克隆的英語辯論

1、Cloningisthereplicationofanexactgeneticcopyofanorganismbyuseofasomatictissue(orcell)fromthedonororganism.Cloningcanbeusedinhumans,humanorgans,orevenanimals.克隆是利用體細(xì)胞組織的一個(gè)確切的一個(gè)生物體的遺傳復(fù)制的復(fù)制(或細(xì)胞)從供體生物?？寺〖夹g(shù)可應(yīng)用于人類，人類的器官，甚至動(dòng)物。Abenefitofcloningiscloninghumanorgansorbodyparts.Ifapersonhasadysfunctionalliveror

2、heartthentheycouldgetitclonedandgetabrandnewone.Thesearesomeofthebenefitsofcloning.克隆的一個(gè)好處是克隆人體器官或身體部位。如果一個(gè)人有一個(gè)不正常的肝臟或心臟就可以得到克隆并獲得一個(gè)新品牌。這些都是一些好處的克隆。Cloningcanbringmanybenefitstothehuman,suchasrejuvenation,helpfulforDefectivegenes,Liverfailure,KidneyfailureandLeukemia.Thesediseaseareverydifferenttocu

3、re,ifweusethecloningtechnologywecanchangetheGenesDNAorder,sowecansavelotsofpeople.克隆也會(huì)給人類帶來很多好處，如振興，有利于缺陷基因，肝功能衰竭，腎功能衰竭和白血病。這些疾病是非常不同的治療，如果我們使用克隆技術(shù)可以改變基因的DNA排序，這樣就可以節(jié)省大量的人。advantagesofcloningdecreasingthepainofwomenwhocantgivebirthpromotingthedevelopmentofgeneticstestingwhetherthereisgeneticdefectin

4、new-bornscuringthenervoussystemdamages優(yōu)點(diǎn)的克隆降低婦女不能生育的痛苦促進(jìn)遺傳學(xué)的發(fā)展檢測(cè)是否有新出生的遺傳缺陷治療神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損害1、正方：自然界存在克隆現(xiàn)象。在自然界中，有許多植物是出世與克隆本能，如馬鈴薯，玫瑰。嫁接是一種克隆。此外，克隆已經(jīng)在自然的動(dòng)物和微生物的存在。例如，同卵雙胞胎的實(shí)際上是一個(gè)克隆。Natureitselfexistscloningphenomenon.Innature,therearemanyplantswhicharebornwiththeinstinctofcloning,suchaspotato,rose.Graftingi

5、saclone.Besides,clonehavealreadyexistedinnaturalanimalandmicrobe.Forexample,monozygotictwinsisactuallyaclone.反方：我認(rèn)為你的觀點(diǎn)有些偏離辯論賽的題目。我們的辯論點(diǎn)是人類是否應(yīng)該被克隆。所以你應(yīng)該應(yīng)回到辯題上。IthinkthatyourpointhavesomedeviationfromthethesubjectofEnglishdebatecontest.Ourdebatepointsiswhetherhumancloningshouldbeallowed.Soyoushouldbe

6、backtothesubject.2、正方：謝謝你提醒我，但是我舉的這些例子說明克隆已成為一個(gè)重要技術(shù)。它可以用于造福人類，例如，用于器官移植Thankyouforremindingme,butIcitetheseexamplestoillustrateclonehasbecomeanimportanttechnology.Itcanbeusedforthebenefitofmankind,forexample,usedinorgantransplantation反方：克隆技術(shù)依然不夠成熟，它存在意想不到的結(jié)果。在動(dòng)物克隆試驗(yàn)中存在高失敗率、高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如多利羊壽命不長(zhǎng)久。Itcancauseso

7、meunexpectiveresultsbecausethecloningtechnologyisstillimmature.Cloningexperimentsinanimalsthatappearinthehighfailurerate,high-risk.Eventheclonedanimalsmayliveaveryshorttime.Forexample,Dollylivedonly6yearslong,nomorethanhalftheaveragetime.3、正方：但是，克隆技術(shù)用于器官移植有很多好處。它會(huì)尋求更多的器官移植來源廣泛，降低免疫排斥反應(yīng)和提高移植成功率。例如，克隆

8、技術(shù)可用于治療神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損害。成年人不再生神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。但干細(xì)胞可以修復(fù)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損傷。Butthecloningtechnologyfororgantransplantationhasmanybenefits.Itcanseekmoreextensivesourcesfororgantransplantation,reducetheimmunologicalrejectionandimprovethesuccessrateoftransplantation.Forexample,cloningtechnologycanbeusedforthetreatmentofnervoussystemdamag

9、e.Adultscantregeneratenervecells.butstemcellscanrepairthenervoussysteminjury.反方：有些人也許利用克隆技術(shù)來克隆人，摘取他們的器官進(jìn)行移植。那我們?nèi)祟惓墒裁戳?？我認(rèn)為這是一種侵犯人權(quán)的行為。另外，很多宗教人士反對(duì)克隆，認(rèn)為它違背了自然規(guī)則。Somepeoplemayusetheclonetechnologytoclonehumanandharvestfororganstransplanting.Thenwhatwehumanare?Ithinkitisaviolationofhumanrights.Furthermor

10、e,mostreligiouspeopleareonthedown-sideofcloning.Manysaythatcloningismessingwiththenaturalorderofthings.4、正方：但是，一個(gè)單一的器官克隆不違反人權(quán)的行為。此外，克隆技術(shù)也可用于繁殖有價(jià)值的基因。例如，在醫(yī)學(xué)上，產(chǎn)生胰島素治療糖尿病。通過遺傳選擇，我們可以控制的遺傳病。Butasingleorgancloningisntaviolationofhumanrights.Inaddition,Cloningtechnologycanalsobeusedtomultiplyvaluablegenes

11、.Forexample,inmedicine,insulinisproducedtotreatdiabetes.Throughgeneticselection,wecancontrolthegeneticdisease.首先，克隆人技術(shù)難度大，要達(dá)到一定的數(shù)量很難，即使將來有那么幾個(gè)克隆人來到世界上，也不見得會(huì)威脅到人類的生存。其次，人們對(duì)事物的接受也有一個(gè)過程，人的倫理道德觀念是可以改變的，現(xiàn)在接受不了的東西，將來不見得不能接受。最近，一位父親寫信說，他5歲的兒子因患白血病死了，這位父親悲痛萬分，迫切希望國(guó)家的克隆技術(shù)快速進(jìn)步，成為第一個(gè)受益者。要求克隆自己死去的孩子不能說不合人之常情吧？F

12、irst,thecloningtechnologyisdifficult,verydifficulttoreachacertainnumber,eveniftherearesofewcloneswillcomeintotheworld,maynotbethethreattohumansurvival.Secondly,theacceptanceofthingsthatpeoplehaveaprocess,thehumanmoralconceptscanbechanged,andnowcannotacceptwhatthefuturemaynotbeacceptable.Recently,afa

13、therwrotethathis5yearoldsondiedofleukemia,died,thefathergrieved,eagertorapidprogressincloningthecountry,becamethefirstbeneficiary.Requirescloneofhisdeadchildcannotsaythatsub-humannature,right?再次，科技的發(fā)展有自身的內(nèi)在規(guī)律，細(xì)胞技術(shù)的發(fā)展是擋不住的。在生命科學(xué)研究中，克隆技術(shù)是一項(xiàng)十分有用的技術(shù)。即使對(duì)克隆人持反對(duì)意見的人也不敢斷言人類社會(huì)根本不需要搞克隆人?？寺∪说难芯繒?huì)對(duì)解決發(fā)育生物學(xué)中某些理論問題

14、提供契機(jī)，也可能會(huì)提供對(duì)人類很有用的技術(shù)。對(duì)于克隆人不要總想著倫理、法律和道德，這些極易束縛科學(xué)家的手腳和創(chuàng)造力。Again,thedevelopmentoftechnologyhasitsowninternalrules,thecelltechnologyisunstoppable.Inlifescienceresearch,cloningisaveryusefultechnique.Evenifpeopledisagreeonthecloningofpeopledonotsaycategoricallydonotneedtoengageinhumansociety,humancloning

15、.Humancloningresearchwilladdresssometheoreticalissuesindevelopmentalbiologyprovideanopportunity,butalsomayprovideusefultechniquetohumans.Donotalwaysthinkabouttheethicsofhumancloning,legalandmoral,whicheasilytiedthehandsofscientistsandcreativity.法律并不能阻撓科技的發(fā)展，但可以對(duì)其提供引導(dǎo)和限制，由此爭(zhēng)得充分的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和心理、制度準(zhǔn)備，以便充分和估計(jì)科技

16、發(fā)展的負(fù)面作用，趨利避害，建立一套可操作的制度和規(guī)則，只要政府加強(qiáng)管理，克隆的危害就可以減到最小。Thelawdoesnotpreventthedevelopmentoftechnology,butitprovidesguidanceandlimitations,whichgainsufficienttimetoprepareandpsychological,institutionalpreparation,inordertofullyandestimatedthenegativeeffectsoftechnologicaldevelopment,whileavoidingdisadvanta

17、ges,theestablishmentofasetoperationsystemsandrules,aslongastheGovernmenttostrengthenmanagement,cloningcanminimizetheharm.只要充分協(xié)調(diào)好科學(xué)價(jià)值與社會(huì)價(jià)值，個(gè)體價(jià)值與群體價(jià)值，暫時(shí)價(jià)值與長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)價(jià)值之間的關(guān)系，把有利于提高人類生存質(zhì)量和可持續(xù)發(fā)展作為我們的價(jià)值評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，克隆技術(shù)本身才會(huì)在未來社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮出它的巨大潛力。只要把是否有利于人類生存質(zhì)量的提高和可持續(xù)發(fā)展作為克隆技術(shù)應(yīng)用的價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就能使這些克隆技術(shù)更好地為人類和社會(huì)服務(wù)。Iffullycoordinatethesci

18、entificandsocialvalues,individualvaluesandgroupvalues,temporaryandlong-termvalueoftherelationshipbetweenthevalue,tohelpimprovethequalityofhumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopmentcriteria,asourvalues,cloningtechnologyitselfwillbeinplayandsocialdevelopmentinthefutureofitsgreatpotential.Aslongasitiscondu

19、civetoimprovingthequalityofhumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopmentofcloningtechnologyasastandardofvalue,canmakethembetterforthecloningofhumanandsocialservices.克隆人的出現(xiàn)，不會(huì)導(dǎo)致世界人口的快速增長(zhǎng)。就像我國(guó)現(xiàn)在實(shí)行的單獨(dú)二胎政策一樣，很多人都不想生第二個(gè)孩子。因?yàn)槎嘁粋€(gè)孩子，就會(huì)給家庭多增加一份負(fù)擔(dān)。Theemergenceofhumancloning,willnotleadtotherapidgrowthoftheworldpopul

20、ation.Justlikeinthepresentsystemofselectivetwo-childpolicy,manypeopledonotwanttohaveasecondchild.Becauseonemorechild,willgivethefamilyanextraburden.1.statinganopinion陳述觀點(diǎn)a.inmyopinion我的意見是b.personallyIthink我個(gè)人認(rèn)為c.Ibelievethat我相信d.Ithinkthat我覺得e.thepointisthat關(guān)鍵是,要點(diǎn)是f.ifyouaskme如果你問我g.Idliketosaythis

21、：我會(huì)這樣說h.Idliketopointoutthat我想指出的是i.speakingformyself站在自己的立場(chǎng)上說j.asfarasImconcerned，就我而言，k.inmyexperience根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)l.Anotherpointisthat另一點(diǎn)是m.Anotherwayoflookingatitis看這個(gè)問題的另一個(gè)看法是n.Iforgottosay/tellyouthat我忘記要講.2.challenginganopinion質(zhì)疑某種觀點(diǎn)a.thatcantbetrue那不可能是真的。b.butwhatabout？但關(guān)于方面呢？3.clarifyingapoint闡述觀

22、點(diǎn)a.whatIsaidwas我剛才說的是b.whatImeantosaywas我的意思是說c.letmerepeatwhatIsaid.讓我重復(fù)我剛才所說的。d.letmerephrasewhatIsaid.讓我重申剛才所說的。4.agreeingwithanopinion同意觀點(diǎn)a.ofcourse當(dāng)然。b.right.是的。c.exactly.對(duì)。d.thatstrue.是那樣。e.sodoI.（neitherdoI.）我也這樣認(rèn)為。（不這樣認(rèn)為。）f.Iagreecompletely.我完全贊同。g.Iagreewithyouentirely.我完全同意你所說的。h.youreabsolutelyright.顯然你是對(duì)的。i.thatsagoodpoint.這個(gè)看法不錯(cuò)。j.Icouldntagreewithyoumore.我絕對(duì)贊成你。k.thatsjustwhatIthink.我就是那樣認(rèn)為的。l.Ifeelthesameway.我也持同樣的想法。5.disagreeingwithanopinion反對(duì)意見。a.however，然而b.Imafraididisagree.恐怕我是持反對(duì)意見的。c.Idontthinkso.我不那樣認(rèn)為。d.Idontthink我認(rèn)為不是那樣的。e.ontheotherhand另一方面f.onthecontrary.相反的。g