Unit 2 Healthy eating 基礎(chǔ)詞匯導(dǎo)學(xué)案- 高中英語人教新課標(biāo)必修三

新人教英語必修三unit2導(dǎo)學(xué)案（二）Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)1．dietn．日常飲食vi.節(jié)食be/goonadietputsb.onadiet用規(guī)定的食譜，控制飲食adietofsth.多得令人生厭的事物[即學(xué)即練1](1)___________________________isnotgoodforyou.太油膩的食物對你不利。(2)ThedoctorsallsuggestI_______________________.醫(yī)生們都建議我節(jié)食。Toorichadietgoonadiet比較：diet既可指習(xí)慣上常用的食品，又可指規(guī)定的食物，特指維持健康的定質(zhì)定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用語，指任何能吃的且有營養(yǎng)的東西。2．balancevt.&vi.&n.平衡balancedadj.平穩(wěn)的，安定的，和諧的inthebalance懸而未決thebalanceofforces力量對比outofbalance失去平衡keepone'sbalance保持平衡，保持鎮(zhèn)靜loseone'sbalance失去平衡，失去鎮(zhèn)靜throwsb.offthebalance使某人失去平衡，使某人慌亂balancethegoodandevilofthings權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩方面[即學(xué)即練2](1)Wemust______________thegoodandevilofthings.我們必須權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩個(gè)方面。(2)Theacrobat__________________onthehighrope.雜技演員在高處的繩子上使自己保持平衡。(3)Itisdifficultto__________________________onanicypavement.人行道上結(jié)了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。(4)Howlongcanyou_______________ononefoot?你能單腳站立多久？balance

,

balancedhimself

,

keepone’sbalance

,

balance3．lien．謊話；謊言vt.&vi.說謊；躺，處于(某位置)tellalie/lies說謊[反]tellthetruth說實(shí)話awhitelie善意的謊言abiglie彌天大謊lietosb.向某人撒謊liein在于；處于liedown躺下；屈服lieonone'sside/back/stomach側(cè)臥/仰臥/俯臥Therelies...某地有……提示：易混詞形變化：lie撒謊→lied→lied躺→lay→lain→lyinglay放；產(chǎn)卵→laid→laid→laying[即學(xué)即練3](1)Theboymustbeaspyandwas__________________.這男孩子一定是個(gè)間諜且在說謊。(2)Youare______andliescannotcoverupfacts.你在說謊，但謊言掩蓋不了事實(shí)。(3)Hewas______intheshadeofthetree.他正躺在樹蔭下。(4)Thefactory____________thewestofthetown.工廠在鎮(zhèn)的西邊。tellingalie,

lying,

lying

,

liesto(5)Don't______yourcoatonthebed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。(6)Birds,fishes,andinsects____________________.鳥下蛋，魚和昆蟲產(chǎn)卵。lay

,

layeggs4．consultvt.&vi.向……咨詢；查閱consultantn．會(huì)診醫(yī)生；顧問consultingadj.咨詢的；顧問的consultsb.aboutsth.向某人請教某事consultabook(adictionary)查書(字典)consultwithsb.同某人商量aconsultingengineer顧問工程師[即學(xué)即練4](1)You'dbetter______adoctor______yourillness.你最好找醫(yī)生咨詢一下你的病情。(2)Beforeadecisionhasbeenmade,you'dbetter__________________.在作決定之前，最好找你父親商量一下。(3)Whenyoutakeageographyexam,youmay__________________.參加地理考試時(shí)，你可以查閱地圖。(4)Heis________________________hisadvisor.他正同他的顧問磋商事情。consult

,

about

,

consultyourfather

,

consultamap

,

consultingwith5．limitn．界限；限度v．限制；限定limitedadj.有限的limitationn.限制；限制條件，不足之處gobeyond/overthelimit超過限度withinlimits在一定范圍內(nèi)；有限度的withinthelimitsof在……的范圍內(nèi)withoutlimit無限(制)地setalimittosth.對……規(guī)定限度belimitedtosth.受限制于……limitsth.tosth.把……限定在……的范圍內(nèi)[即學(xué)即練5](1)I've____________________1000caloriesadaytotrytoloseweight.我試著減肥，限定自己每天攝入1000卡的熱量。(2)Awisemanknowshisown______________.人貴有自知之明。(3)Asweallknow,aperson'slifeis______，butknowledgeis_________________.＝Asweallknow,thereis____________________aperson'slifebut____________________knowledge.我們都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知識(shí)卻是無限的。limitedmyselfto

,

limitations

,

limited

,

unlimited

,

alimitto

,

nolimitto6．benefitn．利益，實(shí)惠；優(yōu)越性vt.&vi.得益；使……受益benefitsb./someplace使某人/某地受益benefitfrom/bysth.receive/gainbenefitfromsth.得益于某事beofgreat/muchbenefittosb.＝beverybeneficialtosb.對某人有好處forthebenefitof...為了幫助……；為了……的利益[即學(xué)即練6](1)Thenewhospitalwill________theentirecommunity.這所新醫(yī)院將使整個(gè)社區(qū)受益。(2)I__________much______myfather'sadvice.我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。(3)Moderateexercisewillbe_______________________you.適度運(yùn)動(dòng)對你有很多益處。(4)Shewentthere_______________________________herhealth.她為了健康而去了那里。benefit

,

benefited

,

from

,

ofmuchbenefitto

,

forthebenefitof7．combinevt.&vi.(使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合combinationn.結(jié)合；聯(lián)合；化合(物)combineinto...聯(lián)合成……combine...with...把……與……結(jié)合起來acombinationof...一種……的結(jié)合(物)incombinationwith與……聯(lián)合起來[即學(xué)即練7](1)Somefilms_________education______recreation.有些電影把教育與娛樂結(jié)合起來。(2)Thetwosmallshops_________tomakealargeone.這兩個(gè)小店合并起來成為了一個(gè)大商店。(3)Pinkis________________________redandwhite.粉紅色是紅色與白色的混合色。combine

,

with

,

combined

,

acombinationof8．getawaywith被放過；(做壞事)不受懲罰getridof擺脫；除去getabout走動(dòng)；旅行；(消息等)傳開來getacross(使)被理解；(把……)講清楚geton/alongwellwith...與……相處得好；進(jìn)展得好getawayfrom逃脫；離開getdown(從……)下來；寫下；使沮喪getdowntodoingsth.開始認(rèn)真地做某事getin收獲；插話getintouchwith與……取得聯(lián)系getintothehabitof染上……的習(xí)慣getintotrouble陷入困境getout(of...)(使)出去；離開；逃脫；擺脫getover爬過(墻等)；克服(困難等)；從……中恢復(fù)過來getthrough辦完；花完(錢、時(shí)間等)；(使)通過；接通電話[即學(xué)即練8](1)Iwon'thaveyou_______________________cheatingintheexam.我不能容忍你考試作弊而不受懲罰。(2)Hewassoluckyto__________________________onlyafineforsuchaseriousmistake.他犯了如此嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤，僥幸只被罰款了事。(3)HowcanI_________________________________thefliesinthekitchen？我怎樣才能把廚房里的蒼蠅消滅掉？(4)He'snotverygoodat__________hisideas_________.他不太善于清楚地表達(dá)自己的思想。gettingawaywith

,

getawaywith

,

getridof

,

getting

,

across9．indebt負(fù)債beinheavydebt負(fù)債累累beindebttosb.欠某人債payoffallthedebts還清債務(wù)(動(dòng)作)beoutofdebt不欠債(狀態(tài))get/runintodebt陷入債務(wù)[即學(xué)即練9](1)Inmyopinion,theelegantwomanwithlonghaircan’thavebeen_______________________.在我看來，那位優(yōu)雅的長發(fā)女士不可能負(fù)債累累。(2)Being__________________________makesTomalightmood.還清了債務(wù)使得湯姆心情輕松。(3)Thecoupleworkedharddayandnightinorderto____________________________________________.為了還清所有的債務(wù)，這對夫婦夜以繼日地拼命干活。inheavydebt

,

outofdebt

,

payoffalltheirdebts10．cutdown砍倒，使倒下；削減，壓縮；減價(jià)[即學(xué)即練10](1)Heusedto_______________trees,butheplantstreesnow.他過去砍樹，而現(xiàn)在植樹。(2)Ihaveto__________________________.我得少抽煙。(3)AIDS__________________________atanearlyage.艾滋病較早地奪去了他的生命。(4)Hewasasking$100forthevase,butI____________________________________$75.這個(gè)花瓶要價(jià)100美元，但我砍到了75美元。cutdown

,

cutdownsmoking

,

cuthimdown

,

cuthimdownto拓展：cutacross走捷徑，穿過去cutin插話；讓某人分享利潤cutoff中止，切斷；隔絕cutout刪除；裁剪cutup劈碎，切碎；使難過；(嚴(yán)重地)割傷cutshort突然停止，中斷(活動(dòng))cutthrough穿過；克服；避開；剪斷課后練習(xí)Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Wouldyoulikesomeboiledeggsorsomefried(油炸)ones?2.Youlookmuchslimmer(苗條)thesedaysthanbefore.3.Heisoneofthefrequentcustomers(顧客)intheshop.4.Theyusuallylikeeatingroasted(烘烤)beefverymuch.5．Tellinglies(謊言)frequentlymakeshimunpopularamonghisfellows.6.Usingalltheirstrength(strong)，thedriverandthepassers-bypushedthecaroutofthemudintheend.7.Thehostess(host)isverypopularbecauseshealwaysmakesherguestsfeelathome.8.John'sweakness(weak)liesinhisbadtemper.9.Keepingabalanced(balance)dietmakeshimhealthy.10.Lucy，anAmericangirlwhotookatriptoChinajustoutofcuriosity(curious)，isnowadmiringthegreatscenery.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Tokeephealthy，Idecidedtogoondietbeforemy holiday.diet前加a2.Abalancedietprovidesnutritionforyourbody. balance→balanced3.Youmustcutdownonsugartolosetheweight. 去掉the4.IsuddenlyrealizedthatnobodywashappythanI was.happy→happier5.Theywon'thaveamachinefallinlovewitha woman.fall→falling閱讀理解ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandtheenvironment.ThesefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.DavidTilman，aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofMinnesota，America，examinedtheinformationfrom100countriestoidentifywhatpeopleateandhowadietaffectedhealth.Henotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized(工業(yè)化)，populationincreasedandearningsrose，morepeoplebegantoadoptwhathasbeencalledtheWesterndiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar，fat，oilandmeat.Byeatingthesefoods，peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskofnoninfectiousdiseaseslikediabetes(糖尿病)andheartdisease.Unfortunatelywhenpeoplebecomeindustrialized，iftheyadoptthisWesterndiet，theyaregoingtohavethesehealthproblems，especiallyindevelopingcountriesinAsia.Chinaisanexamplewherethenumberofdiabetescaseshasbeenjumpingfromlessthanonepercentto10percentofthepopulationastheybegantoindustrializeovera20-yearperiod.Andthatishappeningallacrosstheworld，inMexico，inNigeriaandsoon.And，adietbadforhumanbeingsisalsobadfortheenvironment.Astheworld'spopulationgrows，moreforestsandtropical(熱帶的)areaswillbecomefarmlandsforcropsorgrasslandsforcattle.Wearelikelytohavemoregreenhousegasinthefuturefromagriculturethanthatcomingoutofallformsoftransportationrightnow.MrTilmancallsthelinkbetweenthediet，theenvironmentandhumanhealth，“atrilemma”—aproblemofferingadifficultchoice.HesaysonepossiblesolutionisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。在《自然》雜志上，一篇新的報(bào)告表示，西方飲食對人的健康和環(huán)境有不良影響，人們應(yīng)警惕西方飲食帶來的危害。1．Accordingtothepassage，moregreenhousegasmightbegivenoffinthefuturefrom.A．transportation B．developingcountriesC．a(chǎn)griculture D．developedcountriesC[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“Wearelikelytohavemoregreenhousegasinthefuturefromagriculture...”可知，未來更多的溫室氣體排放可能來自農(nóng)業(yè)，故選擇C項(xiàng)。]2．DavidTilmanbelievesthat.A.thediet，theenvironmentandhumanhealtharecloselyconnectedB．theWesterndietistheonlychoiceasthenationindustrializedC．peopleintropicalareasaremorelikelytohaveheartdiseaseD．tradition