考研英語(yǔ)寫作資料

考研英語(yǔ)寫作常用句型

原因結(jié)構(gòu)句型

manydramaticincrease

differentcauses

1.Thereareforthemarkedchangesin

severalfactorssignificantdecrease

anumberorproblem

preference

2.Thereareseveralreasonsformychoice

decision

First,...Second,...primary

3.Why...?Foronething,...Foranother,...Finally/Perhapsthemain

Onereasonis...mostimportant

explainsuccess

resultin

5.Anumberoffactorscouldthe而他

accountforchoice

contributetodecision

isresponsiblefbr

7....alsoplaysapartin

contributesto

bypeoplefor...,oneshouldbe

changemainlyresult/arisefrom

10.Theincreasein...largelyisattributable/duetothefactthat...

decreasepartlyisbecauseofseveral

11.Onemaybackto...

trend

12.Onemaytracetheproblembackto...

phenomenon

theonlyanswer

13....isnotbyitselfanadequateexplanation

thewholestory

criticize...for

15.YoumayblameforButthefortheproblemgofardeeper,

attributetophenomenon

teenagers

16.Thefaultiswithwho...

women

factor

17.Factor/Wemaylookintoevery/Theleadingcauseexcepttherealone.

possiblereason

complicatedphenomenon

thereasonforthis

deep-seatedtendency

whichinvolvesmany/severalfactors

描寫圖表句型

Accordingtochart/graph

Ascanbeseenfromthetable,

Asshownindiagram

Itisclear/apparentformfigure/statistics

chart

reveals

2.Thegraphthat...

shows

table

suggests

diagram

numbernearlydoubledascomparedwiththose

4.Thefigureof...almosttripledasagainstthat

percentagemorethan

oflastyear.

figureincreasedmorethansixtimes

5.Thenumberdroppedalmosttwice,comparedwith

percentagedecreasedabouttwoandahalftimes

?asmuchas?

percentagetwicethat

6.Thenumber4timesthoseof1990.

Hhalf

ratehalf

7.ThenumberwasXpercent,thanathirdofthe1998total

quarter

shotup

jumped

increasedbyXpercent

8.Bycomparisonwith1990,itrosefromXtoYpercent

decreasedtoXpercent

dropped

fell

reachedsomethingofplateau

9.IthasapproachedXpercentinthepastfewyears

risentoanaverageofXpercentin1998

10.Itaccountsfbr15percentofthetotal.

lessthan

morethanthree-quartersofhousewives

11.By1998,almostXpercentofgraduates

aboutoneoutoffiveyoungcouples

overoneinfourthenumberofstudents

asmanyasonehalf/thirdof

nearly

almost/nearlyaquarterasmanystudentsas

12.Ahasabout/overhalf/twiceasmuchmoneyasB

onethird

about/approximatelynumberstudents

13.Ahasexactly/preciselythesameproportionofmoneyas.

amount

suddenjump

Duringtheperiod1970-1999sharprise

From1910to1974wasdramaticincrease

14.Since1980...therehasbeenamarkedfluctuation

Sincetheearly1980ssteadydecrease

slightdecline

gradualreduction

falldrop

thenumberofpeoplewho

personalincome

collegepopulation

in

increasedsuddenlyfrom1988to1990

jumped

rapidly/slowlyduringthefive-yearperiod.

rosedramatically

15.Thenumberof...decreasedsignificantly

declinedslightly

droppedgradually

fellsharply

fluctuated

Xaccidents/suicides

aXpercentincrease

decrease

anincreaseof3percentinathree-monthperiod

upfromXpercentforthesameperiodlastyear

second-highest

17.thatisthethird-lowestrateinhistory.

numbersteadyduringthedecade

18.Thepercentageremainedstablebetween1990and1995

unchangedfrom1990to1995

percentageapeak

19.ThereachedahighpointinMarch

alowpointat20%

figurethebottom

20.Thefigure90percent,thehighestleveleverrecordedsince1960

分析結(jié)構(gòu)句型

1.First,...Second...Worsestill...

create

leadtohost

giverisetomultitude

2.Itmayaofproblems

considerable

haveprofoundinfluence

3.Itwillexertabeneficialeffecton

producefavorable

undesirable

negative

causeconsiderable

roduce

4.ItmayPmarked/drasticchangein

bringaboutsweepingrise

favorable/undesirable

effectson

consequencesof

duces

8.Theresultitv

eventualbringsabout

that

whatwouldhappen

Personalexperience

「i「show(s)that...

ExamplesIreadof

I]Agoodcaseinpointjs

Classicexample

比較結(jié)構(gòu)句型

infavorof

1.Personally,Tm

like/prefer

Oneadvantage

2.Anotherbenefitisthat...

Thebiggest

Ithasadvantagesdisadvantages

3.bothand.

Theyhavestrengthsweaknesses

outweighthebenefitwegainfrom

4.TheadvantagesofBcarrymoreweightthanthoseofA

aremuchgreaterthanthoseof

comparison

5.TheeffectofisheightenedbyanotheradvantageBenjoys

contrast

soundsridiculousmentioned

considered

6.A'sadvantagestakeninto

meansnothingconsideration

7.Whentheadvantagesanddisadvantagesof...arecarefullycompared,themoststriking

findingself-evident

is

conclusionobvious

hasdistinct

8.AlthoughAwithBin...enjoysa/theenormousadvantageof...,itcan'tcompete...

gainsconsiderable

Bycontrast,

9.

Onthecontrary,

Despitetheseadvantages,itsowndisadvantages

Likeanythingelse,problems

GoodasAisharmfuleffects

10.it

評(píng)論文的結(jié)構(gòu)句型

orviceversa,

1.Whetherithasmoreadvantagesonethingiscertain:...

doesmoreharmthangood

8.AsopposedIargue...

Contrary

popular

9.Althoughthenationwideisthat

commonly-accepted

10.Althoughthereisatendencytothinkthat...

mention

11.Theymayberightabout...,buttheyseemtofailtotakeintoaccount

Logic

insignificant

12.Validarethesearguments,theyappearabsurd

Sound

when...istakenintoconsiderationaccount.

13.TheproblemwiththeViewis...

flawargument

view

14.Thereisanelementoftruthinthearoumenbuttheyignoreadeeperandmore

basicfact/reasonthat...

import

Iant__I

15.Whatthesepeoplefailtounderstandisthat...

Take...forexample,

Forexample,...

Supposethat...

考研英語(yǔ)寫作常見語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤

I.詞法錯(cuò)誤

A.Article冠詞

(l)a.Themachinescouldnotrunandpeoplewouldhavetofallbackontheirhandsto

producewhatareessentialforthemtokeepalive.

b.Machinescouldnotrunandpeoplewouldhavetofallbackontheirhandstoproduce

whatareessentialforthemtokeepalive.

(2)a.Pollutionisthebiggestproblemofthecities.

b.Pollutionisthebiggestproblemofthecities.

(3)a.Thehousingprobleminbigcitiesisratheraheadachetobothgovernmentandpeople.

b.Thehousingprobleminbigcitiesisratheraheadachetoboththegovernmentand

people.

(4)a.Bicycleisthemostcommonmeansoftransportinourcountry.

b.Thebicycle/Abicycleisthemostcommonmeansoftransportinourcountry.

(5)a.Onthecontrary,thepercentagesofmilkandmeatareonarise.

b.Onthecontrary,thepercentagesofmilkandmeatareontherise.

(6)a.Wecan'tavoidbeingbeatenbytheothers.

b.Wecan'tavoidbeingbeatenbyothers.

(7)a.Andoncetheartificial-intelligentrobotswereputintouse,whatwouldtheseclever

“people“dototheirproducers?

b.Andoncerobotswithartificial-intelligencewereputintouse,whatwouldtheseclever

“people“dototheirproducers?

(8)a.Foranexample,withthewideadoptionoftheautomaticworkingapparatuses,more

andmorepeoplewilllosetheirjobsinthefuture.

b.Forexample,withthewideadoptionoftheautomaticworkingapparatuses,moreand

morepeoplewilllosetheirjobsinthefuture.

(9)a.AlmosteverydayIopenTVat6:30p.m.andwaitforthenewsprogram.

b.AlmosteverydayIturnontheTVat6:30p.m.andwaitforthenewsprogram.

(10)a.Then,duringthesecondpart,we'reshowedsomepicturesoftheforeign

customs.

b.Then,duringthesecondpart,we'reshowedsomepicturesofforeignplacesandcustoms.

(11)a.Myfavouriteprogrammeiscalled叮heAnimalWorld"，whichisprovidedby

CCTVeverySundaynight.

b.Myfavouriteprogrammeiscalled“AnimalWorld"，whichisprovidedbyCCTVevery

Sundaynight.

(12)a.Itprovidesuswithnaturalscenesandthelifeofallkindsofwildanimals,with

theexplanationbythenarrator.

b.Itprovidesuswithviewsofnaturalscenesandalookofthelifestyleofallkindsofwild

animals,withanexplanationbythenarrator.

(13)a.Notonlydotheleadersofthecountriesvisittheforeigncountries,butalsothe

commonpeoplevisitabroad.

b.Notonlydotheleadersofcountriesoftenvisittheforeigncountries,butalsothe

commonpeoplevisitabroad.

(14)a.Ithinktheyarethequestionsofgreatinterest.

b.Ithinktheyarequestionsofgreatinterest.

(15)a.Inshort,thebadadscanbeclassifiedintotwocategories.Onecategoryhasthe

badpurpose.Theadvertiserswanttosellcigarettes,drinks,gunsandsoon....Theother

categoryofbadadsarethoseinwhichtheadvertiseruseviolenceandsextopromotetheir

sales.

b.Generallyspeaking,thebadadscanbeclassifiedintotwocategories.Onecategoryhasa

badpurpose.Theadvertiserswanttosellthingslikecigarettes,alcohol,andguns....Theother

categoryofbadadsarethoseinwhichtheadvertiseruseviolenceandsextopromotetheir

sales.

(16)a.Thisseemstobeonfashionnow.

b.Thisseemstobeinfashionnow.

(17)a.Andalso,theytreatthefirecrackersastheheritageoftheChineseculture.

b.Andalso,theytreatfirecrackersastheheritageoftheChineseculture.

(18)a.Finallywecanteachourselvesandlearnthenewknowledge.

b.Finallywecanteachourselvesandlearnnewknowledge.

(19)a.HigherEnglishlevelwillhelpyoutofindasatisfactoryjobinthefuture.

b.AhigherEnglishlevelwillhelpyoutofindasatisfactoryjobinthefuture.

(20)a.Somestudentswhosemajorischemistry,mathorphysicsandsoonwouldthink

thatwhentheygraduatefromthecollegethey'llnotapplyEnglishanymore.

b.Somestudentswithmajorslikechemistry,mathorphysicswouldthinkthatwhenthey

graduatefromcollegethey'llnotuseEnglishanymore.

(21)a.Suchopinionleadstosurprisingwasteofwater.

b.Suchanopinionleadstoashockingwasteofwater.

(22)a.Andwidespreadofeducationisalsoagoodreason.

b.Andthewidespreadofeducationisalsoagoodreason.

(23)a.Thegivengraphtellsusthechangesoflifeexpectancyandinfantmortalityof

thedevelopingcountriesin1960and1990.

b.Thegivengraphtellsusthechangesoflifeexpectancyandinfantmortalityinthe

developingcountriesin1960and1990.

(24)a.Thereareothercountlessexamples.Allinall,wemustkeeptheproverbinmind

forlifetime------Practicemakesperfect.

b.Thereareothercountlessexamples.Inaword,wemustkeeptheproverbinmindfora

lifetime------Practicemakesperfect.

(25)a.Communityservicesaswellasmassmediaarebothgoldenchancestopractice

ourability,throughwhichwecanlearntocooperatewithpeople,tocontributeour

intelligencetothesociety.

b.Communityservicesisagoldenchancetouseourability,throughwhichwecanlearnto

cooperatewithpeopleandcontributeourintelligencetosociety.

(26)a.Idon'tthinknumbershaveanythingtodowiththeluck.

b.Idon'tthinknumbershaveanythingtodowithluck.

B.Nouns名詞

?可數(shù)名詞

1)a.EvenalotofentertainmentsuchasTV,recordingandfilmsneedelectricity.

b.EvenalotofentertainmentsuchasTV,recordingsandfilmsneedelectricity.

2)a.Peoplewhosuggestedthissaidthatonecauseoftheheavytrafficistrafficaccident.

b.Peoplewhosuggestedthissaidthatonecauseoftheheavytrafficistrafficaccidents.

3)a.Twosolutionshavebeenrecommendedsofar,andeachonehasbothadvantageand

disadvantage.

b.Twosolutionshavebeenrecommendedsofar,andeachonehasbothadvantagesand

disadvantages.

4)a.Manhaslivedinthisworldforthousandsofyears.Theyfightagainstnaturefrom

timetotimeandtheysurvive.

b.Humanbeingshavelivedinthisworldforthousandsofyears.Theyhavefoughtagainst

naturefromtimetotimeandtheyhavesurvived.

5)a.Aslongaswedon'tgiveupandbelieveinourselves,andinthemeantimelearn

somethingfromfailure,we'llcertainlymakeourmarksintheend.

b.Aslongaswedon'tgiveupkeepingbelievinginourselves,andinthemeantimelearn

somethingfromfailure,we'llcertainlymakeourmarkintheend.

6)a.Withmoneywecantravelwidelyandhavemoreexperience.

b.Withmoneywecantravelwidelyandhavemoreexperiences.

7)a.Whatmoneywillringyoudependsonyourpersonalbeliefandgoalinlife.

b.Whatmoneywillringyoudependsonyourpersonalbeliefsandgoalsinlife.

8)a.Duringthisprocessjobinterviewhasarisenandappearedmoreandmoreimportant.

b.Duringthisprocess,thejobinterviewhasarisenandappearedmoreandmoreimportant.

9)a.First,theinterviewercantellsomethingaboutthejobtotheintervieweesuchasthe

wage,theworkconditionsandsomeotherthingswhichisrelevanttothejob.

b.First,theinterviewercantellsomethingaboutthejobtotheintervieweesuchasthe

wages,theworkingconditionsandsomethingelsewhichisrelevanttothejob.

10)a.Theythinkthatfreshwatercomesfromsuchvarietiesofsourcesthatitisalways

sufficientforuse.

b.Theythinkthatfreshwatercomesfromsuchavarietyofsourcesthatitisalways

sufficientforuse.

11)a.Theprimarycauseisthatwecanexpandourhorizon.

b.Theprimarycauseisthatwecanexpandourhorizons.

12)a.Intheiropinion,peoplewhochangetheirjobfrequentlyaresuperficialand

tactless.

b.Intheiropinion,peoplewhochangetheirjobsfrequentlyareimprudentandtactless.

13)a.Theyrangefromfoods,clothestoradios,TVsets,andevensomemedicineis

fake,whichhasbroughtalotoftroublesinourdailylife.

b.Theyrangefromfoods,clothestoradios,TVsets,andevenmedicinesarefake,which

hasbroughtalotoftroublestoourdailylife.

14)a.First,governmentshouldforbidthefakecommoditiesbylaw.

b.First,thegovernmentshouldforbidthefakecommoditiesbylaw.

-不可數(shù)名詞

1)a.Thefreshairandbeautifulscenerieswillattractpeopletoleavetheovercrowdedcity.

b.Thefreshairandbeautifulscenerywillattractpeopletoleavetheovercrowdedcity.

2)a.NowadaysradiosandTVplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinourdailylife.

b.NowadaysradioandTVplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinourdailylife.

3)a.Forexample,settingofffirecrackersoftensetsfiretobuildings,andcausesmany

damages.

b.Forexample,settingofffirecrackersoftensetsfiretobuildings,andcausesalotof

damage.

4)a.Theythinkonlywhentheyareabsorbedinoneworkcantheydoitwell.

b.Theythinkonlywhentheyaredevotedtoonejobcantheydoitwell.

-集合名詞

1)a.EvenalotofentertainmentssuchasTV,recordingsandfilmsneedelectricity.

b.EvenalotofentertainmentsuchasTV,recordingsandfilmsneedelectricity.

-名詞前的數(shù)量

1)a.Agreatdealofnewsubjects,whichareactuallyderivedfrombothnaturalandsocial

science,hascomeintoexistenceandenrichtheseaofhumanknowledgegreatly.

b.Agreatnumberofnewsubjects,whichareactuallyderivedfrombothnaturalandsocial

science,hascomeintoexistenceandenrichedtheseaofhumanknowledgegreatly.

-用詞不當(dāng)

1)a.Theyhavelittlechancetofindjobs.

b.Theyhavelittlechancetofindwork.

2)a.Theydon'tgetequalpayforequaljob.

b.Theydon'tgetequalpayforequalwork.

3)a.Forexample,inreporting,areportercanuseit(taperecorder)insteadoftheoldmeans

ofwritingthemonanotebook.

b.Forexample,areportercanuseitininterviewsinsteadoftheoldmeansofwritingthem

onanotebook.

4)a.Furthermore,tapeswhichcontainsexandviolencewillleadyoungpeopleintoevil

waysanddoharmtotheirgrowth.

b.Furthermore,recordingswhichcontainsexandviolencewillleadyoungpeopleintoevil

waysanddoharmtotheirgrowth.

5)a.Withmoreandmorepeoplecomingintothisworld,humanbeingsarenowindanger

offoodshortagebecausethelandonwhichmancangrowriceremainsthesame.

b.Withmoreandmorepeoplecomingintothisworld,humanbeingsarenowindangerof

foodshortagebecausetheamountoflandonwhichmancangrowfoodcropsremainsthe

same.

6)a.Itcanlessenthecrowdingdegreeofstreetsandspeeduptheflowoftraffic.

b.Itcanlessenthecrowdednessofstreetsandspeeduptheflowoftraffic.

7)a.Inspiteofallthis,thegreenizationprogressisrelativelyslowcomparedwithcitiesin

othercountries.

b.Inspiteofallthis,thegreenprocessisrelativelyslowcomparedwithcitiesinother

countries.

8)a.Inthemeantime,thegrainrequirementinpeople'sdietconsequentlykeptdropping.

b.Inthemeantime,thegrainconsumptioninpeople'sdietconsequentlykeptdropping.

9)a.Withthedevelopmentofthestandardofliving,peoplenowcanaffordtobuymore

milkandmeatthanbefore.

b.Withtheimprovementofthestandardofliving,peoplenowcanaffordtobuymoremilk

andmeatthanbefore.

10)a.Twonewroadswerefinishedattheendoflastyear,andareexpectedtoopento

carssoon.

b.Twonewroadswerefinishedattheendoflastyear,andai,eexpectedtoopentotraffic

soon.

11)a.Therearemanyreasonswhichhavecausedsuchachange.

b.Therearemanyfactorswhichhavecausedsuchachange.

12)a.LearningEnglishisnotaneasything.

b.LearningEnglishisnotaneasytask.

13)a.Theywillpushoursocietytoahigherposition.

b.Theywillpushoursocietytoahigherlevelofdevelopment.

14)a.Throughparticipation,everyonecanlearnthatontheplaygroundhenotonly

competesforhimselfbutalsoforhisteam.

b.Throughparticipation,everyonecanlearnthatontheplayingfieldhenotonlycompetes

fbrhimselfbutalsoforhisteam.

15)a.Motorcyclesaremuchcheaperandconsumemuchlessoilthancars.

b.Motorcyclesaremuchcheaperandconsumemuchlessgasthancars.

16)a.Ibelieveonedaymotorcycleswillbecomethemostwidelyusedtrafficvehicles

inChina.

b.IbelieveonedaymotorcycleswillbecomethemostwidelyusedvehiclesinChina.

17)a.Motorcycles,asanewtypeoftraffic,isacceptedbymoreandmorepeople.

b.Motorcycles,asanewtypeofvehicle,areacceptedbymoreandmorepeople.

18)a.Andthemostimportantcharacterisitsfastrhythm.

b.Andthemostimportantcharacterisitsfastpace.

19)a.Ontheonehand,theinterviewercanintroducethemainthingofthejobhewill

providetotheinterviewee,suchasthespecificthingstheintervieweeshoulddoifhetakesthe

job,andtheconditionsfbrthejob,andthewageortheprofittheintervieweewillget.

b.Ontheonehand,theinterviewercanintroducethemainaspectsofthejobopeningtothe

interviewee,suchasthespecificrequirementsfbrthejob,theworkingconditions,andthe

wagesandbenefitstheintervieweewillget.

20)a.Now,whenapersonishuntingforajob,therewillalwaysbeajobinterview.

b.Todaywhenapersonishuntingforajob,therearealmostalwaysjobinterviews.

21)a.Incontrast,stillafewofciviliansexpectthegovernmenttocalloffthis

regulation.

b.However,therearestillafewcitizenswhoexpectthegovernmenttocalloffthisban.

22)a.Nowadays,therearetwo-dayweekendinChina.

b.Nowtherearetwo-dayweekendinChina.

23)a.However,somepeoplestillbelievethatfreshwaterisquiteadequatefbrus.

b.However,somepeoplestillbelievethatfreshwatersupplyisquiteadequateforus.

24)a.Youshouldpracticeunderthedirectionofateacher.

b.Youshouldbetrainedunderthedirectionofaninstructor.

25)a.Weignorethenaturallawscompletelyandwhatturnedoutwasanationwide

wasteofsources.

b.Weignorethenaturallawscompletelyandwhatturnedoutwasanationwidewasteof

resources.

26)a.Supposeastudentisexpectedtoshowupandgivehispresentationatclasssoon.

Heisinsuchahurrythathemayleavehispresentationathome.

b.Supposeastudentisexpectedtoshowupandgivehispresentationatclasssoon.Heisin

suchahurrythatheleaveshismanuscriptathome.

27)a.Ithinkapermanentpursuemeansnothingstagnant,becausewhatevercareeritis,

onceyoudevoteyourselftoit,itwillgiveyoupleasureandexcitement.

b.Ithinkapermanentpursuitmeansnothingwillbecomestagnant,becausewhatever

careeritis,onceyoudevoteyourselftoit,itcangiveyoupleasureandexcitement.

28)a.Themagicpoweroftheluckynumbersisjustthevisionsofsomepeople.

b.Themagicpoweroftheluckynumbersisjusttheillusionsofsomepeople.

29)a.Theyhopetheircallnumbers,carnumbersandothercodeswillincludethe

number“8”.

b.Theyhopetheircallnumbers,carnumbersandothercodeswillallincludethefigure8.

30)a.Somepeoplethinkthatcertainnumberswillbringgoodlucktothem.Withsuch

athought,theyalwayswanttogetluckynumberswhatevertheyaredoing.

b.Somepeoplethinkthatcertainnumberswillbringgoodlucktothem.Withsuchabelief,

theyalwayswanttogetluckynumberswhatevertheyaredoing.

-名詞的并列

1)a.Thisdirectlycausestheproblemoftheworld