專業(yè)英語攝影CameraTypes課件

1、Camera TypesThere are many kinds of cameras for many types of uses. Today we will learn about some of them. Any of them could be a digital camera.Camera TypesOne guys collections with some 50+ film cameras/photos/metalkpirate1day/2125008121/Why So Many Different Types?Main Camera TypesSingle Lens Re

2、flexTwin Lens ReflexViewfinderView CameraPinholeAny of the above can be a Digital camera. A digital camera is simply the medium that an image is recorded on.Pinhole CameraPinhole DiagramSSNSNASNAANNSort ofNSort ofNNSort ofAASSNot ReallySNot ReallyNSNot ReallyNMNNMNMNSNAANNANSNot ReallyNMNMNAdvantage

3、s of Pinhole CameraVery inexpensiveEasy to make onematerials can be found from existing household items: oatmeal container (or similar item), aluminum foil and tape.Artistic impressionMaximum depth of field (area in focus)Disadvantages of Pinhole CameraNo controlsLong exposuresCan NOT view what the

4、camera seesUsages of Pinhole CamerasLearn how light worksLearn how cameras workArtsy photosBe sure you can:Determine which of the 15 features apply to each cameraList the advantages of your cameraList the disadvantages of your cameraList the usages of your cameraTypes of Cameras, Part 2Types of Came

5、ras5 Main Types (there are others)PinholeViewfinderSingle Lens ReflexTwin Lens ReflexView*All of the above can be a digital cameraLens Based Camera Obscura, 1568Pinhole CameraPinhole Camerathis is like the Camera Obscurajust a light tight box with a hole and cover as a shutter. Matchbox Pinhole Came

6、raa. Advantages: Easy to use, inexpensivecan make from home materials, Artsy view of subjects (impressionistic)b. Disadvantages: No controls, low pictures qualityViewfinder Digital CamerasViewfinderViewfinder - Uses a separate window for viewing as the lens for taking the picture. IOW, you are not r

7、eally looking at a real live image. This applies to most P&S Digital Cameras.a. Advantages: Easy to use, “point and shoot” cameras, focus free, small compact camerasb. Disadvantages: Few controlsno creative picture control, low picture quality with the cheaper cameras (especially disposable with pla

8、stic parts)ViewfinderSLR Single Lens ReflexThe Pentax K1000 and ZX-M are two SLRs we use. Viewing & exposure is done through the same lens (TTL). SLR Single Lens Reflexa. Advantages: TTL is best way to acquire images spontaneously, with no parallax error, TTL light metering, usually have a wide vari

9、ety of interchangeable lenses, a variety of controlled adjustments with a wide range of shutter speeds, exposure assisted by a CPUb. Disadvantages: Frequently have complicated controls, larger camera size, bulky when carrying extra lenses, shutter and mirror reflex system tends to be noisySLR Single

10、 Lens ReflexDSLR Digital Single Lens ReflexPentax K100d DSLR we use in class.Several Options with each BrandSLR SystemTLR Twin Lens ReflexUses two lenses synchronized for viewing and exposure.TLR Twin Lens Reflexa. Advantages: Larger film size for high quality enlargements, TTL focusing due to the v

11、iewing and taking lenses being tied together, critical focus magnifier to give extra image detail, image always visible in viewfinder, even when the shutter is activated, convenience of both waist-level and eye level “shooting”.b. Disadvantages: Lots of controls, large sized camera, many models do n

12、ot have interchangeable lenses, image laterally reversed from left-to-right in the waist level viewfinder, some parallax error.Size of Imager (film or sensor)TLR Twin Lens ReflexViewDigital Backs can be purchased for just about any camera. For a Medium Format camera expect to spend: $30,000 or more!

13、ViewLarge format camera that allows for control of the focal plane, especially for use for landscape and architecture.ViewViewViewThis photo of a mountain scene captured using a 4x5 View Camera and a 90mm wide-angle lens (roughly the equivalent of a 28mm lens in 35mm format). The foreground-to-backg

14、round sharpness is a result of tilting the front standard, placing the focus plane diagonal to the film plane. Viewa. Advantages: Allows for perspective and distortion control of landscapes and architecture, large film size allows for very large prints (poster sized), variety of special-use attachme

15、nts, directly viewing of the image TTL, wide selection of lensesb. Disadvantages: Lots of controls, VERY large sized and heavy camera, most models require the use of a tripod, image difficult to see on viewing glass, takes considerable time to set up and use, image lost on viewing glass after film holder is inserted, photographer needs to know when and how to use the four standard movements.V