春檢專練習卷4

上海交通大學網絡學院醫(yī)學院分院2012（春）年級畢業(yè)理論綜合考試練習卷（4）專業(yè)：檢驗技術（?？疲┮?、英語（30%）：I．Vocabulary&StructureDirections:Thereare25incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.1．Theyprovideinformationonmethodstoimprovethe________oftrainingprogramsforolderworkers,includinghelpingolderworkerstofindproductiveemployment.A.formation B.efficiencyC.selection D.dignity2．Ifyourchildisspendingtoomuchtimeoncomputergames,thinkcarefullyabouthowyouaregoingto________thesituation.A.accomplish B.arrangeC.handle D.decrease3．Shefellasleepatlast,butinnotimeatallthepaininherback________heragain,sharpandinsistent.A.conquered B.wakenedC.absorbed D.retired4．Onseeingthewoundedsoldier,Lucyquicklyfoldedherarmsroundhim,thenjustasquicklypulledbackto________hisswollen(腫的)noseandmouth.A.monitor B.recognizeC.inspect D.reveal5.Ifpeoplearemadeawarethatthebettertheservice,themoretheyearn,thenitreallyisa(n)________toworkhardandperformwell.A.incentive B.atmosphereC.gratitude D.community6.Vicky________turnedtheTVoffastheclockstruckten,timeforhertogotobed.A.reluctantly B.disappointedlyC.fortunately D.undoubtedly7.Hecouldseeherlips________andhopedshewouldnotcryinpublicagain..A.disturbing B.tremblingC.shaking D.stooping8.Weknowthatdrinking,smoking,andoverwork________riskstoourhealth,butmostofusseemtoacceptthem.A.spoil B.involveC.accumulate D.seal9.Hedidn'thavetimetoreadthereportwordforword;hejust________it.

A.skimmed B.observedC.overlooked D.glanced10.Ifyouhavetogothroughasmoke-filledarea,you'dbetter________withyourheadlow.A.crawl B.retreat C.proceed D.drag11.Hundredsofyellowribbonsbillowedinthewindasif____________awarmwelcometothereturnees.A.giving B.togiveC.theywouldgive D.theywouldhavegiven12.Thereportis________withtherelationshipbetweenpoliticsandthelaw.A.concerned B.absorbed C.sustained D.involved13.________theirworkwillgiveusamuchbetterfeelforthewidedifferencesbetweenthetwoschoolsofthought.

A.Tohavereviewed B.Havingreviewed C.Reviewing D.Beingreviewed14.She'sbeenreportedmissingandwe'recheckinghermovementsforthetwoweeksbeforeshe________.A.vanished B.survived C.observed D.revealed15.Oneoftheboysspeaks_________butnotverycorrectEnglish.A.frequent B.flexibleC.fluent D.fluid16.________,theinjection(注射)didnotworkanddespitemuchmedicationtocalmhisheart,hepassedawayintheearlyhoursofthemorning.A.Unfortunately B.Luckily C.Eventually D.Undoubtedly17.It’sapitythatthedeviceused____________countingmoneydoesn’tworknow.A. at B.by C. for D.to18.At6.30a.m.nextmorningthetrain________CentralStation,GlasgowA.pulledinto B.camedown C.laidout D.soughtout19.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavy_______houseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.A.time-consumed B.timely-consumedC.time-consuming D.timely-consuming20.Medicalresearchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettescontributes

___________theincreaseofcancers．A.towards B.forC.with D.to21.Manypeoplelikewhitecolorasitisa________ofpurity.A.symbol B.signal C.sign D.symptom22Volcanoesaredividedintothreemaingroupsbasedontheirshapeandthetypeofmaterialthey__________.A.aremade B.madeofC.aremadeof D.arebeingmadeof23.Inspiteof_________,weenjoyedhavingasnowballfight.A.thecoldweather B.itiscold C.theweatheriscold D.thatitiscoldweather24.WheneverwecometoSharonforhelp,shecanalways_________withgoodideas.A.comeupwithB.producewithC.putupwithD.cometo25.Thecomputerlooksmysterioustome_________itwerenotinventedbyhumanbeings.A.asif B.although C.unless D.eventhough=2\*ROMANII=3\*ROMAN．ReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereisapassageinthispart.Thepassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshouldchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonthepassage.Passage：TodaymostpeoplespeakEnglishwhentheymeetforeigners.Ithasbecometheinternationallanguage.TherearemanyreasonswhyEnglishhasbecomesopopular.OneofthemisthatEnglishhasbecomethelanguageofbusiness.AnotherimportantreasonisthatpopularAmericanculture,likemovies,music,andMcDonald's,hasquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.Ithasbroughtitslanguagewithit.IsitgoodthatEnglishhasspreadtoallpartsoftheworldsoquickly?Idon'tknow.It'simportanttohavealanguagethatthepeopleoftheearthhaveincommon.Ourworldhasbecomeveryglobalandweneedtocommunicatewithoneanother.Ontheotherhand,Englishisaquitecomplicatedlanguagetolearnanditbringsitsculturewithit.Dowereallyneedthat?Scientistshavealreadytriedtocreateanartificiallanguagethatisn'ttoodifficultanddoesn'tincludeanyonegroup'sculture.ItiscalledEsperanto.Butithasn'tbecomepopular.ButmaybethepopularityofEnglishwon'tlastthatlongeither.Whoknows?TherearemorepeopleintheworldwhospeakChinesethananyotherlanguage.MaybesomedayChinesewillbethenewinternationallanguage.26.Accordingtotheauthor,onereasonforthepopularityofEnglishisthat _______________. A. Americancultureisspreadingthroughouttheworld B. Americanpeopleliketodobusinesswithforeigners C. Englishisabeautifullanguage D. Englishisnotdifficulttolearn27.Theauthorthinksthat_______________. A.itisgoodthatEnglishhasspreadtoallpartsoftheworldsoquickly B.somedayanotherlanguagemightreplaceEnglishasaninternationallanguage C.it'snotnecessaryforustohaveaninternationallanguage D.wecanlearnalanguagewithoutlearningitsculture28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutEsperanto_______________? A.It'screatedbyscientists. B.It'ssupposedtobeeasy. C.Itdoesn'tincludeanygroup'sculture. D.Ithasbecomepopular.29.Therearemorepeopleintheworldwhospeak_______________thananyotherlanguage. A.English B.Chinese C.French D.Esperanto30.In“Ithasbroughtitslanguagewithit”(thesecondparagraph),thefirstword“it”refersto_______________. A.animportantreason B.Americanpeopleasawhole C.popularAmericanculture D.theworld二、臨床檢驗學基礎（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：31．巴氏涂片是指：A．胸水細胞學涂片B．淋巴結穿刺細胞學涂片C．乳腺分泌物涂片D．子宮頸-陰道細胞學涂片32．細胞形態(tài)保存較差的標本采集方法是：A．導尿法B．灌洗法C．刷取法D．穿刺法或刮取法33．無需在細胞病理學診斷中考慮的因素是：A．細胞結構特征，細胞學診斷局限性B．患者激素水平C．患者體重和身高D．涂片上背景成分34．在細胞病理學涂片上，體積最大的鱗狀上皮細胞是：A．表層B．中層C．底層D．副底層或角化前層35．卡波氏環(huán)可見于哪個細胞胞漿中的異常結構：A．紅細胞B．淋巴細胞C．單核細胞D．粒細胞36．可反映外周紅細胞大小不一的參數是：A．RDWB．MCVC．MCHD．MCHC37．根據貧血的形態(tài)學分類，惡性腫瘤引起的貧血一般呈現(xiàn)：A．大細胞貧血B．正細胞正色素性貧血C．小細胞低色素貧血D．單純小細胞貧血38．有核紅細胞最常見于：A．急性失血或缺鐵性貧血B．溶血性貧血C．巨幼細胞性貧血D．遺傳性球形細胞增多癥39．屬于癌細胞主要形態(tài)學鑒別要點的是：A．核增大B．巨大核仁C．染色較深D．核形態(tài)畸形，染色質增粗40．在痰液涂片中，表明標本肯定來自肺部的細胞是：A．纖毛細胞B．基底層細胞C．鱗狀上皮細胞D．肺泡巨噬細胞41．在胸水涂片中，見到形態(tài)正常的鱗狀上皮細胞應高度懷疑為：A．角化型鱗癌B．燕麥細胞癌C．分化差腺癌D．漿液性腺癌42．表示測定值和靶值之間一致程度，稱為：A．精密度B．準確度C．靈敏度和特異度D．符合率43．在日常檢驗中，應確保所用血液質控品的水平是：A．低值水平B．正常水平C．中、低水平D．高、中水平44．符合隨機誤差的質控規(guī)則是：A．12sB．R4sC．41sD．10x，22s45．能反映外周血紅細胞大小變化差異程度的參數是：A.MCHCB．RDWC．MCHD．MCV46．下列屬于血管內溶血實驗室特點的是：A．血清結合珠蛋白增高B．外周血中可見較多破碎紅細胞C．紅細胞包涵體陽性D．血漿游離血紅蛋白降低47．試帶法應用PH指示劑蛋白質誤差原理檢測：A．GLUB．PROC．UROD．KET或BIL48．腺癌的細胞形態(tài)特點，下列哪一點是不正確的A．癌細胞形態(tài)多樣，排列呈腺腔樣或乳頭狀結構B．癌細胞呈圓形或橢圓形C．癌細胞體積大小不一，胞漿中常含空泡D．癌細胞呈單個散在排列49．24h尿量少于多少ml時，稱少尿：A．400B．300C．200D．10050．腎病綜合征時產生的蛋白尿為：A．腎小球性蛋白尿B．腎小管性蛋白尿C．溢出性蛋白尿D．組織性蛋白尿51．尿液標本無色且伴尿比密增高，提示：A．發(fā)熱B．多囊腎C．敗血癥D．糖尿病52．選擇性蛋白尿主要用于檢查：A．腎小球濾過率改變B．腎小管重吸收功能障礙或腎小管病變程度C．腎小球病變程度D．腎間質病變程度53．關于紅細胞平均值的敘述，下列哪項正確？A．紅細胞平均值正常,提示患者紅細胞形態(tài)無改變B．貧血患者,雖有明顯的紅細胞異常,但其平均值可在正常范圍內C．MCV小于正常,MCH小于正常,其MCHC必小于正常D．MCV大于正常,MCH大于正常,其MCHC必大于正常54．羊水中與胎兒腎的成熟度有關的物質是：A．膽堿酯酶B．膽紅素C．脂肪D．尿酸55．胎兒血紅蛋白的肽鏈組成是：A．α2/γ2B．α2/β2C．α2/δ2D．β4/γ456．正常精液液化時間不超過A．10minB.20minC．25minD．30min57．腦脊液檢驗的適應癥是：A．顱內高壓者B．有腦膜刺激征者C．顱后窩占位性病變者D．處于休克、全身衰竭狀態(tài)者58．不會使腦脊液變混濁的病理因素是：A．紅細胞或白細胞增多B．大量細菌C．蛋白質濃度增高D．葡萄糖濃度增高59．糞便中可見的最小寄生蟲卵是A．鉤蟲卵B．肺吸蟲卵C．鞭蟲卵D．華支睪吸蟲卵60．室內和室間質量控制活動，可以控制哪一方面對檢驗質量的影響？A．標本離體環(huán)境對檢驗質量的影響B(tài)．檢測儀器、方法和試劑對檢驗質量的影響C．生理變異對檢驗質量的影響D．飲食或藥物因素對檢驗質量的影響61．凝血因子III又稱為：A．組織因子B．凝血酶原C．穩(wěn)定因子D．易變因子62．影響血液分析儀紅細胞計數值減低的因素不包括：A．巨大血小板B．血小板聚集，紅細胞聚集C．白細胞極度增高D．紅細胞大小不一63．卡波環(huán)現(xiàn)認為可能是A．核殘余物B．脂蛋白變性C．色素沉著或胞質發(fā)育異常D．血紅蛋白聚集64．非特異性陰道炎的主要病原體是A．霉菌B．淋球菌C．支原體或衣原體D．加特納菌65．做化學法糞隱血試驗時，服用下列哪項不會出現(xiàn)假陽性？A．肉類B．鐵劑或含有動物血的食物C．維生素D．生食蔬菜三、臨床生物化學檢驗（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：66、臨床生物化學發(fā)展過程中，以下哪一項標志著開創(chuàng)了分子生物學時代：A．出版了《臨床化學專著》B．發(fā)現(xiàn)蛋白質α-螺旋的結構形式C．提出DNA雙股螺旋結構模型并提出遺傳中心法則D．發(fā)明聚合酶鏈反應（PCR）技術67、肝功能不良時，下列蛋白質的合成受影響較小的是：A．前清蛋白或清蛋白B．免疫球蛋白C．凝血酶原D．凝血因子Ⅴ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ等68、下列中可作為營養(yǎng)評價指標的蛋白是：Ａ．α1球蛋白/α2球蛋白Ｂ．γ球蛋白Ｃ．β球蛋白D．白蛋白69、尿酸是人體內哪種物質的分解代謝產物？Ａ．碳水化合物Ｂ．嘧啶核苷酸Ｃ．脂類Ｄ．嘌呤核苷酸70、胰島素對物質代謝有廣泛的調節(jié)作用,在生理濃度下,它不能引起下列哪一種作用增強？A．葡萄糖透過細胞質膜，葡萄糖氧化B．ATP、DNA及RNA合成C．脂肪合成D．糖異生71、以下哪一項是前列腺癌的特異性標志物？Ａ．AFPＢ．CEAＣ．PSAＤ．NSE或CA19-972、以下哪一個不屬于血漿特異酶？A．ChE或銅藍蛋白B脂蛋白脂酶．C．卵磷脂膽固醇?；D移酶（LCAT）D．LD73、激活脂蛋白脂酶的載脂蛋白為：A．CⅠB．B48C．B100D74、酶促反應中決定酶特異性的是：A．底物的類別B．酶蛋白C．輔基或輔酶D．催化基團75、下列哪一種腫瘤標志物屬于激素類？Ａ．AFPＢ．CEAＣ．β-HCGＤ．PSA或AFU76、結合膽紅素是膽紅素和下列哪種物質結合而成？Ａ．Y蛋白Ｂ．葡萄糖酸Ｃ．膽汁酸D．葡萄糖醛酸77、膽汁酸合成的限速酶是：A．7α羥化酶B．7α羥膽固醇氧化酶C．膽酰CoA合成酶D．鵝脫氧膽酰CoA合成酶78、下列哪組物質屬于初級膽汁酸？A．膽酸、脫氧膽酸B．甘氨膽酸、石膽酸C．?；悄懰帷⒚撗跄懰酓．甘氨鵝脫氧膽酸、?；蛆Z脫氧膽酸79、下列哪種物質是腸內細菌作用的產物？A．膽紅素B．鵝脫氧膽酸C．硫酸膽紅素D．膽素原80、影響腎臟排鉀的因素是：A．血鉀濃度B．醛固酮水平C．遠端腎小管內原尿流速D．以上都對81、尿液中不受飲食和尿量影響，排出量最為恒定的是：A．肌酸B．肌酐C．尿素D．尿酸82、以下哪項不是腎近曲小管受損的早期生化診斷指標？A．β2微球蛋白或α1微球蛋白B．溶菌酶C．視黃醇結合蛋白D．清蛋白83、胃腸激素分泌后通過組織間隙作用于鄰近的靶細胞產生效應的方式為：A．自分泌方式B．神經遞質方式C．外分泌方式或內分泌方式D．旁分泌方式84、影響腸道鈣吸收的最主要因素是：A．腸腔內pHB．食物性質和食物含鈣量C．腸道草酸鹽含量D．體內1，25-（OH）2-D3含量85、疾病時血清及尿液α淀粉酶升高，應除外：Ａ．肝炎Ｂ.急性胰腺炎Ｃ．急性闌尾炎Ｄ．潰瘍穿孔Ｅ．86、血漿[HCO3-]增加時：A．結合鈣濃度降低，離子鈣濃度升高B．結合鈣濃度升高，離子鈣濃度降低C．結合鈣與離子鈣濃度皆升高D．結合鈣與離子鈣濃度皆降低87、降鈣素對鈣磷代謝的影響是：A．使尿磷增加，血磷降低B．使尿磷減少，血磷升高C．使尿鈣減少，血鈣升高D．促進溶骨作用88、甲狀腺素、兒茶酚胺類及黑色素等都是以什么氨基酸為原料合成的？A．色氨酸B．苯丙氨酸C．酪氨酸D．蛋氨酸89、下列哪項檢測屬于腎小球功能檢查？Ａ．GFR試驗Ｂ．濃縮稀釋試驗Ｃ．自由水清除率測定Ｄ．尿滲量測定，滲透溶質清除率測定90、血腦屏障中起主要屏障作用的是：A．腦毛細血管內皮細胞B．基膜C．星形膠質突起形成的血管鞘D．基底膜91、D92、A93、A94、A95、C96、B97、B98、C99、B100、E91、促進神經系統(tǒng)發(fā)育最重要的激素是：Ａ．糖皮質激素Ｂ．生長激素Ｃ．鹽皮質激素Ｄ．甲狀腺激素92、原發(fā)性肝細胞性肝癌最靈敏、最特異的腫瘤標志是：A．AFPB．CEAC．PSAD．NSE，CA19-993、生物體內最穩(wěn)定的活性氧是：A．H2O2B．·OHC．1O2D．O2－·E．H2O94、經典