建筑詞匯中英對照

a.

DESIGN

BASIS

設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)

b.

DESIGN

STAGE

設(shè)計(jì)階段

c.

CLIMATE

CONDITION

氣象條件

d.

GENERAL

ROOM

NAME

常用房間名稱

e.

ROOFING

&

CEILING

屋面及天棚

f.

WALL(CLADDING)

墻體(外墻板)

g.

FLOOR

&

TRENCH

地面及地溝

h.

DOORS

、GLASS、WINDOWS

&

IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)門、玻璃、窗及五金件

I.

STAIRCASE、LANDING

&

LIFT(ELEVATOR)樓梯、休息平臺及電梯

j.

BUILDING

MATERIAL

WORDS

AND

PHRASES

建筑材料詞匯及短語

【

Bricks

and

Tiles

磚和瓦】

【Lime,

Sand

and

Stone

灰、砂和石】

【Cement,

Mortar

and

Concrete

水泥、砂漿和混凝土】

【Facing

And

Plastering

Materials

飾面及粉刷材料】

【Asphalt

(Bitumen)

and

Asbestos

瀝青和石棉】

【Timber

木材】

【Metallic

Materials

金屬材料】

【Non-Ferrous

Metal

有色金屬】

【Anti-Corrosion

Materials

防腐蝕材料】

【Building

Hardware

建筑五金】

【Paint

油漆】

k.

OTHER

ARCHITECTURAL

TERMS

其它建筑術(shù)語

【Discipline

專業(yè)】

【Conventional

Terms

一般通用名詞】

【Architectural

Physics

建筑物理】

【Name

Of

Professional

role

職務(wù)名稱】

【Drafting

制圖】

a.

DESIGN

BASIS

設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)

計(jì)劃建議書

planning

proposals

設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書

design

order

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范standards

and

codes

條件圖

information

drawing

設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)資料

basic

data

for

design

工藝流程圖

process

flowchart

工程地質(zhì)資料

engineering

geological

data

原始資料

original

data

設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)度

schedule

of

design

b.

STAGE

OF

DESIGN

設(shè)計(jì)階段

方案

scheme,

draft

草圖

sketch

會談紀(jì)要summary

of

discussion

談判

negotiation

可行性研究

feasibility

study

初步設(shè)計(jì)

preliminary

design

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)

basic

design

詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)

detail

design

詢價圖

enquiry

drawing

施工圖

working

drawing,

construction

drawing

竣工圖

as

built

drawing

c.

CLIMATE

CONDITION

氣象條件

日照

sunshine

風(fēng)玫瑰

wind

rose

主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向

prevailing

wind

direction

最大(平均)風(fēng)速

maximum

(mean)

wind

velocity

風(fēng)荷載

wind

load

最大(平均)降雨量

maximum

(mean)

rainfall

雷擊及閃電

thunder

and

lightning

颶風(fēng)

hurricane

臺風(fēng)

typhoon

旋風(fēng)

cyclone

降雨強(qiáng)度rainfall

intensity

年降雨量

annual

rainfall

濕球溫度

wet

bulb

temperature

干球溫度

dry

bulb

temperature

冰凍期

frost

period

冰凍線

frost

line

冰凍區(qū)

frost

zone

室外計(jì)算溫度

calculating

outdoor

temperature

采暖地區(qū)

region

with

heating

provision

不采暖地區(qū)

region

without

heating

provision

絕對大氣壓

absolute

atmospheric

pressure

相對濕度

relative

humidity

d.

GENERAL

ROOM

NAME

常用房間名稱

辦公室

office

服務(wù)用房

service

room

換班室

shift

room

休息室

rest

room

(break

room)

起居室

living

room

3

浴室

bathroom

淋浴間

shower

更衣室

locker

room

廁所

lavatory

門廳

lobby

診室

clinic

工作間

workshop

電氣開關(guān)室

switchroom

走廊

corridor

檔案室

archive

電梯機(jī)房

lift

motor

room

車庫

garage

清潔間

cleaning

room

會議室(正式)

conference

room

會議室

meeting

room

衣柜間

ward

robe

暖風(fēng)間

H.V.A.C

room

飯店

restaurant

餐廳

canteen,

dining

room

廚房

kitchen

入口

entrance

接待處

reception

area

會計(jì)室

accountant

room

秘書室

secretary

room

電氣室

electrical

room

控制室

control

room

工長室

foreman

office

開關(guān)柜室

switch

gear

前室

antecabinet

(Ante.)

生產(chǎn)區(qū)

production

area

馬達(dá)控制中心

Mcc

多功能用房

utility

room

化驗(yàn)室

laboratory

room

經(jīng)理室

manager

room

披

屋(閣樓)

penthouse

警衛(wèi)室

guard

house

e.

ROOFING

AND

CEILING

屋面及天棚

女兒墻

parapet

雨蓬

canopy

屋脊

roof

ridge

坡度

slope

坡跨比

pitch分水線

water-shed

二氈三油

2

layers

of

felt

&

3

coats

of

bitumastic

附加油氈一層

extra

ply

of

felt

檐口

eave

挑檐

overhanging

eave

檐溝

eave

gutter

平屋面

flat

roof

坡屋面

pitched

roof

雨水管

downspout,

rain

water

pipe)(R.W.P)

匯水面積

catchment

area

泛水

flashing

內(nèi)排水

interior

drainage

外排水

exterior

drainage

滴水

drip

屋面排水

roof

drainage

找平層

leveling

course

卷材屋面

built-up

roofing

天棚

ceiling

檁條

purlin

屋面板

roofing

board

天花板

ceiling

board

防水層

water-proof

course

檢查孔

inspection

hole

人孔

manhole

吊頂

suspended

ceiling,

false

ceiling

檐板(窗簾盒)

cornice

f.

WALL

(CLADDING)

墻體(外墻板)

磚墻

brick

wall

砌塊墻

block

wall

清水磚墻

brick

wall

without

plastering

抹灰墻

rendered

wall

石膏板墻

gypsum

board,

plaster

board

空心磚墻

hollow

brick

wall

承重墻

bearing

wall

非承重墻

non-bearing

wall

縱墻

longitudinal

wall

橫墻

transverse

wall

外墻

external

(exterior)

wall

內(nèi)墻

internal

(interior)

wall

填充墻

filler

wall

防火墻

fire

wall

窗間墻

wall

between

window空心墻

cavity

wall

壓頂

coping

圈梁

gird,

girt,

girth

玻璃隔斷

glazed

wall

防潮層

damp-proof

course

(D.P.C)

遮陽板

sunshade

陽臺

balcony

伸縮縫

expansion

joint

沉降縫

settlement

joint

抗震縫

seismic

joint

復(fù)合夾心板

sandwich

board

壓型單板

corrugated

single

steel

plate

外墻板

cladding

panel

復(fù)合板

composite

panel

輕質(zhì)隔斷

light-weight

partition

牛腿

bracket

磚煙囪

brick

chimney

勒腳(基座)

plinth

g.

FLOOR

AND

TRENCH

地面及地溝

地坪

grade

地面和樓面

ground

and

floor

素土夯實(shí)

rammed

earth

爐渣夯實(shí)

tamped

cinder

填土

filled

earth

回填土夯實(shí)

tamped

backfill

墊層

bedding

course,

blinding

面層

covering,

finish

結(jié)合層

bonding

(binding)

course

找平層

leveling

course

素水泥漿結(jié)合層

neat

cement

binding

course

混凝土地面

concrete

floor

水泥地面

cement

floor

機(jī)器磨平混凝土地面

machine

trowelled

concrete

floor

水磨石地面

terrazzo

flooring

馬賽克地面

mosaic

flooring

瓷磚地面

ceramic

tile

flooring

油地氈地面

linoleum

flooring

預(yù)制水磨

石地面

precast

terrazzo

flooring

硬木花地面

hard-wood

parquet

flooring

擱柵

joist

硬木毛地面

hard-wood

rough

flooring

企口板地面tongued

and

grooved

flooring防酸地面

acid-resistant

floor

鋼筋混凝土樓板

reinforced

concrete

slab

(R.C

Slab)

乙烯基地面

vinyl

flooring

水磨石嵌條

divider

strip

for

terrazzo

地面做2％坡

floor

with

2%

slope

集水溝

gully

集水口

gulley

排水溝

drainage

trench

溝蓋板

trench

cover

活動蓋板

removable

cover

plate

集水坑

sump

pit

孔翻邊

hole

up

stand

電纜溝

cable

trench

h.

DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS

&

IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)門、玻璃、窗及五金件

木

(鋼)門

wooden

(steel)

door

鑲板門

panelled

door

夾板門

plywood

door

鋁合金門

aluminum

alloy

door

卷簾門

roller

shutter

door

彈簧門

swing

door

推拉門

sliding

door

平開門

side-hung

door

折疊門

folding

door

旋轉(zhuǎn)門

revolving

door

玻璃門

glazed

door

密閉門

air-Tight

door

保溫門

thermal

insulating

door

鍍鋅鐵絲網(wǎng)門

galvanized

steel

wire

mesh

door

防火門

fire

door

(大門上的)小門

wicket

門框

door

frame

門扇

door

leaf

門洞

door

opening

結(jié)構(gòu)開洞

structural

opening

單扇門

single

door

雙扇門

double

door

疏散門

emergency

door

紗門

screen

door

門檻

door

sill

門過梁

door

lintel

上冒頭

top

rail

下冒頭

bottom

rail門邊木

stile

門樘側(cè)料

side

jumb

槽口

notch

木窗

wooden

window

鋼窗

steel

window

鋁合金窗

aluminum

alloy

window

百葉窗

(通風(fēng)為主)

sun-bind,

louver

(louver,

shutter,

blind)

塑鋼窗

plastic

steel

window

空腹鋼窗

hollow

steel

window

固定窗

fixed

window

平開窗

side-hung

window

推拉窗

sliding

window

氣窗

transom

上懸窗

top-hung

window

中懸窗

center-pivoted

window

下懸窗

hopper

window

活動百葉窗

adjustable

louver

天窗

skylight

老虎窗

dormer

window

密封雙層玻璃

sealed

double

glazing

鋼筋混凝土過梁

reinforced

concrete

lintel

鋼筋磚過梁

reinforced

brick

lintel

窗扇

casement

sash

窗臺

window

sill

窗臺板

window

board

窗中梃

mullion

窗橫木

mutin

窗邊木

stile

壓縫條

cover

mould

窗簾盒

curtain

box

合頁(鉸鏈)

hinge

(butts)

轉(zhuǎn)軸

pivot

長腳鉸鏈

parliament

hinge

閉門器

door

closer

地彈簧

floor

closer

插銷

bolt

門鎖

door

lock

拉手

pull

鏈條

chain

門鉤

door

hanger

碰球

ball

latch

窗鉤

window

catch

暗插銷

insert

bolt

電動開關(guān)器

electric

opener平板玻璃

plate

glass

夾絲玻璃

wire

glass

透明玻璃

clear

glass

毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)

ground

glass

(frosted

glass)

防彈玻璃

bullet-proof

glass

石英玻璃

quartz

glass

吸熱玻璃

heat

absorbing

glass

磨光玻璃

polished

glass

著色玻璃

pigmented

glass

玻璃瓦

glass

tile

玻璃磚

glass

block

有機(jī)玻璃

organic

glass

I.

STAIRCASE,

LANDING

&

LIFT

(ELEVATOR)

樓梯、休息平臺及電梯

樓梯

stair

樓梯間

staircase

疏散梯

emergency

stair

旋轉(zhuǎn)梯

spiral

stair

(circular

stair)

吊車梯

crane

ladder

直爬梯

vertical

ladder

踏步

step

扇形踏步

winder

(wheel

step)

踏步板

tread

檔步板

riser

踏步寬度

tread

width

防滑條

non-slip

insert

(strips)

欄桿

railing

(balustrade)

平臺欄桿

platform

railing

吊裝孔欄桿

railing

around

mounting

hole

扶手

handrail

梯段高度

height

of

flight

防護(hù)梯籠

protecting

cage

(safety

cage)

平臺

landing

(platform)

操作平臺

operating

platform

裝卸平臺

platform

for

loading

&

unloading

樓梯平臺

stair

landing

客梯

passenger

lift

貨梯

goods

lift

客/貨兩用梯

goods/passenger

lift

液壓電梯

hydraulic

lift

自動扶梯

escalator

觀光電梯

observation

elevator

電梯機(jī)房

lift

mortar

room電梯坑

lift

pit

電梯井道

lift

shaft

j.

BUILDING

MATERIAL

WORDS

AND

PHRASES

建筑材料詞匯及短語

Bricks

and

Tiles

磚和瓦

紅磚

red

brick

粘土磚

clay

brick

瓷磚

glazed

brick

(ceramic

tile)

防火磚

fire

brick

空心磚

hollow

brick

面磚

facing

brick

地板磚

flooring

tile

缸磚

clinkery

brick

馬賽克

mosaic

陶?；炷?/p>

ceramsite

concrete

琉璃瓦

glazed

tile

脊瓦

ridge

tile

石棉瓦

asbestos

tile

(shingle)

波形石棉水泥瓦

corrugated

asbestos

cement

sheet

Lime,

Sand

and

Stone

灰、砂和石

石膏

gypsum

大理石

marble

漢白玉

white

marble

花崗巖

granite

碎石

crushed

stone

毛石

rubble

蛭石

vermiculite

珍珠巖

pearlite

水磨石

terrazzo

卵石

cobble

礫石

gravel

粗砂

course

sand

中砂

medium

sand

細(xì)砂

fine

sand

Cement,

Mortar

and

Concrete

水泥、砂漿和混凝土

波特蘭水泥(普通硅酸鹽水泥)

Portland

cement

硅酸鹽水泥

silicate

cement

火山灰水泥

pozzolana

cement

白水泥

white

cement

水泥砂漿

cement

mortar

石灰砂漿

lime

mortar

水泥石灰砂漿(混合砂漿)

cement-lime

mortar

保溫砂漿

thermal

mortar10

防水砂漿

water-proof

mortar

耐酸砂漿

acid-resistant

mortar

耐堿砂漿

alkaline-resistant

mortar

瀝青砂漿

bituminous

mortar

紙筋灰

paper

strip

mixed

lime

mortar

麻刀灰

hemp

cut

lime

mortar

灰縫

mortar

joint

素混凝土

plain

concrete

鋼筋混凝土

reinforced

concrete

輕質(zhì)混凝土

lightweight

concrete

細(xì)石混凝土

fine

aggregate

concrete

瀝青混凝土

asphalt

concrete

泡沫混凝土

foamed

concrete

爐渣混凝土

cinder

concrete

Facing

And

Plastering

Materials

飾面及粉刷材料

水刷石

granitic

plaster

斬假石

artificial

stone

刷漿

lime

wash

可賽銀

casein

大白漿

white

wash

麻刀灰打底

hemp

cuts

and

lime

as

base

噴大白漿兩道

sprayed

twice

with

white

wash

分格抹水泥砂漿

cement

mortar

plaster

sectioned

板條抹灰

lath

and

plaster

Asphalt(Bitumen)

and

Asbestos

瀝青和石棉

瀝青卷材

asphalt

felt

瀝青填料

asphalt

filler

瀝青膠泥

asphalt

grout

冷底子油

adhesive

bitumen

primer

瀝青瑪啼脂

asphaltic

mastic

瀝青麻絲

bitumastic

oakum

石棉板

asbestos

sheet

石棉纖維

asbestos

fiber

Timber

木材

裂縫

crack

透裂

split

環(huán)裂

shake

干縮

shrinkage

翹曲

warping

原木

log

圓木

round

timber

方木

square

timber

板材

plank

木條

batten板條

lath

木板

board

紅松

red

pine

白松

white

pine

落葉松

deciduous

pine

云杉

spruce

柏木

cypress

白楊

white

poplar

樺木

birch

冷杉

fir

櫟木

oak

榴木

willow

榆木

elm

杉木

cedar

柚木

teak

樟木

camphor

wood

防腐處理的木材

preservative-treated

lumber

膠合板

plywood

三(五)合板

3(5)-plywood

企口板

tongued

and

grooved

board

層夾板

laminated

plank

膠合層夾木材

glue-laminated

lumber

纖維板

fiber-board

竹子

bamboo

Metallic

Materials

金屬材料

黑色金屬

ferrous

metal

圓鋼

steelbBar

方鋼

square

steel

扁鋼

steel

strap,flat

steel

型鋼

steel

section

(shape)

槽鋼

channel

角鋼

angle

steel

等邊角鋼

equal-leg

angle

不等邊角鋼

unequal-leg

angle

工字鋼

I-beam

寬翼緣工字鋼

wide

flange

I-beam

丁(

之)字鋼

T-bar

(Z-bar)

冷彎薄壁型鋼

light

gauge

cold-formed

steel

shape

熱軋

hot-rolled

冷軋

cold-rolled

冷拉

cold-drawn

冷壓

cold-pressed

合金鋼

alloy

steel

鈦合金

titanium

alloy不銹鋼

stainless

steel

竹節(jié)鋼筋

corrugated

steel

bar

變形鋼筋

deformed

bar

光圓鋼筋

plain

round

bar

鋼板

steel

plate

薄鋼板

thin

steel

plate

低碳鋼

low

carbon

steel

冷彎

cold

bending

鋼管

steel

pipe

(tube)

無縫鋼管

seamless

steel

pipe

焊接鋼管

welded

steel

pipe

黑鐵管

iron

pipe

鍍鋅鋼管

galvanized

steel

pipe

鑄鐵

cast

iron

生鐵

pig

iron

熟鐵

wrought

iron

鍍鋅鐵皮

galvanized

steel

sheet

鍍鋅鐵絲

galvanized

steel

wire

鋼絲網(wǎng)

steel

wire

mesh

多孔金屬網(wǎng)

expanded

metal

錳鋼

managanese

steel

高強(qiáng)度合金鋼

high

strength

alloy

steel

Non-Ferrous

Metal

有色金屬

金

gold

白金

platinum

銅

copper

黃銅

brass

青銅

bronze

銀

silver

鋁

aluminum

鉛

lead

Anti-Corrosion

Materials

防腐蝕材料

聚乙烯

polythene,

polyethylene

尼龍

nylon

聚氯乙烯

PVC

(polyvinyl

chloride)

聚碳酸酯

polycarbonate

聚苯乙烯

polystyrene

丙烯酸樹酯

acrylic

resin

乙烯基酯

vinyl

ester

橡膠內(nèi)襯

rubber

lining

氯丁橡膠

neoprene

瀝青漆

bitumen

paint

環(huán)氧樹脂漆

epoxy

resin

paint

氧化鋅底漆

zinc

oxide

primer

防銹漆

anti-rust

paint

耐酸漆

acid-resistant

paint

耐堿漆

alkali-resistant

paint

水玻璃

sodium

silicate

樹脂砂漿

resin-bonded

mortar

環(huán)氧樹脂

epoxy

resin

Building

Hardware

建筑五金

釘子

nails

螺紋屋面釘spiral-threaded

roofing

nail

環(huán)紋石膏板釘

annular-ring

gypsum

board

nail

螺絲

screws

平頭螺絲

flat-head

screw

螺栓

bolt

普通螺栓

commercial

bolt

高強(qiáng)螺栓

high

strength

bolt

預(yù)埋螺栓

insert

bolt

脹錨螺栓

cinch

bolt

墊片

washer

Paint

油漆

底漆

primer

防銹底漆

rust-inhibitive

primer

防腐漆

anti-corrosion

paint

調(diào)和漆

mixed

paint

無光漆

flat

paint

透明漆

varnish

銀粉漆

aluminum

paint

磁漆

enamel

paint

干性油

drying

oil

稀釋劑

thinner

焦油

tar

瀝青漆

asphalt

paint

桐油

tung

oil,

Chinese

wood

oil

紅丹

red

lead

鉛油

lead

oil

膩?zhàn)?/p>

putty

k.

OTHER

ARCHITECTURAL

TERMS

其它建筑術(shù)語

Discipline

專業(yè)

建筑

architecture

土木

civil

給排水

water

supply

and

drainage

總圖

plot

plan

采暖通風(fēng)

H.V.A.C

(heating、ventilation

and

air

conditioning)

電力供應(yīng)

電力供應(yīng)

electric

power

supply

電氣照明

electric

lighting

電訊

telecommunication

儀表

instrument

熱力供應(yīng)

heat

power

supply

動力

mechanical

power

工藝

process

technology

管道

piping

Conventional

Terms

一般通用名詞

建筑原理

architectonics

建筑形式

architectural

style

民用建筑

civil

architecture

城市建筑

urban

architecture

農(nóng)村建筑

rural

architecture

農(nóng)業(yè)建筑

farm

building

工業(yè)建筑

industrial

building

重工業(yè)的

heavy

industrial

輕工業(yè)的

light

industrial

古代建筑

ancient

architecture

現(xiàn)代建筑

modern

architecture

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建筑

standardized

buildings

附屬建筑

auxiliary

buildings

城市規(guī)劃

city

planning

廠區(qū)內(nèi)

within

site

廠區(qū)外

offsite

封閉式

closed

type

開敞式

open

type

半開敞式

semi-open

type

模數(shù)制

modular

system

單位造價

unit

cost

概算

preliminary

estimate

承包商

constructor,

contractor

現(xiàn)場

site

擴(kuò)建

extension

改建

reconstruction

防火

fire-prevention

防震

aseismatic,

quake-proof

防腐

anti-corrosion

防潮

dump-proof

防水

water-proof

防塵

dust-proof

防銹

rust-proof

車流量

traffic

volume

貨流量

freight

traffic

volume

人流量

pedestrian

volume

透視圖

perspective

drawing

建筑模型

building

model

Architectural

Physics

建筑物理

照明

illumination

照度

degree

of

illumination

亮度

brightness

日照

sunshine

天然采光

natural

lighting

光強(qiáng)

light

intensity

側(cè)光

side

light

頂光

top

light

眩光

glaze

方位角

azimuth

輻射

radiation

對流

convection

傳導(dǎo)

conduction

遮陽

sun-shade

保溫

thermal

insulation

恒溫

constant

temperature

恒濕

constant

humidity

噪音

noise

隔音

sound-proof

吸音

sound

absorption

露點(diǎn)

dew

point

隔汽

vapor-proof

Name

Of

Professional

role

職務(wù)名稱

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理

project

manager

(PM)

設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)理

design

manager

首席建筑師

principal

architect

總工程師

chief

engineer

土木工程師

civil

engineer

工藝工程師

process

engineer

電氣工程師

electrical

engineer

機(jī)械工程師

mechanical

engineer

計(jì)劃工程師

planning

engineer

助理工程師

assistant

engineer

實(shí)習(xí)生

probationer

專家

specialist,

expert

制圖員

draftsman

技術(shù)員

technician

Drafting

制圖

總說明

general

specification

工程說明

project

specification采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范目錄

list

of

standards

and

specification

adopted

圖紙目錄

list

of

drawings

平面圖

plan

局部放大圖

detail

with

enlarged

scale

．．．平面示意圖

schematic

plan

of...

．．．平剖面圖

sectional

plan

of...

留孔平面圖

plan

of

provision

of

holes

剖面

section

縱剖面

longitudinal

section

橫剖面

cross

(transverse)

section

立面

elevation

正立面

front

elevation

透視圖

perspective

drawing

側(cè)立面

side

elevation

背立面

back

elevation

詳圖

detail

drawings

典型節(jié)點(diǎn)

typical

detail

節(jié)點(diǎn)號

detail

No.

首頁

front

page

圖紙目錄及說明

list

of

contents

and

description

圖例

legend

示意圖

diagram

草圖

sketch

荷載簡圖

load

diagram

流程示意圖

flow

diagram

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖

standard

drawing

．．．布置圖

layout

of

...

地形圖

topographical

map

土方工程圖

earth-work

drawing

展開圖

developed

drawing

模板圖

formwork

drawing

配筋

arrangement

of

reinforcement

表格

tables

工程進(jìn)度表

working

schedule

技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)

technical

and

econom