考研考博-英語-山東大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thewaves（）violentlyagainsttheshore,thepeopletherecouldn’thearthemcryingforhelp.

問題1選項

A.havebeaten

B.beat

C.werebeating

D.beating

【答案】D

【解析】考査非謂語動詞。beat的邏輯主語是thewaves，兩者為主動關(guān)系，所以本題選D。

2.單選題

Shehasdecidedto（）somemoneyeverymonthtohelpthreepeasantgirlsinpoverty-strickenareas.

問題1選項

A.laydown

B.layside

C.setup

D.standupto

【答案】B

【解析】laydown放下，制定，鋪設(shè)，主張；layside擱置，儲蓄，留存；setup建立；standupto經(jīng)得起，抵抗。句意：她決定每個月存點錢幫助三個貧困地區(qū)的農(nóng)村女孩。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

The（）younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.

問題1選項

A.respected

B.inexperienced

C.premature

D.distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在求職競爭中,沒有經(jīng)驗但年輕有志者都被擠掉了。

考查形容詞辨析。Respected受尊敬的;inexperienced無經(jīng)驗的,不熟練的;premature早產(chǎn)的,不成熟的;distinguished著名的,高貴的。因此B符合句意。

4.單選題

Thephrase“progressiveeducation”isone,ifnotprotest,atleastofcontrast,ofcontrastwithaneducationwhichwaspredominantlystaticinsubject-matter,authoritarianinmethods,andmainlypassiveandreceptivefromthesideoftheyoung.Butthephilosophyofeducationmustgobeyondanyideaofeducationthatisformedbywayofcontrast,reactionandprotest,foritisanattempttodiscoverwhateducationisandhowittakesplace.Onlywhenweidentifyeducationwithschoolingdoesitseemtobeasimplethingtotellwhateducationactuallyis,andyetaclearideaofwhatitisgivesusouronlycriterionforjudginganddirectingwhatgoesoninschools.

Itissometimessupposedthatitisthebusinessofthephilosophyofeducationtotellwhateducationshouldbe.Buttheonlywayofdecidingwhateducationshouldbe,atleast,theonlywaywhichdoesnotleadusintotheclouds,isdiscoveryofwhateducationtakesplacewheneducationreallyoccurs.Andbeforewecanformulateaphilosophyofeducationwemustknowhumannatureisconstitutedintheconcrete;wemustknowabouttheworkingofactualsocialforces;wemustknowabouttheoperationsthroughwhichbasicrawmaterialsaremodifiedintosomethingofgreatervalue.Theneedforaphilosophyofeducationisthusfundamentallytheneedforfindingoutwhateducationreallyis.Wehavetotakethosecasesinwhichwefindthereisarealdevelopmentofdesirablepowers,andthenfindouthowthisdevelopmenttookplace.Thenwecanprojectwhathastakenplaceintheseinstancesasaguidefordirectingourotherefforts.Theneedforthisdiscoveryandthisprojectionistheneedforaphilosophyofeducation.

Whattheniseducationwhenwefindactualsatisfactoryspecimensofitinexistence?Inthefirstplace,itisaprocessofdevelopment,ofgrowth.Anditistheprocessandnotmerelytheresultthatisimportant.Atrulyhealthypersonisnotsomethingfixedandcompleted.Heisapersonwhoseprocessesandactivitiesgooninsuchawaythathewillcontinuetobehealthy.Similarly,aneducatedpersonisthepersonwhohasthepowertogoonandgetmoreeducation.

Inanycase,developmentandgrowthinvolvechange,modification,andmodificationindefinitedirections.Itisquitepossibleforateacher,underthesupposedsanctionoftheideaofcultivatingindividuality,tofixateapupilmoreorlessathisexistinglevel.Respectforindividualityisprimarilyintellectual.Itsignifiesstudyingtheindividualtoseewhatistheretoworkwith.Havingthissympatheticunderstanding,thepracticalworkthenbegins,forthepracticalworkisoneofmodification,ofchanging,ofreconstructioncontinuedwithoutend.Thechangemustatleastbetowardsmoreeffectivetechniques,towardsgreaterself-reliance,towardsamorethoughtfulandinquiringdisposition,onemorecapableofpersistenteffortinmeetingobstacles.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thephilosophyofeducation（

）.

2.Thephilosophyofeducationissupposedto（

）.

3.Thechieftaskofthephilosophyofeducationisto（

）.

4.Thesignificanceofdesirableeducationlies（

）.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?（

），

問題1選項

A.isthesameastheconceptionofprogressiveeducation

B.studiestheessenceofeducationandthewayitoccurs

C.conformstoanyideaofeducationthatisconservativeandauthoritarian

D.dealswiththejudgmentanddirectionofschoolmanagement

問題2選項

A.resultfromrealunderstandingofoccurrencesinactualschooling

B.betheonlywayleadingtoobscureunderstandingofeducation

C.havetakenplacewheneducationfirstcameintoexistence

D.bethebasisonwhichdecisionsonpracticaleducationareformulated

問題3選項

A.analyzetheconstitutionofhumannatureingreatdetail

B.clarifythepracticaleffectsofsocialforcesoneducation

C.presenthowrawmaterialsaremadeintovaluablegoods

D.findoutthewaysofhowtobringoutthebesthumanfaculties

問題4選項

A.moreinitsoperationthaninitsmodification

B.lessinitsmodificationthaninitsoperation

C.notonlyinitsresultbutalsoinitsprocess

D.ratherinitsprocessthaninitsresult

問題5選項

A.Thesupposedapprovaloftheideaofcultivatingindividualityisreasonable.

B.Modificationreferstomakingapupildevelopinafixeddirection.

C.Torespectindividualitymeanstodiscoverwhetheranindividualisworthmodifying.

D.Trueeducationshouldbebasedoncultivatingastudentaccordingtohis/hernaturaltalent.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第二句在解釋什么是“教育原理”時提到“itisanattempttodiscoverwhateducationisandhowittakesplace”，選項B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句后半句“isdiscoveryofwhateducationtakesplacewheneducationreallyoccurs”，提到了如何定義教育。將四個選項與之匹配，可知選項A符合題意。

3.文章第二段提到Andbeforewecanformulateaphilosophyofeducationwemustknowhumannatureisconstitutedintheconcrete;wemustknowabouttheworkingofactualsocialforces;wemustknowabouttheoperationsthroughwhichbasicrawmaterialsaremodifiedintosomethingofgreatervalue.（在制定一個教育原理之前，我們需要知道人的本質(zhì)是如何構(gòu)成的，我們必須知道實際的社會力量的作用，我們必須知道如何將基礎(chǔ)原材料通過加工改造成更有價值的東西。）第三段最后一句話Similarly,andeducatedpersonisthepersonwhohasthepowertogoonandgetmoreeducation(一個受教育的人要有能力讓更多人受教育)。從這里可知，教育的主要目的是培養(yǎng)人的能力。選項D符合題意。

4.文章第三段第二句和第三句原文“Inthefirstplace,itisaprocessofdevelopment,ofgrowth.Anditistheprocessandnotmerelytheresultthatisimportant”，選項C與之相符，符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提及到要“respectforindividualityisprimarilyintellectual”(尊重個性是最基本的、明智的)。所以可以推論出作者在強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，強(qiáng)調(diào)因材施教。選項D符合題意。

5.問答題

Manypeopleare(A)naturallydistrustfulofambition,feelingthatitrepresents(B)somethingintractableinhumannature.ThusJohnDeanentitledhisbookabouthisinvolvementintheWatergateaffairduringtheNixonadministrationBlindAmbition,asifambition(C)weretobeblamedforhisignobleactions,andnottheconstellationofqualitiesthat(D)makeuphisrathershabbycharacter.

【答案】C；改成weretoblameforhisignobleactions.toblame用主動形式表被動意義。

6.翻譯題

Thereareatleasttwowaysoftalkingaboutcontemporarycosmopolitancultures.Thefirstistosuggestthatcosmopolitanculturesarethedepthlesscommercialpleasuresoftheincreasinglyplacelesscapitalistelite.Inthisview,cosmopolitancultureisalignedwithapostmodernculturethatinvolvesthevisualandsensualpleasuresofglobalcities.Hollywoodcinema,MadonnaCDsandAustralianwine.Thisbuildsuponaprejudiceofcertainaspectsofleftthinkingthatpresumesthatifonemovesoutsidetheboundariesofthenationitisto‘wallowinaprivilegedandirresponsibledetachment’.Suchanotionofcosmopolitanismwouldtieafast-movingplacelesscultureintotheriseofanewmiddleandupperclassofcappuccinodrinkers.Herecosmopolitanismcanbecontrastedwiththemorelocalandnationalculturaldefinitionsthatareavailabletopoorandworkingpeople.Suchaviewsetsupasimplecontrastbetweencosmopolitansandlocals.Cosmopolitanism,onsuchaview,becomestheeverydaycurrencyofglobalcapitalism,whosemostobviouseffectisthereinforcementofsymbolicboundariesbetweensocialclasses.However,thesecondversionofcosmopolitanismhasamoreovertlyethicalvisionthanonemotivatedbythereproductionofclassprejudice.

Suchanotionofcosmopolitanismwouldnotpresumethattheglobe-trottingjournalistsareanymorecosmopolitanintheirorientationsthansomeonewhohasneverleftthecityoftheirbirth.Thisisbecausetoconceiveofcosmopolitanismethicallydetachesitfrommyabilitytoaccessexoticformsofconsumption,whileconnectingitfrommyabilitytolivewithdifferent.Whilecosmopolitanismcanindeedbeconnectedtoformsofculturalopenness,itismorecloselyconnectedtowhatJonathanRutherfordhascalled“theartoflife”thantomanicmobilityorhedonism.TheversionofcosmopolitanismIwishtodefendhasmoretodowithethicsandselfhoodthanexplicitconcernswithideology.

However,itdoesretainasociologicalpointofreferencethroughthemanynewclaimsandagendasthatarebeingopenedbyquestionsconnectedtothemobilityofcultures,multiculturalism,genderandsexuality.Yetthereareanumberofskepticsinthisregard.Forexample,Friedmanhasarguedthatintellectualsandeliteswhowishtotalkofhybridityandcosmopolitanismarelargelywritingfromthe‘particular’viewpointof‘de-territorialized’identities.

ThehybridityandculturalsophisticationofelitegroupsisinsharpdistinctiontotheprocessesofBalkanizationandtrivializationexperiencedatthebottomofthesystem.FriedmanmakesthesepointsagainstculturaltheoristslikeBhabha,whoseworkseekstoemphasizehowallformsofculturalandsymbolicproductionlacktheprimordialunityorfixityclaimedbyculturalnationalists.

Friedman’sviewisthatthisinsightislikelytobeoflittlehelpwhenfacedwithnationalistformsofculturalclosureandviolence.However,BhabhadoespointtoaconnectionbetweenquestionsofidentityandethicsmissedbyFriedman.WhatBhabhadescribesastheuncoveringofthe'contestationandflux’ofidentityhascontributedtothecosmopolitanproject.Manypost-colonialwritersinthisrespectpointtothepartialblindnessofnationalhabitsandtraditions,whichseeonlywhattheywanttosee.

Thediscursivesinofargumentsmadeinrespectofhybridityistopointtothewaycommonidentities(notjustelites)areforgedthroughtheunpredictableflowsofpeoplesandsymbols.

【答案】這種觀點看來，世界文化和后現(xiàn)代文化是一致的，后現(xiàn)代文化包含了世界城市的視覺和感官享受。比如好萊塢電影，麥當(dāng)娜的CD和澳大利亞葡萄酒。這是建立在左派思想的某些偏見之上的，它認(rèn)為如果一個人離開了這個國家的邊界，就會“沉溺于特權(quán)和不負(fù)責(zé)任的超然狀態(tài)”。

從這個觀點來看，世界主義成為全球資本主義潮流，其最明顯的效果是加強(qiáng)了社會各個階層之間的象征界限。

這樣一種社會主義的概念并不會預(yù)測，周游世界的記者們比那些從未離開過自己出生的城市的人更加國際化。原因在于從道德上講，世界主義與各種消費(fèi)圈是分離的。與此同時，提升包容不同的思維的能力。但是，世界主義確實能夠和各種文化開放的形式聯(lián)系起來，它與喬納森?盧瑟福所稱的“生活藝術(shù)”聯(lián)系更緊密，而不是躁動性或享樂主義。

然而，它通過許多新的主張和議程保留了社會學(xué)的參考點，這些主張和議程涉及了文化的流動性、多元文化主義、性別和性行為。

精英階層的混雜性和文化多樣性，與體制底層經(jīng)歷的分離化和庸俗化過程有著鮮明的區(qū)別。

弗里德曼的觀點是，在面對民族主義者的文化封閉和暴力時，這種洞見可能不會帶來什么幫助。

關(guān)于文化混雜性爭論的雜亂無章的罪惡論，在于指出共同的身份(不只是精英階層)的形成方式，是通過不可預(yù)測的民族和符號的流動而形成的。

7.單選題

Weallnotedthatonly“naturalborn”citizensareeligibleforthePresidency.

問題1選項

A.registered

B.qualified

C.withheld

D.special

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.registered已登記的B.qualified有資格的；能勝任的

C.withheld（be~）被拒絕（動詞過去分詞）D.special特殊的

【答案】B

【考查點】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原文語義為“我們都注意到，只有‘自然出生的’公民____擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)”，原詞eligible“符合條件的；有資格的”，B選項qualified“有資格的；能勝任的”最符合原文。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合原文語義。

【句意】我們都注意到，只有“自然出生的”公民才有資格擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)。

8.單選題

Fromthismaterialwecan（）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.

問題1選項

A.derive

B.discern

C.diminish

D.displace

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項derive“源自，獲得”；B選項discern“覺察出，識別”；C選項diminish“減少，縮小”；D選項displace“取代”。根據(jù)句意：我們能夠從這個材料中數(shù)百個你稱之為直接產(chǎn)品的東西。根據(jù)介詞短語fromthismaterial可知，這里應(yīng)該是表示來源并且能夠與介詞from搭配，所以只有選項A符合要求。

9.單選題

Onmanyoccasions,wetendtointerprettheactionsofchildren（）ourownexperienceasanadult.

問題1選項

A.forthesakeof

B.onbehalfof

C.intermsof

D.inaccordancewith

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞短語。A選項forthesakeof“為了”；B選項onbehalfof“代表”；C選項intermsof“依據(jù)，在……方面”；D選項inaccordancewith“與……一致”。句意：在很多時候，我們傾向于依據(jù)自己作為一個成年人的經(jīng)驗來解釋孩子的行為。根據(jù)空格前后的句意關(guān)系，只有C選項intermsof“依據(jù)，在……方面”符合句意，其他選項意思不對。因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Ihavegivenyoumyadvice.Whetheryouwillactonitis（

）you.

問題1選項

A.upto

B.upfor

C.onto

D.forto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。beuptosb.意為“取決于某人”。

句意：我已經(jīng)給了你我的建議。是否采納就看你了。

11.單選題

InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansexpectedtofind.InmostJapanesepreschools,surprisingly,littleemphasisisputonacademicinstruction.Inoneinvestigation,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,childdevelopmentspecialists,andparentswereaskedaboutvariousaspectsofearlychildhoodeducation.Only2percentoftheJapaneserespondents（答問卷者）listed“togivechildrenagoodstartacademically”asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Incontrast,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschosethisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.Topreparechildrenforsuccessfulcareersinfirstgradeandbeyond,Japaneseschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,andmathematics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup.ThevastmajorityofyoungJapanesechildrenaretaughttoreadathomebytheirparents.

IntherecentcomparisonofJapaneseandAmericanpreschooleducation,91percentofJapaneserespondentschoseprovidingchildrenwithagroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Sixty-twopercentofthemoreindividuallyoriented（強(qiáng)調(diào)個性發(fā)展的），Americanslistedgroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.AnemphasisontheimportanceofthegroupseeninJapaneseearlychildhoodeducationcontinuesintoelementaryschooleducation.

LikeinAmerica,thereisdiversityinJapaneseearlychildhoodeducation.SomeJapanesekindergartenshavespecificaims,suchasearlymusicaltrainingorpotentialdevelopment.Inlargecities,somekindergartensareattachedtouniversitiesthathaveelementaryandsecondaryschool.

SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildrenattendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildren’schancesofeventuallybeingadmittedtotop-ratedschoolsanduniversities.SeveralmoreprogressiveprogramshaveintroducedfreeplayasawayoutfortheheavyintellectualizinginsomeJapanesekindergartens.

1.WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatmanyAmericanbelieve（）.

2.MostAmericansurveyedbelievethatpreschoolsshouldalsoattachimportanceto（）.

3.InJapan’spreschooleducation,thefocusison（）.

4.FreeplayhasbeenintroducedinsomeJapanesekindergartensinorderto（）.

5.WhydosomeJapaneseparentssendtheirchildrentouniversity-basedkindergartens?

問題1選項

A.JapaneseparentsaremoreinvolvedinpreschooleducationthanAmericanparents.

B.Japan’seconomicsuccessisaresultoritsscientificachievements.

C.Japanesepreschooleducationemphasizesacademicinstruction.

D.Japan’shighereducationissuperiortotheirs.

問題2選項

A.problemsolving

B.groupexperience

C.parentalguidance

D.individually–orienteddevelopment

問題3選項

A.preparingchildrenacademically

B.developingchildren’sartisticinterests

C.lappingchildren’spotential

D.shapingchildren’scharacter

問題4選項

A.broadenchildren’shorizon

B.cultivatechildren’screativity

C.lightenchildren’sstudyload

D.enrichchildren’sknowledge

問題5選項

A.Theycandobetterintheirfuturestudies.

B.Theycanaccumulatemoregroupexperiencethere.

C.Theycanbeindividuallyorientedwhentheygrowup.

D.Theycanhavebetterchancesofgettingafirst-rateeducation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansexpectedtofind.InmostJapanesepreschools,surprisingly,littleemphasisisputonacademicinstruction.”，可知日本的學(xué)前教育提供的答案并不是美國人所期望的。令人驚訝的是，在大多數(shù)日本學(xué)前教育中，很少強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)教育指導(dǎo)。可判斷出美國人相信日本的學(xué)前教育強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)指導(dǎo)。相信C符合題意。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“91percentofJapaneserespondentschoseprovidingchildrenwithagroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Sixty-twopercentofthemoreindividuallyoriented，Americanslistedgroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.”，可知91%的日本受訪者認(rèn)為，讓孩子們有團(tuán)體經(jīng)歷是日本社會讓孩子接受學(xué)前教育的三大理由之一，62%的美國受訪者將團(tuán)隊經(jīng)歷列為他們的三大選擇之一?？膳袛喑龃蠖鄶?shù)接受調(diào)查的美國人認(rèn)為學(xué)齡前兒童也應(yīng)該重視團(tuán)隊經(jīng)驗。相信B符合題意。

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Japaneseschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,andmathematics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup.”，可知日本的學(xué)校不教授閱讀、寫作和數(shù)學(xué)等學(xué)業(yè)知識，而是教授諸如堅持、專注和團(tuán)隊意識等能力?？膳袛喑鲈谌毡镜膶W(xué)前教育中，關(guān)注的重點在于塑造孩子的性格。選項D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“SeveralmoreprogressiveprogramshaveintroducedfreeplayasawayoutfortheheavyintellectualizinginsomeJapanesekindergartens.”，可知一些更先進(jìn)的項目引入了自由游戲，作為一些日本幼兒園擺脫沉重的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)的方法?？膳袛喑鋈毡镜膶W(xué)前教育引入了自由玩耍的項目，目的是為了減輕孩子的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)。選項C符合題意。

5.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildrenattendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildren’schancesofeventuallybeingadmittedtotop-ratedschoolsanduniversities.”，可知一些日本父母認(rèn)為，如果他們的孩子參加一個大學(xué)的項目，這將使孩子未來更有可能被一流學(xué)校和大學(xué)錄取。可判斷出一些日本父母把孩子送到大學(xué)附屬的幼兒園，原因在于這能增加他們上一流大學(xué)的機(jī)會，從而接受最好的教育。選項D符合題意。

12.單選題

Toensureitssustainedprogressineconomy,thegovernmenthas（）aseriesofpolicies.

問題1選項

A.reserved

B.issued

C.delivered

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：為確保經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府出臺了一系列政策。選項B符合句意。

13.單選題

Thediplomaticcrisishasbeen（）bythebreakdownofthetalksbetweentheleadersofthetwonations.

問題1選項

A.withhold

B.nurtured

C.cultivated

D.approached

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項withhold“保留，克制”；B選項nurtured“培育，養(yǎng)育”；C選項cultivated“發(fā)展，耕作，教化”；D選項approached“接近，靠近”。句意：外交危機(jī)靠近是由于兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的談判破裂而引起的。兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間談判失敗是導(dǎo)致外交危機(jī)的原因，那么外交危機(jī)就更接近了，選擇D選項approached“接近，靠近”意思正確。因此D選項符合題意。

14.不定項選擇題

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandneararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andevertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanasIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.TheParakanastaughtMeliotocatchfishwiththehelpofawildplantwhichmadethemsenselessinthestream.Itgaveoffapowerfuldrugwhenshakenviolentlythroughthewater.Theyshowedhimhowtohuntbylayingtrapsanddigging.IntimeMelio’spieceoflandbecamearegularfarm.Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.

TheParakanaswerealwaysaroundhim.He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.ItwasasifhewastherebycourtesyoftheChief.Whentheycametohim,theIndiansneverenteredhishousewithitssteeplyslopingroofofdriedgrassandleaves.Theyhadadelicatewayofbehaving.Theyshowedthemselvesbystandingintheshadeofthetreesattheclearing’sedge.Hewasexpectedtocrossthechickenstriptowardsthem.Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.Melionevercouldpersuadethemtocomeanycloser.

ThegroupguessedatMelio’shatredforhiscivilizedbrothersinthetownsfaraway.TheyknewMeliowouldneverinviteanymorewhitemenuphere.ThispleasedtheParakanas.Itmeantthattraderslookingforrubberandjewelswouldneverreachthem.TheirMeliowouldseetothat.Theyweresafewiththismanandhishatred.

16.ItisknownfromthepassagethatMeliowantedtheforestaroundhimtobecomethickbecausethedenseleaves（）.

17.TheChief’scomparisonofMeliotoasnakeisintendedtoshowthat（）.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

19.ToMelio,theParakanaIndiansseemed（）.

20.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheplacedescribedbytheauthorwas（）.

問題1選項

A.remindedhimofhishouseinthetownfaraway

B.preventedtheParakanasfromwatchinghim

C.helpedhimtoforgettheworldhehated

D.protectedhimfrombeingintrudedbythewhitemeninthetown

問題2選項

A.hedidnottrustMelio

B.itwasunwisetogotooclosetoMelio

C.hebelievedMeliohatedtheParakanas

D.hethoughtMeliowasoutofhismind

問題3選項

A.Meliostayedonhisfarmforanumberofyears.

B.Meliofeltlikeaprisonerbecausehecouldn’tescapebeingwatched.

C.Meliokepthimselfalive,duringtherainyseasonbyeatingwhathehadinstore.

D.TheParakanasthoughtMeliolivedthattherebecausehewaslookingforrubberandjewels.

問題4選項

A.oldbuthateful

B.strangebutattractive

C.unhealthybutfriendly

D.cowardlybutsociable

問題5選項

A.farremovedfromcivilization

B.impossibletocultivate

C.thehomeofMelio’sIndianrelatives

D.wetalltheyearround

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】16.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文章第一段第三句Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.（森林越茂密，就越容易忘記外面的環(huán)境），C選項“幫助他忘記了他所憎恨的世界”為正確選項。A選項“這使他想起了他在遠(yuǎn)處鎮(zhèn)上的家”正好與Melio的意圖相反。B選項“阻止了Parakanas監(jiān)視他”不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“保護(hù)他不受鎮(zhèn)上白人的侵?jǐn)_”文章并未提及，只在結(jié)尾處提到Melio從不邀請白人去那兒，因此可排除D選項。因此C選項正確。

17.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文章第二段第二句TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.（酋長從未仔細(xì)看過梅里奧，他自言自語地說，這個白人就像咬斷自己尾巴的蛇一樣瘋狂），由此可知，選項B“和梅里奧走得太近是不明智的”為正確答案。選項A“他不信任梅里奧”，文章并未提及，可排除。選項C“他相信梅里奧憎恨Parakanas”，文章并未提及，可排除。選項D“他覺得梅里奧瘋了”，文章并未提及，可排除。因此B選項正確。

18.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。選項A“梅里奧在他的農(nóng)場待了幾年”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他養(yǎng)的是野鳥，有長腿的肥鳥，也有幾乎沒有羽毛的瘦雞。他養(yǎng)的玉米和咸魚足夠他在雨季儲存食物）可推測梅里奧在農(nóng)場待過幾年，排除A選項。選項B“梅里奧覺得自己像個囚犯，因為他無法逃避被監(jiān)視”可定位到文中第三段第二句He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.（他從不承認(rèn)，但他能感覺到那些樹就像監(jiān)獄的鐵欄：它們在監(jiān)視著他），因此可排除B選項。選項C“在雨季，梅里奧靠吃他儲存的食物來維持生命”可定位到文中第二段倒數(shù)第一句andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他的玉米和咸魚足夠他在雨季儲存糧食），因此可排除C選項。D選項“Parakanas認(rèn)為Melio住在那里是因為他在尋找橡膠和珠寶”，在文中沒有提及，因此D選項正確。

19.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.（然后，他們有一個奇怪而又迷人的習(xí)慣，總是退后一步，向綠色的走廊退一步）。B選項“奇怪，但有吸引力”與題干相符，因此B選項正確。

20.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項“遠(yuǎn)離文明”，通讀全文可知，A選項為正確答案。B選項“不可能培養(yǎng)”，文章第二段最后，提到Melio的土地成了一個農(nóng)場，可排除B選項。C選項“梅里奧印第安親戚的家”，文章中并沒有提到Melio印度親戚，那些人只是他的鄰居，可排除C選項。D選項“終年潮濕”，文章第二段結(jié)尾提到“他的玉米和咸魚足夠他在雨季儲存糧食”，可看出這個地方不是終年潮濕，可排除D選項。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Tourismdevelopsculture.Itbroadensthethinkingofthetravelerandleadstoculture（1）betweenthehostsandguestsfromfar-offplaces.Thiscanbenefitthelocals,sincetouristsbringculture（2）them.

Tourismmayhelptopreserveindigenouscustoms,（3）traditionalshows,parades,celebrationsandfestivalsareputonfortourists.Themusicals,playsandseriousdramaofLondontheatresandotherkindsofnightlifeare（4）supportedbytourists.Sucheventsmightdisappearwithoutthestimulusoftourismto（5）them.

Ontheotherhand,tourismoftencontributestothedisappearanceoflocaltraditionsandfolklore.Churches,templesandsimilarplacesofworshipare（6）astouristattractions.Thiscanbe（7）theexpenseoftheiroriginalfunction:howmanybelieverswanttoworshipinthemiddleofaflowofatheistinvaders?Whowouldwanttopray（8）curiousonlookersshuffletoandfrowithguidebooks,ratherthanprayerbooks,intheirhands?

Tourismmaybringotherindirectculturalconsequencesinits（9）.Tensionswhichalreadyexistbetweenancientandmoremodernwaysmaybedeepenedbytourists’ignoranceof（10）customsandbeliefs.Tourists,ifnotactuallyricher,oftenseemmorewell-offthannatives.Theformermaythereforefeelsuperior,（11）thelatterembarrassedabouttheirlifestyles.Theresultmaybeaninferiorfeelingwhich（12）helpsthesenseofidentitywhichissoimportanttoregionalculture.Thepovertyofalocalitycanlookevenworsewhen（13）withthecomfortablehotelenvironmentinhabitedbytourists.ProsperousretiredorelderlytouristsfromBritain,wheretheaveragelifeexpectancyis75years,maywell（14）resentmentinSierraLeone,wherethelocalpopulationcanexpecttolivetonomorethan41years.Therelativeprosperityoftouristsmay（15）crime.InGambia,unemployedyoungpeopleoffertoactas“professionalfriends”—guides,companionsorsexualpartnersinreturnformoney.Whenthetourismseasonisover,theycannolongergetwagesthatwaysothey（16）topettystealingfromthelocalpopulace.Allthisaffectsthelocalsociallifeandculture（17）.

Culturalerosioncanalsotakeplaceatmore（18）levels.Greekvillagerstraditionally（19）themselvesontheirhospitality.Theywould（20）travelersforfree,feedingthemandlisteningtotheirstories.Totakemoneywouldhavebeenadisgrace.Thathaschangednow.Touristsexisttobeexploited.Perhapsthisishardlysurprisingiftheearningsfromoneroomrentedtoatouristcanexceedateacher’smonthlysalary.

問題1選項

A.conflict

B.contact

C.concern

D.constraint

問題2選項

A.with

B.to

C.over

D.by

問題3選項

A.likethat

B.ifwhen

C.asif

D.aswhen

問題4選項

A.largely

B.extremely

C.positively

D.totally

問題5選項

A.entertain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.pertain

問題6選項

A.considered

B.taken

C.treated

D.made

問題7選項

A.for

B.at

C.in

D.to

問題8選項

A.how

B.that

C.while

D.when

問題9選項

A.sake

B.wake

C.sense

D.cost

問題10選項

A.regional

B.native

C.territorial

D.local

問題11選項

A.making

B.allowing

C.ignoring

D.leaving

問題12選項

A.hardly

B.seldom

C.usually

D.sometimes

問題13選項

A.compared

B.contrasted

C.related

D.associated

問題14選項

A.generate

B.produce

C.make

D.leave

問題15選項

A.increase

B.enhance

C.encourage

D.ascend

問題16選項

A.go

B.turn

C.alter

D.change

問題17選項

A.hostilely

B.reciprocally

C.conversely

D.adversely

問題18選項

A.minor

B.small

C.subtle

D.micro

問題19選項

A.prided

B.famed

C.sang

D.claimed

問題20選項

A.puton

B.putup

C.putdown

D.putoff

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題: