賓語從句和表語從句課件

1、Noun clauses as the subjectUnit 4 Grammar主語從句 主語從句 (Subject Clause)主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句。 That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2. What we need are good doctors.3. Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.賓語從句Noun clauses as the objectNoun clauses

2、 as the object and the predicative賓語表語賓語從句賓語從句是在主從復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句。1.I dont know whether he will come here.2.She told/said to me what she had done in the classroom.3.She laughed at what I told her.4.I am pleased that you have passed the exam.5.He said to us that they would help us through the whole work.

3、6. I am sure that he will pass the exam.7.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.8. I dont understand why so many people are crowding round him.注意1：賓語從句一般位于及物動詞、及物動詞+間接賓語、介詞和be動詞+形容詞等的后面。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有：注意:從屬連詞that(一般可以省略)沒有具體含義,不做成分，只做連接詞；if/whether表示“是否”，不做成分，只連接詞。He knows (that) J

4、im will work hard.He said to us (that) he wouldnt go there.He asked me whether/if I would go there.I wonder if/whether you could do me a favor.注意2：并列連詞連接兩個或者兩個以上的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時,只有第一個that能夠省略。1.I think (that) smoking is harmful to your health.2. I believe (that) you have done your best and that he will

5、 make progress.3. He understand (that) friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.注意3：在賓語從句中，if和whether表示是否時一般可以互換。但是以下情況中只能用whether:1.從句中有or not時。2.引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句時。3.后面直接跟動詞不定式(to do)時。1.He asked me if /whether I could help him.2.I wonder whether it is true or not.3.They are t

6、alking about whether he will come.4.He doesnt know whether to go there by himself.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有：用法注意：連接代詞who, whom, what, which,whoever, whatever，whose等在從句中主語，賓語,表語和定語.I cant tell you who will go there with me.Do you know what they are?He asked me what John was doing in theclassroom?He asked me which bo

7、ok I liked best.Do you know whose book it is?注意4：1.who具有疑問含義，表示特指；whoever指任何人，表示泛指。2.whatever比what的語氣強(qiáng)，whatever意為“anything that（任何事物）”3.which具有疑問含義，表示“哪一個”; whichever強(qiáng)調(diào)無論哪一個1.Do you know who broke the window?2.We will punish whoever breaks the law.3.Are you sure what she said?4.Do whatever you like.

8、5.I cant tell you which girl will go there.6.You can take whichever book you like from here.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有：用法注意：連接副詞when, where, how, why等在從句中作狀語,不能省略 Could you tell me how we can get to the station?I dont know when the meeting will begin.Do you know why Tom went there yesterday?Do you know where they wi

9、ll go? 注意5：賓語從句的語序為陳述句語序。但是：疑問句What is the matter with sb?在賓語從句中的語序不變。1.Do you know who/whom they are talking about?2.Can you tell me where the booking office is?3.I wonder why they called her last night.4.He told me what had happened to him.5.He asked me how I would do it.注意6：如果動詞think/consider/fin

10、d/feel/believe/make等的后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，一般用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語從句后置。1.We thought it strange that John did not come to school.2.He has made it clear that he will not give in.3.He feels it his duty that he should study English well.4.He finds it a pity that he didnt pass the exam.注意：賓語從句的否定前移：指當(dāng)主句的主語是第一人稱，而且主句的謂語動詞

11、是thinkbelievesupposeexpect等感知動詞(guesshope除外)時，常把對賓語從句的否定前移到主句中去。I dont think you are right.I dont believe such a little boy can do so much work in such a short time.We dont expect she will go there.I hope/guess that he will not help us.注意：當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在/過去時，從句根據(jù)自身的時間情況而使用不同的時態(tài)。但當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象，則從句只用

12、現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。1. The teacher asked us why Tom had left for America.2. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.3. Jack asks John where he is going.4.Lucy said that she was born on April 1,1980.表語從句Noun clauses as the predicative表語從句表語從句是在主從復(fù)合句中作表語的從句。它們一般位于系動詞(be/ remain /look/ seem/ appear 等)

13、的后面1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses causedby smoking.2.The question remains whetherwe can win the people.3.It looks as if/though it is goingto rain.4.That is why she didnt come. 注意7：表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞比賓語從句少了if多了as if/though 和because.2.The question remains whetherwe can win the people.

14、(這里只能用whether)3.It looks as if/though it is going to rain.4.That is because she wants to lose weight.注意8：表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that一定不能夠省略。1.The fact is that he has passed the exam.2.My suggestion is that you should not eat too much sugar.3.Her idea is that he had better finish it in time.注意9：當(dāng)主句主語是reason時，表語從句引導(dǎo)

15、詞要用that而不是because。1.The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.2.The reason why I only have 2 apples every day was that I want to lose weight.表語從句語序：陳述句語序1.It remains whether they will go there.2.The problem is how much I should pay for it.1. Do you know _? A. what time wil

16、l the plane take off B. what time would the plane take off C. what time the plane will take off D. the plane will take off at what timePractice2. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter3.-Could I speak to _ is in charge of

17、 class 139, please? A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who4.The thick smog covered the whole city.It was _ a great black blanket had been thrown over it. A. what B. because C. as if D. even if5 Do you think _ worse that we take their advice?A. one B. that C. this D. it6 I _ think it _ rain

18、. A. dont; will B. did; wontC. do; wont D. didnt; will7. He said we should finish the work today, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how8. He wouldnt tell me _ his new car. A. did he pay how much B. he paid how much for C. how much did he pay D. how much he paid for9. The reason I

19、have to go is _ if I dont.A. that she will be disappointedB. because she will be disappointedC. because she will be disappointing D. that she will be disappointing10. It was _ he worked hard that he succeeded.A. since B. because C. as D. for11. What the doctors really doubt is_ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon A. when B. if C. whether D. why1. They dont know _ we are going hiking.2. She wanted to know _ her