2023屆河北省滄州市高三調(diào)研性模擬考試（一模）英語試題 【含答案解析】

第1頁/共1頁滄州市2023屆高三年級調(diào)研性模擬考試英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級和考號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題15分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhichcountryisJoegoingtothistime?A.Italy.B.Germany.C.Denmark.2.WhencanLilymeetMr.Smith?A.At10:30.B.At11:10.C.At11:40.3.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetwotickets?A.$35.B.$50.C.$60.4.WhatisthemainreasonforJulietochoosetheUniversityofTennessee?A.Theschoolfees.B.Thelocation.C.Themajor.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Atabusstop.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Repairhershoes.B.Buyabook.C.Postaletter.7.Whereisthestore?A.Oppositethebookshop.B.OnThirdStreet.C.Nearthepostoffice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatsubjectisthewomangoodat?A.Science.B.English.C.Math.9.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodoafterclass?A.Helphimwithhishomework.B.Returnhimthepencil.C.Lendhimherpencil.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Shewantstojoinagym.B.Shecan’tfindthewaytoagym.C.Shewantstofindasportspartner.11.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Weight-lifting.B.Dancing.C.Swimming.12.Whatistheman’ssuggestiontothewoman?A.Payingeverytimeshecomes.B.Payingonceamonth.C.Payingonceayear.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdidthemandealwiththefreepizza?A.Shareitwithhisfamily.B.Enjoyitonthewayhome.C.Giveitawaytothehomeless.14.Whatdocustomersneedtodoforafreepizza?A.Talktothewaiters.B.Handintheirsmartphones.C.Lockupalltheirbelongings.15.Whathasthebossdecidedtodo?A.Usehismobilephonelessathome.B.Buyeachofhischildrenasmartphone.C.Helphischildrenwiththeirschoolwork.16.Whatwillthemanprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Thestepsofmakingapizza.BThelocationoftherestaurant.C.Morestoriesabouttherestaurant’sboss.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisBuddy?A.Adog.B.Apoliceman.C.Areporter.18.WhatdidDorothytraindogsforatfirst?A.Givingperformances.B.Guidingblindpeople.C.Savingpeoplefromdanger.19.WheredidMorrislearnaboutthetrainingprograminGermany?A.Onthenewspaper.B.OnTV.C.Onatextbook.20.Whatmadethereporterssurprised?A.Morriscouldgoacrosstheheavytraffichimself.B.BuddycouldbedeliveredtoNewYork.C.BuddycouldguideMorrisinthebusystreet.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ARoyalTyrrellMuseumofPaleontology:Alberta,CanadaThefirstmuseumfordinosaursinCanada,RoyalTyrrellisopensevendaysaweekinorderforvisitorstoexperiencetheiramazingcollectionofspecimens(標本).Standoutsoftheircollectionincludetheskeleton(骨架)ofanewarmoreddinosaur,Borealopeltamarkmitchelli,whichwasdiscoveredin2011andwastheoldestdinosaurfoundinAlbertatodate.RoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalScience:Brussels,BelgiumFoundedin1846,theRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciencehasthelargestDinosaurGalleryinEurope,devotedtodisplayingdinosaurfossils(化石)andinformationaboutthem.In1878,therewere38nearlycompleteIguanodonskeletonsfoundinacoalmineinBelgium,ofwhichthemuseumacquired30.NaturalHistoryMuseum:Paris,FranceTheNaturalHistoryMuseumhas14sitesaroundFrance,with4situatedinParis.Themuseumisthethird-largestcollectionofspecimensintheworld,withabout62millioninreserve.Therearemanydinosaursandprehistoricanimalstobefoundhere.ZigongDinosaurMuseum:Zigong,ChinaOpenedin1987,ZigongDinosaurMuseumisuniquefrommanyoftheotherdestinationsonthislist,asitissituateduponasitewheredinosaurfossilswerefound.ThemildclimateinZigonghasmadeitagoldminefordinosaur-relateddiscoveries!Spreadoutoverthreefloors,themuseumcoversaround710,000squarefeetandcontainsanumberofexhibitsdevotedtotheJurassicperiod,whichoccurredaround205millionto135millionyearsago.Therewere100-plusspecimensdiscoveredattheZigongsitealone,andthirtyofthemwerecomplete(ornearlycomplete)skeletons!1.WhichmuseumwillyouvisittoseeBorealopeltamarkmitchelli?A.NaturalHistoryMuseum. B.ZigongDinosaurMuseum.C.RoyalTyrrellMuseumofPaleontology. D.RoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalScience.2.WhenwasthemuseumwiththelargestDinosaurGalleryinEuropefounded?A.In1846. B.In1878.C.In1987. D.In2011.3.WhatisspecialaboutZigongDinosaurMuseum?A.Itisopensevendaysaweek.B.Ithousesabout135millionspecimens.C.Ithasmanyprehistoricanimalsfossilsthere.D.Itislocatedatasitewheredinosaurfossilswerediscovered.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了世界各地的四個恐龍博物館?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RoyalTyrrellMuseumofPaleontology:Alberta,Canada部分中“Standoutsoftheircollectionincludetheskeleton(骨架)ofanewarmoreddinosaur,Borealopeltamarkmitchelli,whichwasdiscoveredin2011andwastheoldestdinosaurfoundinAlbertatodate.(他們的藏品中最引人注目的是一具新的甲龍Borealopeltamarkmitchelli骨架，這是2011年發(fā)現(xiàn)的，是迄今為止在阿爾伯塔發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的恐龍)”可知，你可以去RoyalTyrrellMuseumofPaleontology參觀Borealopeltamarkmitchelli。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalScience:Brussels,Belgium部分中“Foundedin1846,theRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciencehasthelargestDinosaurGalleryinEurope,devotedtodisplayingdinosaurfossils(化石)andinformationaboutthem.(比利時皇家自然科學(xué)研究所成立于1846年，擁有歐洲最大的恐龍畫廊，致力于展示恐龍化石和有關(guān)恐龍的信息)”可知，歐洲最大的恐龍畫廊成立于1846年。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZigongDinosaurMuseum:Zigong,China部分中第一段“Openedin1987,ZigongDinosaurMuseumisuniquefrommanyoftheotherdestinationsonthislist,asitissituateduponasitewheredinosaurfossilswerefound.(自貢恐龍博物館于1987年開放，與榜單上的許多其他景點相比，自貢恐龍博物館是獨一無二的，因為它坐落在發(fā)現(xiàn)恐龍化石的地方)”可知，自貢恐龍博物館的特殊之處在于它建在恐龍化石發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方，故選D。BTammyRugglesalwayswantedtobeaphotographer.InherFirstPersonVoxnarrative,shewrites,“I’dalwayslovedtakingpictures.EversinceIwasalittlegirl,takingphotosofmyfamilyandpetswiththeKodakcamerahasbeenmyfavoritehobby.”Butlikeherdriver’slicenseandsocialworkcareer,RugglesacceptedthatphotographywassomethingshewouldhavetogiveupduetoRetinitisPigmentosa(RP),aprogressiveblindingdiseasethatworsenstheretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)overtime.Rugglesislegallyblind,onlycapableofmakingoutunclearshapes.Howcouldshepracticeanartformthatisonlydependentonvision,ifshehadnone?That’swhenRugglesheardofpointand-shootdigitalcameraswhichdidn’tnecessitateadarkroom,exactprecision,orchangingmanual(手動)settings.Ruggleswenttoherbackyard,pressingtheshutteratshapesasanexperiment.Aftertransferringtheimagestoblackandwhiteonher47-inchmonitor(sheseesbestincontrast),shenoticedlittlethingsshehadneverseenevenpriortolosinghervision—blueberriesinsomebrush,wildpumpkinsattheedgeofthewoods,individualleavesonatree.Andwiththathercamerabecamehereyes,capturingthingssheherselfcouldn’tseeandhadneverseen.Rugglesnowconsidershervisionproblemaplustoherphotography.Unlikemostphotographerswhovisualizewhattheywanttheirphototolooklike,Rugglesapproachesherartwithzeropreconceived(預(yù)想的)ideasaboutwhatshehopestocapture.Withherlossofvision,Rugglesgainedanotherpairofeyes—onesthatcanseethehiddenbeautyoftheworldaroundher.4.WhatdoweknowaboutRuggles?A.Shewasbornblind.B.Sheisfondofphotography.C.Shehasgotherdriver’slicense.D.She’sstilltakingpictureswiththeKodakcamera.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRuggles?A.Braveandambitious. B.Confidentandoptimistic.C.Generousandgifted. D.Helpfulandsincere.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Ruggleswillgiveupshootingduetoherlossofvision.B.Rugglesimaginesthephotosinhermindbeforeshooting.C.Rugglesviewshervisionissueasastrengthtoherphotography.D.Ruggleshasachievedgreatsuccessbecauseshecanseethehiddenbeauty.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotecteyes.B.Tohelppeoplebeagoodphotographer.C.Topromotepoint-andshootdigitalcamerasD.Topraisethephotographer’sbraveryandperseverance.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要向我們介紹了TammyRuggles一直想成為攝影師，但是她卻患有視網(wǎng)膜色素變性，導(dǎo)致眼睛看不見，但她沒有放棄自己的夢想，而是借助相機來看世界的勵志故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TammyRugglesalwayswantedtobeaphotographer.InherFirstPersonVoxnarrative,shewrites,“I’dalwayslovedtakingpictures.EversinceIwasalittlegirl,takingphotosofmyfamilyandpetswiththeKodakcamerahasbeenmyfavoritehobby.”(TammyRuggles一直想成為一名攝影師。在她的FirstPersonVox敘述中，她寫道：“我一直喜歡拍照。當(dāng)我還是個小女孩的時候，用柯達相機給我的家人和寵物拍照一直是我最大的愛好。”)”可知，Ruggles喜歡攝影。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Andwiththathercamerabecamehereyes,capturingthingssheherselfcouldn’tseeandhadneverseen.(于是，她的相機成了她的眼睛，捕捉她自己看不到，也從未看到的東西。)”和第四段中“Rugglesnowconsidershervisionproblemaplustoherphotography.(Ruggles現(xiàn)在認為她的視力問題對她的攝影來說是一個加分項。)”可知，即使她失明了，她也沒有很悲觀，而是學(xué)習(xí)用相機來幫她捕捉看不到的東西，她將自己的視力問題當(dāng)成自己的一個優(yōu)勢，這說明她很樂觀，根據(jù)第一段中“TammyRugglesalwayswantedtobeaphotographer.(TammyRuggles一直想成為一名攝影師。)”可知，她一直想成為攝影師，即使眼睛看不見她也沒有放棄，相信自己能實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，由此可推知，她樂觀且自信，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Rugglesnowconsidershervisionproblemaplustoherphotography.(Ruggles現(xiàn)在認為她的視力問題對她的攝影來說是一個加分項。)”可推知，Ruggles認為她的視覺問題是她攝影的一個優(yōu)勢。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要向我們介紹了TammyRuggles一直想成為攝影師，但是她卻患有視網(wǎng)膜色素變性，導(dǎo)致眼睛看不見，但她沒有放棄自己的夢想，而是借助相機來看世界的勵志故事。由此可推知，作者的寫作目的是贊美這位攝影師的勇氣和毅力。故選D。CAttheSouthAfricannaturepreservewhereMiyaWarringtonandcolleaguesstudyCapegroundsquirrels,themaximumdailytemperaturehasincreasedbyabout2.5℃injust18years.Theanimalshavefoundsomewaystotoleratetheregion’sextremeheat,saysWarrington,aconservationecologistattheUniversityofManitoba.Sprawling(趴)flatonthegroundinaposecalledsplooting,forexample,helpstheanimalsremoveheatfromtheirlessfurryundersides.Thesquirrelsalsotakeshadeundertheirbushytails,whichtheycurlabovetheirheadsliketinyumbrella.Whenit’sreallyhot,theyreturntotheirburrows(窩)tocooloff.ButWarringtonwansthat,evenwithalltheseoptionsforkeepingcool,“stilltheycouldbeatthelimitsoftheirtolerance”duetosucharapidclimacticshift.Thatintensepressurecouldbewhytheirbodieshavebeguntochangeshape,Warringtonsays.Shefoundthat,overthecourseofjustundertwodecades,thesquirrels’alreadyincrediblylargehind(后邊的)feet,whichmayhelpdissipateheat,havegrownrelativetotheirbodysizesbyabout11percent.Meanwhile,theirspinelengthshavebecomeabout6percentshorter.AndtheCapegroundsquirrelisn’ttheonlyanimalthatappearstobeshape-shiftinginresponsetoclimatechange.Asscientistsaccumulatemoreevidencethatmanyspeciesbodiesareundergoingdifferentchangesoverarelativelyshortperiodoftime,itremainsunclearwhethertheiradaptationscankeepaheadofrisingtemperatures—andhowclosetheymaybetoabreakingpoint.Youngflesh,anotherecologistwhoisnotinvolvedinthestudy,soughttodeterminewhetherbirdbodysizesshranktemporallyasclimatechangehasdrivenhotterweatherinareasthroughoutNorthAmerica,“Thescaleoftheirprojectislarge,”hesays,addingthattorecordthischangeinsomanyspeciesoversuchashortperiod“reallysuggeststhatthereissomethingglobalaffectingallthesebirds—andclimatechangeiswhatmakessense”.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissipate”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Absorb. B.Reduce. C.Boost. D.Produce.9.Whatarescientistscertainabout?A.Thespecificfunctionsofthesquirrel’shindfeet.B.Thesquirrel’sadaptationstotherisingtemperatures.C.HowthebirdinNorthAmericarespondstoextremeheat.D.Manyspecieschangetheirbodyshapeinabriefperiodoftime.10.WhatisYoungflesh’sattitudetoWarrington’sstudy?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Worried.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.LivingHabitsofCapeGroundSquirrelsB.NegativeEffectsofClimateChangeonAnimalsC.AnimalsAreShape-ShiftinginResponsetoaWarmingWorldD.HighTemperaturesAreApproachingtheLimitsofAnimals’Tolerance【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家通過對非洲地松鼠的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在南非隨著氣溫的上升，動物身體開始改變形狀來適應(yīng)炎熱的氣候?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Sprawlingflatonthegroundinaposecalledsplooting,forexample,helpstheanimalsremoveheatfromtheirlessfurryundersides.（例如，以一種稱為“拍打”的姿勢平躺在地上，有助于動物從不那么毛茸茸的下側(cè)散熱。）”可知，該句子中的removeheat（消除熱量）可以解釋“dissipateheat”，選項中的reduce與heat搭配表示“減少熱量”，因此reduce可以解釋劃線詞。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Asscientistsaccumulatemoreevidencethatmanyspeciesbodiesareundergoingdifferentchangesoverarelativelyshortperiodoftime,itremainsunclearwhethertheiradaptationscankeepaheadofrisingtemperatures—andhowclosetheymaybetoabreakingpoint.（隨著科學(xué)家們積累了更多的證據(jù)，證明許多物種的身體在相對較短的時間內(nèi)正在經(jīng)歷不同的變化，目前尚不清楚它們的適應(yīng)能力是否能在氣溫上升之前保持領(lǐng)先，以及它們離臨界點有多近。）”可知，科學(xué)家們可以確定的是許多物種在很短的時間內(nèi)改變了它們的體型。故選D項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youngflesh,anotherecologistwhoisnotinvolvedinthestudy,soughttodeterminewhetherbirdbodysizesshranktemporallyasclimatechangehasdrivenhotterweatherinareasthroughoutNorthAmerica,“Thescaleoftheirprojectislarge,”hesays,addingthattorecordthischangeinsomanyspeciesoversuchashortperiod“reallysuggeststhatthereissomethingglobalaffectingallthesebirds—andclimatechangeiswhatmakessense”.（另一位沒有參與這項研究的生態(tài)學(xué)家Youngflesh試圖確定，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致整個北美地區(qū)的天氣變暖，鳥類的體型是否會暫時縮小。他說，“他們的項目規(guī)模很大”，他又補充說，在這么短的時間內(nèi)記錄這么多物種的這種變化“確實表明，有一些全球性的東西影響著所有這些鳥類，而氣候變化可能是起到了作用”。）”可知，Youngflesh對Warrington的研究持肯定的態(tài)度。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了在南非隨著氣溫的上升，動物身體開始改變形狀來適應(yīng)炎熱的氣候，并以對非洲地松鼠的研究和收集的證據(jù)來說明這一觀點。C選項（動物正在改變形狀以應(yīng)對全球變暖）體現(xiàn)了文章的主旨大意，適合作本文標題。故選C項。DThesedays,ifyouhearaboutthebirthofanOliviaoraLiam,youmightfeelsympathy—thepoorchildhasbeencursed(詛咒)withthemostpopularnameoftheirtimeandmightbeatriskofsharingitwithakindergartenclassmate.“ThenameMaryforinstance,wasthemostpopulargirlsnamefrom1880to1961.”saidLauraWattenberg,thefounderofthenaming-trendssiteNamerology.Inthepast60orsoyears,Americanparents’approachtonamingtheirkidshasundergoneadeepshift.Today,manyparentsseekoutlesspopularnamestohelptheirkidsstandout.Butinthepast,parentstypicallypickedcommonnames,consciouslyornot,sothattheirkidswouldfitin.In1880,thepercentageofbabieswhogotatop-10mostpopularnamewasintheneighborhoodof32percent,accordingtoWattenberg’scalculations.In1950,itwasabout28percent.Andin2020,ithadfallentoanall-timelowof7percent.“Wearedeepinaneraofnamingindividuality,whereparentsassumethathavinganamesounddistinctiveanduniqueisavirtue,”Wattenbergsaid.Therecameaturntowardnoveltyanddistinctivenessinthe1960s.Itwasdrivenbymanybroadershiftsindailylife.Asfamilysizesshrunkandkidsstoppeddoinglabor,Americans“startedtofocusontheuniquenessofeachchild,”asthesociologistPhilipCohenhaswritten,and“individualityemergedasaproject—startingwithnamingofcreatinganidentity.”Anothercrucialchangeisthatinthe1960s,parentsstartedgainingaccesstodataonbabynamingtrends,accordingtoEvans,aprofessorinBellevueUniversity.Booksinformedparentswhichnameswerepopular—and,byextension,whichoverexposednamestheymightwanttoavoid.Asthisinformationbecamemorewidelyavailable,Evansargues,parentsfeltmoresocialpressurenottopickthesamenameaseveryoneelseforfearofnotfollowingthelatestfashions.12.Whichofthefollowingwasthemostwelcomeasagirl’snamefrom1880to1961?A.Olivia. B.Liam.C.Laura. D.Mary.13.Whydidparentstypicallypickcommonnamesfortheirkids?A.Tohelptheirkidsstandout.B.Tohelptheirkidsdevelopavirtue.C.Tohelptheirkidsintegratewithothers.D.Tokeepnamesincirculationforalongtime.14.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Theuniquenessofeachchild. B.Thereasonsforbaby-namingshift.C.EnormousshiftsinAmericansociety. D.Theimportanceofcreatinganidentity.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acolumninanewspaper. B.Areviewofabestseller.C.Astoryinamagazine. D.Achapterofasciencebook.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。美國父母給孩子取名的方式發(fā)生了變化，文章分析了其中的原因，并強調(diào)現(xiàn)在是孩子擁有獨特名字的時代?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“‘ThenameMaryforinstance,wasthemostpopulargirlsnamefrom1880to1961.’saidLauraWattenberg,thefounderofthenaming-trendssiteNamerology.(‘例如，從1880年到1961年，瑪麗是最受歡迎的女孩名字?！厔菥W(wǎng)站namamerology的創(chuàng)始人勞拉·瓦滕伯格說)”可知，1880年至1961年之間，最受歡迎的女孩名為Mary。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butinthepast,parentstypicallypickedcommonnames,consciouslyornot,sothattheirkidswouldfitin.(但在過去，父母通常會有意無意地選擇常見的名字，這樣他們的孩子就能和他人融洽相處)”可知，過去父母通常會給孩子取常見的名字，這樣可以幫助他們的孩子與他人融合。故選C項。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Therecameaturntowardnoveltyanddistinctivenessinthe1960s.(20世紀60年代，人們開始轉(zhuǎn)向追求新奇和獨特)”，最后一段“Asthisinformationbecamemorewidelyavailable,Evansargues,parentsfeltmoresocialpressurenottopickthesamenameaseveryoneelseforfearofnotfollowingthelatestfashions.(隨著這些信息變得越來越廣泛，埃文斯認為，父母們感到了更大的社會壓力，他們不想和其他人選擇相同的名字，因為他們害怕不能跟上最新的潮流)”可知，最后兩段主要講美國家長給孩子起名字變化的原因。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了美國父母取名方式發(fā)生了變化，并簡要分析了原因。取名方式的變化，屬于社會現(xiàn)象，由此推知，文章最可能來自報紙的某一個版塊，如文化版塊。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。OneofthebestwaystopracticeforgivenessiswiththeREACHmethod.REACHstandsforRecall,Empathize(移情),Altruistic(利他的)gift,CommitandHold.____16____Recall,Thefirststepistorecallthewrongdoinginanobjectiveway.Thegoalisnottothinkofthepersoninanegativelight,buttocometoaclearunderstandingofthewrongthatwasdone.____17____Don’tpushasideanything,especiallyifitmakesyoufeelangryorupset.Empathize.Trytounderstandtheotherperson’spointofviewregardingwhyheorshehurtyou,butdon’tminimizethewrongthatwasdone.Sometimesthewrongdoingwasnotpersonal,butduetosomethingtheotherpersonwasdealingwith.____18____Theyoftendon’tthinkclearlywhentheyhurtothers,andtheyjustlosecontrol.Altruisticgift.Thisstepisaboutaddressingyourownshortcomings.Recallatimewhenyoutreatedsomeoneunkindlyandwereforgiven.____19____Recognizingthishelpsyourealizethatforgivenessisanaltruisticgiftthatyoucangivetoothers.Commit.Commityourselftoforgiveness.Forinstance,writeaboutyourforgivenessinajournaloraletterthatyoudon’tsendortellafriend.Hold.Finally,holdontoyourforgiveness.Thisstepistoughbecausememoriesoftheeventwilloftenhappenagain.Forgivenessisnoterasure(消除).____20____Whenbadfeelingsarise,remindyourselfthatyouhaveforgivenandfinallyyouwantgoodfortheoffender.A.Howdiditmakeyoufeel?B.Hereisalookateachstep.C.Forgivenessisacharacterofthestrongandwise.D.Howcanyouacquirethehabitofshowingkindnesstoothers?E.Rather,it’saboutchangingyourreactiontothoseawfulmemories.F.Visualizethepersonandsituationandallthefeelingsthatcomewithit.G.Peoplewhoattackothersaresometimesthemselvesinastateoffearandworry.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了練習(xí)寬恕的最好方法之一是使用REACH方法——回憶(Recall)、共情(Empathize)、利他(Altruistic)、承諾(Commit)和堅持(Hold)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“OneofthebestwaystopracticeforgivenessiswiththeREACHmethod.REACHstandsforRecall,Empathize(移情),Altruistic(利他的)gift,CommitandHold.(練習(xí)寬恕的最好方法之一是使用REACH方法。REACH分別代表回憶、共情、利他、承諾和堅持。)”可知，本文話題為REACH方法，B項“Hereisalookateachstep.(下面是每個步驟的介紹。)”，根據(jù)下文五個小標題可知，B項起到承上啟下作用，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文。故選B項?！?7題詳解】本段小標題為Recall，根據(jù)上文“Thefirststepistorecallthewrongdoinginanobjectiveway.Thegoalisnottothinkofthepersoninanegativelight,buttocometoaclearunderstandingofthewrongthatwasdone.(第一步是客觀地回顧過錯。這樣做的目的不是從負面的角度來看待這個人，而是要清楚地認識到他做錯了什么。)”可知，通過回顧過失可以幫助了解這人錯在哪里，復(fù)現(xiàn)詞為theperson，F(xiàn)項“Visualizethepersonandsituationandallthefeelingsthatcomewithit.(想象那個人和情境，以及隨之而來的所有感受。)”，F(xiàn)項具體表述怎么回顧，下文“Don’tpushasideanything,especiallyifitmakesyoufeelangryorupset.(不要把任何事情放在一邊，尤其是讓你感到憤怒或不安的事情。)”，其中的feelangryorupset呼應(yīng)F項中的allthefeelingsthatcomewithit，上下文銜接連貫。故選F項?！?8題詳解】下文“Theyoftendon’tthinkclearlywhentheyhurtothers,andtheyjustlosecontrol.(當(dāng)他們傷害別人的時候，他們往往沒有想清楚，他們只是失去了控制)”，G項“Peoplewhoattackothersaresometimesthemselvesinastateoffearandworry.(攻擊他人的人有時自己也處于恐懼和擔(dān)憂的狀態(tài)。)”，下文中的They指代G項中的Peoplewhoattackothers，攻擊他人的人處于恐懼擔(dān)憂而失控傷人，上下文銜接連貫順暢。故選G項。【19題詳解】上文“Recallatimewhenyoutreatedsomeoneunkindlyandwereforgiven.(回憶一下你對別人不友好而被原諒的經(jīng)歷。)”，A項“Howdiditmakeyoufeel?(你是什么感覺)”，上文與A項為順接關(guān)系，下文“Recognizingthishelpsyourealizethatforgivenessisanaltruisticgiftthatyoucangivetoothers.(認識到這一點有助于你意識到寬恕是一種你可以給別人的無私的禮物。)”，其中的this指代A項內(nèi)容，上下文銜接連貫。故選A項?！?0題詳解】本段小標題為Hold，作為練習(xí)寬恕的最后一個環(huán)節(jié)，上文“Forgivenessisnoterasure(消除).(寬恕不是抹去)”，E項“Rather,it’saboutchangingyourreactiontothoseawfulmemories(相反，它是關(guān)于改變你對那些可怕記憶的反應(yīng))”，上文與E項為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文“Whenbadfeelingsarise,remindyourselfthatyouhaveforgivenandfinallyyouwantgoodfortheoffender.(當(dāng)不好的感覺出現(xiàn)時，提醒自己你已經(jīng)原諒了，最后你希望冒犯者得到好處。)”，下文承接E項內(nèi)容，表達了面對不好的記憶、感覺，不是抹去，而是改變自己的態(tài)度、反應(yīng)，上下文銜接連貫。故選E項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Suhanahasasister,Shahrine,whoisolderby18months.WhileShahrine’smotherwaspregnantwithSuhana,theirunclecametotownforavisit.Duringthevisittheirunclewasquickto____21____thatShahrinedidnotseemtobetalkingatanageappropriatelevelor____22____whencalledupon.Shahrinewouldalso____23____thevolumeonthetelevisionwhenotherscouldhearitwithout____24____.Shahrine’sparentshadthoughtthatherspeechdevelopmentandbehaviorwere____25____forakid,butthankstotheuncleexpressinghis____26____,thefamilysoon____27____.AhearingtestfoundthatShahrinewashardof____28____.DuetoShahrine’sdiagnosis(診斷),Suhanareceivedahearing____29____atbirthandwasfoundtobehardofhearing,aswell.Haditnotbeenforheruncle’sconcern,Suhanawouldn’thavehadahearingtestatbirth.Asaresultoftheir______30______diagnoses,SuhanaandShahrine’sparentswereabletogainthe______31______theyneededtomakesurebothoftheirchildrencouldreachtheirfull______32______inlife.Theyhad______33______toearlyservicesfromateamofphysicians,speechtherapistsandteachers.Suhana______34______herownsuccesstoherparents,sayingthatshecouldn’thavemadeitwithouttheir______35______andpatience.Today,Suhanaworksasanexpertwhoprovideshelpforchildrenwhoaredeaforhardofhearing.21.A.recommend B.agree C.demand D.notice22.A.move B.complain C.respond D.explain23.A.takeoff B.turnup C.putoff D.pickup24.A.hesitation B.mercy C.difficulty D.doubt25.A.strange B.normal C.serious D.interesting26.A.concern B.satisfaction C.confusion D.gratitude27.A.lostheart B.madeprogress C.tookaction D.hadfun28.A.reading B.writing C.speaking D.hearing29.A.intervening B.identifying C.screening D.discovering30.A.early B.hurried C.wrong D.delayed31.A.energy B.knowledge C.reputation D.experience32.A.health B.chance C.power D.potential33.A.access B.attitude C.reference D.approach34.A.limits B.credits C.contributes D.devotes35.A.sympathy B.forgiveness C.influence D.support【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。蘇哈娜的姐姐從小聽力差，在叔叔的提醒下，蘇哈娜一出生就做了聽力篩查，所以從小得以治療，后來她取得了巨大成功?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在拜訪期間，她們的叔叔很快就注意到，沙赫琳似乎沒有達到一個與年齡相稱的水平，也沒有在被叫到時做出反應(yīng)。A.recommend推薦；B.agree同意；C.demand要求；D.notice注意到。根據(jù)“thatShahrinedidnotseemtobetalkingatanageappropriatelevelor____2____whencalledupon.”可知，沙赫琳的叔叔注意到她的問題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在拜訪期間，他們的叔叔很快就注意到，沙赫琳似乎沒有達到一個與年齡相稱的水平，也沒有在被要求時做出回應(yīng)。A.move感動；B.complain抱怨；C.respond回復(fù)；反應(yīng)；D.explain解釋。根據(jù)“whencalledupon.”可知，沙赫琳被叫時，沒有做到相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：沙赫琳還會在別人能毫不費力地聽到的時候把電視的音量調(diào)大。A.takeoff脫掉；B.turnup調(diào)大；C.putoff推遲；D.pickup撿起。根據(jù)“thevolumeonthetelevision”結(jié)合下文診斷她聽力有問題可知，沙赫琳會把電視機的音量調(diào)得很大。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沙赫琳還會在別人能毫不費力地聽到的時候把電視的音量調(diào)大。A.hesitation猶豫；B.mercy仁慈；C.difficulty困難；D.doubt懷疑。withoutdifficulty毫不費力。根據(jù)“whenotherscouldhearit”可知，在這里表示對比，其他孩子們不用費力就能聽到。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沙赫琳的父母本以為她的語言發(fā)育和行為對于一個孩子來說是正常的，但多虧了叔叔的關(guān)心，這家人很快就采取了行動。A.strange奇怪的；B.normal正常的；C.serious認真的；D.interesting有趣的。根據(jù)“butthankstotheuncleexpressinghis____6____,thefamilysoon____7____.”可知，沙赫琳的父母原認為她的言語發(fā)育和行為對一個孩子來說是正常的。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沙赫琳的父母本以為她的語言發(fā)育和行為對于一個孩子來說是正常的，但多虧了叔叔的關(guān)心，這家人很快就采取了行動。A.concern關(guān)心；B.satisfaction滿意；C.confusion混淆；D.gratitude感激。根據(jù)下文“Haditnotbeenforheruncle’sconcern,Suhanawouldn’thavehadahearingtestatbirth.”可知，由于叔叔的關(guān)心，家人及時采取了行動。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：沙赫琳的父母本以為她的語言發(fā)育和行為對于一個孩子來說是正常的，但多虧了叔叔的關(guān)心，這家人很快就采取了行動。A.lostheart灰心；B.madeprogress取得進步；C.tookaction采取行動；D.hadfun玩得愉快。根據(jù)下文“DuetoShahrine’sdiagnosis(診斷),Suhanareceivedahearing9”可知，家人很快就采取了行動。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽力測試發(fā)現(xiàn)沙赫琳聽力不好。A.reading閱讀；B.writing寫作；C.speaking講話；D.hearing聽力。根據(jù)“Suhanareceivedahearing____9____atbirthandwasfoundtobehardofhearing,”可知，沙赫琳做聽力測試發(fā)現(xiàn)聽力不好。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于沙赫琳的診斷，蘇哈娜在出生時接受了聽力篩查，發(fā)現(xiàn)她也有聽力障礙。A.intervening干涉；B.identifying識別；C.screening篩査，檢査；D.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“AhearingtestfoundthatShahrinewashardof____8____.”可知，由于沙赫琳的診斷，蘇哈娜出生時接受了聽力篩査，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)聽力也很差。故選C。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于她們的早期診斷，蘇哈娜和沙赫琳的父母能夠獲得她們需要的知識，以確保他們的孩子能夠在生活中充分發(fā)揮潛力。A.early早的；B.hurried匆忙的；C.wrong錯誤的；D.delayed延遲的。根據(jù)“Suhanahasasister,Shahrine,whoisolderby18months.WhileShahrine’smotherwaspregnantwithSuhana,theirunclecametotownforavisit.”推知，兩姐妹在很小的時候就進行了診斷，即由于她們的早期診斷父母獲得了照顧和教育她們需要的知識。故選A。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于她們的早期診斷，蘇哈娜和沙赫琳的父母能夠獲得她們需要的知識，以確保他們的孩子能夠在生活中充分發(fā)揮潛力。A.energy精力；B.knowledge知識；C.reputation名聲；D.experience經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)“theyneededtomakesurebothoftheirchildrencouldreachtheirfull_____12_____in