中山大學(xué)翻譯碩士MTI考研真題及答案

中山大學(xué)翻譯碩士MTI考研真題及答案（一）中山大學(xué)翻譯碩士MTI考研真題及答案PhraseTranslationCIF:到岸價(jià)(CostInsuranceandFreight)DowJonesIndustrialAverage:道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)TheRenaissance:文藝復(fù)興meteorstorm:流星雨；流星雨風(fēng)暴intangibleasset:無(wú)形資產(chǎn)insurancepolicy:保險(xiǎn)單，保單immunesystemdisorders:免疫系統(tǒng)疾患;免疫系統(tǒng)病變；疫系統(tǒng)紊亂exchangerate:匯率fiscaldeficit:財(cái)政赤字SiliconValley:硅谷braindrain:人才流失Oedipuscomplex:戀母情結(jié)；俄狄浦斯情結(jié)ForceMajeure:不可抗力multilateralcooperation:多邊合作epidemicdisease:流行病半導(dǎo)體:semiconductor知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán):intellectualproperty;intellectualpropertyrights酸雨：acidrain人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值:GDPpercapita;percapitagrossdomesticproduct外資企業(yè):foreign-ownedenterprise自由撰稿人:free-lancer溫室效應(yīng):greenhouseeffect貿(mào)易順差:tradesurplus貨幣貶值:currencydevaluation;currencydepreciation高血壓:hypertension;highbloodpressure違約責(zé)任:liabilityforbreachofcontract可再生能源:renewableenergy;renewableenergysources;renewableenergyresources主權(quán)國(guó)家:sovereignstate;sovereignty擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需：expanddomesticdemand民意調(diào)查:poll;opinionpoll;opinionsurveyII.PassagetranslationSectionAEnglishtoChineseTheLiteratureofKnowledgeandtheLiteratureofPower(Excerpt)ByThomasdeQuincyWhatisitthatwemeanbyliterature?Popularly,andamongstthethoughtless,itisheldtoincludeeverythingthatisprintedinabook.Littlelogicisrequiredtodisturbthatdefinition.Themostthoughtlesspersoniseasilymadeawarethatintheideaofliteratureoneessentialelementissomerelationtoageneralandcommoninterestofman—sothatwhatappliesonlytoalocal,orprofessional,ormerelypersonalinterest,eventhoughpresentingitselfintheshapeofabook,willnotbelongtoLiterature.Sofarthedefinitioniseasilynarrowed;anditisaseasilyexpanded.Fornotonlyismuchthattakesastationinbooksnotliterature;butinversely,muchthatreallyisliteratureneverreachesastationinbooks.TheweeklysermonsofChristendom,thatvastpulpitliteraturewhichactssoextensivelyuponthepopularmind—towarn,touphold,torenew,tocomfort,toalarm—doesnotattainthesanctuaryoflibrariesintheten-thousandthpartofitsextent.TheDramaagain——as,forinstance,thefinestofShakespeare’splaysinEngland,andallleadingAthenianplaysinthenoontideoftheAtticstage—operatedasaliteratureonthepublicmind,andwere(accordingtothestrictestletterofthatterm)publishedthroughtheaudiencesthatwitnessedtheirrepresentationsometimebeforetheywerepublishedasthingstoberead;andtheywerepublishedinthisscenicalmodeofpublicationwithmuchmoreeffectthantheycouldhavehadasbooksduringagesofcostlycopyingorofcostlyprinting.參考譯文：我們所說(shuō)的“文學(xué)”是什么呢?人們，尤其是對(duì)此欠考慮者，普遍會(huì)認(rèn)為：文學(xué)包括印在書本中的一切。可這種定義無(wú)需多少理由便可被否定。最缺乏思考的人也很容易明白，“文學(xué)”這一概念中有個(gè)基本要素，即文學(xué)或多或少都與人類普遍而共同的興趣有關(guān);因此，那些僅適用于某一局部、某一行業(yè)或僅僅處于個(gè)人興趣的作品，即便以書的形式面世，也不該屬于“文學(xué)”。就此而論，文學(xué)之定義很容易變窄，而它同樣也不難拓寬。因?yàn)椴粌H有許多躋身于書卷之列的文字并非文學(xué)作品，而且與之相反，不少真正的文學(xué)著作卻未曾付梓成書。譬如基督教世界每星期的布道，這種篇什浩繁且對(duì)民眾精神影響極廣的講壇文學(xué)，這種對(duì)世人起告戒、鼓勵(lì)、振奮、安撫或警示作用的布道文學(xué)，最終能進(jìn)入經(jīng)樓書館的尚不及其萬(wàn)分之一。此外還有戲劇，如英國(guó)莎士比亞最優(yōu)秀的劇作，以及雅典戲劇藝術(shù)鼎盛時(shí)期的全部主流劇作，都曾作為文學(xué)作品對(duì)公眾產(chǎn)生過(guò)影響。這些作品在作為讀物出版之前，已通過(guò)觀看其演出的觀眾而“出版”了(這正是“出版”一詞最嚴(yán)格的意義)。在抄寫或印刷都非常昂貴的年代，通過(guò)舞臺(tái)形式“出版”這些劇作遠(yuǎn)比將它們出版成書效果更佳。SectionBChinesetoEnglish制藥行業(yè)的全球化與人們的日常生活密切相關(guān)，在改善人類健康和與疾病的斗爭(zhēng)中，也扮演著不可替代的角色。AM公司就是該行業(yè)的一個(gè)典范，它是全世界最具聲望的公司之一。我認(rèn)為，AAA公司之所以如此令人矚目和受人尊敬，原因是多方面的，其中固然包括它卓越的科研成就和出色的業(yè)務(wù)表現(xiàn)。然而，AM勝人一籌、脫穎而出的真正原因在于該公司多年來(lái)一直非常重視社會(huì)責(zé)任和環(huán)境保護(hù)，并在這方面投入了大量的人力物力。參考譯文：Theglobalizationofpharmaceuticalindustryiscloselyrelatedwithpeople'sdailylife,whichisalsoplaysairreplaceableroleinimprovinghumanhealthandinthestrugglewithdiseases.AAAcompany,oneoftheworld'smostprestigiouscompanies,isaclassicexampleoftheindustry.AsfarasI'mconcerned,AAAcompanyissoremarkableandrespected,forvariousreasons,includingitsexcellentscientificresearchachievementandoutstandingbusinessperformanceindeed.However,therealcausewhyAAAisabletoone-upmanshipandtostandoutisthatforyears,thecompanyhasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetosocialresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalprotection,an