高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit3Traveljournal學(xué)案新人教版必修

PAGEPAGE25Unit3Traveljournal一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認(rèn)就行(背誦時(shí)遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．journaln． 日記；雜志；定期刊物2．faren. 費(fèi)用3．routen. 路線；路途4．cyclevi. 騎自行車5．sourcen. 來源；水源6．rapidsn. 急流7．valleyn. (山)谷；流域8．pacevi. 緩慢而行；踱步n. 一步；速度；步調(diào)9．parceln. 小包；包裹10．insurancen. 保險(xiǎn)11．wooln. 羊毛；毛織品12．pillown. 枕頭；枕墊13．flamen. 火焰；光芒；熱情14．templen. 廟宇；寺廟15．caven. 洞穴；地窖(二)背重點(diǎn)單詞——寫對才行1．transportn. 運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸vt. 運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)送2．flowvi. 流動；流出n. 流動；流量3．persuadevt. 說服；勸說4．schedulen. 時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表vt. 為某事安排時(shí)間5．shortcomingn. 缺點(diǎn)6．stubbornadj. 頑固的；固執(zhí)的7．detailn. 細(xì)節(jié)；詳情8．journeyn. 旅行；旅程9．bendn. 彎；拐角vt. 使彎曲vi. 彎身；彎腰10．a(chǎn)ttituden. 態(tài)度；看法11．forecastn．&vt. 預(yù)測；預(yù)報(bào)12．viewn. 風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解vt. 觀看；注視；考慮13．beneathprep. 在……下面(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)→preferencen．偏愛；愛好2．a(chǎn)dvantagen．有利條件；優(yōu)勢→disadvantagen．不利條件；不便之處3．graduatevi.畢業(yè)n．大學(xué)畢業(yè)生→graduationn．畢業(yè)4．organizevt.組織；成立→organizern．組織者→organizationn．組織5．determinevt.決定；確定；下定決心→determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的→determinationn．決心6．relyvi.依靠；依賴→reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的7．finaladj.最后的→finallyadv.最后；終于[語境活用]1．Sheisadeterminedgirl,soweknowthatonceshehasdeterminedtodosomething,shewillmakeherdreamcometruewithgreatdetermination.(determine)2．Hejoinedtheorganizationwhichwasorganizedbyhisclassmatesassoonasitwassetup.(organize)3．Ateachershouldnotshowpreferenceforanyoneofhispupils,butmostteachersprefertomakefriendswiththepolitestudents.(prefer)4．MybrotherisagraduateinphysicsandhegraduatedfromBeijingUniversity.Hehasbeenworkinginafamouscompanysince(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)背詞條用法(1)prefer(sb.)todosth.寧愿(某人)做某事prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.喜歡(做)……勝過喜歡(做)……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(2prefertodo...ratherthando...,wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...))eq\a\vs4\al(寧愿做……,而不愿意做……)(3)haveapreferencefor對……偏愛背寫作佳句①NowadayssomechildrenprefersurfingtheInternetathometotakingexerciseoutdoors.如今一些孩子寧可待在家里上網(wǎng)，也不愿意到戶外進(jìn)行鍛煉。②Afterall,mostofkidsprefertobepraisedratherthanbescolded.畢竟，大多數(shù)的孩子都喜歡被表揚(yáng)而不是被批評。③(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Ihaveapreferenceforrunning,soItookpartinthecross-countryrunningrace.我喜歡跑步，所以我參加了這次越野賽跑。2．persuadevt.說服；勸說；使相信背詞條用法persuadesb.todosth./intodoingsth.服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth./outofdoingsth.說服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth./persuadesb.that...使某人相信……背寫作佳句①Heisverystubborn.Seldomcanhebepersuadedtodowhateverhedislikes.他很固執(zhí)，很少有人能說服他做他不喜歡做的任何事情。②Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatestoaccept/intoacceptingmyidea.我設(shè)法說服我的同學(xué)接受了我的主意。3．determinevt.決定；確定；(使)下定決心背詞條用法(1)determineon/upon(doing)sth.決定(做)某事determinetodosth.決定做某事(表示動作)(2)bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))背寫作佳句①Ihavedeterminedon/uponworkingasavolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.我已決定畢業(yè)后到農(nóng)村支教。②(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))WhentheepidemicofCOVID-19brokeout,hedeterminedtobecomeavolunteerwhoworkedasagateguardinourcommunity.當(dāng)新冠疫情爆發(fā)時(shí)，他決定成為一名志愿者，在我們社區(qū)擔(dān)任門衛(wèi)。4．viewn．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮背詞條用法(1)comeintoview看得見；進(jìn)入視野haveagoodviewof清楚地看到；飽覽inone'sview＝fromone'spointofview在某人看來(2)view...as...把……看作……背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Onthewaytothefarm,fantasticscenerycameintoview,andyoucouldimaginehowattractivethefarmwas.在去農(nóng)場的路上，奇景映入眼簾，你能想象到農(nóng)場是多么迷人。②Peoplecanhaveagoodviewofthecityfromthistower.人們可以從這個(gè)塔上飽覽該城市的風(fēng)光。(五)背短語詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．eversince 自從；自……以后2．befondof 喜愛；喜歡3．careabout 關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念4．changeone'smind 改變主意5．makeupone'smind 下決心；決定6．givein 投降；屈服；讓步7．a(chǎn)susual 照常8．a(chǎn)tmidnight 在午夜9．putup 張貼；搭建；舉手10．erestedin 使某人對……感興趣11．dreamabout/of 夢想12．feellike 想要；感覺像eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點(diǎn)短語拓展用活1．careabout關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念背相關(guān)短語carefor喜歡；照料takecare當(dāng)心takecareof照料；處理withcare小心；慎重背寫作佳句①Firstofall,Iwillhaveawarmfamilywherethememberswillloveeachotherandcareabouteachother.首先，我將有一個(gè)溫暖的家，在這里每位成員彼此關(guān)愛，相互關(guān)心。②Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.隨著人的平均壽命的延長，有越來越多的老人需要照顧。2．makeupone'smind下決心；決定背相關(guān)短語changeone'smind改變主意bear/keep...inmind記住……h(huán)ave...inmind考慮；打算fixone'smindon/upon將注意力集中于……readone'smind看出某人的心思背寫作佳句①(2020·天津高考書面表達(dá))Ihavemadeupmymindtostudyharderratherthanwasteprecioustimeonthoseuselessthings.我已下定決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí)而不是把寶貴的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在無用的事情上。②Alwayskeep/bearinmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.時(shí)刻謹(jǐn)記你的主要任務(wù)是使這家公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。③(2019·天津高考)Youreadmymind.That'sexactlywhatIwasthinkingtoo.你看出了我的心思。我也是這么想的。3．givein屈服；投降；讓步；上交背相關(guān)短語giveaway分發(fā)；贈送；泄露giveback歸還giveoff發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)giveout分發(fā)；用完；耗盡giveup放棄；停止背寫作佳句①Wewillnevergivein,whatevertheymightdoorsayaboutourplan.不管他們對我們的計(jì)劃做什么或說什么，我們都不會屈服。②Ifplasticandrubberareburnt,they'llgiveoffpoisonousgases.如果塑料和橡膠燃燒，它們會放出有毒氣體。③Janetriedtokeepupacalmappearance,buthertremblingvoicegaveheraway.簡盡力保持平靜的表情，但顫抖的聲音出賣了她。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.[insistthat...(should)dosth.“堅(jiān)持主張/堅(jiān)決要求……”]雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。佳句①(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Iinsistthatyou(should)bringanappropriategifttovisityourChinesefriend.我堅(jiān)持主張你應(yīng)該帶一件合適的禮物去拜訪你的中國朋友。佳句②Theteacherinsistedthateveryminute(should)bemadefulluseoftodotheworkwell.老師堅(jiān)持主張要充分利用每一分鐘來做好這項(xiàng)工作。2．WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.(“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu))當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會困難而且天氣很冷時(shí)，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。佳句①Eventhoughtheproblemwasdifficulttosolve，Ididn'tgiveup.BecauseIfirmlybelievedthat“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”盡管這個(gè)問題很難解決，但我并沒有放棄。因?yàn)槲覉?jiān)信，“有志者，事竟成?！奔丫洧赥hismachineisveryeasytooperate.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.這臺機(jī)器很容易操作。任何人都可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)學(xué)會使用它。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Whatattractstouristsmostisthespectacularviewofsunriseonthetopofit.最吸引游客的是山頂上壯麗的日出景色。2．Theplacehassometoptouristattractions,whichattractmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.這個(gè)地方有一些頂級的旅游景點(diǎn)，每年吸引數(shù)百萬游客。3．Onarrivingatthetopofthehill,weweredeeplyattractedbythebeautifulsceneryhere.一到達(dá)山頂，我們就深深地被這里美麗的風(fēng)景所吸引。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點(diǎn)——告知信(一)[題目要求](2020·天津7月高考)假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李津。你校于6月8日舉辦了成人禮活動，你的英國朋友Chris很想了解該活動。你于當(dāng)晚給Chris回一封電子郵件，介紹相關(guān)情況，內(nèi)容包括：(1)成人禮活動內(nèi)容(成長點(diǎn)滴回顧、觀看校友抗疫事跡錄像等)；(2)對活動的感受；(3)對自己未來的展望。注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫；(3)開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：成人禮thecoming-of-ageceremony新冠肺炎COVID-19DearChris，I'msogladtohearfromyou.[背范文]DearChris，I'msogladtohearfromyou.Inyourlastletter,I'velearnedthatyou'reveryinterestedinthecoming-of-ageceremonyheldinourschool.Thefollowingisabriefintroductiontotheceremony.TheceremonywasscheduledtobeheldonJune8,duringwhichwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.Wearealldeeplymovedbytheceremony,fromwhichwerealizethatthesenseofresponsibilityalwaysaccompaniestheprocessofourgrowth.Wearedeterminedtofollowtheexamplesofourexcellentschoolmatesandmakeourselvesusefultothewholesociety.Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.Whataboutyours?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiJin[學(xué)亮點(diǎn)]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開頭開頭首先表示對收到來信非常高興，接著介紹了寫信的背景和目的，然后用Thefollowingisabriefintroductiontotheceremony.一句進(jìn)行自然的過渡，為下文介紹學(xué)校的成人禮活動作了很好的鋪墊。3．學(xué)高級表達(dá)(1)使用了高級詞匯和語塊，如：schedule,battleagainst,bedeeplymoved,thesenseofresponsibility,accompany,bedeterminedto,followtheexamplesof等，提高了作文的檔次。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：過去分詞短語作定語heldinourschool；定語從句duringwhichwereviewedthepastevents...和fromwhichwerealize...；完全倒裝句Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.等，為作文增色不少，也彰顯了考生扎實(shí)的語言功底。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾本文結(jié)尾使用了常見結(jié)尾語Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.簡潔實(shí)用。5．防微點(diǎn)失分考生容易在“heldinourschool”前加上多余的is而導(dǎo)致語法錯(cuò)誤，或把“TheceremonywasscheduledtobeheldonJune8...”中的be漏掉，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點(diǎn)單詞的查漏補(bǔ)缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Fewpeopleclearlyexpressedtheirattitudes(態(tài)度)towardsthisplanatthemeeting.2．Thisriverflows(流)southwesttotheAtlanticOcean.3．Finally(最后),I'dliketothankallthosepeoplewhohelpedmaketheconferencesuchasuccess.4．Heissostubborn(固執(zhí)的)thatnoonecanpersuadehimtochangehismind.5．Ibent(彎身)downandpickedupthepenlyingontheroad.6．Youneedtodeterminehowtoorganize(組織)andpresentthedata.7．Thankstothemoderntransport(運(yùn)輸)system,alargenumberofpassengerscouldreturnhomefortheholiday.8．Expertshaveforecast(預(yù)測)asteadyriseinthenumberoftourists.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．(2020·浙江7月高考)Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.雜志；定期刊物2．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour. 速度3．Abigfirebrokeoutinthehotelatmidnightandtheflamesofthefirepouredoutthroughthewindow. 火焰4．Allbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceivefreetravelinsurancefortheentirefamily！ 保險(xiǎn)5．(熟詞生義)In2015,MelissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,heardabouttheBajau.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ) 研究生6．(熟詞生義)Advertisementspersuadeusthatnewerisbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts. 使……相信Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Johnisveryreliable(rely)—ifhepromisestodosomething,hewilldoit.2.Itwasyourbadattitudetowards/toyourworkthatmadeyourparentsupset.3．Theytalkedaboutitforhours.Finally(final),theydecidednottogo.4．Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization(organize)．5.Ifyoudon'tspeakgoodEnglish,you'llbeatabigdisadvantagewhenyoutrytogetajob.6．Thematterwillbeexplainedindetailinaseparateletter.Ⅳ.補(bǔ)全句子1．幸虧你們幫忙，我們才提前完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。(schedule)Thankstoyourhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.2．現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)能迅速處理大量的信息資料。(organize)Moderncomputerscanorganizelargeamountsofdataveryquickly.3．我們本以為他將有一個(gè)更負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度。(attitude)Wewouldhavethoughthewouldhaveamoreresponsibleattitude.4．我把他的名字和日期加上顏色，然后在下面添上了我自己的名字。(beneath)Icoloredinhisnameanddate,andthenaddedmyownnamebeneathit.5.我們應(yīng)努力改正我們學(xué)習(xí)中的缺點(diǎn)。(shortcoming)Weshouldtryourbesttocorrecttheshortcomingsinourstudy.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)attitudeto/toward(s)...“對……的態(tài)度”。(2)beatadisadvantage“處于不利地位”；betoone'sdisadvantage“對……不利”。(3)shortcoming意為“缺點(diǎn)”；strengthsandweaknesses意為“優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)”。[重點(diǎn)練——深化高頻考點(diǎn)]1．prefer[明其義]vt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Ipreferexercising/toexercise(exercise)athome,anditseemsthatIamalwaysgoingonadiet.②Manypeoplepreferlivinginthecountrytolivinginthecity.③HardlyhadIknownthatyouhaveapreference(prefer)forChinesechesswhenIdeterminedtoassistyouwithallmymight.(2)一句多譯她寧愿步行去上班也不愿開車。④Shepreferstowalktoworkratherthandriveacar.(prefertodo...ratherthando...)⑤Shewouldratherwalktoworkthandriveacar.(wouldratherdo...thando...)⑥Shewouldwalktoworkratherthandriveacar.(woulddo...ratherthando...)[解其困](1)prefer＝likebetter,因此prefer不能和比較級連用。(2)prefer不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，其過去式和過去分詞均為preferred。2．persuade[明其義]vt.說服；勸說；使相信[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Don'tletyourselfbepersuadedintobuying(buy)thingsyoudon'treallyneed.②Hetriedtopersuadehisfathertogive(give)upsmoking,butinvain.③Eventually,wepersuadedhimofthewisdomofthisdecision.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Wepersuadedhimoutofdevelopingthebadhabit.→Wepersuadedhimnottodevelopthebadhabit.[解其困]persuadesb.todosth.表示“說服某人做某事”；若表示試圖說服某人做某事而結(jié)果不一定成功時(shí)，則用trytopersuadesb.todosth.或advisesb.todosth.。3．determine[明其義]vt.決定；確定；(使)下定決心[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Shedeterminedtowork(work)twiceashardasbeforetomakeupforthelosttime.②We'vedeterminedon/uponstayingathomeduringtheholidays.③Onlythosewhohaveenoughcourageanddetermination(determine)canovercomedifficultytheymeetwith.(2)句式升級④(2017·天津高考書面表達(dá))I'mdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI'moccupiedinpreparingforit.→Determinedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,I'moccupiedinpreparingforit.(用分詞作狀語)[解其困]考查時(shí)常把determinedtodosth.作狀語的用法作為考查點(diǎn)，有類似用法的還有l(wèi)ostin,caughtin,absorbedin等。4．view[明其義]n．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮[通其用](1)寫出下列各句中view的含義①Heclimbeduptothetopofthetowertogetabetterviewoftheentirecity. 風(fēng)景②Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurelypersonalviewofhowwecanlivelifetothefull. 觀點(diǎn)；見解③Ifwesitnearthefrontofthebus,we'llhaveabetterview. 視野④Peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoviewherwork. 觀看(2)單句語法填空⑤Whentheoldmanopenedthewindow,astrangerwithahighhatcameintoview.⑥Whenthecarwasfirstmade,thedesignwasviewedashighlyoriginal.(3)翻譯句子⑦(2017·北京高考書面表達(dá))在泰山之巔，你可以飽覽美麗的日出。OnthetopofMount學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強(qiáng)化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.詞塊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練——選詞填空makeupone'smind，feellike，indetail，asusual，befondof，careabout，carefor，givein1.Mygrandfatherisawarm-heartedperson,andheisfondofgivingadvicetoallmyfriends.2.IusuallysleptinonSundays,butonthisparticularmorning,Ifeltlikegettingupearly.3．Brave,goodandstrong，Xiulianisthecharacterwecareaboutmost.4．Despiteherproblems,shecarriedonworkingasusual.5．Wediscussedtheplanindetailbeforedecidingtocarryitout.6．Herwholelifewasdevotedtocaringforthesickandneedy.7．Itisoftenthehusbandwhogivesinfirstwhenaquarrelbreaksoutbetweentheyoungcouple.8.Aftergraduationfromcollege,theymadeuptheirmindstogoandsettleinthecountryside.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)befondof和feellike后接動詞時(shí)，要用動名詞形式。(2)makeupone'smind中的名詞mind有單復(fù)數(shù)的變化，根據(jù)one's的單復(fù)數(shù)來確定mind的單復(fù)數(shù)。Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)對對碰——辨析比較1．careforVScareabout比較①Butnowwe'restrongerandwedon'tcareaboutwhatpeoplesay.②Whiledoingthebusinesssheishavingtwoyoungchildrentocarefor.辨清(1)careabout和carefor在表示“關(guān)心，擔(dān)心”時(shí)，用法是一樣的，可以通用。(2)在表示“在乎，在意”時(shí)，要用careabout，后面一般接表示事物的詞。(3)在表示“照料；喜歡”時(shí)，要用carefor。2．giveinVSgiveinto比較①ItiswellknownthattheChinesepeoplewillnevergiveintothedisasters.②Thechildrenwererequiredtogiveintheirexaminationpapersimmediately.辨清givein作“上交”講時(shí)，為及物動詞，其后可直接接賓語；作“讓步；投降”講時(shí)，為不及物動詞，后加介詞to，再接賓語。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中putup的含義)①Iwashopingmyfriendcouldputmeupforafewdays. 收留②Theteacherputuptheexamresult. 張貼③Iputupmyhandandaskedtoleavetheroom. 舉起④Weliveinabuildingputupin1997. 建造[句式的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)](一)insistthat...(should)dosth.“堅(jiān)持主張/堅(jiān)決要求……”[通其用]1．補(bǔ)全句子①Thedoctorinsistedthatshewasseriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperatedonimmediately.醫(yī)生堅(jiān)持說她病得很重，堅(jiān)決要求應(yīng)該立即動手術(shù)。②Themaninsistedon/uponfindingataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.盡管我告訴他我住在附近，那個(gè)人還是堅(jiān)持要幫我找輛出租車。2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換③ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedthatheshoulddrivemethere.→ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedon/upondrivingmethere.[解其困](1)insist作“堅(jiān)決要求；堅(jiān)持主張”講時(shí)，同demand,request,require等，后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”，should可省略；作“堅(jiān)持說；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，其后的從句用陳述語氣。(2)insiston/upon(sb./sb.'s)(doing)sth.堅(jiān)持要求(某人)(做)某事(二)“主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)[通其用]1．補(bǔ)全句子①Today'shomeworkwaseasytodo,soMikefinisheditquicklyandwentouttoplay.今天的作業(yè)很容易做，所以邁克很快就做完了，出去玩了。②WhileLiPingisnotatalkativegirl,sheisnotdifficulttogetalongwith.雖然李萍不健談，但與她相處不難。③Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortabletositon.這把椅子看上去很硬，但事實(shí)上坐在上面很舒服。2．翻譯句子④在一年的四個(gè)季節(jié)中，夏天是我最喜歡的。早晨的空氣呼吸起來棒極了。Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavorite.Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.[解其困]“主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。使用此結(jié)構(gòu)須具備兩個(gè)前提條件：(1)不定式和句子的主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系；(2)常用形容詞有：difficult,hard,easy,comfortable,good,interesting,exciting等。注意：不定式和句子的主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系；若不定式為不及物動詞，其后應(yīng)該加相應(yīng)的介詞。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價(jià)值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標(biāo)主題：自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalist①onyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind②.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(時(shí)裝)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海貍鼠)．[2]UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear，”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.[3]eq\o(ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopay,\s\do4(1))huntersD|S5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.[4]NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物種).It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.It'sthemorus，”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.[5]Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,but③whenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.[6]BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit'snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen④，buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.[7]Thenthere'sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat'sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She'stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly⑤.,①構(gòu)詞法——名詞后綴-ist意為“……者/家”environmentalistn．環(huán)保主義者ecologistn.生態(tài)學(xué)家scientistn.科學(xué)家biologistn.生物學(xué)家naturalistn.自然主義者②微積累——crossone'smindsth.crosssb.'smind意為“(想法等)掠過心頭，出現(xiàn)在腦?！?，相當(dāng)于sth.occurtosb.或sth.hit/strikesb.通句式——so...that...句子(1)中含有so...that...句型，其中that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此……以至于……”。③微技法——根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系猜測詞義：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可推知后面的情況與前面相反，結(jié)合前句Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades可推知，在20世紀(jì)80年代末海貍鼠毛皮制品市場崩潰(collapse)了。④微積累——熟詞生義：greenadj.綠色的n．綠色(熟義)adj.環(huán)保的；缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的(生義)greenhand新手⑤微積累——-friendly的合成詞eco-friendlyadj.對環(huán)境無害的；環(huán)保的environment-friendlyadj.環(huán)保的；有利環(huán)境的user-friendlyadj.方便非專業(yè)用戶的；便于使用的[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]28．WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A．Topromoteguilt-freefur.B．Toexpandthefashionmarket.C．Tointroduceanewbrand.D．Tocelebrateawinterholiday.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafur...‘Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur...everyyear’”可知，時(shí)裝秀的意圖是推廣海貍鼠毛皮服裝，消除人們對于使用海貍鼠毛皮制品的愧疚感。故選A。29．Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A．Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B．Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C．Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D．Nutriaareillegallyhunted.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“thenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”以及第四段中的“Theecosystem...It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.”可知，因?yàn)楹Ｘ偸笃茐臐竦剡M(jìn)而對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了嚴(yán)重破壞，所以科學(xué)家對它們很擔(dān)心。故選A。30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?A．Boomed. B．Becamemature.C．Remainedstable. D．Crashed.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades”可知，幾十年來，毛皮貿(mào)易使海貍鼠(的數(shù)量)處于控制之下。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy”可知，這種貓大小的動物瘋狂地繁殖。由此可推知，20世紀(jì)80年代末海貍鼠市場崩潰了。collapse的意思應(yīng)是“垮掉”，故選D。31．WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A．It'sformal. B．It'srisky.C．It'sharmful. D．It'straditional.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoption...amassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”可知，在紐約，穿毛皮衣服是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選B。[為什么考·有何價(jià)值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第28題主要考查學(xué)生的邏輯性思維。第一段最后一句說一些生態(tài)學(xué)家和時(shí)尚愛好者正試圖讓海貍鼠皮毛重回市場。接下來第二段中就提到新奧爾良和布魯克林時(shí)裝秀展示了由海貍鼠毛皮制成的不同風(fēng)格的衣服。RighteousFur的項(xiàng)目總監(jiān)CreeMeCree說，“如果你不明白海貍鼠每年都在破壞大片濕地，那么毫無愧疚感地談?wù)摵Ｘ偸竺ぶ破仿犉饋砭秃墀偪瘛！庇纱丝芍?，這兩場時(shí)裝秀的目的是推廣海貍鼠毛皮服裝，消除人們對于使用海貍鼠毛皮制品的愧疚感。二、聚焦核心價(jià)值本文主要介紹了在新奧爾良和布魯克林舉辦的特殊時(shí)裝秀上，展示了由海貍鼠毛皮制成的時(shí)裝，人們對穿著由海貍鼠毛皮制成的皮衣的人們抱有偏見，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這一行為是傷害了動物。但是也有一部分生態(tài)學(xué)家和時(shí)尚愛好者們正試圖把海貍鼠的毛皮重新帶回市場，因?yàn)榇罅糠毖艿暮Ｘ偸蠼o生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了極大的危害。本文啟發(fā)考生運(yùn)用批判性思維和辯證思維思考社會生活中的現(xiàn)象和問題，激發(fā)學(xué)生深入思考，關(guān)注自然和生態(tài)，探索人與自然的和諧相處之道。借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hislifeasahunter(hunt)cametoanabruptend10yearsago.2．Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspecies(species)fromextinction.3．Thebuildingwascompletelydestroyed(destroy)inthebigfire.4．Childreneasilyidentifywithrewards,sothisisagoodwaytokeeptheirbehaviorincheck.5．Itispossibletomultiply(multiply)bacteriaandotherlivingorganismsinthelaboratory.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．Thesewordsoftencrossmymind/occurredtome(出現(xiàn)在腦海)wheneverIwriteapoem.2．Iwassoexcited(如此興奮)thatIcouldn'twaittotrymyhandatridingthebicycle.3．Theyarealwaystoobusytohelpagreenhand(新手)likeme.Ⅲ.分析長難句1．“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear，”saysCreeMeCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個(gè)含有一個(gè)條件狀語從句和賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句中It是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式短語“totalkaboutguilt-freefur”。unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作understand的賓語；“projectdirectorofRighteousFur”作CreeMeCree的同位語。[句意翻譯]“如果你不明白海貍鼠每年都在破壞大片濕地，那么毫無愧疚感地談?wù)撁ぶ破仿犉饋砭秃墀偪?，”RighteousFur的項(xiàng)目主管CreeMcCree說。2．DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是含有一個(gè)賓語從句和一個(gè)同位語從句的主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干是“DesignerJenniferAndersonadmits”；“(that)...ittookher...”是賓語從句，其中it作形式主語，“tocomearoundtotheopinion...”是真正的主語；賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，對opinion作進(jìn)一步解釋說明。[句意翻譯]設(shè)計(jì)師詹妮弗·安德森承認(rèn)，她花了一段時(shí)間才接受了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即用海貍鼠毛皮制作自己的作品在道德上是可以接受的。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你是李華，你通過一篇文章了解到越來越多的動物由于人類活動影響而瀕臨滅絕。于是你決定給WWF(世界自然保護(hù)基金組織)寫一封信，請他們關(guān)注這一情況并提出你認(rèn)為行之有效的建議，呼吁人們都來保護(hù)野生動物。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：DearSirorMadam，I'mLiHuaastudentfromChina.Iamwritingtotellyouthatmoreandmorewildanimalsarebecomingextinctbecauseofhumanactivities.Therefore,Ihopeyoucantakesomeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthem.Mysuggestionisthatyoushouldfinancesomeprogrammestomakepeopleawareoftheserioussituationofwildanimalsandprotectthem.Inaddition,Ibelieveifwehumanbeingsunitedasone,nothingisimpossible.Iwouldappreciateitgreatlyifyoucantakeactionatonce.Meanwhile,Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyouassoonaspossible.Yourssincerely,LiHua課下主題訓(xùn)練自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①crowd □ ②tour □③destination □ ④fountain □⑤monument □ ⑥wonderful □⑦attractive □ ⑧convenient □⑨security □ ⑩reservation □?arrange □ ?accommodation□?agency □ ?baggage □?luggage □ ?arrive □ ?reception □ ?historical □?comfortable □ ?fantastic □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)historical，destination，fountain，monument，reservation，accommodation，agency，fantastic，reception，security1．Hewenttothedesktoinquireandmadeareservation.2．Thewaterofthefountainplayedonthechildren'sfaces.3．Afundwaslaunchedtosetupamonumentinmemoryofthedead.4．Iamsurethatthismeetingwillcontributetotheimprovementofpeaceandsecurityallovertheworld.5．Thegovernmentwillhavetocreateaspecialagencytoundertakesmallbusinessloans.6．Don'tsayanythingandjustgetreadytohittheroadwithfantasticmood.7．Theyarelivingintemporaryaccommodationwhiletheirapartmentisbeingrepaired.8．Assoonasyouarriveatyourdestination,stepoutoftheaircraftandresetyourwristwatch.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．I'mlookingforwardtoyourarrival(arrive)andjoiningmeinexperiencingitinthenearfuture.2．Ifyoulike,ourschool'sdramaclubwillperformthelocaloperaforyou.Weareeagertoknowifourarrangements(arrange)willsatisfyyou.3．Shespentanhourmakingupbeforethepartytolookmoreattractive(attract)．4．Ifullyunderstandwhywearenotcomfortable(comfort)aboutit,butthere'snoneedtofeeltoosad.5．Givemeachance,andI'llgiveyouawonderful(wonder)surprise.6．Shopswerecrowded(crowd)withcustomerslookingoverthecolourfuldisplays.7．It'smypleasuretorecommendsometourist(tour)attractionstoyou.8．Theshopassistantssellgoodsfromdoortodoorfortheconvenience(convenient)ofthemasses.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Istartedtoworkasaneditorforatravelmagazine.Ididn'treallymindthework,butIwantedsomethingmorechallenging.Mysistersentmesomedetailsforapositioninastart-up.Thejobwasaseeminglyperfectmixofmyskillsandinterests,soIjumpedatit.However,soonafterIjoinedthecompany,itsmodelchangedtofocusonK-12education,andeverythingaboutmypositionchanged.Iwasaskedtotakeonthecompletelydifferentrolesofsellingcontentstoteachersandtrainingpeople.Ihadnoexperienceinsales,trainingoreducation.Ontopofthat,I'manintrovert(內(nèi)向的人).Ifeltmorealittleoutsidemycomfortzone.IknewIwantedtogrowasanindividualandmakeaseriousimpactonthecompany.ItoldmyselfthateverythingfeelsoverwhelmingatfirstandIshouldatleasttry.Inaway,IfeltlikeIdidn'thaveachoice.Iknewjumpingoutofthenestwastherightthingforme,eventhoughitfeltprettyawful.Iwasfortunatetobesurroundedbyveryhelpfulpeople,bothatworkandathome.MybossneveraskedifIthoughtIcoulddoit;sheaskedifIwasinterestedintrying.Ispenthoursresearchingmycompany'sproducts.Iaskedlotsofq