化工術語中英文對照

中英文對照BET公式BETformulaDLVO理論DLVOtheoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophilebalancemethodpVT性質pVTpropertyζ電勢zetapotential阿伏加德羅常數(shù)Avogadro’number阿伏加德羅定律Avogadrolaw阿累尼烏斯電離理論Arrheniusionizationtheory阿累尼烏斯方程Arrheniusequation阿累尼烏斯活化能Arrheniusactivationenergy阿馬格定律Amagatlaw艾林方程Eryingequation愛因斯坦光化當量定律Einstein’slawofphotochemicalequivalence愛因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokesequation安托萬常數(shù)Antoineconstant安托萬方程Antoineequation盎薩格電導理論Onsager’stheoryofconductance半電池halfcell半衰期halftimeperiod飽和液體saturatedliquids飽和蒸氣saturatedvapor飽和吸附量saturatedextentofadsorption飽和蒸氣壓saturatedvaporpressure爆炸界限explosionlimits比表面功specificsurfacework比表面吉布斯函數(shù)specificsurfaceGibbsfunction比濃粘度reducedviscosity標準電動勢standardelectromotiveforce標準電極電勢standardelectrodepotential標準摩爾反應焓standardmolarreactionenthalpy標準摩爾反應吉布斯函數(shù)standardGibbsfunctionofmolarreaction標準摩爾反應熵standardmolarreactionentropy標準摩爾焓函數(shù)standardmolarenthalpyfunction標準摩爾吉布斯自由能函數(shù)standardmolarGibbsfreeenergyfunction標準摩爾燃燒焓standardmolarcombustionenthalpy標準摩爾熵standardmolarentropy標準摩爾生成焓standardmolarformationenthalpy標準摩爾生成吉布斯函數(shù)standardmolarformationGibbsfunction標準平衡常數(shù)standardequilibriumconstant標準氫電極standardhydrogenelectrode標準態(tài)standardstate標準熵standardentropy標準壓力standardpressure標準狀況standardcondition表觀活化能apparentactivationenergy表觀摩爾質量apparentmolecularweight表觀遷移數(shù)apparenttransferencenumber表面surfaces表面過程控制surfaceprocesscontrol表面活性劑surfactants表面吸附量surfaceexcess表面張力surfacetension表面質量作用定律surfacemassactionlaw波義爾定律Boylelaw波義爾溫度Boyletemperature波義爾點Boylepoint玻爾茲曼常數(shù)Boltzmannconstant玻爾茲曼分布Boltzmanndistribution玻爾茲曼公式Boltzmannformula玻爾茲曼熵定理Boltzmannentropytheorem玻色－愛因斯坦統(tǒng)計Bose-Einsteinstatistics泊Poise不可逆過程irreversibleprocess不可逆過程熱力學thermodynamicsofirreversibleprocesses不可逆相變化irreversiblephasechange布朗運動brownianmovement查理定律Charle’slaw產(chǎn)率yield敞開系統(tǒng)opensystem超電勢overpotential沉降sedimentation沉降電勢sedimentationpotential沉降平衡sedimentationequilibrium觸變thixotropy粗分散系統(tǒng)thickdispersesystem催化劑catalyst單分子層吸附理論monomoleculelayeradsorption單分子反應unimolecularreaction單鏈反應straightchainreactions彈式量熱計bombcalorimeter道爾頓定律Daltonlaw道爾頓分壓定律Daltonpartialpressurelaw德拜和法爾肯哈根效應DebyeandFalkenhageneffect德拜立方公式Debyecubicformula德拜－休克爾極限公式Debye-Huckel’slimitingequation等焓過程isenthalpicprocess等焓線isenthalpicline等幾率定理theoremofequalprobability等溫等容位Helmholtzfreeenergy等溫等壓位Gibbsfreeenergy等溫方程equationatconstanttemperature低共熔點eutecticpoint低共熔混合物eutecticmixture低會溶點lowerconsolutepoint低熔冰鹽合晶cryohydric第二類永動機perpetualmachineofthesecondkind第三定律熵third-lawentropy第壹類永動機perpetualmachineofthefirstkind締合化學吸附associationchemicaladsorption電池常數(shù)cellconstant電池電動勢electromotiveforceofcells電池反應cellreaction電導conductance電導率conductivity電動勢的溫度系數(shù)temperaturecoefficientofelectromotiveforce電動電勢zetapotential電功electricwork電化學electrochemistry電化學極化electrochemicalpolarization電極電勢electrodepotential電極反應reactionsontheelectrode電極種類typeofelectrodes電解池electrolyticcell電量計coulometer電流效率currentefficiency電遷移electromigration電遷移率electromobility電滲electroosmosis電滲析electrodialysis電泳electrophoresis丁達爾效應Dyndalleffect定容摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityunderconstantvolume定容溫度計ConstantvoIumethermometer定壓摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityunderconstantpressure定壓溫度計constantpressurethermometer定域子系統(tǒng)localizedparticlesystem動力學方程kineticequations動力學控制kineticscontrol獨立子系統(tǒng)independentparticlesystem對比摩爾體積reducedmolevolume對比體積reducedvolume對比溫度reducedtemperature對比壓力reducedpressure對稱數(shù)symmetrynumber對行反應reversiblereactions對應狀態(tài)原理principleofcorrespondingstate多方過程polytropicprocess多分子層吸附理論adsorptiontheoryofmulti-molecularlayers二級反應secondorderreaction二級相變secondorderphasechange法拉第常數(shù)faradayconstant法拉第定律Faraday’slaw反電動勢backE.M.F.反滲透reverseosmosis反應分子數(shù)molecularity反應級數(shù)reactionorders反應進度extentofreaction反應熱heatofreaction反應速率rateofreaction反應速率常數(shù)constantofreactionrate范德華常數(shù)vanderWaalsconstant范德華方程vanderWaalsequation范德華力vanderWaalsforce范德華氣體vanderWaalsgases范特霍夫方程van’tHoffequation范特霍夫規(guī)則van’tHoffrule范特霍夫滲透壓公式van’tHoffequationofosmoticpressure非基元反應non-elementaryreactions非體積功non-volumework非依時計量學反應timeindependentstoichiometricreactions菲克擴散第壹定律Fick’sfirstlawofdiffusion沸點boilingpoint沸點升高elevationofboilingpoint費米－狄拉克統(tǒng)計Fermi-Diracstatistics分布distribution分布數(shù)distributionnumbers分解電壓decompositionvoltage分配定律distributionlaw分散系統(tǒng)dispersesystem分散相dispersionphase分體積partialvolume分體積定律partialvolumelaw分壓partialpressure分壓定律partialpressurelaw分子反應力學mechanicsofmolecularreactions分子間力intermolecularforce分子蒸餾moleculardistillation封閉系統(tǒng)closedsystem附加壓力excesspressure弗羅因德利希吸附經(jīng)驗式Freundlichempiricalformulaofadsorption負極negativepole負吸附negativeadsorption復合反應compositereaction蓋·呂薩克定律Gay-Lussaclaw蓋斯定律Hesslaw甘汞電極calomelelectrode感膠離子序lyotropicseries杠桿規(guī)則leverrule高分子溶液macromolecularsolution高會溶點upperconsolutepoint隔離法theisolationmethod格羅塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’slaw隔離系統(tǒng)isolatedsystem根均方速率root-mean-squarespeed功work功函workcontent共軛溶液conjugatesolution共沸溫度azeotropictemperature構型熵configurationalentropy孤立系統(tǒng)isolatedsystem固溶膠solidsol固態(tài)混合物solidsolution固相線solidphaseline光反應photoreaction光化學第二定律thesecondlawofactinochemistry光化學第壹定律thefirstlawofactinochemistry光敏反應photosensitizedreactions光譜熵spectrumentropy廣度性質extensiveproperty廣延量extensivequantity廣延性質extensiveproperty規(guī)定熵stipulatedentropy過飽和溶液oversaturatedsolution過飽和蒸氣oversaturatedvapor過程process過渡狀態(tài)理論transitionstatetheory過冷水super-cooledwater過冷液體overcooledliquid過熱液體overheatedliquid亥姆霍茲函數(shù)Helmholtzfunction亥姆霍茲函數(shù)判據(jù)Helmholtzfunctioncriterion亥姆霍茲自由能Helmholtzfreeenergy亥氏函數(shù)Helmholtzfunction焓enthalpy亨利常數(shù)Henryconstant亨利定律Henrylaw恒沸混合物constantboilingmixture恒容摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityatconstantvolume恒容熱heatatconstantvolume恒外壓constantexternalpressure恒壓摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityatconstantpressure恒壓熱heatatconstantpressure化學動力學chemicalkinetics化學反應計量式stoichiometricequationofchemicalreaction化學反應計量系數(shù)stoichiometriccoefficientofchemicalreaction化學反應進度extentofchemicalreaction化學親合勢chemicalaffinity化學熱力學chemicalthermodynamics化學勢chemicalpotential化學勢判據(jù)chemicalpotentialcriterion化學吸附chemisorptions環(huán)境environment環(huán)境熵變entropychangeinenvironment揮發(fā)度volatility混合熵entropyofmixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activationcontrol活化絡合物理論activatedcomplextheory活化能activationenergy霍根-華森圖Hougen-WatsonChart基態(tài)能級energylevelatgroundstate基?；舴蚬終irchhoffformula基元反應elementaryreactions積分溶解熱integrationheatofdissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhemequation吉布斯－亥姆霍茲方程Gibbs-Helmhotzequation吉布斯函數(shù)Gibbsfunction吉布斯函數(shù)判據(jù)Gibbsfunctioncriterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbsadsorptionformula吉布斯自由能Gibbsfreeenergy敞開系統(tǒng)opensystem超電勢overpotential沉降sedimentation沉降電勢sedimentationpotential沉降平衡sedimentationequilibrium觸變thixotropy粗分散系統(tǒng)thickdispersesystem催化劑catalyst單分子層吸附理論monomoleculelayeradsorption單分子反應unimolecularreaction單鏈反應straightchainreactions彈式量熱計bombcalorimeter道爾頓定律Daltonlaw道爾頓分壓定律Daltonpartialpressurelaw德拜和法爾肯哈根效應DebyeandFalkenhageneffect德拜立方公式Debyecubicformula德拜－休克爾極限公式Debye-Huckel’slimitingequation等焓過程isenthalpicprocess等焓線isenthalpicline等幾率定理theoremofequalprobability等溫等容位Helmholtzfreeenergy等溫等壓位Gibbsfreeenergy等溫方程equationatconstanttemperature低共熔點eutecticpoint低共熔混合物eutecticmixture低會溶點lowerconsolutepoint低熔冰鹽合晶cryohydric第二類永動機perpetualmachineofthesecondkind第三定律熵third-lawentropy第壹類永動機perpetualmachineofthefirstkind締合化學吸附associationchemicaladsorption電池常數(shù)cellconstant電池電動勢electromotiveforceofcells電池反應cellreaction電導conductance電導率conductivity電動勢的溫度系數(shù)temperaturecoefficientofelectromotiveforce電動電勢zetapotential電功electricwork電化學electrochemistry電化學極化electrochemicalpolarization電極電勢electrodepotential電極反應reactionsontheelectrode電極種類typeofelectrodes電解池electrolyticcell電量計coulometer電流效率currentefficiency電遷移electromigration電遷移率electromobility電滲electroosmosis電滲析electrodialysis電泳electrophoresis丁達爾效應Dyndalleffect定容摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityunderconstantvolume定容溫度計ConstantvoIumethermometer定壓摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityunderconstantpressure定壓溫度計constantpressurethermometer定域子系統(tǒng)localizedparticlesystem動力學方程kineticequations動力學控制kineticscontrol獨立子系統(tǒng)independentparticlesystem對比摩爾體積reducedmolevolume對比體積reducedvolume對比溫度reducedtemperature對比壓力reducedpressure對稱數(shù)symmetrynumber對行反應reversiblereactions對應狀態(tài)原理principleofcorrespondingstate多方過程polytropicprocess多分子層吸附理論adsorptiontheoryofmulti-molecularlayers二級反應secondorderreaction二級相變secondorderphasechange法拉第常數(shù)faradayconstant法拉第定律Faraday’slaw反電動勢backE.M.F.反滲透reverseosmosis反應分子數(shù)molecularity反應級數(shù)reactionorders反應進度extentofreaction反應熱heatofreaction反應速率rateofreaction反應速率常數(shù)constantofreactionrate范德華常數(shù)vanderWaalsconstant范德華方程vanderWaalsequation范德華力vanderWaalsforce范德華氣體vanderWaalsgases范特霍夫方程van’tHoffequation范特霍夫規(guī)則van’tHoffrule范特霍夫滲透壓公式van’tHoffequationofosmoticpressure非基元反應non-elementaryreactions非體積功non-volumework非依時計量學反應timeindependentstoichiometricreactions菲克擴散第壹定律Fick’sfirstlawofdiffusion沸點boilingpoint沸點升高elevationofboilingpoint費米－狄拉克統(tǒng)計Fermi-Diracstatistics分布distribution分布數(shù)distributionnumbers分解電壓decompositionvoltage分配定律distributionlaw分散系統(tǒng)dispersesystem分散相dispersionphase分體積partialvolume分體積定律partialvolumelaw分壓partialpressure分壓定律partialpressurelaw分子反應力學mechanicsofmolecularreactions分子間力intermolecularforce分子蒸餾moleculardistillation封閉系統(tǒng)closedsystem附加壓力excesspressure弗羅因德利希吸附經(jīng)驗式Freundlichempiricalformulaofadsorption負極negativepole負吸附negativeadsorption復合反應compositereaction蓋·呂薩克定律Gay-Lussaclaw蓋斯定律Hesslaw甘汞電極calomelelectrode感膠離子序lyotropicseries杠桿規(guī)則leverrule高分子溶液macromolecularsolution高會溶點upperconsolutepoint隔離法theisolationmethod格羅塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’slaw隔離系統(tǒng)isolatedsystem根均方速率root-mean-squarespeed功work功函workcontent共軛溶液conjugatesolution共沸溫度azeotropictemperature構型熵configurationalentropy孤立系統(tǒng)isolatedsystem固溶膠solidsol固態(tài)混合物solidsolution固相線solidphaseline光反應photoreaction光化學第二定律thesecondlawofactinochemistry光化學第壹定律thefirstlawofactinochemistry光敏反應photosensitizedreactions光譜熵spectrumentropy廣度性質extensiveproperty廣延量extensivequantity廣延性質extensiveproperty規(guī)定熵stipulatedentropy過飽和溶液oversaturatedsolution過飽和蒸氣oversaturatedvapor過程process過渡狀態(tài)理論transitionstatetheory過冷水super-cooledwater過冷液體overcooledliquid過熱液體overheatedliquid亥姆霍茲函數(shù)Helmholtzfunction亥姆霍茲函數(shù)判據(jù)Helmholtzfunctioncriterion亥姆霍茲自由能Helmholtzfreeenergy亥氏函數(shù)Helmholtzfunction焓enthalpy亨利常數(shù)Henryconstant亨利定律Henrylaw恒沸混合物constantboilingmixture恒容摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityatconstantvolume恒容熱heatatconstantvolume恒外壓constantexternalpressure恒壓摩爾熱容molarheatcapacityatconstantpressure恒壓熱heatatconstantpressure化學動力學chemicalkinetics化學反應計量式stoichiometricequationofchemicalreaction化學反應計量系數(shù)stoichiometriccoefficientofchemicalreaction化學反應進度extentofchemicalreaction化學親合勢chemicalaffinity化學熱力學chemicalthermodynamics化學勢chemicalpotential化學勢判據(jù)chemicalpotentialcriterion化學吸附chemisorptions環(huán)境environment環(huán)境熵變entropychangeinenvironment揮發(fā)度volatility混合熵entropyofmixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activationcontrol活化絡合物理論activatedcomplextheory活化能activationenergy霍根-華森圖Hougen-WatsonChart基態(tài)能級energylevelatgroundstate基?；舴蚬終irchhoffformula基元反應elementaryreactions積分溶解熱integrationheatofdissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhemequation吉布斯－亥姆霍茲方程Gibbs-Helmhotzequation吉布斯函數(shù)Gibbsfunction吉布斯函數(shù)判據(jù)Gibbsfunctioncriterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbsadsorptionformula吉布斯自由能Gibbsfreeenergy吉氏函數(shù)Gibbsfunction極化電極電勢polarizationpotentialofelectrode極化曲線polarizationcurves極化作用polarization極限摩爾電導率limitingmolarconductivity幾率因子stericfactor計量式stoichiometricequation計量系數(shù)stoichiometriccoefficient價數(shù)規(guī)則ruleofvalence簡且度degeneracy鍵焓bondenthalpy膠凍brothjelly膠核colloidalnucleus膠凝作用demulsification膠束micelle膠體colloid膠體分散系統(tǒng)dispersionsystemofcolloid膠體化學collochemistry膠體粒子colloidalparticles膠團micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-湯姆生實驗Joule-Thomsonexperiment焦耳-湯姆生系數(shù)Joule-Thomsoncoefficient焦耳-湯姆生效應Joule-Thomsoneffect焦耳定律Joule'slaw接觸電勢contactpotential接觸角contactangle節(jié)流過程throttlingprocess節(jié)流膨脹throttlingexpansion節(jié)流膨脹系數(shù)coefficientofthrottlingexpansion結線tieline結晶熱heatofcrystallization解離化學吸附dissociationchemicaladsorption界面interfaces界面張力surfacetension浸濕immersionwetting浸濕功immersionwettingwork精餾rectify聚（合）電解質polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulationvalue絕對反應速率理論absolutereactionratetheory絕對熵absoluteentropy絕對溫標absolutetemperaturescale絕熱過程adiabaticprocess絕熱量熱計adiabaticcalorimeter絕熱指數(shù)adiabaticindex卡諾定理Carnottheorem卡諾循環(huán)Carnotcycle開爾文公式Kelvinformula柯諾瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbslaw科爾勞施離子獨立運動定律Kohlrausch’sLawofIndependentMigrationofIons可能的電解質potentialelectrolyte可逆電池reversiblecell可逆過程reversibleprocess可逆過程方程reversibleprocessequation可逆體積功reversiblevolumework可逆相變reversiblephasechange克拉佩龍方程Clapeyronequation克勞修斯不等式Clausiusinequality克勞修斯－克拉佩龍方程Clausius-Clapeyronequation控制步驟controlstep庫侖計coulometer擴散控制diffusioncontrolled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’sequation拉烏爾定律Raoultlaw蘭格繆爾－欣謝爾伍德機理Langmuir-Hinshelwoodmechanism蘭格繆爾吸附等溫式Langmuiradsorptionisothermformula雷利公式Rayleighequation冷凍系數(shù)coefficientofrefrigeration冷卻曲線coolingcurve離解熱heatofdissociation離解壓力dissociationpressure離域子系統(tǒng)non-localizedparticlesystems離子的標準摩爾生成焓standardmolarformationofion離子的電遷移率mobilityofions離子的遷移數(shù)transportnumbero