高考語法復(fù)習(xí)專題十一：虛擬語氣在從句中的應(yīng)用

高中語法專題：虛擬語氣在從句中的應(yīng)用虛擬語氣除主要用于條件句（也就是狀語從句）外，還可用于主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、定語從句等。1.

wish后賓語從句用虛擬語氣與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望，從句謂語用一般過去時或過去進行時:Iwishheweremorecareful.與過去相反的愿望，從句謂語用過去完成時(或would/could+have+過去分詞):IwishIhadn’tsaidthat.

表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望，用would(could/might)＋動詞原形:IwishIcouldspeakyourlanguage.

2.ifonly后的句子用虛擬語氣ifonly

與

Iwish一樣，也用于表示與事實相反的愿望，其后所虛擬語氣的時態(tài)與

wish后所接時態(tài)的情況相同。如：IfonlyIweren'tsonervous.

但愿我不這樣緊張。IfonlyIhadlistenedtoyouradvice!

我要是聽了你的勸告就好了!3.

asif(though)?從句用虛擬語氣以asif(asthough)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句，有時用虛擬語氣.Iloveyouasifyouweremyson.

與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用一般過去時；與過去事實相反，用過去完成時；表示將來的可能性不大，用would(might,could)+動詞原形。注：若從句所內(nèi)容可能為事實，也可用陳述語氣。如：Itseemsasifweshallhavetowalk.

似乎我們得步行了。4.

It’stime(that)....后的從句用虛擬語氣:從句謂語用過去式或者shoulddo（其中should不可以省略）。It’stimeweordereddinner.

/Ithinkit’stimeyoumadeuphermind.

注：time前有時有about和high修飾5.

wouldrather后句子用虛擬語氣“寧愿……”一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?，用過去完成時表過去的愿望。I’dratheryoudidn'tdoit.

/Iwouldratheryoudidn’tmentiontheprice.

6.

某些用虛擬語氣的從句,謂語用（should）do:“一個堅持(insist)、兩個命令(order,command)、三個建議(advise,suggest,propose,recommend)、四個要求(demand,require,request,ask)”Iinsistedthathe(should)stay.

/Thedoctoradvisedthathechangehisjob.注：動詞insist,suggest后接賓語從句時，若從句內(nèi)容尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若從句內(nèi)容已經(jīng)成為事實，則用陳述語氣。HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter.

他堅持說我看過他的信。HeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter.

他堅持要我看他的信。7.

某些用虛擬語氣的主語從句:形容詞important,impossible，necessary,strange,natural,essential(必要的）等后的主語從句通常用虛擬語氣，謂語用（should）do:如：Itisimpossiblethatheshouldleavehere.

/Itisnecessarythathebesentthereatonce.虛擬式動詞原形亦常用在獨立句中，表愿望LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina！中國共產(chǎn)黨萬歲！Godblessyou!上帝保佑你。Goddamnit!該死的！Thedeviltakeyou!見鬼去吧！Sobeitthen.就那樣吧。9.從句中的虛擬時態(tài)往往不受全句時態(tài)影響。Isuggestthatweshouldgotomorrow.我建議我們明天走。Isuggestedthatweshouldgothenextday.我建議我們第二天走。Shesaid,“IfIwereaboyIwouldjointhearmy.”她說，“我如是男孩，就參軍?！盨hesaidthatifshewereaboy,shewouldjointhearmy.她說她如是男孩就參軍。1.IfI_____you,Iwouldn’treturnthecall.A.beB.amC.wasD.were2.IfI_____thewaytoNewYork,I_____.A.knew;woulddriveB.knew;willdriveC.knew;wouldhavedriveD.hadknown;woulddrive3.Don'ttouchthesleepingtiger.Ifhewokeup,he__you.A.wouldattackB.shouldhaveattackedC.wouldhaveattackedD.willattack4.IfI_____you,I_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was/shallpayB.am/willpayC.wouldbe/wouldpayD.were/wouldpay5.---Ithoughtyouwouldcomebacktomorrow.---IwouldifI_____toattendameeting.A.don’thaveB.didn’thaveC.willnothaveD.wouldnothave6.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____absentfromschool.A.werenotill;wouldn'tbe B.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeen D.hadn'tbeenill;couldbe7.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I______himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet8.Ifit______anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.A.hadrainedB.wouldhadrainedC.haveseenD.didsee9.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad10.TheBakersarrivedlastnight,ifthey’dletusknowearlier,______atthestation.A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem11.IfIhadknownthat,I______so.A.wouldn’tdoB.wouldn’thavedoneC.won’tdoD.havenotdone12.---Helencouldn’tgettoFranceafterall.---That’stoobad,I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_______.A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo13.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe______afewbooksonworldhistory.A.hadn’tread B.hasn’treadC.wouldn’tread D.didn’tread14.Wemighthavefailedifyou_______usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive15.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe_______inturn,you_______sotired

A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot16Ifhe______totheteacherattentively,he_______theanswertotheproblemnow.A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknowC.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow17.Ifyouwereoldenough,I______youtogothereyesterday.A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed18.Ifit_____forthesnow,we________themountainyesterday.A.werenot;couldhaveclimbedB.werenot;couldclimbC.hadnotbeen;couldhaveclimbedD.hadnotbeen;couldclimb19.______morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.HadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen20._____itraintomorrow，wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.Were

B.Should

C.Would

D.Will21.______,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou22.______noairorwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld.A.WerethereB.ThereareC.TherewasD.Isthere23.HadIknownhername,________.A.ordoessheknowmine?B.andwheredoesshelive?C.shewouldbebeautifulD.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch24.______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves25._____it_____foryourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadeanyprogress.A.Were;not

B.Had;notbeen

C.Should;notbeen

D.Did;be26.____forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften.A.Ifitisnot

B.Wereitnot

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Iftheywerenot27.____Itotellheraboutit,shewouldbeveryglad.A.Should

B.Would

C.Were

D.Might28.Withoutyourhelp,I_____inmyEnglishstudy.A.wouldnothavesucceededB.hadn’tsucceededC.willnotsucceed

D.won’thavesucceeded29.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe30.Withoutsunlightorwaterorair,there_____nolifeontheearth.A.willhave

B.wouldbe

C.shouldhave

D.mustbeWithouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight___,toocoldforustolive.A.wouldbefreezingcold

B.willbefreezingcoldlyC.wouldbefrozencold

D.canfreezecoldly32.Butforyouradvice,I_____intotrouble.A.wouldgetB.gotC.mighthavegotD.shouldget33.Butforthesnow,we_______earlier.A.willarrive

B.shouldhavearrived

C.arrive

D.arrived34.---Wherehaveyoubeen?---Igotcaughtinthetraffic;_____Icouldhavebeenheresoon.A.otherwise

B.however

C.though

D.anywayJohnwasverybusylastweek,otherwise,he_________toattendthemeeting.A.wouldhavecome

B.wouldcome

C.shouldcome

D.came36.Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI______thatyouwerewaitingforme. A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknowC.wouldhaveknownD.haven’tknown37.IwouldhavegonetherewithyoubutI_____tootiredthen.A.were

B.hadbeen

C.was

D.havebeen39.Theboyacted______hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since

40.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_______everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown41.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.A.breaks B.hasbrokenC.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken42.Thethiefclosedhiseyes_____he_____dying.A.evenif;was

B.eventhough;wouldbe

C.when;hadbeen

D.asif;were43.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling44.IfonlyI_____howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew45IfonlyI_____youradvice!A.hadtaken

B.took

C.wouldtake

D.havetaken46.Shewishesshe____tothetheatrelastnight.A.went B.wouldgo C.hadgone D.weregoing47.Tomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathe______betallwhenhegrowsup.A.couldB.should C.wouldD.wereableto48.I’dratheryou______rightaway.A.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.toleave49.Don’tcomethisafternoon.I’dratheryou_____tomorrow.A.come

B.tocome

C.came

D.willcome50.Frankly,I’dratheryou______nothingaboutitatthemeetingyesterday.A.saidB.hadsaidC.saidD.should51.Shewouldrather_______moremoneyonbooks_______onclothes.

A.cost;not

B.tospare;don’t

C.pay;than

D.spend;than52.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?A.went B.shallgoC.go D.willgo53.Itishightimewe___upourresults.A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum(G)54.Irecommendedthatthestudent________hiscompositionassoonaspossible.A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting55.TheLawrequiresthateveryone______hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have56.Hedemandedthatthelaboratoryreport____immediatelyaftertheexperimentwasdone.A.waswrittenB.bewrittenC.mustbewrittenD.wouldbewritten.57.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.A.hadn’tspoken B.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeak D.notspeak58.ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_______nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes59.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe______nothingwr