考研考博-英語-蘭州大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thepriestmadetheofthe（

）crosswhenheenteredthechurch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mark

B.signal

C.sign

D.gesture

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:牧師進(jìn)入教堂之前比劃了一個(gè)十字。

Signofthecross為固定搭配，意為“十字架”,mark標(biāo)記,記號(hào);signal信號(hào);gesture手勢(shì),makeagesture做手勢(shì)；擺...姿態(tài),但是通常不和thecross連用。故選C。

2.單選題

Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitsinteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem,theadministeredsystem,andthetraditionalsystem.

Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket,transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy,reallygoodssuchasautomobiles,shoes,andpizzasaretradedagainsteachotherobviously,findingsomebodywhowantstotradeanoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hence,theintroductiononmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Inthemodernmarketeconomy,goods,andservicesareboughtorsoldformoney.

Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissueedictsorcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbeproduced,exchanged,andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan,drawnupbythegovernment,showedtheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocateddifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningofproduction,consumption,andexchangeforwholeeconomy.

Inatraditionalsociety,productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition:everyperson’splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage,religion,andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition,too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcastemayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons,providethemwithfoodandshelter,carefortheirhealth,andprovidefortheireducation.Clearly,inasystemwhereeverydecisionismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone,progressmaybedifficulttoachieve.Astagnantsocietymayresult.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,abartereconomycanleadto（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolinanadministeredsystem?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasacertainfordeterminingaperson’splaceinatraditionalsociety?

5.Inparagraph2sentence3,“barter”means（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tooutlinecontrastingtypeofeconomicsystems.

B.Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.

C.Toargueforthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.

D.Tocomparebarterandmoney-exchangemarkets.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.rapidspeedtransactions

B.misunderstanding

C.inflation

D.difficultiesfortraders

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Individualhouseholds

B.Smallbusinesses

C.Majorcorporations

D.Thegovernment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Familybackground

B.Age

C.Religiousbelief

D.Custom

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.exchangegood,propertyforothergoods

B.amoreunit

C.akindoffood

D.trade

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem,theadministeredsystem,andthetraditionalsystem.（三種基本方式可以描述為市場(chǎng)體制、管理體制和傳統(tǒng)體制。）文章第一段就點(diǎn)明了三種不同類型的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系：市場(chǎng)體系、行政管理體系和傳統(tǒng)體系。接下來分別介紹了這三種體系，每一段的第一句都點(diǎn)明了具體要介紹的體系。而文章中作者并沒有解釋有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方面的知識(shí)，也沒有表示哪一種經(jīng)濟(jì)體系更優(yōu)越，因此A選項(xiàng)“概述不同類型的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度”正確。B選項(xiàng)“來解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”，是作者沒有解釋的；C選項(xiàng)“論證單一經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的優(yōu)越性”，作者在文中是沒有論述的；D選項(xiàng)“比較易貨市場(chǎng)和貨幣交換市場(chǎng)”，只是市場(chǎng)體系中的兩種形式，并不能概括整篇文章的意思。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第四句話Inabartereconomy,reallygoodssuchasautomobiles...wantstotradeanoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.（在易貨經(jīng)濟(jì)中，真正的商品，如汽車、鞋子和披薩顯然是相互交易的，找到想用舊車交換帆船的人可能并不總是一件容易的任務(wù)。）通過這句話可以看出，在易貨經(jīng)濟(jì)中，可見這種有形的物物交換對(duì)交換者而言是具有很大難度的，交易者想要做交易并沒有那么容易，因此D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)交易者的困難”正確。A選項(xiàng)“快速的交易速度”并不是它的特點(diǎn)；B選項(xiàng)“誤解，誤會(huì)”這一點(diǎn)原文并沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“膨脹；通貨膨脹”不是易貨經(jīng)濟(jì)體現(xiàn)的。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到倒數(shù)第二段Thecentralplan,drawnupbythegovernment,showedtheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocateddifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.（政府制定的中央計(jì)劃顯示了不同公司生產(chǎn)的每種商品的數(shù)量，并分配給不同的家庭用于消費(fèi)。）這一段講述了如何去制定市場(chǎng)的相關(guān)規(guī)定，而最高級(jí)的規(guī)定制定就來自于政府，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“個(gè)體戶”，他們只是經(jīng)濟(jì)的參與者；B選項(xiàng)“小企業(yè)”，沒有這個(gè)權(quán)利；C選項(xiàng)“大公司”，仍然沒有政府的等級(jí)高。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段第一句話everyperson’splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage,religion,andcustom.（每個(gè)人在經(jīng)濟(jì)體制中的地位是由出身、宗教和習(xí)慣風(fēng)俗來決定的），可以得出只有B選項(xiàng)“年齡”是沒有提到的，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“家庭背景”；C選項(xiàng)“宗教信仰”；D選項(xiàng)“風(fēng)俗”都是提到了的。

5.語義推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段Inabartereconomy,reallygoodssuchasautomobiles,shoes,andpizzasaretradedagainsteachotherobviously.（在易貨經(jīng)濟(jì)中，真正的商品，如汽車、鞋子和披薩顯然是相互交易的。）可以看出來在易貨經(jīng)濟(jì)中交易的都是一些實(shí)在的物品，因此A選項(xiàng)“用貨物、財(cái)產(chǎn)等交換其他貨物”是正確的。B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)單位”原文沒有提及；C選項(xiàng)“一種食物”，只是其中的一種；D選項(xiàng)“交易”，這就是這件事本身。

3.單選題

Fishingaddsonlyabout1percenttotheglobaleconomy,butonaregionalbasisitcancontributeenormouslytohumansurvival.Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.

Fishingtypicallydoesnotrequirelandownership,andbecauseitremains,ingeneralopentoall,itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.WithinSoutheastAsiaalone,morethanfivemillionpeoplefishfull-time.InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean.InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork.

Althoughdebatesovertheconservationofnaturalresourcesareoftencastasaconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment.MichaelP.SissenwineandAndrewA.RosenbergoftheU.S.NationalMarineFisheriesServicehaveestimatedthatifdepletedspecieswereallowedtorebuildtotheirlong-termpotential,theirsustainableusewouldaddabout$8billiontotheU.S.grossnationalproduct—andprovidesome300,000jobs.Iffishpopulationswererestoredandproperlymanaged,about20millionmetrictonscouldbeaddedtotheworld’sannualcatch.Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.

Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.Foreach$1millionofinvestment,industrial-scalefishingoperationsrequireonlyonetofivepeople,whereassmall-scalefisherieswouldemploybetween60to3,000.Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence.

1.Theanimalsourcewhichsuppliesthemostproteinforhumanbeingis.

2.Paragraph2impliesthat.

3.Intheconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,theauthortakessideswiththosewhoareinfavorof.

4.Thebalancebetweenjobsandtheemploymentcanbekeptif.

5.Thepassagesuggeststhatmakinglessuseofmoderntechnologymay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beef

B.fish

C.pork

D.chicken

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mostofmen’semploymentisfromfishing

B.mancanalwaysturntofishingforemployment

C.fortypercentofChileansliveonfishingboatsorships

D.fishinghasbeenthebiggestindustryinNewfoundland

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasingtheannualcatch

B.creatingmorejobs

C.gettinggreaterfiscalprofitability

D.conservingnaturalresources

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fishingcapacityisfurtherincreased

B.fishingjobsarefurtherincreased

C.fewerwell-equippedfishingshipsareused

D.fewerspeciesareallowedtorebuild

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.reducepressureonfishpopulations

B.threatentheworld’sannualcatch

C.increasegovernment’sinvestment

D.costtensofthousandsoffishermen’sjobs

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第一段第二句話Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.“海洋漁業(yè)對(duì)世界蛋白質(zhì)供應(yīng)的貢獻(xiàn)超過牛肉、家禽或任何其他動(dòng)物來源?！钡诙?，綜合理解，這里講的是魚類貢獻(xiàn)的蛋白質(zhì)比其他動(dòng)物來源更多所以這里答案選B選項(xiàng)“魚肉”，

A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是其他動(dòng)物來源，所以不選，這里屬于反向干擾。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到文章第二段第一句的最后一個(gè)分句...itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.“……在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，這往往是最后的謀生手段——當(dāng)沒有其他選擇的時(shí)候時(shí)的一種職業(yè)”，當(dāng)人們沒有選擇的時(shí)候可以選擇這種職業(yè)，也就是人們總能通過漁業(yè)求生，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“人們總是可以通過捕魚來尋找工作”。

A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人的職業(yè)是捕魚”，定位到第二段第二句Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.“全世界約有2億人以捕魚為生”。全球人口約60億，而漁業(yè)占2億，所以不能說大部分人靠漁業(yè)為生，這里屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“40%的智利人生活在漁船或船只上”，第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean“在智利北部，40%的人口靠海洋為生”。第二步，綜合理解，該句只是說智利40%的人口靠海生活，并不是說40%的人口住在船上，這里屬于曲意理解。

D選項(xiàng)“捕魚一直是紐芬蘭最大的產(chǎn)業(yè)”，第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段最后一句話InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork“在紐芬蘭，大部分就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)來自漁業(yè)或該行業(yè)的服務(wù)——直到20世紀(jì)90年代初鱈魚漁業(yè)的崩潰，導(dǎo)致數(shù)萬人失業(yè)”。第二步綜合理解，鱈魚在上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代就已經(jīng)崩潰了，因此紐芬蘭的漁業(yè)早就崩潰了。而題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表達(dá)的意思是漁業(yè)現(xiàn)在仍然是紐芬蘭的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，這不符合題意，這里屬于偷換概念。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第三段第一句話therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment“但魚類數(shù)量的恢復(fù)實(shí)際上會(huì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)?！?，第二步綜合理解，從這里可知作者認(rèn)為保護(hù)資源和就業(yè)之間沒有沖突，保護(hù)了資源就能促進(jìn)就業(yè)，所以作者是支持保護(hù)自然資源的，所以答案選D“保護(hù)自然資源”。

A選項(xiàng)“增加年捕獲量”，定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是，要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全，就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這里作者倡導(dǎo)的是減少捕撈，所以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)不能選，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于曲意理解。

C選項(xiàng)“獲得更大的財(cái)政盈利能力”。定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是，要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全，就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這句和題目無關(guān)，所以這里屬于偷梁換柱。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段第二句話Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.（政府可以通過減少對(duì)高度機(jī)械化船只的補(bǔ)貼來增加就業(yè)并減少對(duì)魚類種群的壓力）。第二步，綜合理解，上文講到捕魚能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià)，然后作者提出了這個(gè)主意，減少對(duì)機(jī)械漁船的補(bǔ)貼，所以這里答案選C選項(xiàng)“更少的裝備精良的漁船”。

A選項(xiàng)“捕撈能力進(jìn)一步提高”，定位到第三段最后一句話...fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全將需要大幅度降低商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。從這里可知捕魚能力應(yīng)該減少而不是增加，所以不選A選項(xiàng)，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“漁業(yè)工作進(jìn)一步增加”。文章沒有提到工作的增加，這里屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“更少的物種被允許重建”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里講的是枯竭的物種允許其重建，而不是更少的物種恢復(fù)，這里屬于偷換概念。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民，因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~類正在枯竭”。第二步綜合理解，因?yàn)楣I(yè)捕魚導(dǎo)致漁業(yè)資源枯竭，更少的使用工業(yè)漁船也就是現(xiàn)代科技會(huì)讓漁業(yè)恢復(fù)，魚就會(huì)更多，魚類種群的壓力就沒有那么大了，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“減少對(duì)魚類種群的壓力”。

B選項(xiàng)“威脅到世界的年度捕撈”。定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民，因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~類正在枯竭”。文章題干是減少現(xiàn)代科技的使用會(huì)威脅世界的年捕撈量，文章所描述的正是因?yàn)楣I(yè)漁船的使用才造成漁業(yè)資源枯竭的，這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“增加政府投資”。文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“損失了成千上萬漁民的工作”。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段第一句話Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.“捕魚能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià)”，所以D選項(xiàng)不選，這里屬于反向干擾。

4.翻譯題

Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothepersonallivesofcelebrities.Itseemsthatthepubliccannotgetenoughofthiskindofnews.However,Ibelievethatthemediahavearesponsibilitytopresentabalancedviewoftheworld,aswellasrespectthelivesofpublicfigures.Therefore,Ibelievethatthemediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeople.

Forpeoplewhoarefascinatedwiththelivesofpublicfigurestherearesomeformsofmediadevotedexclusivelytothistopic.TheycansatisfytheircuriositybybuyingfanmagazinesandwatchingTVshowsdevotedtoentertainmentnews.Thegeneralmediashouldpresentalltypesofinformationbecausepeoplehavedifferentinterests.Furthermore,thepracticeofdwellingontheprivatelivesofcelebritiescanleadpeopletopaymoreattentiontothesemattersthantheyotherwisewould.Perhapsmostimportantly,themediashouldrespecttheprivacyofeveryindividual,includingpublicfigures.Theymayhavechosentobeinthepubliceye,butthatdoesgivethepublictherighttoknoweverythingaboutthem.Moreover,manystoriesaboutcelebritiesareuntrue;theyareonlygossipreportedto-increasesalesofmagazinesandothermedia.Theyareunfairtothefamousandmisleadthepublic.

Forallofthesereasons,Ibelievethatthemediashouldpaymoreattentiontomattersotherthantheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Inthisway,theycanappealtoawideraudienceandencouragepeopletodevelopotherinterests.Inmyopinion,themediacurrentlypaytoomuchattentiontotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】【參考譯文】

幾乎每一種媒體，包括電視、報(bào)紙和雜志，都把許多焦點(diǎn)放在名人的私生活上。公眾似乎對(duì)這類新聞一直感興趣。然而，我認(rèn)為媒體有責(zé)任以公正的觀點(diǎn)報(bào)道時(shí)事，并尊重公眾人物的生活。因此，我認(rèn)為媒體確實(shí)過分關(guān)注名人的私生活。

因?yàn)橛行┤藢?duì)公眾人物的生活很著迷，所以有些媒體就專門報(bào)道這個(gè)話題。他們可以通過購(gòu)買針對(duì)歌迷發(fā)行的雜志和觀看電視節(jié)目的娛樂新聞來滿足自己的好奇心。一般媒體應(yīng)該提供所有類型的信息，因?yàn)槿藗兊呐d趣各不相同。此外，老是糾纏于名人的私生活會(huì)讓人們比平時(shí)更關(guān)注這些事情。也許最重要的是，媒體應(yīng)該尊重每個(gè)人的隱私，包括公眾人物的隱私。他們可能選擇了出現(xiàn)在公眾的視線中，但那并不表示大眾有權(quán)知道他們的一切。此外，許多關(guān)于名人的故事都是不真實(shí)的；它們只是用來增加雜志和其他媒體銷量的八卦報(bào)道。那些不實(shí)的報(bào)道不僅對(duì)名人不公平，還會(huì)誤導(dǎo)公眾。

基于所有這些理由，我認(rèn)為媒體應(yīng)該多關(guān)注公眾人物私生活以外的事情。通過這種方式，他們可以吸引更廣泛的受眾，并鼓勵(lì)人們培養(yǎng)其他興趣。在我看來，目前的媒體過于關(guān)注公眾人物以及他們的私生活。

5.單選題

AmItounderstandthathisnewpost（）noresponsibilitywithitatall?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.keeps

B.supports

C.carries

D.possesses

【答案】C

【解析】常用搭配。carryresponsibility為常用搭配,意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

13.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Intheschool.

B.Atschool.

C.Inthehospital.

D.Tothedorm.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Itseemstobeyoursourceofcomforttopraywhenyouareonyourownatnight.

W:Yes,itis.Idon’tknowwhatIwilldoifIdidn’thavefaith.

M:Iknowit’simportantforyoutobeabletopray.ThatiswhyIneedtofindawayforyoutosayyourprayersandyetbesuretheotherpatientsarenotawakened.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話中提到了patients，由此推斷對(duì)話發(fā)生在醫(yī)院。

7.單選題

（）theoldprofessorisstillworkinghardinhislabdayandnight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asoldheis

B.Oldasheis

C.Howeverheisold

D.Thougholdishe

【答案】B

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。However引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句置于句首時(shí)需要倒裝，Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句置于句首時(shí)不需要倒裝，由此可首先排除選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D；as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句置于句首時(shí)，需將表語或狀語提前構(gòu)成倒裝。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.單選題

Luckily,therewerenosecondaryinfectionsandbothofthepatients（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lived

B.revived

C.survived

D.existed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:幸運(yùn)的是沒有繼發(fā)感染且這兩位病人活下來了。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Live住,居住,生存;revive(使)蘇醒,復(fù)活,重新使用;survive生存,存活,繼續(xù)存在,幸存;exist存在,實(shí)際上有,生活。故C符合句意。

9.單選題

Iwasbornin1927,theonlychildofmiddle-classparents.IwassenttoapublicschoolIwastedtwoyearsdoingmynationalservice,IwenttoOxford;andthereIbegantodiscoverIwasnotthepersonIwantedtobe.?

IhadlongbeforemadethediscoverythatIlackedtheparentsandancestorsIneeded.Myfatherwas,throughbeingtherightageattherighttimeratherthanthroughanygreatprofessionaltalent,aseniorArmyofficer;andmymotherwastheverymodelofawould-bemajorgeneral'swife,Thatis,sheneverarguedwithhimandalwaysbehavedasifhewerelisteninginthenextroom,evenwhenhewasthousandsofmilesaway.

Likeallmennotreallyuptotheirjob,hewasasticklerforexternalsandpettyquotidianthings;andinlieuofanintellecthehadaccumulatedanarmoryofcapitalizedkey-wordslikeDisciplineandTraditionandResponsibility.IfIeverdared—Iseldomdid—toarguewithhim,hewouldproduceoneofthesetotemwordsandcoshmewithit,asnodoubtinsimilarcircumstanceshecoshedhissubordinates,onestillrefusedtoliedownanddie,helost,orloosed,histemper.Histemperwaslikeaviolentreddog,andhealwayshaditclosetohand.

Duringmylastyearsatschool,IrealizedthatwhatwasreallywrongwithmyparentswasthattheyhadnothingbutablanketcontemptforthesortoflifeIwantedtolead.Iwas"good"atEnglish,Ihadpoemsprintedpseudonymouslyintheschoolmagazine.IthoughtD.H.Lawrencethegreatesthumanbeingofthecentury.MyparentshadcertainlyneverreadLawrence,andhadprobablyneverheardofhim.Therewerethings,Icertainemotionalgentlenessinmymother,anoccasionaleuphoricjollinessinmyfather,Icouldhavebornemoreof;butalwaysIlikedinthemthethingstheydidn'twanttobelikedfor.BythetimeIwaseighteentheyhadbecomemereproviders,forwhomIhadtoexhibitatokengratitude,butforwhomIcouldn'tfeelmuchelse.

Iledtwolives.AtschoolIgotasmallreputationasawartimeaestheteandcynic.Buthadtojointheregiment-TraditionandSacrificepressgangedmeintothat,Iinsisted,andluckilytheheadmasterofmyschoolbackedme,thatIwantedtogotouniversityafterwards.Iwentonleadingadoublelifeinthearmy,queasilyplayingatbeingBrigadier“Blazer”Urfe’ssoninpublic,andnervouslyreading“PenguinNewWriting”andpoetrypamphletsinprivate.AssoonasIcould,Igotmyselfdemobilized.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thebasicconflictbetweentheauthorandhisparentsisconflictof（）

2.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Theauthorusedmanyphrasessuchas“throughbeingtherightageattherighttimeratherthanthroughanygreatprofessionaltalent”justtoasserthisfather's（）

4.Bysaying“Icouldhavebornemoreof”(Para.4),theauthormeans（）

5.Thephrase“inlieuof”inParagraph3canbereplacedby（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotions

B.aesthetictheories

C.literary

D.values

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthor'smotherwasahumbleandsubmissivewoman

B.Theauthor'sfatherhadanexplosivetemper

C.Theauthor'smotheralwaysinsistedontrivialeverydaymatters

D.Theauthor'sfatheralwaysinsistedonsurfaceappearances

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.complacence

B.inadequacy

C.nostrum

D.indecorum

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.“Ishouldhavedesiredmoreof”

B.“Ioughttohavegotmoreof”

C.“Iwouldnothavemindedmoreof”

D.“Ishouldnothavetoleratemoreof”

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.insteadof

B.without

C.forthesakeof

D.byvirtueof

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:文章第四段第一句Duringmylastyearsatschool,IrealizedthatwhatwasreallywrongwithmyparentswasthattheyhadnothingbutablanketcontemptforthesortoflifeIwantedtolead可知作者與父母的矛盾在于父母看不起作者想要的生活，所以可以推斷出他們之間是價(jià)值觀存在分歧。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第2題:文章第三段最后一句Histemperwaslikeaviolentreddog,andhealwayshaditclosetohand提到父親的脾氣像一條瘋狗，所以選項(xiàng)B可以排除；文章第三段第一句Likeallmennotreallyuptotheirjob,hewasasticklerforexternalsandpettyquotidianthings提到父親是一個(gè)非常注重外表的人，選項(xiàng)D可以排除；文章第二段最后一句Thatis,sheneverarguedwithhimandalwaysbehavedasifhewerelisteninginthenextroom,evenwhenhewasthousandsofmilesaway提到母親從來不會(huì)與父親爭(zhēng)論，所以選項(xiàng)A可以排除。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第3題:文章第二段第二句Myfatherwas,throughbeingtherightageattherighttimeratherthanthroughanygreatprofessionaltalent,aseniorArmyofficer，作者認(rèn)為父親得到職位靠得是機(jī)遇，而不是能力，作者認(rèn)為父親資質(zhì)不夠，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:文章第四段第五句Therewerethings,Icertainemotionalgentlenessinmymother,anoccasionaleuphoricjollinessinmyfather,Icouldhavebornemoreof;butalwaysIlikedinthemthethingstheydidn'twanttobelikedfor提到作者渴望有一個(gè)溫柔的母親和一個(gè)偶爾興高采烈的父親，但是我喜歡那些他們不希望我喜歡的東西?？梢酝茢嘧髡卟]有這樣的父母，而是希望有，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第5題:insteadof“不是……而是”；without“沒有”；forthesakeof“為了”；byvirtueof“由于”。文章第三段第一句的后半句andinlieuofanintellecthehadaccumulatedanarmoryofcapitalizedkey-wordslikeDisciplineandTraditionandResponsibility提到作者父親積累的很多關(guān)鍵詞，但是沒有積累多少智慧。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastoneear,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition.

In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplightwerevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.

In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.

Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.

1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause（）.

2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto（）.

3.Theauthoruse“thedisplaced”(Para.2,Line6)torefertothosewhoare（）.

4.Theword“eligible”(Para.3,Line4)issynonymouswith（）.

5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocars

B.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocars

C.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyear

D.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.inadequatefeeding

B.malnutrition

C.unemployment

D.automation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unemployed

B.disabled

C.sick

D.poor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.necessary

B.urgent

C.needed

D.worthy

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram

B.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorother

C.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.

D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段說到了原因“Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear…”，不僅汽車產(chǎn)量大，平均家庭持有量也很大，這就是原因。B選項(xiàng)“超過四分之一的家庭擁有兩輛車”由“morethanaquarterhavetwoeach”得出。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題要求找出“一千萬美國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的健康狀況很糟糕”的主要原因。文章第二段第三句說到“Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor”，長(zhǎng)期失業(yè)應(yīng)被視為主要因素，C選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:3.詞義推測(cè)題。第二段是在說造成一千萬美國(guó)人健康狀況糟糕的原因，且說到失業(yè)是主要因素，關(guān)鍵詞所處句子只是個(gè)例子，為了說明上一句中“十分之九的失業(yè)是由工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的自動(dòng)化造成的”，說明thedisplaced就是指由自動(dòng)化導(dǎo)致失業(yè)的人。A選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.詞義推測(cè)題。該詞出現(xiàn)在第三段第三句中“AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram”，本句表示“根據(jù)《社會(huì)保障法》，貧困線以下的家庭……從特別福利計(jì)劃中獲得福利”，既然是《社會(huì)保障法》中的條款，則保障的對(duì)象應(yīng)為貧困線以下的家庭，及這些家庭是“有資格的”，D選項(xiàng)worthy“配得上的；值得的”更合適。

第5題:5.推理判斷題。本題問的是美國(guó)人比大多數(shù)其他國(guó)家人生活更好的原因，這一結(jié)論出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段最后一句，其前面一句給出了原因“socialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline”，社會(huì)福利項(xiàng)目在一定程度上解決了貧困人口的衣食住行問題，D選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)福利項(xiàng)目在一定程度上解決了貧困人口的問題”符合文意。

11.單選題

“Youmustalwaysobeyyourleaders.’’Oh,Imust,（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustn’tI

B.mustI

C.shouldn’tI

D.shouldI

【答案】B

【解析】句意:“你必須服從領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”?！班?，難道必須嗎？”

語法題?？疾榉戳x疑問句。反問用法(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語)表示對(duì)說話對(duì)象的質(zhì)疑,反對(duì),驚訝或反駁。

12.單選題

Thenewsabouttheterriblefloodtheregreatlydiscouraged（）thereforasight-seeing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.usfromgoing

B.ustogo

C.ourgoing

D.ourtogo

【答案】A

【解析】句意:關(guān)于那個(gè)地方的可怕洪水的新聞報(bào)道，使我們不想去那藍(lán)觀光了。

考查固定搭配。discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。

13.單選題

Thisfocusonrotememorizationcanbe____tocultivatingstrongcreativethinkersorcomingupwiththeirownwayofdoingthings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detrimental

B.conducive

C.confidential

D.perceptual

【答案】A

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)detrimental“不利的；有害的”；B選項(xiàng)conducive“有益的；有助于”；C選項(xiàng)confidential“機(jī)密的；表示信任的”；D選項(xiàng)perceptual“感知的；有知覺的”。句意：專注于死記硬背，對(duì)于培養(yǎng)具有強(qiáng)大的創(chuàng)造性思維思考者是____的，對(duì)于形成他們自己的做事方式也是____的。想培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造性思維不能只死記硬背，A選項(xiàng)detrimental“不利的；有害的”符合語境。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

14.單選題

Restandproperdietarecontributivetogoodhealth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conducive

B.apprehensive

C.pervasive

D.exclusive

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.conducive有助的；有益的B.apprehensive憂慮的；不安的

C.pervasive普遍的D.exclusive獨(dú)有的；專用的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：休息和適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍硨?duì)身體健康……。根據(jù)句意，休息和適當(dāng)飲食應(yīng)該是有益于身體健康。因此選A。劃線詞contributive意為“有幫助的”。A選項(xiàng)與劃線詞意思相近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】休息和適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍秤兄谏眢w健康。

15.單選題

Historically,humansgetseriousaboutavoidingdisastersonlyafteronehasjuststruckthem.（1）thatlogic,2006shouldhavebeenabreakthroughyearforrationalbehavior.Withthememoryof9/11still（2）intheirminds,Americanswatchedhurri