英漢顏色詞文化

1、一、英漢顏色詞文化內(nèi)涵對(duì)比紅色綠色 白色黑色黃色藍(lán)色紫色 漢語(yǔ)：青春 生命 希望 春天 永生英語(yǔ)： 缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn) 嫉妒 貪婪green hand green-eyedHe was all green when he saw the heap of jewelsMarys girl friends were all green with envy when they saw her new dress. She is still in the green.綠色白色漢語(yǔ)潔白 清白無(wú)辜白喜事白菜 白熊 白蟻徒勞白費(fèi)力氣白送單純的、不摻雜的白開(kāi)水白條、白癡、坦白英語(yǔ)Purity virginity inn

2、ocencea white liefuneralsChinese cabbage，polar bear，termite黑色漢語(yǔ)邪惡 死亡 秘密 腐敗黑幫 黑點(diǎn) 黑手 黑社會(huì)黑話 黑幕 英語(yǔ)陰郁 憤怒 邪惡 死亡 to look black blacklistTo be in a black moodblack box black tea黃色漢語(yǔ)：尊色 崇高 尊嚴(yán) 輝煌黃袍腐化墮落 黃色電影、黃色書刊英語(yǔ)：膽小卑怯 背信棄義 A yellow dog 卑鄙的人A yellow-livered coward 膽小鬼Yellow pages yellow journalism不擇手段地夸張、渲染以招

3、攬或影響讀者的黃色新聞編輯作風(fēng)藍(lán)色漢語(yǔ)：晴朗天氣 西方文明？ 海洋文明？ 英語(yǔ)：不快、抑郁、情緒低沉、沮喪 in a blue moodhaving the bluesa blue Monday地位顯赫、出生高貴皇家色 royal families blue blood，blue bookcold with blue blue collarblue strips 紫色漢語(yǔ)紅得發(fā)紫打得青一塊紫一塊英語(yǔ) associated with kings and queens and Roman EMPERORS，and the Pope 帝王色 憤怒 盛怒purple with age purple i

4、n the face be bruised (beaten) black and blue二、英漢動(dòng)物詞匯文化內(nèi)涵對(duì)比DogPigCatDragonMagpieSparrowCuckoo牛 虎 as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶lead a dogs life 過(guò)著牛馬一樣的生活cry up wine and sell vinegar 掛羊頭，賣狗肉put/turn back the clock 開(kāi)倒車talk horse 吹牛kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 殺雞取卵drink like a fish 牛飲as strong a

5、s a horse 力大如牛A lion in the way 攔路虎Birds of a feather 一丘之貉 as timid as a hare 膽小如鼠（在西方文化中，兔子是膽小的象征，而在我 國(guó)，兔子卻象征著機(jī)警敏捷。人們常說(shuō)：“靜若處子，動(dòng)若脫兔?！笔笤谖覈?guó)才是膽小的象征，所以翻譯時(shí)直接加以歸化。）wet like a drown rat 濕如落湯雞as stupid as a goose 蠢得像豬 as happy as a cow 快樂(lè)得像只百靈鳥as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛seek a hare in a hens nest 緣木求魚 a bull

6、 in a china shop公牛闖進(jìn)瓷器店肆意搗亂 to shed crocodile tears 流鱷魚眼淚假慈悲 三、英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系 Corresponding relationship of English and Chinese IdiomsA. Exactly the same in both English and Chinese ( few)B. Basically share the same meaning or partially the same. (more than group A) C. Share the similar words but differe

7、nt meaning (a lot)A. Exactly the same both in English and Chinese ( few)Barking dogs do not bite. 吠犬不咬人。Who is contented, enjoys. 知足者常樂(lè)。Misfortunes never come singly. 禍不單行。It is harder to change human nature than to change rivers and mountains. 江山難改，本性難移。Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。B. Basically s

8、hare the same meaning/partially the same. (more than group A) as light as a feather 輕如鴻毛to take a load off ones mind 如釋重負(fù)to run in the same groove; to cut from the same cloth.如出一轍to make a beast of oneself形同禽獸He that hath been bitten by a serpent is afraid of a rope.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草繩。Shallow streams make

9、most din.水深不響， 水響不深。Money makes the mare go.有錢能使鬼推磨。Reckless youth makes rueful age. 少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。C.Share the similar words but different meaning (a lot)pull ones leg 欺騙或戲弄某人 （不是：拖某人后腿）Ignorance of the law is no excuse of breaking it. （法盲犯法不可恕，強(qiáng)調(diào)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行法律。） 不知者無(wú)罪（強(qiáng)調(diào)網(wǎng)開(kāi)一面）Strike while the iron is hot （強(qiáng)調(diào)“

10、抓住時(shí)機(jī)”） 趁熱打鐵（著重抓緊行動(dòng)）Lock the stable-door after the horse is stolen. （強(qiáng)調(diào)為時(shí)已晚。）亡羊補(bǔ)牢（強(qiáng)調(diào)受到損失后想法彌補(bǔ)，以免再受損失。）D.Totally differentcast ones bread upon the waters 不期望報(bào)答所作之事 肉包子打狗有去無(wú)回keep the wolf from the door 免于饑餓，勉強(qiáng)度日 狼吞虎咽make ones blood freeze 令人恐懼 毛骨悚然have bats in the belfry 頭腦有點(diǎn)古怪 see the sun 活著四、其它習(xí)語(yǔ)比較 M

11、ore examples of Chinese and English idioms（1） Once the wife of a parson, always the wife of a parson.嫁雞隨雞，嫁狗隨狗。（2）One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一個(gè)和尚挑水吃，兩個(gè)和尚抬水吃，三個(gè)和尚沒(méi)水吃。（3） Last night I heard him driving his pig to market.昨夜我聽(tīng)到他鼾聲如雷。（4）I didnt tell George when he came home.

12、 Hed have laughed his head off. 喬治回家時(shí)我沒(méi)敢告訴他，否則他會(huì)笑掉牙的。（5）Johnson obviously knows this street like the back of his hand. 顯然約翰遜對(duì)這條街了如指掌。（6）He was so fond of talking that his comrades nicknamed him magpie. 他如此嘮叨,同伴們給他起了個(gè) “麻雀”的外號(hào)。（英語(yǔ)中 “喜鵲” 喻義 “嘮叨、饒舌”, 但在漢語(yǔ)中 “喜鵲” 卻象征著 “喜事、吉祥”, 而 “麻雀” 表示 “嘮叨、饒舌”。）五、英漢語(yǔ)中的一些

13、不同表達(dá)方式英語(yǔ)中有一些計(jì)量詞，如score, dozen, decade, quarter等，在漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的表達(dá)方式，在漢譯時(shí)得對(duì)其加以轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：(1) But about three decades ago, the course became something of a stepchild when bilingual education became the preferred method of teaching foreign students. 然而大約30年前，當(dāng)人們更喜歡用雙語(yǔ)方式教授外國(guó)學(xué)生時(shí)，該課程便遭到了幾分冷遇。(2) A dozen and a half a

14、eroplanes poured out into the airport during that five minutes. 那5分鐘內(nèi)，有18架飛機(jī)涌進(jìn)了機(jī)場(chǎng)。(3) During the first part of his life, Watt studied weather and storm.瓦特年輕時(shí)研究天氣和風(fēng)暴。(4) Well, a couple of years later, they became enemies. But we are getting ahead of the story.幾年以后，他們反目成仇，不過(guò)這是后話，我們說(shuō)到故事后頭去了。表述角度上不盡相同造成

15、的差別(1) Our Faux Sapphire 25% discount. 本店人造藍(lán)寶石打七五折。(2) You are quite a stranger here.這兒的人不認(rèn)識(shí)你。(3) There used to be a river here two centuries back of this. 兩個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，這里曾經(jīng)有一條河。(4) Im low IQ (intelligent quotient), you know. 你知道，我這個(gè)人很笨。(5) There is always a place for you at our table. 請(qǐng)你隨時(shí)來(lái)吃便飯。(6) It never rains but it pours. 不下則已，一下傾盆。(7) John was a fool for danger