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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)海源學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題
Thetoneofthearticle()thewriter'smoodatthetime.
問題1選項
A.reproduced
B.reflected
C.imagined
D.imitated
【答案】B
【解析】句意:這篇文章的語氣反映了這位作者當時的情緒。、
考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。reproduce復(fù)制,再生,生殖;reflect反映,反射;imagine想像,猜想,臆斷;imitate模仿,仿造??崭裉巹釉~的賓語為thewriter'smood(作者的情緒),因此B符合句意。
2.單選題
Awell-establisheddistinctioninmemorytheoryisthatbetweenshort-termandlong-termmemory.Theformerreferstoourabilitytodosuchthingsasremembertelephonenumberslongenoughtodialthem,thelatter-concernsthewiderangeofwaysinwhichexperiencecanaffectbehaviormanyyearslater.Giventhetwodifferentkindsofability,itisreasonabletohypothesizethateachisrepresenteddifferentlyinthebrain.Anexperimentwasdesignedtotestthehypothesisthatlong-termmemoryimpliesachemicalchangeinthebraincells,whileshort-termmemoryinvolvespatternsofimpulsesinelectricofservecells.
Onegroupofratsweretaughttorunthroughamaze.Fiveminutesafterlearningthetask,theywerecooledto5°C,thetemperatureatwhichallelectricalactivityinthebrainceased.Theyweretenkeptatthistemperaturefor15minutesbeforebeingallowedtotheirnormaltemperature.Theywerethenrunthroughthemaze,again.
Asecondgroupofratsweretaughttorunthesamemaze,andthenimmediatelycooledto5°Cfor15minutes.Alterbeingallowedtoreturntotheirtemperature,anattemptwasmadetorunthesecondgroupthroughthemazeagain.Itwasfoundthatratsinthefirstgrouphadnodifficultywiththemazethesecondtime,suggestingthattheydidnothavetorelearnthetask.Ratsinthesecondgroupwhichwascooledimmediatelyafterlearningthemaze,ontheotherhand,couldnotnegotiatethemazesuccessfully,i.e.,theyapparentlycouldnotrememberwhattheyhadlearned.
Itwasconcludefromthisexperimentthatshort-timememory(inrats,atleast)isunlikelong-termmemory.Short-termmemoryinvolveselectricalimpulsessinceatatemperaturewhereelectricalactivityceases,thereisnomemory.Long-termmemory,incontrast,isunaffectedbythedisruptionofelectricalactivityandmayinvolvestructuralchangesinbraincells.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
2.Rememberingaddressbelongsto(
).
3.Theexperimentsoftwogroups(
).
4.Ifratscooledto5℃for15minutesimmediately,whatwillhappenafterbeingallowedtoreturntotheirnormaltemperature?
5.Electricalimpulsesaffect(
).
問題1選項
A.Thedifferencebetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.
B.Theexperimentoftwogroupsofrats.
C.Thetemperatureforratstolosetheirmemory.
D.Theimportanceofmemory.
問題2選項
A.short-termmemory
B.long-termmemory
C.bothAandB
D.neitherAorB
問題3選項
A.temperatureaffectsrats’memory
B.therelationshipbetweentemperatureandmemoryisveryclear
C.thereisdistinctionbetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory
D.ratscanrelearnthetaskafterforgettingit
問題4選項
A.Theyhavenodifficultincrossingthesamemaze.
B.Theylosetheirwayinthemaze..
C.Theycanrememberthewaycorrectly.
D.Theygothroughthemazeafterseveraltrying.
問題5選項
A.long-termmemory
B.short-termmemory
C.structuralchanges
D.braincells
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:B
【解析】1.文章主要介紹了關(guān)于短期記憶和長期記憶的區(qū)別的科學(xué)假設(shè),選項A符合題意。
2.文章第一段指出記電話號碼是短期記憶,所以記地址也是短期記憶,選項A符合題意。
3.文章最后一段第一句話itwasconcludefromthisexperimentthatshort-timememory(inrats,atleast)isunlikelong-termmemory明確提出實驗證明了短期記憶與長期記憶是不同的。選項C符合題意。
4.文章第三段提到第二組老鼠的體溫被立即降到5攝氏度,結(jié)果是它們沒有成功走過迷宮。選項B符合題意。
5.文章最后一段Short-termmemoryinvolveselectricalimpulsessinceatatemperaturewhereelectricalactivityceases,thereisnomemory提到短跑受電流脈沖的影響,所以選項B符合題意。
3.單選題
Wehaveinvested(
)£80,000inthisproject,buttillnowthereisnohopeforustogetapennyback.
問題1選項
A.subsequently
B.unexpectedly
C.approximately
D.reluctantly
【答案】C
【解析】考查副詞辨析。subsequently“隨后”;unexpectedly“出乎意料地”;approximately“大約”;reluctantly“不情愿地”。句意:盡管我們已在這個項目上投資了大約8萬英鎊,但是直到現(xiàn)在我們拿回一分錢的希望都沒有。C項最符合句意,故答案C
4.單選題
Thereisanoldsayingthatyoucannever______unlessyougiveyourconsent.
問題1選項
A.beinsulted
B.insult
C.insulting
D.toinsult
【答案】A
【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。該句同位語從句中的主語“you”是動作“insult”的承受者,因此應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),又謂語動詞是情態(tài)動詞,被動形式應(yīng)為“情態(tài)動詞+bedone”。句意:有句老話說,除非你同意,否則你永遠不會被侮辱。因此A選項正確。
5.單選題
Theteacherdidn’tbelievethatTedwasannoyingmeuntilshesawhiminthe____actofpullingmyhair.
問題1選項
A.public
B.opponent
C.overt
D.oblique
【答案】C
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.public公開的;大庭廣眾的B.opponent反對者n.
C.overt公開的;公然的D.oblique隱晦的
【答案】C
【考查點】語義銜接與形容詞辨析
【解題思路】空格處前后語義為“老師一直不相信Ted在煩我,直到她看見他____扯我的頭發(fā)。”根據(jù)語義銜接可知,此處應(yīng)該為C選項overt“公開的;公然的”符合語義要求,側(cè)重于指行為不是偷偷做的。
【干擾項排除】
A選項public“公開的;大庭廣眾的”,側(cè)重于指面向公眾的;
B選項opponent“反對者”,不符合原文語義銜接;
D選項oblique“隱晦的”,不符合原文語義銜接。
【句意】直到老師看見Ted公然扯我的頭發(fā)時,她才相信他在煩我。
6.單選題
Crimeisincreasingworldwide,andthereiseveryreasontobelievethe(
)willcontinueintothenextdecade.
問題1選項
A.emergency
B.trend
C.pace
D.schedule
【答案】B
【解析】名詞辨析題。emergency緊急情況,突發(fā)事件;trend趨勢,走向;pace步伐,速度;schedule時間表,日程安排。
句意:全世界的犯罪活動一直在增加,我們有充分的理由相信這一趨勢將持續(xù)到下一個十年。選項B符合句意。
7.寫作題
Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion5.
【答案】Cultureisastudyofperfectionandhasitsoriginintheloveofperfection.Itmovesbytheforceofscientificpassionforpureknowledgeandthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.Thespiritofthehumanracefindsitsidealbymakingendlessadditionstoitself,theendlessgrowthinwisdomandbeauty.Cultureisanindispensableaidtoreachthisidealandthatisthetruevalueofculture.Thewholecivilizationinourmodernworldismechanicalandexternal,andtendsconstantlytobecomemoreso.Cultureplaysasignificantrolebecauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.Culturehasonegreatpassionforsweetnessandlight,andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.
8.單選題
Beforepolicecouldstopthedrink-crazeddriver,hehadcrashed______anothercarandsentsixpersonstothehospital.
問題1選項
A.out
B.against
C.into
D.on
【答案】C
【解析】考查詞組辨析。crashout表示“(因極度困倦或醉酒而)入睡,睡覺”;crashagainst表示“碰撞(常發(fā)出巨大的聲響或造成破壞)”,against指對立;crashinto“撞上,墜毀”,into指進去;haveacrushonsb,表示“喜歡某人”,為固定搭配。根據(jù)thedrink-crazeddriver與anothercar可知C選項符合語義。句意:在警察還沒來得及制止酒后駕車的司機,他就撞上了另一輛車,并使六個人送往醫(yī)院。
9.單選題
Sincespeechissuchafamiliaractivity,itisoftenregardedasauniversalendowment.
問題1選項
A.gift
B.event
C.trait
D.habit
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。endowment表示“捐贈,天資”。A項gift“天資,禮物”,B項event“事件”,C項trait“特性,品質(zhì)”,D項habit“習(xí)慣,嗜好”。句意:由于演講是令大家如此熟悉的意象活動,所以它被視為一種人人具備的天賦。根據(jù)題意該題選A。
10.單選題
Therehasbeenacollision()anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.
問題1選項
A.composing
B.consisting
C.involving
D.engaging
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析。compose“組成,構(gòu)成”;consist“由…組成”;involve“包含,涉及”;engage“雇傭,參加”。句意:在通往小鎮(zhèn)的主路上發(fā)生了一起碰撞,涉及到許多小轎車。C項符合題意。
11.單選題
TheGoldenGateBridgeiscongestedwithcarsduringrushhours.
問題1選項
A.digested
B.bound
C.crowded
D.combined
【答案】C
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.digested消化B.bound約束
C.crowded擠滿D.combined使結(jié)合
【答案】C
【考查點】語義銜接
【解題思路】劃線詞前后語義為“高峰期金門大橋____汽車”,高峰期,車流量大,大橋上都是汽車,C選項crowded“擠滿”符合原句語義銜接,iscrowdedwith“擠滿”。原文iscongestedwith“擠滿;塞滿”。
【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原句語義銜接。
【句意】高峰期金門大橋上擠滿了汽車。
12.單選題
Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal______forlivingexpenses.
問題1選項
A.acceptable
B.advisable
C.available
D.applicable
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項acceptable“可接受的”;B選項advisable“可取的”;C選項available“可獲得的”;D選項applicable“適用的”。句意:一般來說,學(xué)生在住房上的開銷應(yīng)該占總共______開銷的五分之一。根據(jù)語境,這里指的是在所擁有的開銷中,住房占五分之一,available“可獲得的”符合題意。因此C選項正確。
13.單選題
Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyearsin______.
問題1選項
A.line
B.end
C.row
D.succession
【答案】D
【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項line“線”,inline表示“協(xié)調(diào),有秩序”;B項end“結(jié)束,末尾”;C項row“行,排”,inrow表示“行內(nèi)的,在行內(nèi)”;D項succession“連續(xù),繼位”,insuccession表示“接連地,連續(xù)地”。根據(jù)前面的句子Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyears“他們已經(jīng)有三年的大豐收了”可知,D項符合語境。句意:他們連續(xù)三年獲得了大豐收。因此,該題選擇D項正確。
14.單選題
Bribery()theconfidencethatmustexistbetweenbuyerandseller.
問題1選項
A.aggravates
B.deteriorates
C.corrodes
D.degenerates
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:aggravates“加重,使惡化;使惱火”;B:deteriorates“惡化,變壞”;C:corrodes“(漸漸)損害;(一點一點地)損傷”;D:degenerates“使退化;惡化;使變質(zhì)”。句意:賄賂傷害了買賣雙方必須存在的信任。根據(jù)句意及動賓搭配可知C最合適。
15.單選題
Lovecan’tconquerall.So,beforecouplestietheknot,theyshouldknowwhatthey’regettinginto.Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether.
Asmuchasapersonlovesanother,heorsheneverreallyknowswhathappensbehindcloseddoorsunlessheorsheisstandingontheotherside.Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether.Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds.Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilitiesbeforesomeonerealizesheorshehasmarriedalazybum.
Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmen---areouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc.?
Oneofthelargestproblemsinmarriagesisthe“in”word:money.Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theylearnoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother.It’simportantforcouplestofigureoutbudgetprioritiesbeforetheyaremarried,andthisisdifficulttodounlessapersonhasbeensharingexpenseswithhisorherpartner.Ifcouplesdon’thavetheirfinancialissuesinorder,theyareboundtosurface,causingtroubleinthemarriage.
It’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher.Aspecialbondformsbetweenpeoplewhosharetheirlivingspace,theirpersonallongings,andtheirlivestogether.Somethingsyoujustdon’tknowuntilyou’velivedwithsomeone.
Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,likemosteverythingelseinthiscountry,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect.Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship.Butifarelationshipisgoingtoendit’sbetterforpeopletodiscoverthehardtruthbeforetheymarry.Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?Peoplemightwanttofindoutbeforetheymaketheseriousdecisiontomarry.
1.“Tietheknot”inthefirstlineofthefirstparagraphmeans().
2.Accordingtotheauthor,throughlivingtogether().
3.Tosomepeoplelivingtogetherbeforemarringisunacceptablebecause().
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
5.Animportantpointtheauthormadeinthispassageis().
問題1選項
A.gettingacquaintedwitheachother
B.datingeachother
C.livingtogetherbeforemarriage
D.gettingmarried
問題2選項
A.acouplecanreinforcetheirlove
B.acouplecanlearnwhoisbetteratdoingthehousework
C.acouplecansavesomemoneyfortheirmarriage
D.acouplecanknoweachotherintimately
問題3選項
A.itisimmoralandinappropriate
B.itmayendarelationshipmorequickly
C.itisashametothecouple’sparents
D.itwillcausemanysocialproblems
問題4選項
A.Livingtogetherbeforemarriageisnowmoreacceptablethanbefore.
B.Littlehouseholdchorescancausetroubleinone’smarriage.
C.Loveistheguaranteeofahappymarriage.
D.Newly-wedsoftenhasmanylifeimbalancestoface.
問題5選項
A.livingtogetherbeforemarriageissignificant;everycoupleshouldtryit
B.livingtogetherbeforemarriageisachoicethatshouldberespected
C.livingtogetheristhebestwaytobridgethegapsbetweenacouple
D.livingtogetherisasymbolofthemodernformofcivilization
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:D
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:B
【解析】第1題:語義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(人們對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少,越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”),由此可知tietheknot指“結(jié)婚”,因此D項正確。
第2題:判斷推理題。A:夫妻能牢固他們的愛情。第六段指出:Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship(同居可以是一種積極的經(jīng)歷,日后會鞏固婚姻,但也可以是結(jié)束一段關(guān)系的事情)。因此A項不正確。B:夫妻可以了解誰更擅長做家務(wù)。第二段指出:Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilities...(通過同居,夫妻可以解決這些責(zé)任分配的不平衡…),此說法并不能推斷出B項,因此B項錯誤。C:夫妻能為他們的婚姻存一些錢。第四段指出:Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theyleanoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother(如果夫妻在婚前同居,他們會互相依賴對方的儲蓄和消費方式。通過削減開支,人們不僅學(xué)會了如何控制每個人的錢袋,而且學(xué)會了如何相互討論財務(wù)問題)。由此可知C項不正確。D:一對夫妻可以親密地了解彼此。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞livingtogether定位到第五段:it’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher(不和他或她住在一起,就很難親密地了解對方),因此D項正確。
第3題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞unacceptable定位至第二段以及第六段。第二段指出:Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether(雖然有些人認為婚前同居是不道德的,但事實上,夫妻們正在通過同居來擴展關(guān)系)。第六段指出:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(雖然有些人認為婚前同居不合適,但這是每個人都應(yīng)該尊重的選擇)。由此可知A項“不道德也不合適”正確。
第4題:判斷推理題。A:與過去相比,現(xiàn)在人們更能接受婚前同居了。第一段第二句指出:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少,越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”)。因此A項正確。B:家務(wù)瑣事會給婚姻帶來麻煩。第二段第三句指出:Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds(例如,家務(wù)責(zé)任的劃分可能是新婚夫婦的一個大事)。因此B項正確。C:愛是美滿婚姻的保證。第六段第四句指出:Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?(即使兩個人彼此相愛,喜歡共度時光,但真正的問題是,你們能一起生活嗎?)。因此C項與原文不符且過于絕對。D:新婚夫婦經(jīng)常面臨許多生活不平衡的問題。第三段指出:Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmen---areouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc(這似乎是一個小問題,但是有多少女人和男人從來沒有想過他們會是唯一做飯、洗碗、吸塵、忙碌、擦洗、消毒、洗衣服、除塵等的人)。因此D項正確。
第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。體現(xiàn)作者觀點態(tài)度的句子可參考第六段:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(雖然有些人認為婚前同居是不合適的,但這是每個人都應(yīng)該尊重的選擇),因此B項“婚前同居是一個應(yīng)該被尊重的選擇”正確。
16.單選題
TheEnglishnovelistWilliamThackerayconsideredthecultofthecriminalsodangerousthathecriticizedDickens’OliverTwistformakingthecharactersinthethieves’kitchenso(
).
問題1選項
A.threatening
B.riveting
C.conniving
D.fearsome
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。threatening“危險的;脅迫的;兇兆的”;riveting“非常迷人的;吸引人的”;conniving“縱容的;默許的”;fearsome“可怕的;害怕的”。句意:英國小說家威廉?薩克雷認為對罪犯的狂熱崇拜是相當危險的,所以他批評狄更斯的《霧都孤兒》讓小偷廚房中的人物是如此吸引人。由consideredthecultofthecriminalsodangerous可知B項符合語境。正是由于作品中塑造的人物具有吸引力才讓人崇拜。
17.單選題
Thepoliceare()theprisoner’sstatementbyquestioningseveralwitnesses.
問題1選項
A.verifying
B.acknowledging
C.expressing
D.confessing
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項verify“核實;查證”;B選項acknowledge“承認;答謝;報償”;C選項express“表達;快遞”;D選項confess“承認;坦白;懺悔”。句意:警察通過詢問幾個證人來……囚犯的供詞。證人的意義在于“核實”,因此A選項正確。
18.單選題
(
)eatriceratherthanpotatoes.
問題1選項
A.Mostofpeople
B.Mostofthepeople
C.Themostofpeople
D.Themostpeople
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。most后面可以直接跟可數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞,意思是“大多數(shù)”;mostof后面接有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞所修飾的名詞,表示“特定范圍中的大多數(shù)”;themost后面通常跟形容詞,表示最高級。因此選項B符合題意。
19.單選題
AppleComputerhasunveileditsnewdesktopcomputerdesign,________alldiskdrivesandprocessorsintoaflatdisplaylessthantwoinchesthick.
問題1選項
A.enclosing
B.whichcontains
C.including
D.whichintegrates
【答案】D
【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。A選項“圍住,附上”;B選項“這些包括”;C選項“包括”;D選項“這些把……合并在了一起”。句意:蘋果公司公開了新款筆記本電腦的設(shè)計,()所有硬盤驅(qū)動器和處理器到一個少于兩英寸厚的平板顯示器中??崭窈竺嬗袀€關(guān)鍵介詞into,能夠和into搭配的只有integrates,所以答案選D。
20.單選題
Ifyourepeatedlyfindyourself_______oragreeingtorequestsyouarereluctanttofulfillandfeelingunhappyabout,youmightwanttolookatsomereasonswhyyousayyeswhenyouprefertosayno.
問題1選項
A.abstaining
B.acquiescing
C.accommodating
D.articulating
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“abstaining”意為“(投票時)棄權(quán);回避;自制”;B選項“acquiescing”意為“默許;勉強同意”;C選項“accommodating”意為“容納;使適應(yīng);供應(yīng);調(diào)解”;D選項“articulating”意為“清晰地發(fā)(音);明確有力地表達;用關(guān)節(jié)連接;使相互連貫”。句意:如果你不斷地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己默許或同意那些你不愿去滿足或感到不開心的要求,你可能想看看為什么你在更想說不的時候卻說“是”的原因。由題干可知,or是并列連詞表選擇,說明橫線處與agreeing(同意)意思相近,acquiescing有默許,勉強同意的意思。因此B選項符合題意。
21.單選題
Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed(1)extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions
(2)
fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein
(3)
andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.
Thesmallerandneweruniversitiesdonot
(4)
thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe
(5)
researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.
(6)
mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis
(7)
tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin(8)
withthelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.
Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto
(9)
theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen
(10)
.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe
(11)
one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen
(12)
judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge.
Forthisreason,they
(13)
studentstomeetotherswithdiffering
(14)
andtoreadwidelyto
(15)
theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.
(16)
asecondaryschoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughinasubjecttoenjoygainingknowledgeforitsown
(17)
.Heshouldbepreparedto
(18)
everyefforttostudyhischosen
(19)
indepth.Heshouldhaveanambitiontomakesome
(20)
contributiontoman’sknowledge.
問題1選項
A.at
B.by
C.to
D.in
問題2選項
A.turns
B.range
C.moves
D.varies
問題3選項
A.prospect
B.place
C.control
D.favor
問題4選項
A.occupy
B.possess
C.involve
D.spare
問題5選項
A.maximum
B.medium
C.virtual
D.vast
問題6選項
A.But
B.As
C.While
D.For
問題7選項
A.natural
B.essential
C.functional
D.optional
問題8選項
A.coordination
B.accordance
C.touch
D.grasp
問題9選項
A.acquire
B.accept
C.endure
D.ensure
問題10選項
A.procession
B.profession
C.possession
D.preference
問題11選項
A.typical
B.true
C.mere
D.only
問題12選項
A.with
B.under
C.on
D.through
問題13選項
A.prompt
B.provoke
C.encourage
D.anticipate
問題14選項
A.histories
B.expressions.
C.interests
D.curiosities
問題15選項
A.broaden
B.lengthen
C.enforce
D.specify
問題16選項
A.amid
B.after
C.over
D.upon
問題17選項
A.object
B.course
C.effect
D.sake
問題18選項
A.take
B.make
C.suffer
D.pay
問題19選項
A.field
B.scope
C.target
D.goal
問題20選項
A.radical
B.truthful
C.meaningful
D.initial
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:D
第6題:A
第7題:B
第8題:C
第9題:A
第10題:B
第11題:D
第12題:A
第13題:C
第14題:C
第15題:A
第16題:D
第17題:D
第18題:B
第19題:A
第20題:B
【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。動詞aim后面一般可以跟兩個介詞,aimat或者aimto,如果是后者的話,后面的動詞應(yīng)該用動詞原形,根據(jù)extending可知此處用at,aimat“針對;旨在”,因此選項A符合題意。
(2)考查動詞詞組。空格處所在句子的大意是:不同大學(xué)對這些功能的重視程度不一樣。varyfrom…to…“因……而異”,選項D符合題意。
(3)考查固定搭配。thepeopleincharge“負責(zé)人”,選項C符合題意。
(4)考查動詞詞義辨析。句子缺少一個謂語動詞,主語是universities,賓語是thestafforrequirement,根據(jù)主語跟賓語的關(guān)系,可知possess“擁有”符合要求。
(5)考查形容詞詞義辨析。maximum“最高的;最多的”;medium“中間的,中等的”;virtual“實質(zhì)上的”;vast“巨大的,大量的”。Smallerandneweruniversities(小規(guī)模并且是新建的大學(xué))與后文的largerinstitutions(較大的機構(gòu))形成對比,空格處是較大機構(gòu)做的事情,因此選項D符合題意。
(6)考查邏輯連接詞??崭裉幮韪鶕?jù)上下文填入一個邏輯連接詞。前面提到新建的小規(guī)模的大學(xué)因缺乏人力物力無法做大量的研究項目,后面提到大部分專家認為科研很重要,二者是有一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選項A符合題意。
(7)考查固定搭配。natural“自然的”;essential“基本的,必要的”;functional“功能的”;optional“可選擇的,隨意的”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵捍蟛糠謱<艺J為搞科研對于教師和學(xué)生及時了解最新信息非?!纱丝芍?,科研對于教師和學(xué)生來說是非常有必要的,beessentialto“對……很有必要”,選項B符合題意。
(8)考查固定搭配。搞科研是為了讓教師和學(xué)生能夠及時了解最新的信息,keepintouchwith為固定搭配,意思是“與......保持聯(lián)系”。選項C符合題意。
(9)考查動詞詞義辨析。acquire“獲得,取得”;accept“接受”;endure“忍耐”;ensure“確?!?。所填動詞后面的賓語是knowledge(知識),acquireknowledge搭配恰當,“獲得知識”符合題意。
(10)考查名詞詞義辨析。procession“隊伍,行列”;profession“職業(yè),專業(yè)”;possession“擁有;財產(chǎn)”;preference“偏愛,傾向”。前半句提到獲取知識,后半句提及“他們選擇的……”,根據(jù)語境可知選項B符合題意。
(11)考查形容詞詞義辨析。后文提到大學(xué)的目的是教育具有判斷力和智慧、知識的男女,說明目的不止一個,選項D符合題意。
(12)考查介詞詞義辨析。空格前面提到menandwomen,后面是judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge,前者與后者是所屬關(guān)系,用介詞with。
(13)考查動詞詞義辨析。prompt“促進”;provoke“驅(qū)使;激怒”;encourage“鼓勵,慫恿”;anticipate“預(yù)料,預(yù)期”。前文提到教育的目的不只一個,所以學(xué)校鼓勵學(xué)生去結(jié)交那些興趣不同的朋友,選項C符合題意。
(14)考查名詞詞義辨析。history“歷史”;expression“表達”;interest“興趣愛好”;curiosity“好奇心”。“學(xué)校鼓勵學(xué)生去結(jié)交那些興趣不同的朋友”,因此選項C符合題意。
(15)考查動詞詞義辨析。broaden“擴大”;lengthen“使延長”;enforce“實施”;specify“指定,詳細說明”。前面提到結(jié)交興趣不同的朋友,會使得他們在研究領(lǐng)域的理解“擴大”。選項A符合題意。
(16)考查介詞詞義辨析。需要填入一個表時間的介詞,onasecondaryschoolcourse“在中學(xué)課程時”,因此選項D符合題意。
(17)考查固定搭配。forone’sownsake“為了自己的利益”。選項D符合題意。
(18)考查固定搭配。makeefforttodo“努力做……”,選項B符合題意。
(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。field“領(lǐng)域”;scope“范圍”;target“目標”;goal“目標”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵荷钊胙芯克诘念I(lǐng)域。選項A符合題意。
(20)考查形容詞詞義辨析。radical“根本的”;truthful“真實的,誠實的”;meaningful“有意義的”;initial“最初的”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵核麘?yīng)該有抱負去為人類的知識做出真實的貢獻。選項B符合題意。
22.單選題
Anewtechnologicalprocessmaybeemployedtotapthisabundantsupplydirectly.
問題1選項
A.exploit
B.search
C.produce
D.reserve
【答案】A
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.exploit開采B.search搜索
C.produce生產(chǎn)D.reserve預(yù)訂;儲備
【考查點】語義銜接
【解題思路】tap的主語是一種新工藝,賓語是這一豐富的資源,原詞tap“利用,開發(fā),發(fā)掘”,A選項exploit“開采”與原詞最接近。
【干擾項排除】
B選項search“搜索”,與原詞詞義不相近;
C選項produce“生產(chǎn)”,不符合原文語義邏輯,生產(chǎn)的賓語一般是產(chǎn)品,而原文的賓語屬于原料;
D選項reserve“預(yù)訂;儲備”,與原詞詞義不相近。
【句意】也許可以采用一種新工藝直接開發(fā)這一豐富的資源。
23.單選題
Thecentury-oldhostilitiesbetweenthetwotribeseventuallyterminatedthroughthepersistenteffortsofthelocalgovernment.
問題1選項
A.diminished
B.shrunk
C.vanished
D.worsened
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意:經(jīng)過當?shù)卣牟恍概?,兩個部落之間長達一個世紀的敵對關(guān)系終于結(jié)束了。A選項diminish“減少,縮小”;B選項shrink“收縮,回避”;C選項vanish“消失”;D選項worsen“惡化”。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指敵意消失了,terminate意為“終止,結(jié)束”,所以選項C與之意思相近,代入符合語境。
24.問答題
LessonsfromthePandemicThatWasn’tTheswineflupandemicdidn’tturn(1)tobethescourgeinternationalhealthagenciespredicted.OnJan.29theWorldHealthOrganizationdeclaredthateventhoughtheH1N1virusisstillspreadinginpartsofEurope,Africa,andAsia,thenumberofconfirmedcasesworldwideisdeclining.About14,000deathsfromswinefluhavebeenreported.That’satragicloss,butit'sasmallnumberconsideringthattherun-of-the-millseasonalflukillsupto500,000peopleeachyear,accordingtotheWHO.
Sowhathavehealthauthorities,scientists,andvaccinemakerslearnedfromtheglobalcatastrophethatwasn’t?Thatviraloutbreaksofthissortareevenlesspredictablethanscientiststhoughtandthatthedefenses(2)
placetodaywouldhavebeenutterlyinadequateagainstamorevirulentstrain.“TheoverwhelmingexpressionofHINIwasmild,”saysGregoryHartl,aspokesmanfortheWHOinGeneva,“Nowaprocesshasbeenestablishedtohelpuslearn.”
Thefirstpriority,manyexpertssay,isoverhaulingtheantiquatedvaccineproductionsystem.Thecurrenttechnology,whichinvolvesgrowingfluvaccinesineggs,issocumbersomethatdrugmakershavetostartinFebruarytoensurethey'llhaveenoughforthefollowingfall.H1N1didn’temergeuntilApril2009,forcingtheCentersforDiseaseControl(CDC)anddrugcompaniestoscramble.Therewastoolittleofthevaccinewhentheviruswaspeaking,andtoomuchwhenitstartedtowane.“We’reverylimited
(3)
thiseggtechnology,andwehavebeenworkingontheissuesince2006,”saysDr.StephenC.Redd,directoroftheCDC’sinfluenzacoordinationunit.
Companiesanduniversitiesareracingtoupgradetheapproach.BaxterInternationalforexample,testedanewcell-culturetechniqueandwasabletobeginproducingvaccineinjust12weeks,onceithadthevirusspecificationsfromtheCDC.BaxtersoldsomeofthevaccineinEuropeandisworkingtogetitstechnologyapprovedforuseintheU.S.similarly,TexasA&MUniversitySystemisbreakinggroundonamanufacturingresearchplantthatwillhouseseveraldifferentvaccine-makingtechnologies—anyofwhichcouldbestartedupontheflyandadapted(4)
whateverpathogencomesalong.
Manufacturingisjustonebottleneck.Whentheswinefluvaccinefinallybecameavailablelastfall,somedoctorshadnocluehowmuchtheywouldgetorwhenitwouldarrive—ifever.Manystatesopted
(
5)mass-vaccinationclinics,thenfailedtomovehigh-riskgroupssuchaspregnantwomenandhealthworkerstotheheadoftheline.JeanneS.Ringel,asenioreconomistfortheRANDCorporationwhostudiespandemics,wassurprisedbythepoorpreparationatthevaccinationclinicnearherLosAngeleshome.Eventhoughclinicsweresupposedtofocus
(6)
prioritypatients,“theydidn’tturnanyoneaway,”shesays.
McKesson,whichworkedwiththeCDCtogettheH1N1vaccinetoclinics,hadjusteightweekstobuildanewdistributionnetwork,saysJeffReinke,avicepresidentatthecompany.OrderscamefromstatesthroughtheCDCandthentoMcKessen—aprocessthecompanyrealizedwastooslow.McKessentighteneditspackagingandshippingtimelines.Inanemail,ReinkesaidhewelcomestheCDC’sinputoncontinuingtoimprovetheprocess.
Flawedcommunicationsalsostymiedvaccinationefforts.Manypeople(7)
highriskwereafraidtogettheH1N1vaccinebecausetheythoughtitwasunproven.Inreality,itwasmanufacturedjustliketheseasonalfluvaccineandtestedenoughtoreassuretheFoodandDrugAdministrationthatitwassafe.Respondingtomisconceptions,theAmericanMedicalAssn,launchedaneducationalWebsiteandAMAmembershoppedonYouTube,Facebook,andTwittertoreassurethepublic.Nexttime,consumeroutreachneedstostartearlierandbemoreaggressive,perhapsincludingTVads,saysMaryAnneMcCaflree,anOklahomaCitypediatricianandAMAboardmembers.“Thebottomlineis,wecame,wesaw,butI’mnotsureweconquered,”McCafifreesays.
SomemisusecamefromtheWHO.Itinitiallyassumedeachpatientwouldneedtwoshotstogetprotection.Onedoseprovedadequateforadults,whichmeantthatmostEuropeancountrieshadenoughvaccine(8)
handtoimmunizealltheirresidents.Butbecauseofconfusionandpublicapathy,thosecountriesendedupprotectingnomorethan10%oftheirpopulations.
Asforvaccinemakers,MorganStanleyanalystsinitiallypredictedthethreelargest—Novartis.Sanofi-Aventis,
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