七年級上冊英語語法歸納(共10頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上七年級上冊英語語法（精）一 Be 動詞（am, is, are）的用法口訣：I 用am , you 用are ,is 跟著他（he）她（she）它（it）。單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)are. 變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄，變否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘記，疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。 注意：be 動詞通常會和其他詞連寫在一起，如：Im , whats ,names, theyre等。I _ a student. You _ Janpanese. He _ my brother. She_ very nice. My name _Harry.They _ 10 years

2、 old.The books _ new. Mary, this _ Tom. There _ a desk in the room.What_ these? 二冠詞的用法冠詞分為不定冠詞（a ,an）、定冠詞（the）和零冠詞（不用冠詞的情況）三種。不定冠詞a（an）與數(shù)詞 one 同源，是“一個”的意思。a 用于輔音音素前，而 an 則用于元音音素前。定冠詞the的用法：巧計定冠詞the用法歌訣：特指雙方熟悉，上文已經(jīng)提起。世上獨一無二，方位名詞樂器。某些專有名詞，還有復(fù)數(shù)姓氏。序數(shù)詞最高級，習(xí)慣用語要牢記。零冠詞的用法：1. 專有名詞前一般不加冠詞China 中國 Europe 歐洲Le

3、i Feng 雷鋒 William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亞 2. 月份、星期、節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞January 一月份 Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié) Thanksgiving 感恩節(jié)National Day 國慶節(jié) May Day 勞動節(jié) 注:民族節(jié)日前要加the 如:the Spring Festival3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠詞I have lunch at school.我在學(xué)校吃午餐。 Summer is the best season for swimming.夏天是游泳的好季節(jié)。 比較： I had a big lunch y

4、esterday.昨天我吃了一頓豐盛的午餐。（表示某一個） 比較： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們一起在夏威夷度過的那個夏天。（表示特指） 4. 進(jìn)行球類運動 play basketball 打籃球 play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球 5.by+交通工具 by bus 乘公交車 by bike騎自行車 6. 固定詞組go to school 去上學(xué) go to bed 上床睡覺go by train 乘火車去 go by boat 乘船去在下列句中空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不

5、需用冠詞處劃/。1.Whats this? Its _ clock.2. _ first lesson is easy.3.What is it? Its _ “w”.4.What color is your coat? Its _orange. Its _orange coat.5. _woman is Mrs.Green. She is _ teacher.6.Those pens are in _ pencil-case.7.I like playing _ soccer.8.When does Lily go to _ bed in _evening?9._ “h”,_ “o”and

6、_“w” in the word “how”.10 I paly _ guitar every day.三 名詞和代詞的數(shù)1. 寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。baby_ case_knife_ photo_ Chinese_hamburger_potato_ key_ watch_ name_ strawberry_ tomato_dollar_ orange_ people_ documentary_ boy_piano_ child_ man_ this_ that_ I _ she_you_ bus_ wish_ Japanese_ am_2. 翻譯短語五門學(xué)科_ 三部電影_一些動作片_ 許多手

7、表_一點食品_ 一點蔬菜_許多冰激凌_ 三塊雞肉_一些工作_ 許多作業(yè)_四輛公共汽車_3.選擇填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C.

8、Japanese,German D.Japanese, Germans 4. Thata art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some

9、 in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.The _ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.

10、teachers四句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，注意以下五要素(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即Iwe, youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is要變?yōu)閍re。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠詞a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.(4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代詞this，that要變?yōu)閠hese，those。如：This is a box. Th

11、ese are boxes.把下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)句。1. This is a bike. 2. That is an eraser.3. It is a red orange.4. He is a teacher.5. Whats this?6. He is a Chinese boy.7. A photo is on the wall.5.改錯。1.He has many ice cream for breakfast._2.The girl has two broccoli for lunch._3.The student does a few homework every day._4.I

12、 want to go to movie._5.We can see much clothes in the store._6.Does she have three cousin?_7.They are Japaneses._8.I have some apple._9.I want to see a Beijing Opera._五時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)-一般現(xiàn)在時1) 一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。She is at home.2) 一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語every day, usually, always, often, sometimes, on Sunday等連用

13、,3) 一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀(事實)存在及普遍真理 The earth goes around the sun.1.含be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時Be 動詞要根據(jù)句中的主語的人稱和數(shù)而變化。它有三種形式：am, is ,are.如： I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are friends.2. 實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時一個動作經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)地發(fā)生，就用一般現(xiàn)在時。第三人稱單數(shù)（he, she, it,Tom和單數(shù)名詞等）作主語時，謂語動詞要加“s”或“es”，這種動詞形式簡稱為動詞的單三形式。記?。簡稳朔Q單三動，其他人稱用原形。如：

14、They get up at six oclock. He goes to school at seven thirty.3 動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：a.一般情況下在動詞詞尾加s 如：get-gets like-likes playplays， wantwants， workworks， knowknows， helphelps，getgetsb. 以字母s、x、ch或o結(jié)尾的動詞加-es；如：guessguesses， fixfixes， teachteaches， brushbrushes， gogoes，dodoes，watchwatches，catchcatchesc. 以輔音字母

15、y結(jié)尾的動詞，先變y為i，再加-es。如：studystudies，carrycarries，flyflies，worryworries特殊詞： have-has用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.We often _(play) in the playground.2. He _ (get) up at six oclock.3. _you _ (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_(do) he usually _(do) after school?5. _ they _(like) the World C

16、up?6._Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.  At night, she_ (watch) TV with his parents.8  _Mike _(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time _his mother_(do) the housework?11.He usually _ (get)up at six in the mor

17、ning.1She_(have) blues eyes.1We _(go ) to school every day1The boy _(like) playing  football.1We_(have)no classes on Sundays.1She_(write) to her mother once a week.1It _(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.1She often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.1Mike usually_(ride) a bike with his f

18、riends in the  park.20 Peter and Mary often_(play) badminton together.一按要求寫出下列各詞的相應(yīng)形式.1child（孩子）（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_2are not（縮寫）_3those（單數(shù)形式）_4I（賓格形式）_5box（復(fù)數(shù)形式）_6hour（同音詞）_7come（反義詞）_8.watch(復(fù)數(shù))_9.five(序數(shù)詞)_10.twelve(序數(shù)詞)_二、根據(jù)句意補(bǔ)全句子。1、 English is my favorite _ in school.2、 The twelfth month of a year is _.

19、3、 He loves to listen _ music.4、 _ you dance? Yes,I can.5、 I like milk(牛奶)and eggs _ breakfast.6、 I like baseball _ I dont like football.7、 _ your brother want to go to a movie?8、 Today is Thursday.It is _ tomorrow(明天).9、 They are from China,but they can _ English.10.My pen pal _ from Canada.三、用所給單詞

20、的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. February is the_(two)month of a year.2. How many_(child)do you have?3. He is a famous_(music)in the city.4. This is a _(Japan)car(小汽車).5. _(she)science teacheris Mr Baldwin.6. Miss Gao is a_(success)doctor.7. Thanks for_(sing) for us.8. Lets_(play)soccer ball today.9. What language _you _

21、 (speak)?10.Your sister_(not dance)in the morning.六指示代詞1This(這個) 和that（那個）用法(1)this和that是指示代詞，it是人稱代詞。(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠(yuǎn)的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠(yuǎn)處)(3)放在一起的兩樣?xùn)|西，先說this, 后說that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。(4)向別人介紹某個人時，要說“ This is .”，而

22、不說“ That is .”，也不能說“ He is .”或“ She is .”。介紹兩個人時，先用“ This is .”介紹一個人，然后用“ That is .”介紹另一個人。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫，海倫，這是湯姆。 This is my brother and that is my sister. 這是我哥哥，那是我妹妹。 (5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。 (6) 打電話過程中，介紹自己時通常用this指代“

23、我”，不用代詞I；詢問對方時用that指代“你”，不用代詞you。例如： -Hello. This is Mary. Whos that? 喂，我是。你是誰？ -This is Tom. 我是。注意：雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”，但英語中打電話時絕不可以說：I am, Are you？/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時, 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎？ Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？Its a kite. 是只風(fēng)箏。2these (這些) 和those(那

24、些)用法this, that, these和those是指示代詞，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時間、距離較遠(yuǎn)或前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎？在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時，通常用they代替these或those以避免重復(fù)。如：Are these/those your apples? 這些

25、(那些)是你的蘋果嗎？ Yes, they are. 是的，他們是。（ ）1. _ pen is red. _ pencil is green. A. this, that B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That（ ）2. Is _ a panda over there? A. this B. that C. those D. these（ ）3. _two boys are Mr. Greens sons. A. This B. These C. That D. those（ ）4. _ two girls are Mary and Lind

26、a. A. This B. They C. That D. Those（ ）5. _is Mr. White and _ is my father. A. This,those B. That,these C. These,these D. This,this（ ）6 Is that your sister? A Yes, she is B Yes, it is C No, it is D No, she isnt（ ）7 Are those your books? A Yes, those are. BNo,they arent CYes, these are七名詞所有格 英語名詞所有格有兩

27、種：'s屬格和of屬格。 1 's所有格的用法： a主要用于有生命的名詞，例如：my brother's books, Mary's friend b用于地理、國家機(jī)關(guān)、城市等名詞，例如：Beijing's future, the government'sthe citys look. c用于時間、價值、距離、重量等名詞，例如：today's newspaper, ten dollars' wort h, five miles' distance, twenty pounds' weight. d表示理發(fā)店、商店等

28、名詞或一些習(xí)慣用法，例如：at the butcher's 2 of所有格的用法：主要用于表示無生命的名詞，例如：the door of the house, a map of China, photos of my family. 3 特殊所有格:若一樣?xùn)|西為兩人共有，后一個人名用所有格；如果不是兩人共有，而是各有各的，則兩個名詞都用所有格，且其后名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。 Lucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽，一個媽媽) Lucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凱特的房間（各自的房間，兩間房子）1. - How's Mary's s

29、kirt?- Her skirt is more beautiful than _. A.her sister's and Kate B.her sister and Kate C.her sister and Kate's D.her sister's and Kate's2.This is _ car._ is over there.A.visitor's；My B.visitor's；Mine C.visitor；Mine D.visitors；My3. _ room is big and bright. They like it very

30、 much.A.Tom and Sam B.Tom's and SamC.Tom and Sam's D.Tom's and Sam's4. _ fathers are both teachers.A.Jim's and Bob B.Jim's and Bob's C.Jim and Bob's D.Jim and Bob5.This is a photo of _.A.yours B.yourselves C.your D.yourself6.The old teacher is a friend _.A.my brother&

31、#39;s B.my brother C.of my brother's D.of a brother's7.You can enjoy _. quiet streets.A the city B a city C the citys D a citys八 代詞1、人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格Iweyouyoushe he itthey賓格meusyouyouher him itthem物主代詞形容詞性myouryouryourher his itstheir名詞性mineoursyoursyourshershisitsthei

32、rs1. 通常情況下，人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語，放在動詞（be動詞，情態(tài)動詞和行為動詞等）的前面。 I am a girl. We can sing and dance. They like English.2. 通常情況下，稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語，放在動詞或介詞的后面。 Give them to Tom. Nice to meet you. For us, we like action movies.3. 形容詞性的物主代詞（相當(dāng)于形容詞）屬于限定詞，后面要跟它所限定的名詞。4. 名詞性的物主代詞（相當(dāng)于名詞），后面不能再接名詞。用所給詞的正確形式填空。1. That is

33、 not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those photos are _ ( he )5. _ shirts are red. (we) What color are _? ( you )6. Here are many toys, which one

34、 is _ ? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8. Show _ your hands, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ rulers? No, _ are not. ( they )11. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she )12. That is not _ camera. _is at home. (

35、he )13. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she )14._ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )15. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they )16. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )17. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. (it) 九數(shù)詞1.基數(shù)詞（表示事物數(shù)量的多少）。a. one 到twelve

36、需要特殊記b.13到19結(jié)尾加-teen, 但要注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen.c. 整十位數(shù)結(jié)尾加-ty,注意twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty.d. 表示“幾十幾”時，在整十和個位之間加連字符號“ - ”e百位數(shù) :百位和十位、個位之間需加and. 101 one hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight f千位數(shù)以上 從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起，每三位數(shù)加一個逗號“，”。從右開始，第一個“，”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousan

37、d，第二個“，”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million，第三個“，”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示，兩個逗號之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式。 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four g基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時，不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是，當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字，如成百、成千上萬，三三兩兩時，基數(shù)詞則以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。 There are hundreds of people in the hall 大廳里有數(shù)以百計的人。 Thousands and thousands of people come to visit Beijing every da