譯林牛津英語語法_冠詞

1、Articles冠詞冠詞不使用冠詞不使用冠詞定冠詞定冠詞不定冠詞不定冠詞aanthe零冠詞零冠詞a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前 an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前1.2.3.4.e.g. _book _ egg _ useful book _ underground roomaanaan基本用法：指人或事物的某一種類基本用法：指人或事物的某一種類e.g. She is a girl. 她是女孩她是女孩 This is a desk. 這是一張書桌這是一張書桌泛指某人或者某物，但又不具體說明何人何物泛指某人或者某物，但又不具體說明何人何物e.g. I

2、 can see a kite. 我能看見一只風(fēng)箏我能看見一只風(fēng)箏 A boy is in Grade 1. 一個(gè)男孩在一年級(jí)一個(gè)男孩在一年級(jí)表示表示“數(shù)量數(shù)量”，有，有“一一”“”“每一每一”的意思的意思e.g. We have six classes a day. 我們一天上六節(jié)課我們一天上六節(jié)課5.用在姓名前或用在姓名前或Mr. Mrs. Miss +姓氏姓氏前，表示某一位。前，表示某一位。 A Mr Chen came to see you this morning.6.用于序數(shù)詞前表示用于序數(shù)詞前表示“再一，又一再一，又一” I called on Mr. White a third

3、 time but hasnt seen him once yet. 基本用法：基本用法：“特指特指”特指某（些）人或者某（些）事特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便與其他的人或物有所區(qū)別物，以便與其他的人或物有所區(qū)別1.2.3.4.e.g.The book on the desk is Jims. 書桌上的那本書是吉姆的書桌上的那本書是吉姆的 The chairs are there. 椅子在那里椅子在那里指談話雙方都知道的人或事物指談話雙方都知道的人或事物e.g. Where is the kite? 風(fēng)箏在哪兒風(fēng)箏在哪兒？（雙方都知道指的是哪只風(fēng)箏）？（雙方都知道指的是哪只風(fēng)箏） Ope

4、n the door, please.請(qǐng)把門打開請(qǐng)把門打開（雙方都知道要打開哪扇門）（雙方都知道要打開哪扇門） 在敘述中，上文提到過的人或者事物，再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)在敘述中，上文提到過的人或者事物，再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)e.g. ：I can see a kite. 我看見一只風(fēng)箏我看見一只風(fēng)箏 ：where is the kite?這個(gè)風(fēng)箏在那里？這個(gè)風(fēng)箏在那里？用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人一家人”e.g. the Blacks 布來克一家布來克一家 用在宇宙間獨(dú)一無二的天體名詞之前用在宇宙間獨(dú)一無二的天體名詞之前5.6.8.e.g.the sun the sky the moo

5、n the earth用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)，及形容詞用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)，及形容詞only, very, same 前前e.g. I live on the second floor.我住在二樓我住在二樓Skating is the best sport in winter. 滑冰是冬天最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)滑冰是冬天最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)用在表示西洋樂器的名詞之前用在表示西洋樂器的名詞之前e.g. the violin the piano the guitar 特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨(dú)無二，序數(shù)最高級(jí)；某些專有名，習(xí)語及樂器。名詞前有了物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞和名詞前有了物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代

6、詞和s所有格時(shí)。所有格時(shí)。1.2.3.4.e.g. Our books those apples Jims pen復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或者事物時(shí)。復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或者事物時(shí)。e.g. They are teachers. 他們是老師。他們是老師。在表示國名、語言、學(xué)科的名詞前在表示國名、語言、學(xué)科的名詞前e.g. China England English physics在星期、月份、節(jié)日、季節(jié)前在星期、月份、節(jié)日、季節(jié)前e.g. on Sunday in August on Childrens Day 不使用冠詞的情況不使用冠詞的情況在球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)前及三餐名詞前。在球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)前

7、及三餐名詞前。5.e.g. play football/ basketball have supper不使用冠詞的情況不使用冠詞的情況7.by+交通工具，中間不用冠交通工具，中間不用冠詞詞by bike/ by plane / by air / by sea/ by ship 下列情況應(yīng)免冠，代詞限定名詞前；專有名詞不可數(shù)，學(xué)科球類三餐飯；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，兩節(jié)星期月份前；顏色語種和國名，稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜 冠詞的辯析和差異冠詞的辯析和差異1.1.用冠詞與不用冠詞的差異用冠詞與不用冠詞的差異1) at table1) at table at the table at the table2) in h

8、ospital 2) in hospital in the hospital in the hospital3) by sea3) by sea by the sea by the sea 進(jìn)餐進(jìn)餐在桌子旁在桌子旁住院住院在醫(yī)院里在醫(yī)院里乘船乘船( (由海路由海路) )在海邊在海邊4) go to sea4) go to sea go to the sea go to the sea5) in future5) in future in the future in the future6) on earth6) on earth on the earth on the earth7) go t

9、o school (church)7) go to school (church) go to the school (church) go to the school (church)8) in front of8) in front of in the front of in the front of當(dāng)水手當(dāng)水手去海邊去海邊從今以后從今以后在將來在將來究竟究竟, ,到底到底在地球上在地球上上學(xué)上學(xué)( (作禮拜作禮拜) )去去學(xué)校學(xué)校( (教堂教堂) )在在前面前面外部的外部的內(nèi)部的內(nèi)部的9) on horse back9) on horse back on the horse back o

10、n the horse back10) two of us10) two of us the two of us the two of us2.2.用定冠詞與不定冠詞的差異用定冠詞與不定冠詞的差異1) a number of 1) a number of 許多許多 the number of the number of 的數(shù)目的數(shù)目騎馬騎馬在馬背上在馬背上我們當(dāng)中的兩人我們當(dāng)中的兩人我們兩人我們兩人( (共計(jì)兩人共計(jì)兩人) )2)the most important meeting2)the most important meeting a most important meeting a m

11、ost important meeting 3) the third time 3) the third time a third timea third time5 5）for a moment for a moment for the momentfor the moment最重要的會(huì)議最重要的會(huì)議一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議第三次第三次一會(huì)兒一會(huì)兒目前，暫時(shí)目前，暫時(shí)又一次又一次3.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并列時(shí)用冠詞的差異兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并列時(shí)用冠詞的差異 a Chinese and English dictionarya Chinese and English dictionary 一本

12、漢英詞典一本漢英詞典 a Chinese and an English dictionarya Chinese and an English dictionary 一本漢語詞典和一本英語詞典一本漢語詞典和一本英語詞典 a teacher and writera teacher and writer一位教師兼作家一位教師兼作家 a teacher and a writer a teacher and a writer 一位教師，一位作家一位教師，一位作家 a knife and fork a knife and fork 一副刀叉一副刀叉 a knife and a fork a knife a

13、nd a fork 一個(gè)刀和一個(gè)叉一個(gè)刀和一個(gè)叉Exercises:Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.What _ beautiful horse it is!When does _ sun set in winter?I am going to _ Philippines（菲律賓群島（菲律賓群島） next month.Dont forget to buy me _ T-shirt.athetheaLook, theres _ elephant walking down the street.Its cheaper to take _ bus than

14、 to take _ taxi.John is staying at _ Dragon Hotel.Everyone knows Kitty is _ honest girl.anaatheanFill in the blanks with a, an or the,where necessary.I go to _ school by _ ship.Which pen is longer, _ blue one or _red one?They have _ dinner early in the evening._ Christians usually go to _ church on

15、Sundays.Have you ever seen _ real dragon?/thethe/aThey sent the parcel by _ air mail.Jack is staying with his aunt in _ United Kingdom.Everyone needs _ food._ Himalayas are _ highest mountain ranges on _ earth./the/Thethethe That shop sells _ fruit and _ drinks. Father went to _ bed quite early last

16、 night. The dog ran into _ school. No one knows how deep _ Atlantic Ocean is. What sort of _ game do you like better, _ football or _ basketball/thethe/ We cant live without _ air. Peter is _ university student. The company gave us _ wonderful dinner. Selina goes to work by _ same bus every morning.

17、/aathe一、單項(xiàng)選擇題一、單項(xiàng)選擇題1、_ book on the desk is _ useful one.A. The; an B. A; a C. The; a 、_ old lady in brown is _ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; a 、What can you see by the lake?I can see _ old man sitting on the chair.A. a B. an C. the、Have you had_ lunch yet?A. a B. / C. The、There is

18、_ “f” in the word “wife”.A. anB. a C. The、He is _ best one in our school.A. a B. anC. The7、My brother can play _ football well and he can also play _ piano well.A. the; B. ; the C. the; the 8、lets go and have _ walk around _ school.A. a; the B. /; / C. the; a 9、_ boy has broken the window.A. A B. Th

19、e C. both A and B10、You may ask _ old man listening to _ radio under_ tree for_ advice about it.A. an; the; the; / B. the; / ; the; / C. The; the; the; /11、They work in _ same shop. They are paid by _ day.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; /12、what is _ plane? _ machine that can fly.A. the; the B. a; theC.

20、 a; A 13、It gave me _ great surprise that he had cooked such_ nice food.A. a; a B. a; / C. the; the 14、Its _ pity to be listened to by nobody.A. a B. an C. the15、Failure is _ mother of success.A. the B. a C. /16、_ number of _ students is more than 1,200.A. The; the B. A; the C. A; a17、Ships send _ m

21、essages to each other by _ radio.A. the; the B. /; a C. /; /18、_ orange is _ orange.A. The; a B. An; /C. A; an 19、There is _ apple and _ piece of bread on the plate.A. a; a B. an; a C. an; the 20、We dont know she is _ honest girl.A. a B. an C. the21、Do you want to be _ artist when you grow up?A. the

22、 B. a C. an22、A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _ second.A. / B. a C. the23、Betty is from Beijing. It is _ old city and _ capital of our country.A. the; the B. an; a C. an; the24、My daughter said the man had hit her on _ face.A. a B. / C. the 25、That is _ map of _ world.A. a; a B. the; a

23、C. a; the 26、Lesson Four is _ difficult lesson, but it isnt _ most difficult one in Book 2.A. a; the B. an; theC. The; a27、Mr. Black didnt go to work yesterday because he was ill in _ bed.A. the B. a C. /28、Whats that over there? Its _ boat.A. the B. an C. a29、Mike is _ American boy. He studies in _ unniversity in Guangdong.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the30、Have you got _ e mail address?A. a B. an C. / 二、閱讀下列短文，在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~。二、閱讀下列短文，在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~。 If you go out sometimes at _ night, you will see _ moon high up in _ sky. The moon is far away from the earth. But it i