莎士比亞的詩(shī)

1、Sonnets of ShakespearePART ONEIntroduction to Shakespeare.PART TWO SonnetsPART THREEAppreciation of sonnet 18.PART FOURAppreciation of sonnet 23.CONTENTS01Introduction to Shakespeare.PART ONE01Introduction to ShakespeareBrief introductionWilliam Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 161

2、6) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the worlds pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called Englands national poet and the Bard of Avon. His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two

3、long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.01Introduction to ShakespeareThe Writing StyleShakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early pl

4、ays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last

5、 phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights.01Introduction to ShakespeareHistorical evaluationShakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. In th

6、e twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.02Sonnets.PART TWO02Int

7、roductionAn exact form of peotry in 14 lines of iambic pentameter intricately rhymed. 1.Originater in Italy around the1350s;2.Perfected by petrarch(1304-1374);3.Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced Petrarchan sonnet from Italy into English literature.4.Decline and revival. 1.the Italian or Petrachian sonnet;

8、2.the English or Shakespearean sonnet.Origion DevelopmentDefinitionTypesFeatures02Common Sense : Old Poetic UseThou : you as subjectThee: you as objectThy:your followed by a consonantThine: yourfollowed by a vowelArt: areEst,st:second person singularHath: has02Meter and FeetThe meter of a verse can

9、be described as a sequence of feet, each foot being a specific sequence of syllable types. 某種固定的輕重搭配叫“音步”（foot）。一行詩(shī)中輕重搭配出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)叫音步數(shù)（meter）一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)與一或兩個(gè)輕讀音節(jié)按一定的模式搭配起來(lái)，有規(guī)律的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)就是英文詩(shī)歌的節(jié)奏。輕讀音節(jié)是“抑”，重讀音節(jié)是“揚(yáng)”如一輕一重，是抑揚(yáng)格。抑揚(yáng)格很符合英文的發(fā)音規(guī)律，所以在英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌中應(yīng)用最多的就是抑揚(yáng)格，百分之八十以上的英文詩(shī)歌都用的是抑揚(yáng)格02ExampleShall I compare thee to a Summe

10、rs day? 最后的音是ay,歸類為a.Thou art more lovely and more temperate; 最后的音是te,歸類為b.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 最后的音是ay,因?yàn)橹暗谝恍幸呀?jīng)有 一樣的音了,所以同樣歸類為a.And Summers lease hath all too short a date. 最后的音是te,因?yàn)橹暗诙幸呀?jīng)有 一樣的音了,所以同樣歸類為b. 每四行為一段,所以這段的架構(gòu)為abab.接下來(lái)如果又出現(xiàn)不同的音,那就再分為c,d,e,f,g.02The English or

11、Shakespearean sonnetShakespearEnglish sonnet characteristically embodies four divisions of three quatrains(each with a rhyme-scheme of its own) and a final rhymed couplet. The typical rhyme-scheme for the English is abab cdcd efef gg.The couplet at the end is usually a commentary on the foregoing,an

12、 epigrammatic close.02Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnetsthe first 126 Shankespearean sonnets to a handsome young manThe latter Shakes pearean sonnets are addressed to a dark lady of ill repute03Appreciation of sonnet 18.PART THREE03Sonnet 18Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and m

13、ore temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance,or natures changing course,untrimmd; But thy eternal summer sh

14、all not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst.Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.03Annotation:temperate: mild, neither cold nor hot.date: contin

15、uous period of time.the eye of heaven: the plexion: face. dim: make something darkened.03Appreciation At the beginning of the poem,Shakespeare compared his friends with summer,May flower buds and sun which might be the most beautiful things in the world.He thought that they all have certain limitati

16、ons and cant reach his friends.Compared to the General, friends are more lovely and more temperate;In particular, the summer flower-buds of May be blown by winds, the summer sun is too hot, and often was obscured.In comparison, Shakespeare points out that all things of beauty, as the flow of time, n

17、atural change, eventually avoiding litter. You are better than flowers and record, but your handsome appearance there is still danger of erosion.What to do?Poetry is timeless, only in my poems, in the immortal art, you will live forever.04Appreciation of sonnet 23.PART FOUR04Example 1Sonnet 23Asanun

18、perfectactoronthestage,Whowithhisfearisputbesideshispart,Orsomefiercethingrepletewithtoomuchrage,Whosestrengthsabundanceweakenshisownheart;SoI,forfearoftrust,forgettosayTheperfectceremonyoflovesrite,Andinmineownlovesstrengthseemtodecay,Oerchargdwithburthenofmineownlovesmight.Oletmybooksbethentheeloq

19、uenceAnddumbpresagersofmyspeakingbreast,Whopleadforlove,andlookforrecompense,Morethanthattonguethatmorehasthmoreexpressd.Olearntoreadwhatsilentlovehathwrit.Tohearwitheyesbelongstolovesfinewrit.04FiguresMay not be the most famousBut most movingGreat use of imageryThe simplicity and allegoric of the p

20、oem praise of the silent love. At first it use simile ”As an unperfect actor on the stage“to describe the nervous mood. Then another simile”some fierce thing replete with too much rage” The imagery is very vivid and appropriate.The poets sentiment changed from passive to positive like the ocean wave. Its all due to “thee”. Love is the power of his life. He use his poet lead us to a fairyland. He dipped vessel of his heart into that silent hour, it has filled with love.The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with al