C.WeaknessandStrength.

D.ADrivingExperience

解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現(xiàn)了表轉(zhuǎn)折的But...可知，“ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople”便是主題句，再依據(jù)其次段最終一句可以確定，這句的確是主題句。又因標(biāo)題要簡(jiǎn)明、醒目，故選B。

答案：BInaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources(資源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持續(xù)的')ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainable

products.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.

Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries....Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.

45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.

B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.

C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.

D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.

解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折的Actually，其后的“Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged，andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持續(xù)的)ways”是主題句，隨后的兩句話都是對(duì)這一句進(jìn)

行說(shuō)明;句中兩個(gè)must清晰表明白“提倡可持續(xù)進(jìn)展”，其次段首句“Today，sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持續(xù)進(jìn)展”。故選D。

答案：D

Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere,meaninglesssocialcustomattimes,thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitislittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl,thewaitress,theteacher,andallthecountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway,itsnicetoknowtheycareenoughtopretendtheycarewhentheyreallydontcareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoften

besincere,itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.

30.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HaveaNiceDay—aSocialCustom

B.HaveaNiceDay—aPleasantGesture

C.HaveaNiceDay—aHeartwarmingGreeting

D.HaveaNiceDay—aPoliteEndingofaConversation

解析：主旨大意題。由該段的第一句(特殊是custom一詞)可知。

答案：A

(20xx年高考)Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein，inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive，tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom，afouryearoldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination

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