英語作文：說明文的7種類型和結(jié)構(gòu)

1、七種類型說明文的寫作構(gòu)思 一、 原因（理由）分析說明文（三段式） Introduction including the Thesis Cause 1 - Body Cause 2 - Effect Cause 3 - Conclusion 萬能原因 方便、安全、成就、效率、環(huán)保、交流、利他、情感、性格、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、樂趣、耐久、經(jīng)濟(jì)、健康、社會(huì)、公平 原因的分類： 內(nèi)部原因外部原因 主觀原因客觀原因 主要原因次要原因 二、結(jié)果分析說明文（三段式） （ Single cause, Multiple effects） Introduction including the Thesis - Effect 1

2、 Cause - Effect 2 Body - Effect 3 Conclusion 三、比較對(duì)比說明文 作文標(biāo)題舉例： The New Years Sacrifice 祝福 -the Novel and the Film High School Life and College Life Individualism and Collectivism 個(gè)人主義和集體主義 整體與整體的對(duì)比 正文（第二段）結(jié)構(gòu)： A. Traveling by bus speed; expense; safety B. Traveling by train speed; expense; safety C.

3、Traveling by plane speed; expense; safety四、類比說明文 A Special Kind of Comparison Life and Journey Eating and Reading The Camera and the Eye 五、分解分類說明文 選取有意義的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（meaningful principle） 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致，避免交叉（overlapping） 每一分類都要冠名和界定 避免“是非二分法”，避免劃分類別過多。 分解分類說明文中心句舉例： Consumer goods may be divided into stable goods,日用品

4、 convenience goods, and emergency goods. Each year, people in the United States look forward to various holidays to commemorate a patriotic, political, or religious event of the past. 作文標(biāo)題舉例： Various Kinds of Lectures Different Intentions Attending Sports Different English Learners 六、過程分析說明文 過程分析類型： 指導(dǎo)型 directional type; 信息型 informative type 學(xué)會(huì)劃分步驟 作文標(biāo)題舉例： How to Complain 投訴 The Steps to Lose Weight How to Prepare for a Job Interview 七、舉例分析說明文 作文標(biāo)題舉例： School-failed Successful People Interesti