開題報(bào)告雙語版看中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭教育差異在《摩登家庭》和《小別離》中的體現(xiàn)

1、開題報(bào)告書題 目 看中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭教育差異在摩登家庭和小別離中的體現(xiàn) On the Differences in Middle-Class Family Education between China and the USA Case Study of Modern Family and A Love for Separation 論文題目 看中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭教育差異在摩登家庭和小別離中的體現(xiàn)On the Differences in Middle-Class Family Education between China and the US-A Case Study of Modern F

2、amily and A Love for Separation 中心論點(diǎn)(Thesis Statement)： 本論文主要從兩部電視連續(xù)劇摩登家庭和小別離中分析兩種不同的家庭教育觀，發(fā)現(xiàn)在對子女的教養(yǎng)目標(biāo)和教養(yǎng)期待方面，中國父母比美國父母設(shè)有更高的目標(biāo)和期待。兩國父母都注重培養(yǎng)孩子誠實(shí)禮貌的品德，但中國父母更注重培養(yǎng)孩子謙讓和睦，而美國父母卻更注重教養(yǎng)孩子獨(dú)立自主和尊重別人；在親子關(guān)系方面，中國孩子和父母關(guān)系不平等，而美國孩子和父母的關(guān)系較平等；在教養(yǎng)策略方面，當(dāng)孩子學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)異或表現(xiàn)好的時(shí)候，中國父母習(xí)慣對他們贊揚(yáng)并給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，而美國父母則傾向于對該事的口頭贊揚(yáng)卻并不給予物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。當(dāng)孩子學(xué)習(xí)成

3、績差或者表現(xiàn)不好的時(shí)候，中國父母經(jīng)常批評訓(xùn)斥孩子，而美國父母習(xí)慣于將孩子的不妥之處平和地陳述出來并提出自己的看法和意見。中國父母常常會(huì)替孩子承擔(dān)責(zé)任，有時(shí)會(huì)體罰孩子，美國父母大多時(shí)候讓孩子自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任，沒有體罰現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)孩子之間發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，美國父母會(huì)適當(dāng)干涉并公平解決沖突，而中國父母經(jīng)常會(huì)過度干涉并為了求和而不公平地解決沖突。當(dāng)然，不同的教育產(chǎn)生了不同的結(jié)果。與獨(dú)立的美國孩子相比，中國孩子有更多的要求和依賴性，而且他們總想獲得別人的關(guān)心和幫助, 適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力也沒有美國孩子強(qiáng),而且由于父母的過度保護(hù)，中國孩子的人交往能力較弱，在這一點(diǎn)上，美國孩子正好相反。而且比起中國孩子，美國孩子會(huì)更加開朗活潑

4、、勇于創(chuàng)新以及充滿自信。This paper stresses on analyzing two different family educations from the perspective of two TV series "Modern Family" and "A Love for Separation", and found that Chinese parents have higher goals and expectations than American parents in terms of their parenting goal

5、s and expectations. Parents of both countries focus on cultivating children's honesty and politeness, but Chinese parents pay more attention to cultivating children's humility and friendliness, while American parents pay more attention to developing children's independence and respect fo

6、r others. And in terms of parent - child relationship, the relationship between children and parents is unequal in China, and the relationship between American children and parents is more equal. On the part disciplinary tactic, Chinese parents are accustomed to praise and reward their children beca

7、use of childrens fine performances, while American parents tend to give verbal praise instead of giving material rewards. And when the children have poor performance, the Chinese parents often scold their children, and the American parents are used to placidly point out children's inadequacies a

8、nd offer their views and opinions. Chinese parents often help to assume the responsibilities of their children, sometimes they tend to mete out physical punishment to children, while the American parents let their children bear responsibilities by their own, and there is no corporal punishment. And

9、when conflicts occur between children, the American parents will properly intervene and fairly resolve the conflict, while Chinese parents are used to meddle unduly over-interference and resolve the conflict unfairly in order to look for a peaceful settlement. Of course, different educations produce

10、 different results. Compared with the independent American children, Chinese children tend to have more demands and dependences, and they always want to get the attention and help of others, they have less ability of adapting to the environment than American children. Due to the excessive protection

11、 of parents, the Chinese children tend to have weak interpersonal relationship skills, and at this point, the American children react against that. And American children will be more cheerful and lively, innovative and confident than Chinese children.本研究目的和意義: 研究目的：1. 正確認(rèn)識中美兩國家庭教育差異，然后吸取借鑒美國優(yōu)秀家庭教育方式

12、。中美在家庭教育方式上存在很多差異，在這個(gè)差異上尋找最佳的結(jié)合點(diǎn)結(jié)合美國合理的家庭教育方式，增強(qiáng)讀者的家庭教育意識，促進(jìn)中國家庭教育的發(fā)展。2. 家庭教育在教育體系中起著重要作用，家庭是對兒童進(jìn)行啟蒙教育的主要場所，對其日后的良好習(xí)性的養(yǎng)成和智力的開發(fā)有著十分重要的作用。本文通過分析兩部電視劇，用最直觀的感受拉近讀者與作者距離，激發(fā)情感共鳴，使讀者了解正確的家庭教育觀的重要性，以便在今后的家庭教育中采取正確的教育方式，讓孩子形成正確的人生觀和價(jià)值觀。1. A correct understanding of the differences in family education between

13、 China and America will help us have a higher probability for learning from American excellent family education. There are many differences between China and the United States in the way of family education, and the readers will find the best combination of this difference and the reasonable America

14、n ways of family education to help to raise the reader's sense of family education and promote the development of family education in China.2. Family education plays an important role in the education systems, the family is the main place of enlightenment education for children, which plays a ve

15、ry important role in the childrens development of good habits and intelligence in the future. This paper analyzes the two TV series which uses the most intuitive feelings to narrow the distance between the reader and the author, and arouse the emotional resonance so as to make the reader understand

16、the importance of the correct family education view. In this way, the correct education method will be adopted in the future family education and help children form a correct outlook on life and values.研究意義：1. 正確認(rèn)識和了解中美兩國之間的家庭教育差異，是我們正確借鑒美國的先進(jìn)育人理念的前提，對于促進(jìn)我國當(dāng)代家庭教育的良性發(fā)展有著十分重要的指導(dǎo)者作用和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義2. 家庭是個(gè)人身心發(fā)展的重要

17、場所，它對個(gè)人成長有持久的影響。正確認(rèn)識并借鑒國外先進(jìn)的教育方法，對促進(jìn)孩子健康成長、提高未來人才的素質(zhì)具有很重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。3. 在任何一種社會(huì)體制下，中產(chǎn)階級都是社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的基石，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)高品質(zhì)民主的前提條件。中國的中產(chǎn)階級作為一個(gè)新興社會(huì)階層，對中國社會(huì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的穩(wěn)定有著重要的意義，而中產(chǎn)階級家庭對子女的教育，必然會(huì)影響到中國下一代的發(fā)展，影響中國的發(fā)展。1. Having a correct understanding of the difference between family education in China and the United States is a p

18、rerequisite for us to correctly learn from the advanced educational concept of the United States, it plays a very important role of instructor and practical significance for promoting the healthy development of contemporary family education in China. 2. The family is an important place for personal

19、physical and mental development, and it has a lasting effect on personal growth. It is of great practical significance to correctly understand and draw lessons from foreign advanced educational methods to promote the healthy growth of children and improve the quality of future talents.3. In any soci

20、al system, the middle class is the cornerstone of social stability, but also a prerequisite for the realization of high-quality democracy. China's middle class as an emerging social class is of great significance to the development of Chinese society and the stability of social transformation, a

21、nd the education of the middle-class family to the children will inevitably affect the development of the next generation and the development of Chinas tomorrow.本研究的理論意義（國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述）:國內(nèi)研究：。邊佳主編的美國家庭這樣教育孩子【1】（2013）中講述了許多美國家庭教育的實(shí)例，點(diǎn)明了美國教育的特點(diǎn)和美國父母教育孩子的方法。中國現(xiàn)代家庭教育家陳鶴琴在家庭教育【2】（1925）一書中以從美國留學(xué)所得的現(xiàn)代教育的原理和觀念，在深入

22、研究兒童心理的基礎(chǔ)上，立家庭教育原則101條。黃全愈在望子成人家庭教育在美國【3】（2010）一書中作者以一位教育學(xué)家嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膽B(tài)度，用一位父親溫和的眼光審視中美家教的異同，用生動(dòng)、風(fēng)趣的敘述，向我們展示了原汁原味的美國家教。美國家長不按自己的設(shè)想改造孩子，不強(qiáng)迫孩子接受家長的意志。而中國家長為了讓自己的孩子成為最卓越的人才，許多家長按照自己的設(shè)計(jì)，僵硬古板地改造孩子，導(dǎo)致許多孩子沒有自己的興趣，缺乏社交能力。由鄒強(qiáng)編著的中國當(dāng)代家庭教育變遷研究【16】（2011）以一個(gè)理性研究者的立場，從變遷的背景、變遷的過程、變遷的內(nèi)容、變遷的結(jié)果與評價(jià)等方面對中國當(dāng)代家庭教育進(jìn)行了全面、深入的探討與剖析表明

23、，當(dāng)代家庭教育無論是在理論發(fā)展層面，還是在實(shí)踐操作層面，都在向科學(xué)、規(guī)范的現(xiàn)代家庭教育轉(zhuǎn)化，而且“學(xué)習(xí)型”家庭，將是中國當(dāng)代家庭教育變遷的最佳歸宿。國外研究：盧梭在愛彌兒論教育（1757）一書中指出：“人的教育在他出生的時(shí)候就開始了，在能夠說話和聽別人說話以前，他就受到了教育。”蘇霍姆林斯基于1958年撰寫的帕夫雷什中學(xué)中指出：“最完備的教育就是家庭教育。家庭以及存在與家庭中的子女與家長之間的相互關(guān)系，是智育、德育、美育和體育的第一所學(xué)校。”素·金和珍妮·金的亞裔學(xué)生為何出色家庭教育的17個(gè)訣竅【5】（2006）一書講述了亞裔父母如何通過家庭教育將子女培養(yǎng)成美國名牌大學(xué)學(xué)生

24、，并進(jìn)而進(jìn)入美國白領(lǐng)階層。她們通過自己的與感悟，將亞裔家庭教育中值得肯定的特點(diǎn)歸納為17個(gè)訣竅，令人耳目一新。夏洛特·梅森在夏洛特·梅森家庭教育法中告誡天下父母，對于社會(huì)而言，最重要的工作就是撫養(yǎng)和指導(dǎo)兒童。在家庭中更是如此，因?yàn)榧彝サ挠绊憶Q定著人的性格和職業(yè)生涯。為人父母是一件很重要的事情，任何事情都不能和家庭教育相比。本研究的問題、理論、方法和視角：問題：1.中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭怎樣教育孩子以及存在怎樣的差異？2.不同的家庭教育有著什么不同的結(jié)果？Questions: 1. How do Chinese and American middle-class families

25、educate their children and whats the difference between them?2. What are the different outcomes of different family education?方法：文獻(xiàn)分析法和比較分析法Methodology: Literature analysis and comparative analysis本研究的主要觀點(diǎn)和重難點(diǎn):主要觀點(diǎn)：本文主要從親子關(guān)系、教育方式、培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)與期待以及側(cè)重點(diǎn)這四個(gè)方面的不同在摩登家庭和小別離中的體現(xiàn)來分析分析中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭教育差異。在中國，家長往往著眼于孩子的未來，希望

26、孩子找個(gè)好工作，在順境中度過一生，因而在孩子的成長中，他們更注重智力的發(fā)展，認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)好才能有個(gè)好未來，因而除了學(xué)習(xí)他們不允許孩子任何事情；與此相反，美國家長一般認(rèn)為孩子的成長必須依靠自身的力量和經(jīng)歷，因此他們更注重培養(yǎng)和鍛煉孩子，側(cè)重于培養(yǎng)孩子適應(yīng)各種環(huán)境和獨(dú)立生存的能力,而且美國家長大都不會(huì)對孩子的學(xué)習(xí)施加太多壓力，反而讓他們自由去發(fā)展興趣、培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力。而在親子關(guān)系方面，中國孩子和父母關(guān)系不平等，而美國孩子和父母的關(guān)系較平等；一般而言，美國家庭以民主平等的教育方式為主，父母尊重孩子的人格和人權(quán)，把孩子當(dāng)作是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的和平等的家庭成員相待，與孩子建立民主平等的關(guān)系；而中國家庭民主平等的教育方式

27、相對欠缺. 因此中國的兒童、少年，乃至大學(xué)生，雖然學(xué)習(xí)成績不亞于美國孩子，但是較缺乏適應(yīng)社會(huì)的能力，依賴性強(qiáng)，人際交往能力較差，而且比較缺乏自立意識；而美國的兒童、少年則能較為順利地適應(yīng)社會(huì)，創(chuàng)造性、自力意識較強(qiáng)。This paper mainly analyzes the difference of middle-class family education in “Modern Family” and “A Love for Separation” from the four aspects of parent-child relationship and educational mode

28、, parenting goals and expectations and educational focus. In China, parents tend to focus on the child's future, they hope that children will find a good job, and have a good life in prosperity, so they pay more attention to the development of intelligence in the growth of children, and they thi

29、nk that their children will have a good future only by studying hard, the Chinese children are not allowed to do anything else in addition to study; Conversely, parents in the US generally believe that children must rely on their own strength and experience to grow up, so they pay more attention to

30、training and exercising their children, and they focus on children's ability of adapting to various environment and survival alone, and parents in the US will not put too much pressure on the child's study, instead, they allow their children to cultivate their own interests and creativities.

31、 In the aspect of parent - child relationship, the parent-child in the US is more equal than in China. In general, American families pay more attention to live in freedom and equality, and parents regard the children as an independent and equal family members that respect the children's personal

32、ity and human rights, which build a democratic and equal relationship with children; but Chinese families are relatively lack of a democratic and equal way of education. Therefore, China's children, teenagers, and even college students tend to have weaker ability to adapt to society quickly and

33、successfully although the academic performance of Chinese children is as excellent as American children, even sometimes Chinese children are more excellent, and Chinese children are relatively dependent and they have weaker self-awareness and interpersonal communication skills, while the children an

34、d adolescents in the US have stronger ability to successfully adapt to society, and they have stronger creativity and sense of independence.重點(diǎn)：本文重點(diǎn)分析中美中產(chǎn)階級家庭教育差異在兩部電視連續(xù)劇摩登家庭和小別離中的體現(xiàn)。首先，就親子關(guān)系而言，中國家長總是意味著權(quán)威，作為統(tǒng)治者在家庭中處于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心地位，雖然近年來，許多家庭走向另一個(gè)極端，孩子成了中心，家長總是對孩子千依百順，但這種溺愛的行為，造成了家庭關(guān)系的另一種不平等，而美國親子關(guān)系較中國而言更平等自

35、由。其次，美國的教育方式比較開放自由，而中國則不然；中國家庭很重視孩子將來是否有出息，能否找個(gè)好工作，而美國家庭則更注重培養(yǎng)孩子適應(yīng)各種環(huán)境和獨(dú)立生存的能力。此外，在中國，許多家長在生活上對孩子的衣食住行包辦代替，對孩子的要求有求必應(yīng)，過度保護(hù)孩子，限制孩子與外界的接觸；而且把孩子的學(xué)習(xí)成績與能否考取高等學(xué)府視為孩子成材的惟一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對孩子成績要求非常苛刻嚴(yán)格。而美國家長重視鍛煉孩子獨(dú)立生活能力，從孩子出生，父母就設(shè)法給他們自我鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)和條件，讓他們在各種環(huán)境中得到充分鍛煉，而且，美國家長大都不會(huì)對孩子的學(xué)習(xí)施加太多壓力，反而讓他們自由去發(fā)展興趣、培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力。This paper focuse

36、s on the analysis of the differences between the Chinese and American middle-class family education in two TV series "Modern Family" and "A Love for Separation". First of all, in point of parent-child relationship, Chinese parents always represent authority, they are in the core

37、position of leadership in the family, although in recent years, there are many families going toward the other extreme, that is the children become the center of whole family, and parents always spoil their children, which result in another unequal family relationship, but the parent-child relations

38、hip in the US is more equal. Secondly, American families are more open and free, while China is the opposite, Chinese families attach great importance to their children's future, and care about whether their children have a promising future and a good job, while American families pay more attent

39、ion to cultivating childrens ability to adapting to various environments and live independently. In addition, many parents in China not only are always an easy touch to their children especially to the inly child in daily life, and they are used to overprotect their children, but also they regard th

40、e child's academic performance and the ability to obtain higher education as the only standard for child to become a useful person, so they are very strict with their childrens academic performance. On the contrary, parents in the US attach more importance to exercise childrens ability to live i

41、ndependently, so from the birth of children, their parents try to give them the opportunity and conditions to exercise themselves, so that they can fully exercise in a variety of environments. Moreover, American parents will not put too much pressure on their children's study, but give them oppo

42、rtunity to develop interest and cultivate creativity freely.難點(diǎn)：首先，由于學(xué)業(yè)和時(shí)間原因，不能實(shí)地考察和收集更全面的資料。  其次，在進(jìn)行中美兩國家庭教育對比時(shí),比起中國，作者對美國家庭教育所知不夠全面，不可避免地會(huì)在寫作過程中加上作者自己的主觀思想。There are some difficulties in carrying out this study. Firstly, I cannot investigate on the field because of my study and lacking enough

43、time. Secondly, it is inevitable for the author to add the author's own subjective thinking in the paper because the understanding of American family education is more one-sided when compared with the understanding of China.詳細(xì)提綱 (Detailed Outline): 第一章 緒論1.1 背景1.2 家庭教育的定義1.3 家庭教育的特征第二章 家庭教育對比2.1

44、 親子關(guān)系2.2 教育方式與策略2.3 培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)與期待2.4 教育側(cè)重點(diǎn)第三章 教育結(jié)果對比3.1 獨(dú)立意識3.2 責(zé)任意識3.3人際關(guān)系3.4 適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力第四章 總結(jié)4.1 本文主要發(fā)現(xiàn)4.2 啟示參考文獻(xiàn). Introduction1.1 Research Background1.2 Definition of Family Education1.3 Characteristics of Family Education. Contrast of Family Education 2.1 Parent-child Relationship2.2 Educational Methods

45、and Strategies2.3 Educational Goals and Expectations2.4 Educational Focus. Different Result the Two Kinds of Family Education 3.1 Independent consciousness3.2 Awareness of Responsibility3.3 Interpersonal relationships3.4 Ability to Adapt to the Environment. Conclusion 4.1 Major Findings 4.2 RevelationReferences寫作進(jìn)程 (Schedule):2016/9/20-10/7 確定論文方向，導(dǎo)師溝通，開始搜集資料；2016/10/10-10/25 確定題目，搜集資料，完成開題報(bào)告；2016/11/1-11/15 完成第一章2016/11/17