考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenhetriedtomakea（）,hefoundthatthehotelwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reservation

B.claim

C.mess

D.revision

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)reservation“預(yù)約，保留”，B項(xiàng)claim“宣稱，要求”，C項(xiàng)mess“混亂”，D項(xiàng)revision“修正，復(fù)習(xí)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hotel（酒店）可知，空格部分表示“預(yù)約”，makeareservation固定搭配，表示“預(yù)定，預(yù)約”；句意：當(dāng)他試圖預(yù)訂房間時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)由于一個(gè)會(huì)議的舉辦旅館已經(jīng)客滿了。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Truepatriotism（

）puttingtheinterestsofone'scountryaboveeverything,includingone'sownlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.derivesfrom

B.lieswith

C.restson

D.consistsin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:真正的愛國(guó)精神在于把國(guó)家的利益看得高于一切，包括個(gè)人生命。

考查短語辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語的三單形式。derivefrom起源于,來自,導(dǎo)出;liewith取決于;reston依靠,信賴,停留在;consistin在于,存在于。故D符合句意。

3.寫作題

Writeanessayonthegiventopic"OnUniversity".Basedonthefollowingoutline,presentyourargumentwithsupportingdetailsofnolessthan250words.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

1.大學(xué)的功能

2.大學(xué)是否實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)

3.如何改進(jìn)

【答案】OnUniversity

Itisaclearfactthatourcountryattachesgreatimportancetoeducationandtherearemuchmorestudentswhobecomeuniversityfreshmeneachyear.Althoughtheyhaveenteredintotheiridealsanctum,dotheyreallyknowabouttheuniversity?

Inmyopinion,universityisnotonlyaplaceofacquiringknowledgebutaplaceofgettingintegrateddevelopmentaswell.Auniversitystudentisonthebestphaseofforminghisowncharacteranddevelopinghisall-aroundcapacity.However,teachersintheclassstillkeeptotraditionalteachingmethod,whichhardlycreateakindofenvironmentwherestudentshavechancetoexpresstheirownthoughts.Inaddition,auniversitycanbedescribedasabridgebetweenstudentsandsociety.Ifitdoesn’tlinkthebothsides,ornotenough,oncestudentsstepintosociety,theymaybepuzzledbymanythingsandscarcelyknowhowtodealwiththem.Sohowtoimproveuniversityeducation?Weshouldinnovateuponteachingmethodonthebasisoftraditionalonesoastoletstudentshavemorechancestospeakouttheirownthinking.Wecanalsoholdasmalldiscussingmeetingtodealwiththerealproblemsfromsociety,thereforewhenstudentsgooutofthecampus,theywilladaptthemselvestothesocietyquickly.

Tosumup,nowadaysthemainproblemsexistinginuniversityeducationisthatmoststudentslackofabilitytothinkindependentlyandtodealwithcomplexthingsinoursociety.I’msuretheseproblemswillbesolvedaslongascorrectandeffectivemeasurescanbetaken.

4.單選題

Theotherproblemthatarisesfromtheemploymentofwomenisthatoftheworkingwife.Ithastwoaspects:thatofthewifewhoismoreofasuccessthanherhusbandandthatofthewifewhomustrelyheavilyonherhusbandforhelpwithdomestictasks.Therearevariouswaysinwhichtheimpactofthefirstdifficultycanbereduced.Providedthathusbandandwifearenotinthesameordirectlycomparablelinesofwork,theharshfactofhergreatersuccesscanbeobscuredbyagenialconspiracytorejectapurelymonetarymeasureofachievementasintolerablycrude.Wherethereareranks,itisbestifthecoupleworkindifferentfieldssothatthehusbandcanfindsomespecialreasonforthesuperiorityofthelowestfigureinhistothemostelevatedinhiswife’s.

Aproblemthataffectsamuchlargernumberofworkingwivesistheneedtore-allocatedomestictasksiftherearechildren.InTheRoadtoWiganPierGeorgeOrwellwroteoftheunemployedoftheLancashirecoalfields:“Practicallynever…inaworking-classhome,willyouseethemandoingastrokeofthehousework.Unemploymenthasnotchangedthisconvention,whichonthefaceofitseemsalittleunfair.Themanisidlefrommorningtonightbutthewomanisasbusyasever—moreso,indeed,becauseshehastomanagewithlessmoney.Yetsofarasmyexperiencegoesthewomendonotprotest.Theyfeelthatamanwouldlosehismanhoodif,merelybecausehewasoutofwork,hedevelopedina‘MaryAnn’.”

Itisoverthecareofyoungchildrenthatthisre-allocationofdutiesbecomesreallysignificant.Forthis,unlikethecookingoffishfingersorthemakingofbeds,isaninescapablytime-consumingoccupation,andtimeiswhatthefullyemployedwifehasnomoretospareofthanherhusband.

Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair,somethingthatistriedonwithanyremotelyplausiblewomanwhocomeswithinrangeand,ofcourse,withalldegreesoftentativeness.Whatdecidestheissueofwhetheragenuinecourtshipisgoingtogetunderwayisthewoman’sresponse.Ifsheshowsinteresttheenginesofpersuasionaresetinmovement.Thetruthisthatincourtshipsocietygiveswomentherealpowerwhilepretendingtogiveittomen.

Whatdoesseemclearisthatthemoremenandwomenaretogether,atworkandawayfromit,themorethecomprehensiveamorousnessofmentowardswomenwillhavetogo,despiteallitspastevolutionaryservices.Foritisthisthatmakesinferiorityatworkabrasiveand,moreindirectly,makesdomesticworkseemunmanly,ifthereistobeanequalizingredistributionofeconomicanddomestictasksbetweenmenandwomentheremustbeacompensatingredistributionoftheeroticinitiative.Ifwomenwillnolongerletusbeatthem,theymustallowustojointhemastheblushingrecipientsofflowersandchocolates.

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto（）.

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage（）.

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusband

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportant

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalary

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thinksisthenaturalone

B.wishestoseepreserved

C.believesisfair

D.issuremustchange

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinlove

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomen

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolates

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto______.1.第一段建議比丈夫更成功的職業(yè)女性去______。

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusbandA.和她的丈夫做同樣的工作

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportantB.淡化她的成功，讓它聽起來不重要

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalaryC.強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭從她的高薪中得到了多少

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehomeD.將更多省力的機(jī)器引入家庭

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第四句“只要丈夫和妻子沒有從事相同或者可進(jìn)行比較的工作，拒絕粗魯?shù)丶兇庖越疱X來衡量成功，女性更為成功這個(gè)殘酷的事實(shí)就可能被巧妙的遮掩”，從這句話可知，如果妻子比丈夫更成功，只要丈夫和妻子沒有從事相同或者能夠比較的工作，那么女性可以淡化自己的成就。所以B項(xiàng)“淡化她的成功，讓它聽起來不重要”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“和她的丈夫做同樣的工作”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，原文建議妻子和丈夫不要做同樣的工作，該項(xiàng)反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭從她的高薪中得到了多少”表述與原文相反，原文是遮掩妻子成功的事實(shí)，該選項(xiàng)反而強(qiáng)調(diào)了她的成功，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“將更多省力的機(jī)器引入家庭”，原文未提及省力機(jī)器，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage______.2.奧威爾在《維根碼頭》中對(duì)夫妻關(guān)系的描繪描述了一種作者_(dá)_____的關(guān)系。

A.thinksisthenaturaloneA.覺得它是很自然的一件事

B.wishestoseepreservedB.希望能保留下來

C.believesisfairC.認(rèn)為是公平的

D.issuremustchangeD.一定要改變

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Orwell在《維根碼頭》中描寫了一個(gè)失業(yè)者，男人從不分擔(dān)家務(wù)，尤其是工人階級(jí)的家庭。而女人們并不反對(duì)這種現(xiàn)狀，她們認(rèn)為做家務(wù)會(huì)使男人喪失男子氣概。而作者在第三段提到，正是在照顧孩子方面，這種職責(zé)的重新分配才變得真正重要。這說明作者認(rèn)為書中描述的狀態(tài)是不合理的，一定要改變。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“覺得它是很自然的一件事”、B項(xiàng)“希望能保留下來”和C項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為是公平的”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)都與作者表達(dá)的態(tài)度相反，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust______.3.最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果女性要擔(dān)任重要的工作，那么她們必須______。

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinloveA.有時(shí)會(huì)在愛情中率先取得進(jìn)展

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomenB.允許男人和很多女人調(diào)情

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolatesC.停止接受鮮花和巧克力禮物

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”D.避免讓她們的丈夫看起來像娘娘腔

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，定位至文章最后一段最后一句，“如果女士不允許男士在事業(yè)上打敗她們，她們必須允許男士加入到紅著臉接受鮮花和巧克力的隊(duì)伍”，從中可知，如果女性想要擔(dān)任重要的工作，她們必須允許男士也可以接受鮮花和巧克力，可以推斷，這里實(shí)際上是暗示女士在戀愛中也應(yīng)該主動(dòng)一些。A項(xiàng)“有時(shí)會(huì)在愛情中率先取得進(jìn)展”符合這一分析。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“允許男人和很多女人調(diào)情”在最后一段沒有提到，無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“停止接受鮮花和巧克力禮物”，原文是讓男性加入接受鮮花巧克力的行列，不代表女性就要停止接受，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“避免讓她們的丈夫看起來像娘娘腔”，原文只是在說到男性失業(yè)后在家里無所事事，女性不抱怨時(shí)，提及這一點(diǎn)，與女性擔(dān)任重要職位無關(guān)，該項(xiàng)張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?4.關(guān)于現(xiàn)在的求愛形式，下列哪個(gè)陳述是不正確的？

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.A.女人的反應(yīng)決定了求愛的命運(yùn)。

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.B.每個(gè)男人都會(huì)和許多女人調(diào)情。

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.C.男人在求愛問題上也同樣嚴(yán)肅。

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.D.男人給自己留下了迅速放棄追求的機(jī)會(huì)。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第一句“在求愛過程中，男性主動(dòng)是一件不加以區(qū)別的事情（Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair），他們會(huì)猶豫不決地嘗試著追求所接觸的有可能發(fā)展關(guān)系的女性”，從aprettyindiscriminateaffair（一件不加以區(qū)別的事情）可知，C項(xiàng)“男人在求愛問題上也同樣嚴(yán)肅”中的serious與原文相反。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“女人的反應(yīng)決定了求愛的命運(yùn)”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“女人的反應(yīng)決定了她們是否會(huì)開始真正的求愛”，可知該項(xiàng)與原文相符，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“每個(gè)男人都會(huì)和許多女人調(diào)情”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)與原文相符，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“男人給自己留下了迅速放棄追求的機(jī)會(huì)”，原文倒數(shù)第二段第一句說到“……男性猶豫不決地嘗試著追求所接觸的有可能發(fā)展關(guān)系的女性”，說明他們給自己留了退路，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備放棄；該項(xiàng)與原文相符，屬于反向干擾。

5.單選題

Thetruthaboutalliancesandtheirmeritprobablyliessomewherebetweenthetravelutopiapresentedbytheplayersandtheevilempiresportrayedbytheircritics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.collaboration

B.worth

C.triumph

D.defect

【答案】B

【解析】merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，價(jià)值，功績(jī)”。A選項(xiàng)collaboration“合作，勾結(jié)”；B選項(xiàng)worth“價(jià)值，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)triumph“生理，凱旋”；D選項(xiàng)defect“缺點(diǎn)，不足之處”。B選項(xiàng)與merit“價(jià)值”這一意思相近，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.Itispoorinpublicservices.Theobvioussolutionistotaxtheformertoprovidethelatter—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,Thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.Wepaymoreforsoap,make-ups,andvacuumcleanersinorderthatwemayhavecleanercitiesandfeweroccasionstousethem.Wehavemoreexpensivecarsandgasolinesothatwemayhavehighwaysandstreetsonwhichtodrivethem.Foodbeingcomparativelycheapandabundant,wetaxitinordertohavebetterservicesandbetterhealthinwhichtoenjoyit.Thisstraightforwardsolutionhasthefurtheradvantagethatsalestaxationcanbeemployedwithfairefficiencybystatesandevenbycities.Itisintheservicesrenderedbythesegovernmentsthattheproblemofsocialbalanceisespeciallysevere.Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.Aswantsareplannedforprivategoods,morebenefitsareprovidedforpublicuse.Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,includingthosethatareassociatedwithincreasingincomeandproduct,theburdenofprovingneedisespeciallyheavy.Thistaxisapoorservantofsocialbalance.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Theword‘handsomely’(Line5)means（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,thechiefadvantageofthesalestaxisthatit

（

）.

4.Thepropertytaxisnotregardedasanidealsolutiontosocialneedsbecause

（

）.

5.Theauthorofthispassageismostinterestedintellingusabout（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thepropertytaxisdifficulttocollect.

B.Thesalestaxcanbeeasilyincreased.

C.Thesalestaxhaslittleornosocialvalue.

D.Thecommunityhasabundantgoodsproducedbyprivateenterprises.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.skillfully

B.generously

C.earnestly

D.easily

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isadirectmeansofachievingsocialbalance

B.canbeimposedbycitiesandstates

C.islesseffectivethanthepropertytax

D.isapplicabletowideareas

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itmustbechangedbytheHouseofRepresentatives

B.itisnotstraightforwardasisthesalestax

C.itcanbeimposedbycitiesbutnotbystates

D.itsrisedependsonincreasingtheneedforadditionalservices

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecollectionofthepropertytax

B.therelationoftaxestotheproblemofsocialbalance

C.thebalanceofpublicandprivateconsumption

D.thesalestaxasasocialmeans

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文“Thegeneralpropertytaxisrigidandinflexible.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)原文“Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.”可知選項(xiàng)B符合原文；根據(jù)原文第一句“Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.”可知選項(xiàng)C不正確；根據(jù)原文第二句“Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確，所以本題選C。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)原文“...—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.”可知后面是對(duì)前面的論據(jù)列舉的一個(gè)具體的例子。costly和expensive相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以handsomely和abundant相對(duì)應(yīng)。skillfully巧妙地,精巧地；generously慷慨地,大方地；earnestly認(rèn)真地，誠(chéng)摯地；easily容易地,無疑地。只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文可知，這種直截了當(dāng)?shù)慕鉀Q方案還有一個(gè)更大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，那就是各州甚至城市都可以公平高效地征收銷售稅。正是在這些政府提供的服務(wù)中，社會(huì)平衡的問題特別嚴(yán)重。作者著重強(qiáng)調(diào)的是socialbalance，而不是政府的服務(wù)。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)二三句“Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,...”可知選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意可知本文主要是講營(yíng)業(yè)稅對(duì)社會(huì)平衡的作用和影響，所以選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。

7.單選題

Thesaleofalcoholicbeveragesis（）tothoseabove21insomeregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confined

B.Inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)confine“限制”，B項(xiàng)inhibit“禁止”，C項(xiàng)oblige“要求，約束”，obligeto表示“不得不”；D項(xiàng)restrict“限制”，restrictto表示“限制在……”。句意：在某些地區(qū)，酒精飲料只能出售給21歲以上的人。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Whenyourdogdoesanythingyouwantto（）,youwaittillhedoesitandthenbeathim.Thisisthewayjudgesmakelawsforyouandme.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakhimof

B.breakhimoff

C.breakhimfree

D.breakhimup

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析。breaksb.of“使戒除（某習(xí)慣）”；breaksb.off“分離，中斷”；“breaksb.free“擺脫對(duì)方防守”；breaksb.up“關(guān)系破裂”。句意：當(dāng)你的狗做了任何你想要打它戒除的事情，你要等它做了，然后打它。這就是法官為你我制定法律的方式。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployersandcouldpossiblyreversedecadesofdecliningmembershipamongprivateindustries.

TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldallowauniontoberecognizedaftercollectingamajorityofvotecards,insteadofwaitingfortheNationalLaborRelationsBoardtooverseeasecretballotelection,whichcanoccurmorethan50daysafterthecardvoteiscompleted.

RepresentativesofbusinessonCapitolHillopposethebill.TheNationalAssociationofManufacturers,TheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,theU.S.ChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsopposetheshiftawayfromsecretballotssayingthechangecouldthreatentheprivacyoftheworkers.“Thisisn’taboutpreventingincreasedunionizationit’saboutprotectingrights,’’saidtheNationalAssociationofManufacturer’sJasonStraczewski,ofhisorganization’soppositiontobill.Straczewskisayseliminatingthesecret-ballotstepwouldopenupemployeestocoercion（強(qiáng)迫，脅迫）fromunions.

SamueloftheAFL-CIOcontendstherealcoercioncomesfromemployers.“Workerstalkingtoworkersareequalswhilemanagerstalkingtoworkersaren’t,”Samuelsaid.Hecitesthe31,358casesofillegalemployerdiscriminationactedonbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardin2005.

Samuelalsopointsoutthatcountertoclaimsfromthebusinesslobby,thesecretballotwouldnotbeeliminated.Thechangewouldonlytakethecontrolofthetimingoftheelectionoutofthehandsoftheemployers.“Ontheground,thedifferencebetweenhavingthislegislationandnotwouldbethedifferencebetweennightandday,”saidRichardShawoftheHarrisCountyCentralLaborCouncil,whosaysitwouldhaveatremendousimpactonthelocallevel.

Thebillhasotherprovisions（條款，規(guī)定）aswell.TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldalsoimposebindingarbitration（仲裁）whenacompanyandanewlyformedunioncannotagreeonacontractafter3months.Anagreementworkedoutunderbindingcompulsoryarbitrationwouldbeineffectfor2years,afactthatStraczewskicalls,“borderlineunconstitutional.”“Idon’tseehowitwillbenefitemployeesifthey’relockedintoacontract,”saidStraczewski.

Thebill’sproponentspointtothetrendofrecognizedunionsunabletogetcontractsfromunwillingemployers.TheFederalMediationandConciliationService,theorganizationthatoverseesarbitration,reportedthatin2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers.Thebillwouldalsostrengthenthepenaltiesforcompaniesthatillegallycoerceorintimidateemployees.Asitstands,thelawonthebookshasn’tchangedsubstantiallysincetheNationalLaborRelationsActwasmadeintolawin1935.TheNLBRcanenforcenootherpenaltythanreinstatingwrongfullyfiredemployeesorrecoveringlostwages.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Accordingtoitsopponents,thebill（）.

3.Theword"it"（Line5,Para.5）refersto（）.

4.PeoplesupportthebillbecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT（）.

5.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Housebillaimstospurlaboruniongrowth.

B.Housebillaimstocounterlaboruniongrowth.

C.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstospuremployment.

D.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstoraiseemployee’sincome.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.willprotectemployees'rights

B.willbenefitworkersbybindingcontracts

C.willempowerunionstoomuch

D.makesitpossibleforemployeestoyieldtocoercionfromunions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thechange

B.thelegislation

C.theAFL-CIO

D.thedifference

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebillwillprobablyenableunionstohavefewermembersofprivateindustries

B.thebillwillallowauniontoberecognizedearlierandhaveagreateffectonthelocallevel

C.bindingarbitrationwillbeimposedtoprotectemployeesifacontractcan’tbeagreedonbetweenarecentlyestablishedunionandacompany

D.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.fewerprivateindustriesjoinedunionsinthepast

B.workers’coercionoftencomesfromunions

C.thebillwillbeawin-and-winoneforemployeesandemployers

D.punishmentauthorizedbythebillwillbelighter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文首段表明眾議院將出臺(tái)新立法，seekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployers,是為了維護(hù)工會(huì)的權(quán)利，激發(fā)工會(huì)的發(fā)展。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞opponents定位到原文第三段第三句，opponents指的是JasonStraczewski。后面他說道would?open?up?employees?to?coercion?(強(qiáng)迫：脅迫）from?unions,與選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)。

3.語義題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第五段第五行，who指代的是前句中RichardShaw，it指代前句中的legislation。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干說下列哪項(xiàng)不是人們支持該法案的原因，文章首段couldreverse?decades?of?declining?membership?among?private?industries(立法有助于改善勞工與雇主之間的關(guān)系)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。最后一段提到in2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers(2004年，45%的新成立工會(huì)被雇主拒絕簽訂第一份合同)，因此答案為A。

10.單選題

TherearemanysuperstitionsinBritain.Butoneofthemost（1）heldisthatitisunluckytowalkunderaladderevenifitmeans（2）thepavementintoabusystreet!（3）youmustpassunderaladderyoucan（4）badluckbycrossingyourfingersand（5）themcrosseduntilyouhaveseenadog.（6）,youmaylickyourfingerand（7）acrossonthetoeofyourshoe,andnotlookagainattheshoeuntilthe（8）hasdried.

Anothercommon（9）isthatitisunluckytoopenanumbrellainthehouse—itwilleitherbring（10）tothepersonwhoopeneditortothewhole（11）.Anyoneopeninganumbrellainfineweatheris（12）,asitinevitablybringsrain!

Thenumber13issaidtobeunluckyforsomeandwhenthe13thdayofthemonth（13）onaFriday,anyonewishingtoavoidabedeventhadbetterstay（14）.Theworstmisfortunethatearnhappentoapersoniscausedbybreakingaminor,

（15）itbeingssevenyearsofbedluck.Thesuperstitionissupposedto（16）inancienttimes,whenminorswereconsideredtobetoolsofthegods.

BlackcatsaregenerallyconsideredluckyinBritain,eventhoughtheyare（17）witchcraft.Itis（18）luckyifablackcatcrossedyourpathalthoughinAmericatheexactoppositebeliefprevails.

Finally,acommonheldsuperstitionisthatoftouchingwood（19）luck.Thismeasureismostoftentakenifyouthinkyouhavesaidsomethingthatistemptingfate,suchas“mycarhasnever（20）,touchwood?”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.broadly

B.widely

C.quickly

D.speedily

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.runningfrom

B.jumpingoff

C.steppingoff

D.keepingfrom

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.If

B.As

C.Though

D.Unless

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.erase

B.remove

C.avoid

D.ease

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.keep

B.keeping

C.kept

D.tokeep

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Consequently

B.However

C.Comparatively

D.Alternatively

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.print

C.perform

D.produce

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.label

B.symbol

C.mark

D.cut

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.argument

B.superstition

C.opinion

D.idea

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.loss

B.difficultly

C.tragedy

D.misfortune

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.house

B.household

C.home

D.circle

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.unwise

B.unintelligent

C.unpopular

D.unfortunate

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.falls

B.arrives

C.drops

D.happens

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.away

B.outdoors

C.indoors

D.far

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.as

C.if

D.though

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.haveoriginated

B.beoriginating

C.beoriginated

D.originate

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.concernedabout

B.relatedwith

C.associatedwith

D.connectedin

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.especially

B.specially

C.frequently

D.rarely

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.for

C.in

D.of

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.brokenup

B.brokenoff

C.brokenaway

D.brokendown

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:考查副詞辨析。broadly意為“寬廣地”，指幅度范圍的寬廣；widely意為“廣泛地”；quickly意為“迅速地”；speedily意為“快速的”。由句意“英國(guó)有很多迷信的說法，其中最……流傳的是在梯子下走過會(huì)帶來厄運(yùn)”可知B選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。

第2題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。runfrom意為“逃避”；jumpoff意為“跳下”；stepoff意為“離開”；keepfrom意為“隱瞞，阻止”。此處表示離開人行道走進(jìn)繁忙的街道。

第3題:考查上下文語義。由前面可知在梯子下走會(huì)帶來厄運(yùn)，此處表示假設(shè)發(fā)生了這樣的情況，因此填if。

第4題:考查上下文語義。由前面的“如果發(fā)生了在梯子下走的情況”可知此處表示通過某種方式可以避免厄運(yùn)，因此填avoid（避開，避免）。

第5題:考查動(dòng)詞形式。前文的“by”為介詞，介詞后接動(dòng)名詞形式，與前面的crossing保持一致。

第6題:考查上下文語義。consequently意為“所以，因此”；however意為“然而”；comparatively

意為“對(duì)比地”；alternatively意為“或者”。前面已提出了一種避免厄運(yùn)的方法，此處表示另外一種方法，因此選D。

第7題:考查固定搭配。makeacross意為“畫一個(gè)十字”。

第8題:考查名詞辨析。label意為“標(biāo)簽”；symbol意為“象征，符號(hào)”，一般是指象征意義性的標(biāo)志；mark意為“標(biāo)記”，一般指眼睛看到的事物留下的印跡。此處指的是畫在鞋上的cross，因此選C。

第9題:考查上下文語義。前面提到了英國(guó)有很多迷信，舉了一個(gè)最流傳的例子，此處表示另一種迷信，因此選B。

第10題:考查上下文語義。由前面的itisunluckytoopenanumbrellainthehouse可知與unlucky相近詞為misfortune（不幸，厄運(yùn)）。

第11題:考查上下文語義。由or可知此處與前面的tothepersonwhoopeneditortothewhole___表示并列關(guān)系，與theperson相對(duì)應(yīng)的為household（一家人，全家人），因此選B。

第12題:考查上下文語義。由后面的asitinevitablybringsrain（因?yàn)樗豢杀苊獾貢?huì)帶來雨水）可推測(cè)在晴天打雨傘是不好的、不受歡迎的，因此填unpopular（不受歡迎的）。

第13題:考查固定搭配。fallon意為“適逢（某日），正當(dāng)（某日）”；happenon意為“巧遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”，主語一般指人，因此選A。

第14題:考查上下文語義。stayaway意為“離開，缺席”；stayoutdoors意為“待在戶外”；stayindoors意為“待在家里，不外出”；stayfar意為“離遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)”。由前面的anyonewishingtoavoidabedeventhadbetterstay___（想要避免倒霉的人最好……）可知C選項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)。

第15題:考查連詞辨析。此處為兩個(gè)并列的句子，需要連詞連接，前句內(nèi)容為“最大的厄運(yùn)是打碎鏡子引起的”，后句內(nèi)容為“這會(huì)帶來七年的厄運(yùn)”，后句是前句的原因，因此填as（因?yàn)?，由于）?/p>

第16題:考查時(shí)態(tài)。由后面的whenminorswereconsideredtobetoolsofthegods可知時(shí)間發(fā)生在過去，可知這個(gè)迷信始于過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（have+過去分詞），選A。

第17題:考查固定搭配。表示“與……與關(guān)”的搭配有：beconcernedwith、berelatedto、beconnectedwith、beassociatedwith，因此選C。

第18題:考查上下文語義。由前面的內(nèi)容可知黑貓?jiān)谟?guó)被視為幸運(yùn)的動(dòng)物，那么有一只黑貓從你面前穿過則是幸運(yùn)的，此處表示幸運(yùn)的程度，因此用副詞especially（特別，非常）修飾。

第19題:考查介詞辨析。for表示目的，意為“為了”，此處表示觸摸木頭尋求好運(yùn)，因此選B。

第20題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。breakup意為“分手，結(jié)束”；breakoff意為“斷開，突然中止”；breakaway意為“逃離，掙脫”；breakdown意為“（機(jī)器或車輛）出毛病，損壞”。此處表示我的車從來沒發(fā)生過故障，因此選D。

11.單選題

ItisscarcelyanexaggerationtosaythatduringtheColdWarperiodthethreat（

）bynucleararmsseemedanever-presentdanger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imposed

B.convoked

C.posed

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。impose“強(qiáng)加；征稅”；convoke“召集；召開”；pose“造成；擺姿勢(shì)”；provoke“驅(qū)使；激怒；煽動(dòng)”。句意：毫不夸張地說，在冷戰(zhàn)期間，核武器造成的威脅似乎是一種永遠(yuǎn)存在的危險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningcalmsituationsinto（）ones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turbulent

B.tragic

C.vulnerable

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。turbulent“動(dòng)蕩，湍流的”；tragic“悲劇的，悲痛的”；vulnerable“易受攻擊的”；suspicious“可疑的，懷疑的”。句意：謠言到處都是,恐懼蔓延,損害的聲譽(yù),并讓平靜的情形陷入動(dòng)蕩中。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

TheAleuts,residingonseveralislandsoftheAleutianChain,thePribilofIslands,andtheAlaskanPeninsula,havepossessedawrittenlanguagesince1825,whentheRussianmissionaryIvanVeniaminovselectedappropriateoftheCyrillicalphabettorepresentAleutspeechsounds,recordedthemainbodyofAleutvocabulary,andformulatedgrammaticalrules.TheCzaristRussianconquestoftheproud,independentseahunterswassodevastatinglythoroughthattribaltraditions,eventribalmemories,werealmostdestroyed.Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.

TheRussianoccupationplacedaheavylinguisticburdenontheAleuts.NotonlyweretheycompelledtolearnRussiantoconversewiththeiroverseersandgovernors,buttheyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue.In1867,whentheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,theAleutswereunabletobreaksharplywiththeirimmediatepastandsubstituteEnglishforanyoneoftheirthreelanguages.

TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy.TheAleutscametoregardEnglisheducationasadevicetowithdrawthemfromtheirreligiousfaith.TheintroductionofcompulsoryEnglishschoolingcausedaminorrebirthofRussiancultureastheAleutparentssoughttocounteracttheinfluenceoftheschoolroom.TheharshlifeoftheRussiancolonialrulebegantoappearmorehappyandbeautifulinretrospect.

RegulationsforbiddinginstructioninanylanguageotherthanEnglishincreaseditsunpopularity.ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.Fromthewordingofmanyregulations,itappearsthatAmericanadministratorsoftenhadnottheslightestideathattheA