初中英語非謂語動詞總結

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上英語非謂語動詞總結一、不定式動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨作句子的謂語。其構成形式為to 動詞原形，to為動詞不定式的符號，本身無意義。動詞不定式具有兩大特點：1.具有動詞的特點，因此，后面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語，構成動詞不定式短語。2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點，可以在句子中用作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。一、動詞不定式作主語1. It's our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肅省)2. It

2、's hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3.建造這座立交橋將花費工人們一年多的時間。It will _the workers over a year _ _the flyover.(北京市海淀區(qū))4. It's very nice _you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)簡析動詞不定式作主語時，可以直接放在謂語動詞前面的主語位置

3、，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式)置于后面。常見的句式有：(1)It is 形容詞(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is 名詞(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is 形容詞(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質；句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， import

4、ant等形容詞，與介詞for搭配，表示不定式表示的動作、行為的性質。二、動詞不定式作賓語1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)2. Don't forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult _A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to

5、fall asleep (湖南省)Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D簡析在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等動詞后面，可以接不定式作賓語。如果其后接形容詞補足語時，則可以用it作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語的不定式放到后面。三、動詞不定式作賓語補足語1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help him B

6、. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江蘇省)2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肅省)Key： 1. B 2. C簡析不定式可以用作賓語補足語。后面可以接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。四、動詞不定式作狀語1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. s

7、aw D. seeing (江西省)2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C簡析go， come， try， do / try one's best等動詞或短語動詞作謂語時，其后常常可以接不定式作目的狀語。3. I'm sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)4. I'm sorr

8、y _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)5. My mother was very glad _her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A簡析be 形容詞 to do sth結構中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。6. The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改為意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a fat p

9、anda to go through. (廣東省)7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改為意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasn't _ enough _ people _ _ _. (廣東省)Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on簡析在上述too 形容詞/副詞(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足夠做)結構中，不定式作結

10、果狀語。五、動詞不定式作定語1. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山東省)簡析不定式作定語時，常放在被修飾的詞語之后，與被修飾的詞語為邏輯上的主謂關系或動賓關系；如果不定式的動詞是不

11、及物動詞，其后要加上必要的介詞或副詞，構成的短語動詞相當于及物動詞。六、不帶to的動詞不定式1. We saw him _the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them _very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel 3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to

12、 wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陜西省)4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. didKey： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C簡析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官動詞和make， have， let等使役動詞后面作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to.但是在被動語態(tài)中，作主語補足語的不定式要帶to(let沒有被動語態(tài))。2.在had better后面接不帶to的不定式。七、動詞不定式的否定形式1

13、. Mr Black asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didn't jump D. not jump (廣西壯族自治區(qū))2. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)3. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have，not be

14、C. be， not to be D. be， not be (內蒙古自治區(qū))Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C簡析動詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動詞原形前面加上not.八、某些動詞后面接不定式和接動詞-ing形式的區(qū)別1. Please stop _a rest if you feel tired.A. to have B. having C. have D. has (廣西)2. Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?Sorry, I forgot _ some

15、money with me.A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 3. Let's have a rest, shall we?Not now, I can't stop _ the letters.A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ (walk). (用所給單詞的正確形式填空簡析一些常見的動詞后面接不定式和接動詞的-ing形式的區(qū)別如下：stop to do sth意為停止正在做的事情去做另外

16、一件事，stop doing sth意為停止正在做的事：remember to do sth意為記住去做某事(事還未做)，remember doing sth意為記得做過某事(事已做)：go on to do sth意為接著做某事(做完一事，接著做另一事)，go on doing sth意為繼續(xù)做某事(一事未做完接著往下做)：forget to do sth意為忘了做某事(事還未做)，forget doing sth意為忘了曾做過某事(事已做)。5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane _ over my head.A. flies B

17、. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省)6. A woman saw it _ when she was walking past.A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龍江省)Key： 5. B 6. A簡析在see， hear， watch， feel等感官動詞后面可接不帶to的不定式，也可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語，用不定式表示動作的全過程(動作已結束)，用動詞的-ing形式表示動作正在進行(動作尚未結束)。九、動詞不定式的省略及其符號to的保留1. Would you like to go to

18、the cinema with us?Yes, _. What time are we going to meet?A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. I'd like to (浙江省)2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?_. What time are we going to meet?A. No, I can't B. Yes, I'm gladC. Yes, I'd love to D. I'd like (大連市)Keys： 1. D 2. C

19、簡析在口語中，動詞不定式中的動詞或短語動詞在上下文中重復出現(xiàn)時，第二個動詞不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。這種用法常見于be glad to，would like (love) to，have to等結構中。十、動詞不定式的被動式和其他形式The new hospital _ is near the factory.A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built (青海省)Key： D簡析當不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者(賓語)時，用動詞不定式的被動式，即：to be 過去分詞；如果不定式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前，不定

20、式用完成式，即：to have 過去分詞；如果不定式表示的動作和謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生，用不定式的進行式，即：to be 現(xiàn)在分詞練習：1. Dont forget _ the letter.A. to send      B. send  C. sending      D. being sent2. The chair looks very old， but in fact it is very comfortable to _.A. sit  &

21、#160;       B. sit on     C. be sat        D. be sat on3. Is _necessary to return the book tomorrow？A. this    B. that  C. it   D. which4. Im afraid they would not allow

22、him _ here.A. to smoke     B. smoking   C. smokes      D. smoke5. Mother told me _the water before I drank it.A. boiling B. boiled  C. boil  D. to boil6. On my way home，I stopped _some food.A. buy B. to buyC. buying

23、 D. bought7. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment.A. to wash      B. washing   C. wash        D. to be washing8. The sitting-room needs _， but itll have to wait until Saturday.A. be cleaning    B.

24、 to be cleaned    C. clean      D. being cleaned9. The first thing I want to do is _.A. visit to him   B. to visit him    C. visiting him    D. visited him10. Li Yang advised me _too much， otherwise I would have been dru

25、nk.A. not to drink    B. to drink    C. not drinking    D. drinking 二、動名詞動詞的-ing形式既包括動名詞又包括現(xiàn)在分詞，在英語中使用極其廣泛，因此要求每位學生對其都應清楚了解并正確運用。下面就動詞的-ing形式在句中做定語總結如下：動詞的-ing形式做定語在句中通常有兩個位置，如果是單個的動詞的-ing形式做定語，常放在被修飾詞前做前置定語；如果是動詞的-ing形式的短語做定語，常放在被修飾詞后做后置定語。如：1.He is

26、 an attacking player.他是一個攻擊型的運動員。2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一個令人難堪的問題。3.A little child learning to walk often falls.學走路的小孩常常跌跤。4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道來參加晚會的人數(shù)嗎？注意：當-ing形式做后置定語時，可以相當于相應的定語從句。如：1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.A

27、young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我表妹。-ing形式做定語通常從以下三方面考查，即：1)說明被修飾詞的性質，特征或用途。如：1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.2.He may be in the reading room，for all I

28、know.他說不定在閱覽室里。3.Ladies and gentlemen，please go and wait in the meeting room.2)與被修飾詞為主動關系且表示正在進行的動作。如：1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher？3)有些-ing形式已經轉化成形容詞，常做定語用來修飾物，表示“令人”。常用的此類詞有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking

29、，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。如：1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那準時一段可怕的經歷。2.The experiment was an amazing success.那項試驗是一個驚人的成功。3.There is a page missing from this book.這本書缺了

30、一頁。除了-ing形式能做定語外，如果-ing形式與被修飾詞是被動關系，就用它的被動式，即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做，常做后置定語。如：1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高樓是我們的新學校。2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.-ing形式做定語專練1.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A.20 do

31、llars remainedB.20 dollars to remain C.remained 20 dollarsD.remaining 20 dollars.2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _the desert.A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover3.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school，most _were from Germany.A.study;of w

32、hom B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom4.The question _ at present has something important to do with our daily life.A.to be discussing B.to discuss C.been discussed D.being discussed5.China is a_country_to the third world.A.developed;belongs B.developing;belonging C.developing;bel

33、ongsD.developed;belonged6.-Who is the man_to the teacher？-A model worker_our school.A.talks，visits B.is talking;is visiting C.talking;visiting D.talking;visited7.How many of us_，say，a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion？A.attend B.attendingC.to attend D.have a

34、ttended8.The flowers_sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smellingC.smelt D.to be smelt三、分詞一.概念: 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種,是一種非謂語動詞形式二.相關知識點精講:1.現(xiàn)在分詞的用法： 1) 做表語：He was very amusing. That book was rather boring. exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing,

35、 confusing, touching, puzzling. 2) 作定語：上面所出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語, 修飾一個名詞： That must have been a terrifying experience. I found him a charming person. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語還可以放在名詞的后面修飾名詞, 相當于一個定語從句： There are a few boys swimming in the river. There is a car waiting outside. 3) 作狀語： 現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以表示一個同時發(fā)生的次要的或伴隨的動作： Following Tom

36、, we started to climb the mountain. Opening the drawer, he took out a box. Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語還可以表示原因, 相當于一個原因狀語從句： Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Being unemployed, he hasnt got much money. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語還可以表示時間, 相當于一個時間狀語從句： Hearing the new

37、s, they all jumped with joy. Returning home, he began to do his homework. Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis. Be careful when crossing the road. Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. Having finished her work, she went home. 4)作賓補： 現(xiàn)在分詞在一些動詞之后可以做賓語的補語： 例如, see, hear, catch,

38、 find, keep , have 等. I see him passing my house every day. I caught him stealing things in that shop. I smelt something burning.She kept him working all day.2.過去分詞的用法： 1) 作表語：We were so bored that we couldnt help yawning. She felt confused, and even frightened.They were very pleased with the girl.

39、Im satisfied with your answer. He is not interested in research. 2) 作定語： She has a pleased look on her face. The teacher gave us a satisfied smile. cooked food a written report fried eggs boiled water frozen food armed forces required courses fallen leaves finished products a forced smile the risen

40、sun new arrived visitors Whats the language spoken in that country?Theyre problem left over by history. The play put on by the teachers was a big success. Is there anybody injured? Do you know the number of books ordered? 3)作狀語： Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. Given good health, I ho

41、pe to finish the work this year. They came in, followed by some children. Depressed, he went to see his elder sister. When treated with kindness, he was very amiable. 4)作賓補：過去分詞也同樣可以作賓語的補語，接在某些動詞后面I will have the clothes washed tomorrow.When they get back home, they found the room robbed.三.鞏固練習 1. _

42、 with the best students, I still have a long way to go. A. Having compared B. To compareC. Compared D. Compare（ ） 2. The music of the film _ by him sounds so _ . A. playing, excitingB. played, excited C. playing, excited D. played, exciting（ ） 3. _ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave

43、home. A. Warned B. Having warned C. To warn D. Warn（ ） 4. In_countries, you cant always make yourself _ by speaking English. A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood（ ）5. After _ the old man, the doctor suggested th

44、at he _ a bad cold. A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch（ ） 6. _ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it. A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer（ ） 7. _ how to read the n

45、ew words, I often look them up in the dictionary. A. Having not known B. Not to know C. Dont know D. Not knowing（ ） 8. As his parent, you shouldnt have your child _ such a book. A. read B. to readC. reading D. be reading（ ） 9. He returned from abroad _ that his mother had been badly ill. A. heard B.

46、 having been heardC. having phoned D. having been phoned非謂語動詞專項訓練 80題1：The ground is with leave. A. covered ; falling B. covered ; fallen C. covering ; falling D. covering ; fallen2：It was stupid your advice. A. for me to not take B. for me not to take C. of me to not take D. of me not to take 3: -D

47、id you get your pay ? -Yes ,I remember .But I forget the exact amount. A. being paid B. to be paid C. paying D. having paid4: of reading, he put down the book and stopped TV. A. Tiring ; watching B. Tiring ; to watch C. Tired : to watch D. Tired : watching5: It is important a beginner the correct pr

48、onunciation of a foreign language when he studies it. A. of ; to teach B. for ; to be taught C. of ; to be taught D. for ; to have taught6: That Arab said that he had never heard of a pilot. A. womans being B. a woman to be C. a womans to be D. a woman being7: We have not decided there by bus or on

49、foot. A. to get B. getting C. if to get D. whether to get8: I must apologize for ahead of time. A. not letting you know B. letting you not know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 9: -Did you have trouble with your car this morning?-Yes , but I finally managed .A. to get it start B. get

50、it starting C. to get it started D. getting it started10: I prefer studying English at home the match. A. to watching B. rather than watching C. rather than D. to watch11: I knew he didnt listen to me , but I went on to get him in the plan.A. to hope ; interesting B. to hope ; interested C. hoping ;

51、 interested D. hoping ; interesting12:-I cant make out whether this figure is a three or an eight.-Perhaps you need you eyes .A. examining ; (不填) B. to have ; examined C. to have ; examining D. to be ; examining13. I saw your father under the tree , . A. seat ; thinking B. seating ; thought C. seate

52、d ; think D. seated ; thinking14: The library needs , but itll have until Sunday. A. to clean ; to wait B. to clean ; waiting C. cleaning ; to wait D. cleaning ; waiting15: many times , they succeeded the experiment.A. Having tried ; in doing B. Tried ; in being doneC. Having tried ; to do D. Tried

53、; doing16: “We must keep a secret of the things here”, the general said at the man in charge of the information office.A. discussed ; stared seriously B. being discussed ；seriously staringC. to be discussed ；seriously staredD. having been discussed ; and seriously stared17: He did his best to make h

54、imself with his English. A. understand ; spoken B. hear ; spoken C. heard ; speaking D. understood ; spoken18: My grandpa likes young people basketball. A. to watch ; play B. watching ; to play C. watching ; playing D. to watch ; playing19: -Whom should the message be sent to ?-My father is the one . A. to sent it B. to be sent to C. for senting it D. to sent it to20: I didnt feel like ,so he suggested an English letter right now.A. reading ; practicing writingB. reading ; to practice to writeC. to read ; to practice writingD