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第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023年全國(guó)統(tǒng)一高考英語(yǔ)試卷(甲卷)一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共30.0分)AWheretoEatinBangkok

Bangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹飪的)experiences.It'stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaicheflanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.

Bo.Lan

Bo.LanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants"list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(場(chǎng)所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.1.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?______

ATheyadoptmoderncookingmethods.A.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

B.Theyhavetop-classchefs.

C.Theyarebasedinhotels.2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?______A.Gaggan. B.Bo.Lan.

C.IssayaSiameseClub. D.Nahm.3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?______A.IthiresstafffromIndia.

B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.

D.Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.BTerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-ityourself).Skilldeatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:"I'msureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwith.paintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills."

Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:"I'vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalizemyroomandputuppictures,So,it'sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI'vemovedout."

WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthecomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearounds823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Tfifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.4.Whichisclosestinmeaningto"adabhand"inparagraph1?______A.Anartist. B.Awinner. C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.5.WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher£5aday?______A.Forabirthdaygift.

B.Asatreatforherwork.

C.TosupportherDIYprojects.

D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.6.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?______A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore.

B.Byfurnishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.

D.Bycancelingtherentalagreement.7.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?______A.Itisbecomingmorecostly.

B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.

C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.

D.Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.CIwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,so1spentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學(xué)).

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrllard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou-andthentrytoexplainthem.

EricWeiner'sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It'sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.8.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?______A.Foucault. B.ErieWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder D.Acollegeteacher.9.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?______A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeinersbook.10.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?______A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.

C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner'sbook?______A.Objectiveandplain. B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow. D.HumorousandstraightforwardDGrizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche-werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.

Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange,"saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reinterestinglybeingsightedbyhumans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.s.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

Obviously,ifprecautions(預(yù)防)aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,"saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.12.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?______A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.

B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.

D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.13.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?______A.TheEuropeansettlers'behavior. B.Theexpansionofbears'range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975. D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.14.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromDE-listinggrizzlies?______A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.

B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.

D.Thelocalfarmers'advocates.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?______A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共10.0分)TricksToBecomingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer(1)______.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.

●Practicegratitude(感激)

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(2)______."Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,"saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.

●Makeyourselfwait

Instantgratification(滿(mǎn)足)mayseemlikethemost"feelgood"optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(3)______.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.

●(4)______

Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,"(5)______."You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.

A.Findyourcauses

B.Startwithsmalltasks

C.Accepttheuncomfortable

D.Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry

E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience

F.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable

G.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共30.0分)Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe(1)______there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike(2)______itswaydownthehilltowardus.Itwas(3)______calledMario,comingto(4)______usaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasaverynice(5)______forhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes,wewere(6)______becausetheyweresomisshapen:notatalllikethenice,round,(7)______thingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy,inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(標(biāo)簽)onitThesecan'tbeany(8)______wethought.Butwewere(9)______hiskindness,sowe(10)______them.

Whatwediscoveredisthatit's(11)______tojudgewhatyoucatonlybyits(12)______.Thosetomatoeshad(13)______thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.Nowadayssuper-markettomatoes(14)______perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody'sgoingtohavea(15)______memoryofthose.It'sasurprisetheyhaven'tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan(16)______themeasily.Mario'swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle,butitwas(17)______.

It'sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey're(18)______andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere(19)______.WhatMariohad(20)______uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.21.

A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed22.

A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling23.

A.customer B.Neighbor C.relative D.passenger24.

A.lend B.send C.bring D.show25.

A.choice B.comment C.promise D.gesture26.

A.worried B.moved C.thrilled D.bored27.

A.simple B.real C.shiny D.fun28.

A.more B.good C.new D.easy29.

A.sympatheticto B.thankfulfor C.cautiousabout D.interestedin30.

A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed31.

A.unnecessary B.uncertain C.unwise D.unusual32.

A.appearance B.quality C.origin D.price33.

A.size B.shape C.color D.taste34.

A.smell B.look C.become D.work35.

A.happy B.vivid C.short D.vague36.

A.clean B.check C.count D.pack37.

A.perfect B.useful C.convenient D.familiar38.

A.onview B.onsale C.inseason D.inneed39.

A.finished B.stored C.found D.grown40.

A.cooked B.given C.bought D.told四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)41.Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)(1)______(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop'sfablesdatetothe(2)______(six)centuryB.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,(3)______RachelCarsonsaysin"AFableforTomorrow."

Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren."TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,(4)______alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings,"herfablebegins,(5)______(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage(6)______(intend)foreveryone.

(7)______(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson'sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility(8)______savingtheirenvironment.

Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Carson'sthemeisamoreweighty(9)______(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill(10)______(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題,共10.0分)42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修以你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(^),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)(\)劃掉。

修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn),并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意:(1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

(2)只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

Iusedtoafraidofinsects,butlastFriday'sbiologyclassmakeabigchangeinme.Inthatclass,MissZhao,ourbiologyteacher,showedweinsectsonstamps.Thebees,butterflyandmanyotherinsectslookedlovelyandbeautifullyonthestamps.MissZhaotoldusthenamesoftheinsectsordescribedtheirlivinghabits.Sheevenplayedsomerecordingsoftheirsinging,whatwasfun.Now,I'vecometolovethoseofsmalllivingthings.Intheevening,whenItakethewalkintheschoolgarden,thesingingofinsectsbecomemoremeaningfultome.六、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題,共25.0分)43.你們學(xué)校正舉辦主題為"用英文講中國(guó)故事"的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你以一位中國(guó)歷史人物為題寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿,內(nèi)容包括:

(1)人物簡(jiǎn)介及事跡;

(2)意義或啟示。

注意:

(1)詞數(shù)100左右;

(2)題目已為你寫(xiě)好。

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、B、D【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)Nahm部分的HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename(主廚DavidThompson因其位于倫敦的同名泰國(guó)餐廳而獲得米其林星級(jí))和IssayaSlameseClub部分的IssayaSlameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichefIanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.(IssayaSlameseClub是國(guó)際知名的泰國(guó)廚師IanKittichai在曼谷的第一家旗艦餐廳。)可知,Nahm和IssayaSlameseClub的共同之處是:它們都有頂級(jí)的大廚。故選C。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bo.Lan部分的Forthoseextremelyhungry,thereisalargesetmenu(對(duì)于那些極度饑餓的人,有一個(gè)大的套餐)可知,Bo.Lan提供大型套餐。故選B。

(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)Gaggan部分的Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseethechefGagganandhisstaffinaction(這座兩層樓的泰國(guó)殖民地住宅中最好的桌子提供了一扇通向廚房的窗戶(hù),在那里你可以看到廚師Gaggan和他的工作人員在行動(dòng))可知,Gaggan的特殊之處是它向客人展示烹飪的過(guò)程。故選D。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些曼谷的美食選擇。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4~7.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】(1)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it

yourself).Skilldeatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(泰瑞?博爾頓是DIY的能手。她擅長(zhǎng)搭架子和拼裝家具,她自己能做的工作從不花錢(qián)請(qǐng)別人做。)可知,她擅長(zhǎng)搭架子等手工活,因此說(shuō)她是這方面的專(zhuān)家。A.Anartist一個(gè)藝術(shù)家;B.Awinner一個(gè)勝利者;C.Aspecialist一個(gè)專(zhuān)家;D.Apioneer一位先驅(qū)。故選C。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith£5in

pocketmoney.(特里今年26歲,從6歲起,她就在學(xué)校放假的時(shí)候陪德里克去上班。一天的工作可以得到5英鎊的零花錢(qián))可知特里的祖父每天得到五英鎊是因?yàn)樗惶斓墓ぷ?。故選B。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Sheadds:"I'vemovedhousemany

timesandIalwaysliketopersonalize

myroomandputuppictures,So,it'sbeenusefultoknowhowto

coverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI'vemovedout."(她補(bǔ)充說(shuō):"我已經(jīng)搬過(guò)很多次家了,我總是喜歡把我的房間個(gè)性化,貼上照片。所以,知道如何把房間的洞蓋上,重新粉刷,在我搬出去的時(shí)候避免任何費(fèi)用,這很有用。")可知,她不會(huì)失去租房子的保證金是因?yàn)樗廊绾胃采w洞,如何粉刷,讓房子回到原來(lái)的樣子。故選A。

(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段ThoughDIY

hastraditionally

beenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.(盡管DIY傳統(tǒng)上被認(rèn)為是男性的愛(ài)好,但研究表明,現(xiàn)在是女性主導(dǎo)了這一潮流。)可知自己動(dòng)手制作在女性之間流行開(kāi)來(lái)。故選D。

這篇文章主要介紹了一位名叫Terri

Bolton的女性,她非常擅長(zhǎng)DIY,能夠自己安裝架子和拼裝家具,從不花錢(qián)請(qǐng)別人來(lái)做自己能做的工作。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、D【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段I

wasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideas

thatwerenewtome,so1spentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeand

broughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學(xué)).(大約在我13歲的時(shí)候,一個(gè)叔叔給了我一本JosteinGaarder的《蘇菲的世界》。書(shū)里充滿(mǎn)了對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很新鮮的想法,所以我整個(gè)夏天都在書(shū)里進(jìn)進(jìn)出出。它對(duì)我說(shuō)話(huà),把我?guī)нM(jìn)了一個(gè)哲學(xué)的世界。)可知,把作者帶入哲學(xué)世界的人是JosteinGaarder。故選C。

(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段Weinerstarts

eachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext(

背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisaread

inwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutunderstanding

philosophy,isabookabout

learningto

usephilosophytoimprovealife.(韋納每一章都以一個(gè)城市間火車(chē)旅行的場(chǎng)景開(kāi)始,然后把每個(gè)哲學(xué)家的作品框定在他們可以幫助我們做得更好的一件事的背景下。讀書(shū)的最終結(jié)果是,我們學(xué)會(huì)像蘇格拉底那樣思考,像梭羅那樣觀察,像叔本華那樣傾聽(tīng),像尼采那樣無(wú)怨無(wú)悔。這不僅僅是一本關(guān)于理解哲學(xué)的書(shū),更是一本關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)如何運(yùn)用哲學(xué)來(lái)改善生活的書(shū)。)可知,作者提到這四個(gè)哲學(xué)家是為了介紹Weiner的書(shū),讓讀者更了解這個(gè)作者和他的書(shū)。故選D。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,and

aging.(《蘇格拉底快車(chē)》是一本有趣而尖銳的書(shū),它以表面上的簡(jiǎn)單吸引讀者,并逐漸將他們帶入對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的更深層次的思考。)可知《蘇格拉底快車(chē)》這本書(shū)可以引發(fā)讀者對(duì)于生活中欲望,孤獨(dú)等的思考,用到生活中。故選B。

(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,and

aging.Theinvitationisclear:Weiner

wantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It's

worthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.(《蘇格拉底快車(chē)》是一本有趣而尖銳的書(shū),它以表面上的簡(jiǎn)單吸引讀者,并逐漸將他們帶入對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的更深層次的思考。他的邀請(qǐng)很明確:韋納希望你端上一杯咖啡或茶,坐下來(lái)讀這本書(shū)。我建議你接受他的提議。這值得你花時(shí)間,即使我們沒(méi)有那么多時(shí)間)可知,作者認(rèn)為Weiner的書(shū)有趣、尖銳、簡(jiǎn)單、直接。故選D。

這篇短文主要講述了作者對(duì)哲學(xué)的熱愛(ài)和重新點(diǎn)燃這份熱愛(ài)的書(shū)籍《蘇格拉底快車(chē):從死去的哲學(xué)家那里尋找生命的教訓(xùn)》。這本書(shū)以乘坐火車(chē)為開(kāi)頭,將每個(gè)哲學(xué)家的作品放在一個(gè)可以幫助我們做得更好的事情的背景下。用幽默的語(yǔ)言使哲學(xué)思想成為一種吸引人的鍛煉,提高我們體驗(yàn)生活的質(zhì)量。他與歷史上一些最重要的哲學(xué)家進(jìn)行對(duì)話(huà),并通過(guò)解碼他們的信息和添加自己的解釋來(lái)成為他們中的一員?!短K格拉底快車(chē)》是一本有趣、尖銳的書(shū),以其表面的簡(jiǎn)單吸引讀者,逐漸引導(dǎo)他們思考欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老等問(wèn)題。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】A、C、A、B【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche-werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.(灰熊可以長(zhǎng)到2.5米長(zhǎng),體重超過(guò)400公斤,在美國(guó)人心中占據(jù)著一個(gè)矛盾的角落——我們敬畏它們,盡管它們會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)可怕的夢(mèng)。問(wèn)那些從世界各地涌入黃石國(guó)家公園的游客,他們最希望看到什么,他們的答案往往是一樣的:灰熊。)可知,美國(guó)人認(rèn)為灰熊是可怕的但又想看灰熊,因此他們對(duì)灰熊的態(tài)度是復(fù)雜的。故選A。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段以及第四段In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.s.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.(1975年,灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》。如今,美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊,它們的恢復(fù)非常成功,以至于美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物管理局(U.S.FishandWildlifeService)曾兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名,這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù),允許它們被獵殺。)可知,1975年頒布的關(guān)于灰熊的法律使得他們的數(shù)量上升。故選C。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.s.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-list

grizzlies,whichwouldloosen

legalprotections

andallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.(如今,美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊,它們的恢復(fù)非常成功,以至于美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物管理局(U.S.FishandWildlifeService)曾兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名,這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù),允許它們被獵殺。由于環(huán)保組織的訴訟,這兩項(xiàng)努力都被推翻了。)可知,是環(huán)保組織的反對(duì)阻止了美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物管理局將灰熊從名單上除名。故選A。

(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Obviously,ifprecautions(

預(yù)防)aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimes

killing

farmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheir

yardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaround

chickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffective

atgettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhope

istohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,"(顯然,如果不采取預(yù)防措施,灰熊會(huì)變得很麻煩,有時(shí)會(huì)殺死農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物,或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露營(yíng)地移走,灰熊通常會(huì)安然通過(guò)。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物生活區(qū)周?chē)O(shè)置電動(dòng)圍欄也能有效地趕走灰熊。"我們希望有一個(gè)干凈、沒(méi)有吸引力的地方,讓熊可以通過(guò),而不會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣")可知,從最后一段中可以推斷人們可以采取一些措施減少灰熊帶來(lái)的麻煩,和灰熊和諧相處。故選B。

本文主要介紹了灰熊在美國(guó)的生存現(xiàn)狀和保護(hù)措施。文章首先介紹了灰熊的體型和地位,指出人們對(duì)灰熊的敬畏和恐懼。接著,文章介紹了灰熊的生存現(xiàn)狀,指出灰熊正在重新占領(lǐng)它們?cè)?jīng)的棲息地,并且在這個(gè)過(guò)程中被人類(lèi)所發(fā)現(xiàn)。然后,文章介紹了灰熊的歷史,指出在歐洲人到來(lái)之前,美國(guó)西部地區(qū)曾經(jīng)有超過(guò)5萬(wàn)只灰熊,但是由于殘酷的獵殺,到20世紀(jì)70年代,只剩下了600到800只灰熊,被列為瀕危物種?,F(xiàn)在,美國(guó)有約2000只灰熊,保護(hù)工作取得了成功。最后,文章介紹了保護(hù)措施,指出如果不采取預(yù)防措施,灰熊可能會(huì)成為麻煩,攻擊農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物或者闖入人類(lèi)居住區(qū)尋找食物。因此,人們需要清理食物和吸引物,采取電子圍欄等措施,讓灰熊不會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)到錯(cuò)誤的行為習(xí)慣??傊?,本文介紹了灰熊的生存現(xiàn)狀和保護(hù)措施,讓人們更加了解和關(guān)注這個(gè)重要的物種。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

16~20.【答案】G、E、B、C、F【解析】(1)聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文

Here'sariddle:Whatdotraffic

jams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhavein

common?There'soneanswer(這里有一個(gè)謎語(yǔ):交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期開(kāi)始有什么共同之處?只有一個(gè)答案)可知,上述三種情況的共同點(diǎn)就是要有耐心。G選項(xiàng)"這些都是我們需要一點(diǎn)額外耐心的情況"符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

(2)語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic(感恩有很多好處:研究表明,感恩讓我們更快樂(lè),壓力更小,甚至更樂(lè)觀)以及下文"Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself

control,"saidYeLi,researcheratthe

UniversityofCalifornia.(加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究員葉麗(音譯)說(shuō):"表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力。")可知,這里主要講的是感恩的好處。E選項(xiàng)"它也可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心"是感恩的第二個(gè)好處,符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

(3)語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Instantgratification(滿(mǎn)足)mayseemlikethemost"feelgood"optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(即時(shí)滿(mǎn)足似乎是當(dāng)時(shí)最能讓人"感覺(jué)良好"的選擇,但心理學(xué)研究表明,從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,等待實(shí)際上會(huì)讓我們更快樂(lè)。我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí)。)以及下文Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations(把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看,或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕。你很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),你練習(xí)的耐心越多,你就越能把它應(yīng)用到其他更惱人的情況中。)可知,這里主要講要練習(xí)等待的習(xí)慣,空后給出具體實(shí)施建議如多等十分鐘再去吃蛋糕等,這是生活中可以鍛煉等待的小事。故B選項(xiàng)"從小任務(wù)開(kāi)始"能夠承上啟下,符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

(4)聯(lián)系下文題。本空是小標(biāo)題,觀察其他小標(biāo)題不難發(fā)現(xiàn)都是以動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭,備選選項(xiàng)為AC選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)下文Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài),當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時(shí),我們會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境失去耐心。)可知,本段主要講在舒適區(qū)之外的感受。C選項(xiàng)"接受不舒服"能夠總結(jié)段落,符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

(5)語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)上文

Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortable

istheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenwe

experiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshould

learn

tosaytoyourself(我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài),當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時(shí),我們會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境失去耐心。你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō))以及下文You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient(然后你會(huì)逐漸變得更有耐心。)可知,本段主要講在舒適區(qū)之外經(jīng)歷不舒適時(shí)候,要怎么做才可以變得有耐心。F選項(xiàng)"這只是讓人不舒服,而不是無(wú)法忍受"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述如何才能變得有耐心。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類(lèi)似,不同的是一個(gè)選詞,一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí),要注意上下文語(yǔ)境,充分考慮信息詞(選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。

21~40.【答案】D、A、B、C、D、A、C、B、B、A、C、A、D、B、A、D、A、C、D、B【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.waited等待;B.met遇到;C.camped野營(yíng);D.stayed停留。根據(jù)上句Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.可知很多年前,我在加爾法納買(mǎi)了一棟房子,我們每年夏天都去那里。說(shuō)明我們第一次住在那里時(shí),聽(tīng)到一輛摩托車(chē)從山上向我們駛來(lái)的軋軋聲。故答案為D。

(2)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.making制作;B.searching尋找;C.squeezing用力擠壓;D.feeling感覺(jué)。我們第一次住在那里時(shí),聽(tīng)到一輛摩托車(chē)從山上向我們駛來(lái)的軋軋聲。makeone'swaytowards向……前進(jìn)。故答案為A。

(3)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.customer顧客;B.Neighbor鄰居;C.relative親戚;D.passenger乘客。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下句comingto(4)usaboxcontainingsometomatoes

andabottleofwine.可知是一個(gè)叫馬里奧的鄰居,他給我們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)盒子,里面裝著一些西紅柿和一瓶酒。故答案為B。

(4)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.lend借;B.send發(fā)送;C.bring帶來(lái);D.show展示。根據(jù)空后usaboxcontainingsometomatoes

andabottleofwine.可知他給我們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)盒子,里面裝著一些西紅柿和一瓶酒。故答案為C。

(5)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.choice選擇;B.comment評(píng)論;C.promise許諾;D.gesture姿態(tài)。根據(jù)上文Itwas(3)calledMario,comingto(4)usaboxcontainingsometomatoes

andabottleofwine.可知馬里奧給我們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)盒子,里面裝著一些西紅柿和一瓶酒,這是好的行為,也就是好的姿態(tài)。故答案為D。

(6)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.worried擔(dān)心的;B.moved感動(dòng)的;C.thrilled興奮的;D.bored乏味的。根據(jù)下句becausetheyweresomisshapen可知但是當(dāng)我們看著西紅柿?xí)r,我們很擔(dān)心,因?yàn)樗鼈兲瘟?。故答案為A。

(7)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的;B.real真實(shí)的;C.shiny發(fā)光的;D.fun有趣的。根據(jù)空后thingsyougetinasupermarket可知一點(diǎn)也不像你在超市里買(mǎi)到的那些漂亮的、圓圓的、閃閃發(fā)光的東西。故答案為C。

(8)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.more更多的;B.good好的;C.new新的;D.easy容易的。根據(jù)上句Andthewinewascloudy,inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(標(biāo)簽)onit可知酒是渾濁的,裝在一

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